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Schistosoma haematobiumSchistosomiasis haematobiaSchistosoma mansoniBulinusSchistosomiasisSchistosomaPraziquantelParasite Egg CountAnthelminticsSchistosomicidesSchistosomiasis mansoniSnailsAntigens, HelminthUrineZimbabweAntibodies, HelminthHematuriaDNA, HelminthEndemic DiseasesBiomphalariaEgyptAntiplatyhelmintic AgentsGhanaMaliTrichlorfonCote d'IvoireSchistosomiasis japonicaKenyaHelminthiasisCentral Nervous System Parasitic InfectionsUrinary Bladder DiseasesHelminth ProteinsDisease VectorsUrinary TractReagent StripsUrinary BladderParasitologyGabonSenegalHelminthsPrevalenceFecesHookworm InfectionsHepatomegalyMolluscacidesEthylmorphineOxamniquineTanzaniaSulfaleneAfricaRural PopulationMorbidityGenital Diseases, FemaleCoinfectionGranuloma
JaponicumPrevalenceFlukesHighly endemicMorbiditySnailsGenusCaused by Schistosoma mansoniSpeciesFemale Genital SchistosomiasisParasitesEggsPraziquantelHematuriaMicroscopyAreasPrevalentWormsDiagnosisTrematodeKenyaDetectionChronicAsymptomaticCases of schistosomiasisInfectionsSchistosomiasis controlBilharziaStoolMalariaAdultUrogenital schistosomiasisBovisSymptomsUrinary tractCoinfection1991AbdominalBloodNematodeSpecimenFoundFindings
Japonicum15
Prevalence12
  • The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with Schistosoma (S.) mansoni infection among PSAC from Panamasso village, western Burkina Faso. (researchsquare.com)
  • We measured prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium, Wuchereria bancrofti, Plasmodium falciparum, hookworm, and other geohelminths among school-aged children in four endemic villages in Kwale County, Kenya and explored the relationship between multiparasite burden, undernutrition, and anemia. (lshtm.ac.uk)
  • The study aimed to detect the molecular prevalence of urine schistosomiasis and evaluate microscopic examination vs. PCR technique for detection of Schistosoma haematobium ( S. haematobium ) in urine of patients with suggestive symptoms or previous history of urine schistosomiasis coming from endemic regions. (springeropen.com)
  • The current study aimed to assess the true (molecular) prevalence of S. haematobium in Sohag University Hospital, Governorate of Sohag, using the PCR assay to detect DNA of S. haematobium in urine vs. urine microscopy and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of microscopy and also to determine the associated variable that can be a predicator for the occurrence of urinary schistosomiasis. (springeropen.com)
  • At baseline, the prevalence of S. haematobium was 34.3% (177/516). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Given the restricted distribution of Schistosoma mekongi in one province in Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) and two provinces in Cambodia, together with progress of the national control programmes aimed at reducing morbidity and infection prevalence, the elimination of schistosomiasis mekongi seems feasible. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The prevalence and infection intensity of S. mekongi were evaluated in 377 study participants from four villages in the endemic areas in Lao PDR and Cambodia using Kato-Katz stool examination, antibody detection based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and schistosome circulating antigen detection by lateral-flow tests. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Delineation of infection occurrence based on valid documentation is a necessary step to reach this goal and success depends crucially on the availability of highly sensitive diagnostic techniques providing non-equivocal prevalence values in remaining endemic pockets. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 0.1%, n = 985) confirming the already documented high prevalence of S. haematobium in Ingwavuma compared to S. mansoni . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previous studies conducted in Ingwavuma of uMkhanyakude district of South Africa showed that the prevalence of S. haematobium was around 37.5% [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Surveys of 332 naturally infected bovines at eight abattoirs in Senegal, The Gambia and Mali were carried out to determine the prevalence of infection with Schistosoma bovis and S. curassoni and to pinpoint areas where the distribution of the species overlap. (typeset.io)
  • Mass drug administration campaigns are often conducted in endemic areas to reduce the prevalence of the disease. (who.int)
Flukes6
  • Schistosoma haematobium (urinary blood fluke) is a species of digenetic trematode, belonging to a group (genus) of blood flukes (Schistosoma). (wikipedia.org)
  • Schistosoma haematobium are trematodes, also known as blood flukes, which infect humans and cause the parasitic disease urinary schistosomiasis. (blogspot.com)
  • Infection with flukes (trematodes) of the genus SCHISTOSOMA. (lookformedical.com)
  • The schistosoma blood flukes have a unique life cycle requiring two hosts to reproduce and survive. (appliedradiology.com)
  • Schistosomiasis is an acute and chronic parasitic disease caused by blood flukes (trematoda flat worms) of genus Schistosoma .FGS is mostly caused by the presence of S.haematobium eggs lodged in the female reproductive tract. (researchkey.net)
  • Schistosomiasis is infection with blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma , which are acquired transcutaneously by swimming or wading in contaminated freshwater. (merckmanuals.com)
Highly endemic4
  • We found that those areas were highly endemic with Schistosoma haematobium. (iamtropmed.org)
  • African countries in which the disease is highly endemic achieved morbidity control and have substantially lower levels of transmission. (who.int)
  • Findings were compared with samples collected from S. haematobium endemic regions in South Africa from 394 women and from 117 women from Madagascar of which 79 were urine pre-selected microscopy positive cases from highly-endemic communities and 38 were urine microscopy negatives from a low-endemic community. (brightresearch.org)
  • pregnant and breastfeeding women, groups with occupations involving contact with infested water, such as fishermen, farmers, irrigation workers, and people whose domestic tasks bring them in contact with infested water · entire communities living in highly endemic areas. (who.int)
Morbidity11
  • The infection is prevalent in Kenya, especially in endemic areas, contributing to significant morbidity. (hindawi.com)
  • 8 ] speculated that IL-10 is important in regulating the human immune response to Schistosoma mansoni infection and that it is the main cytokine that plays part in the control of morbidity. (hindawi.com)
  • Clearance of infections and resolution of morbidity were subsequently studied in two phases following systematic anti-STI and anti-schistosoma treatment, respectively. (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • Here, we investigated the relationship between mixed Schistosoma infections and morbidity in the same population. (itg.be)
  • Schistosoma-specific morbidity was assessed by ultrasound according to WHO guidelines. (itg.be)
  • Schistosoma haematobium-specific bladder morbidity was observed in 83% and S. mansoni-specific hepatic fibrosis in 27% of the participants. (itg.be)
  • Bladder morbidity was positively associated with S. haematobium infection intensity (OR = 1.9 (95% CI 1.3-2.9) for a 10-fold increase in intensity). (itg.be)
  • CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first population-wide study on the relationship between mixed Schistosoma infections and morbidity. (itg.be)
  • They even tended to reduce the risk of S. haematobium-associated morbidity, suggesting a protective effect of S. mansoni infection on bladder morbidity. (itg.be)
  • This dosage has been largely used in mass drug administration (MDA) programmes in endemic countries to reduce the morbidity of the disease [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present study assessed Schistosoma haematobium and STH infection and morbidity patterns among school children in a hyper-endemic focus in the Tana River delta of coastal Kenya. (ac.ke)
Snails3
Genus5
  • Unbeknown to von Hemsbach, a German zoologist David Friedrich Weinland established a new genus Schistosoma in 1858. (wikipedia.org)
  • One of the most important of these diseases is schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, a disease caused by the genus Schistosoma. (medbullets.com)
  • The genus of this trematode is Schistosoma, and the species is haematobium. (blogspot.com)
  • Schistosomiasis (also called bilharzia) is a vector- borne disease caused by trematoda flat worms of the genus Schistosoma. (researchkey.net)
  • Schistosomiasis is a disease of great medical and veterinary importance in tropical and subtropical regions, caused by parasitic flatworms of the genus Schistosoma (subclass Digenea). (typeset.io)
Caused by Schistosoma mansoni2
Species13
  • The hybrid S haematobium - S guineenis species from 1996 in Cameroon. (medscape.com)
  • S haematobium , x S bovis , x S curassoni , and x S mattheei are other such species of cattle origin. (medscape.com)
  • harzial species have also been blamed for Her husband and her 4 sons complained genital organ diseases in the areas where of urinary schistosomiasis and were on they are endemic, producing comparable treatment, while her 4 daughters were symptoms [ 7,8 ]. (who.int)
  • Although, several drugs have been found to be efficacious against all five species of Schistosoma [ 3 ], praziquantel has been the most widely used. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A recent study in two neighboring co-endemic communities in Senegal indicated that infection intensities of both species were higher in mixed than in single infections. (itg.be)
  • The parasites are frequently co-endemic and many individuals are co-infected with two or more of the species, but information on how the parasites interact in co-infected individuals is scarce. (ac.ke)
  • Schistosoma mansoni is one of the most widespread species, and its routine diag- nosis is based on microscopic detection of parasite eggs in stool samples. (cdc.gov)
  • Patients infected chronically with one of the intestinal species of schistosoma may present with intermittent abdominal pain, diarrhea, and hematochezia. (appliedradiology.com)
  • In this article, nuclear and mitochondrial markers revealed unexpected natural interactions between a bovine and human Schistosoma species: S. bovis and S. haematobium. (typeset.io)
  • Hybrid schistosomes recovered from the urine and faeces of children and the intermediate snail hosts of both parental species, Bulinus truncatus and B. globosus, presented a nuclear ITS rRNA sequence identical to S. haematobium, while the partial mitochondrial cox1 sequence was identified as S. bovis. (typeset.io)
  • The data provide indisputable evidence for the occurrence of bidirectional introgressive hybridization between a bovine and a human Schistosoma species. (typeset.io)
  • the other Schistosoma species cause intestinal disease. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Transmission of these species does not occur within the United States (including Puerto Rico) and Canada, but the disease may be present in travelers and immigrants from endemic areas. (merckmanuals.com)
Female Genital Schistosomiasis2
Parasites9
  • Along with other helminth parasites Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini, S. haematobium was declared as Group 1 (extensively proven) carcinogens by the WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans in 2009. (wikipedia.org)
  • Characterization of Schistosoma parasites detected in 14-year-old migrant boy from Côte d'Ivoire in France, 2017. (cdc.gov)
  • A) Co-detection of terminal-spined schistosome eggs (typical of Schistosoma haematobium parasites) and lateral-spined schistosome eggs (typical. (cdc.gov)
  • We detected lateral-spined eggs (typical of S. mansoni parasites) in a fecal specimen processed by using the Kato-Katz method and, surprisingly, lateral-spined eggs and terminal-spined eggs (typical of Schistosoma haematobium parasites) in a 24-hour urine specimen filtered through a 12-micron membrane ( Figure , panel A). The patient received a single 40 mg/kg dose of praziquantel. (cdc.gov)
  • Polyparasitism with intestinal parasites and schistosomiasis is now globally recognized be the norm for many residents of parasite endemic regions and particularly among children of school age [ 1 2 3 4 ]. (ispub.com)
  • Intestinal parasitic infections caused by protozoans and helminths are globally endemic and have been described as constituting the greatest single worldwide cause of illness and disease [ 5 6 ], in fact about one third of the world, more than two billion people, are infected with intestinal parasites [ 6 ]. (ispub.com)
  • Schistosoma parasites can penetrate the skin of persons who are wading, swimming, bathing, or washing in contaminated water. (farinelliandthekingbroadway.com)
  • Although the serum was reported as antibody negative and the stool exam as no parasites found, the urine exam revealed eggs of Schistosoma haematobium . (cdc.gov)
  • In this project thesis, we propose to study (i) the immunopathological impacts of Schistosoma-Plasmodium coinfection in a murine model, (ii) the impact of coinfection on each parasite evolutionary development and their compatibility with subsequent hosts, (iii) the effect of new molecules against both parasites in an unprecedented coinfection approach. (franceetcroissant.com)
Eggs7
  • Moreover, the cox 1 haplotypes of these eggs were either specific to S. haematobium (GenBank accession no. (cdc.gov)
  • The eggs from human excreta and urine have been found in endemic water supplies. (medscape.com)
  • Schistosomiasis is due to immunologic reactions to Schistosoma eggs trapped in tissues. (medscape.com)
  • In the second case, a 15 year old male presented with LUTS for a 1 year duration and was diagnosed to have schistosomiasis after eggs of Schistosoma haematobium were found in his urine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Images of eggs from the blood fluke S. haematobium present in urine of an infected patient could be interpreted visually and by computer vision. (afribary.com)
  • Schistosoma mansoni eggs are large (114 to 180 µm long by 45-70 µm wide) and have a characteristic shape, with a prominent lateral spine near the posterior end. (farinelliandthekingbroadway.com)
  • 2008) With predictions to colonize the lower pelvic venous system, especially the vesical plexus , eggs of S.haematobium are typically voided in urine and detected by urine microscopy ( Stothard et al ,2014). (researchkey.net)
Praziquantel5
Hematuria4
  • Described from 2008 and published in a case report in 2019, a 14-year-old schoolboy from a Paris suburb visiting the Ivory Coast, his parents' native country, was found with hematuria and S haematobium-S mansoni hybrid infection. (medscape.com)
  • In our study population, patients presenting hematuria were likely to have S. haematobium . (springeropen.com)
  • Schistosoma haematobium , a parasitic fluke that causes significant disease in Africa (and, to a lesser extent, in India and parts of the Middle East), can invade the urinary tract, causing hematuria. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Patients with a chronic infection caused by S haematobium most commonly present with hematuria, dysuria, urinary frequency, and suprapubic discomfort. (appliedradiology.com)
Microscopy5
  • Laboratory analysis for P. falciparum malaria infection (thick blood smear and rapid test) and S. haematobium infection (urine microscopy) was performed and treatment was provided to infected children. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Diagnosis of schistosomiasis depends mainly on stool or urine microscopy for Schistosoma egg detection as well as immunoassays. (springeropen.com)
  • Following a baseline study, S. haematobium egg load was determined using the urine filtration technique and microscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • METHODS: Schistosoma infection was assessed by microscopy. (itg.be)
  • With the proliferation of raspberry pi micro controller, data transfer networks and digital microscopy applications the stage is set for alternatives to conventional microscopy in endemic areas. (afribary.com)
Areas17
  • In endemic areas, most infected people have the asymptomatic intestinal form detected during the chronic phase of infection [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Preventing or reducing the risk of FGS and genital lesions will lead to improved reproductive health among in women living in schistosomiasis endemic areas. (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • In Burkina Faso, S. mansoni infection was endemic in the western and southern areas of the country with a focal distribution before the implementation of the national schistosomiasis control program (NSCP) in 2004 (21). (researchsquare.com)
  • The results add to the use of these antigens for serodiagnosis of schistosomiasis in endemic areas. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Keep in mind that in Schistosoma haematobium endemic areas, genital symptoms may also be due to, or associated with, genitourinary schistosomiasis (see Schistosomiasis , Chapter 6). (msf.org)
  • BACKGROUND: The global distribution map of schistosomiasis shows a large overlap of Schistosoma haematobium- and S. mansoni-endemic areas in Africa. (itg.be)
  • These unexpected results may have important consequences for schistosomiasis control in co-endemic areas and warrant further investigation. (itg.be)
  • The reliance on a single drug to treat a disease with such a huge burden has raised concerns of possible drug resistance mainly in endemic areas. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We compared several standard and novel diagnostic tools in S. mekongi -endemic areas. (biomedcentral.com)
  • S. intercalatum is endemic along part of Congo River and S. guineensis is found in lower Guinea on the African continent, while S. mekongi exists in limited areas near the border between Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) and Cambodia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endemic in 53 countries in the Middle East and Africa, S. haematobium is largely found in rural areas, but urban urinary schistosomiasis is increasing in many countries. (blogspot.com)
  • In schistosomiasis endemic areas of South Africa, genital grainy sandy patches and abnormal blood vessels are found more commonly in women who harbour live Schistosoma haematobium worms whilst homogenous yellow patches indicate chronic tissue damage due to dead ova. (brightresearch.org)
  • Detection of Schistosoma DNA in genital specimens and urine: A comparison between five female African study populations originating from S. haematobium and/or S. mansoni endemic areas. (brightresearch.org)
  • The current reference test for the detection of S. mansoni in endemic areas is stool micros- copy based on one or more Kato-Katz stool smears. (cdc.gov)
  • In parasite endemic areas, bacterial and parasitic co-infections may occur, however in Saint-Louis region which is a Schistosoma-endemic area, little is known about this association. (academicjournals.org)
  • S. mansoni is also frequently recovered from wild primates in endemic areas but is considered primarily a human parasite and not a zoonosis. (farinelliandthekingbroadway.com)
  • Laboratory diagnosis are inadequate consequently, for women of reproductive age living in areas endemic for S. haematobium , FGS remains highly prevalent and under- diagnosed due to low index of suspicion among health-care professionals. (researchkey.net)
Prevalent2
Worms3
  • After suprapubic aspiration, the cause of the obstructive uropathy was found to be several mature live worms of Schistosoma haematobium . (biomedcentral.com)
  • A suprapubic puncture was done with extraction of several live worms which were confirmed to be S. haematobium in the laboratory (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the developing world, over 207 million people are infected with parasitic Schistosoma worms. (cdc.gov)
Diagnosis2
  • Is PCR the Next Reference Standard for the Diagnosis of Schistosoma in Stool? (cdc.gov)
  • Background: Due to the mobility of the population in recent years and the spread of Chagas disease (CD) to non-endemic regions, early diagnosis and treatment of CD has become increasingly relevant in non-endemic countries. (isciii.es)
Trematode1
Kenya1
  • Evaluation of the Health-related Quality of Life of Children in Schistosoma Haematobium-endemic Communities in Kenya: a Cross-sectional Study. (ac.ke)
Detection2
  • This cross-sectional study was performed for detection of S. haematobium for patients attending the Outpatient Clinic of Sohag University Hospital from August 2016 to July 2018, who had suggestive symptoms, previous history of urine schistosomiasis, or history of contact with water canals, or received Schistosoma treatment and were coming from endemic regions. (springeropen.com)
  • However, detection of specific antibodies in a person native to an area where the parasite is endemic may reflect only a past infection unrelated to current clinical status. (cdc.gov)
Chronic1
Asymptomatic2
  • Similarly, infection with S. haematobium does not always result in clinical disease, and many infections are asymptomatic, S. haematobium infection however could cause haematuria, dysuria, nutritional deficiencies, lesion of the bladder, kidney failure, and an elevated risk of bladder cancer [ 18 ]. (ispub.com)
  • At recruitment, whole blood was collected into Paxgene tubes from a subset of children for transcriptional profiling among uninfected (n = 12), S. haematobium infected (n = 16), malaria infected (asymptomatic, n = 8) or coinfected (n = 13) children. (biomedcentral.com)
Cases of schistosomiasis1
Infections5
  • Of the 300 children screened, 32(10.7%) had intestinal parasitic infections while 41(13.6%) of the children were infected with S. haematobium . (ispub.com)
  • Yet, little is known about the consequences of mixed Schistosoma infections for the human host. (itg.be)
  • In the region of Saint-Louis, the urinary tract infections are dominated by bacterial infections including mainly E. coli and Klebsiella spp and may, for lesser extent, be caused by Schistosoma haematobium and Trichomonas vaginalis . (academicjournals.org)
  • Schistosoma mansoni, nematode infections, and progression to active tuberculosis among HIV-1-infected Ugandans. (farinelliandthekingbroadway.com)
  • S. haematobium primarily affects the urinary system, leading to urinary tract infections, and bladder cancer, and can cause blood in the urine. (who.int)
Schistosomiasis control1
Bilharzia2
Stool1
  • This explorative descriptive study compares Schistosoma real-time PCR analysis of cervico-vaginal lavages (CVL) with corresponding urine and stool samples of 933 women from five different previously described study populations. (brightresearch.org)
Malaria3
  • In epidemiological studies, many data are conflicting with some reporting protective effects against malaria for Ascaris lumbricoides and Schistosoma haematobium while infection with hookworm or S. mansoni may increase the incidence of malaria and worsen pathology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Analysis of the microarray data revealed monoinfection with either S. haematobium or malaria resulted in relatively insignificant changes to the transcriptome relative to healthy controls at the 10% false discovery level. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Confirmatory experiments are underway to confirm these intriguing insights into the immunomodulatory effect of S. haematobium on P. falciparum malaria in a key population for public health intervention. (biomedcentral.com)
Adult2
Urogenital schistosomiasis1
Bovis2
  • With changes in the Senegal river basin and dams built on it, in 2009, S haematobium-S bovis hybrids were found in Senegal. (medscape.com)
  • Observations on natural and experimental interactions between Schistosoma bovis and S. curassoni from West Africa. (typeset.io)
Symptoms1
  • However, the endemic country, because everything except palms, and symptoms of an infection can be ulcerative involvement occurs in 655,000 deaths. (shipraded.org)
Urinary tract1
  • Thus, the evaluation of the impact bacterial and parasitic co-infection in the urinary tract should have a particular interest especially in Schistosoma endemic area and need further study to better understand the potential interactions. (academicjournals.org)
Coinfection1
  • 2016). Current research on Schistosoma-Plasmodium coinfection has often produced contrasting results with some reports contending that Schistosoma infection can increase susceptibility to Plasmodium (Florey et al. (franceetcroissant.com)
19911
  • Idris, MA 1991, ' Diagnostic Mr 31/32000 proteins of Schistosoma mansoni (Sm31/32) and S. haematobium (Sh31/32): Stability and reaction conditions for prospective field tests ', Journal of Helminthology , vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 89-94. (elsevierpure.com)
Abdominal1
  • Abdominal examination revealed a firm, fects the urinary system, involvement of smooth and partly fixed central pelvic ab- the genital organs is not unusual in endemic dominal mass of about 16 weeks gestation zones, occurring via the vascular anasto- size. (who.int)
Blood2
  • S. haematobium was the first blood fluke discovered. (wikipedia.org)
  • He named it Distomum haematobium, for its apparent two mouths (now called ventral and oral suckers) and habitat of the blood vessel. (wikipedia.org)
Nematode2
Specimen1
  • The serum specimen was submitted to CDC for blind retesting and was immunoblot positive for S. haematobium and immunoblot negative for S. mansoni . (cdc.gov)
Found2
  • No case of S. haematobium infection was found. (researchsquare.com)
  • 11%). Regarding S. haematobium, it was found to be associated with E. coli in 7 samples and Klebsiella spp. (academicjournals.org)
Findings2
  • Findings indicate that FGS is a hitherto under-diagnosed illness of young women in endemic poor tropical countries, deserving further attention. (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • However, findings on efficacy of repeated doses in co-infection of S. mansoni and S. haematobium were not conclusive. (biomedcentral.com)