Endemic and sporadic. Medical search. Frequent questions

Endemic to West Africa and South America, arenaviral haemorrhagic fevers, such as Lassa fever (LF), are on the priority list of the World Health Organisation (WHO) as diseases requiring urgent research and development measures. (nottingham.ac.uk)
The report says there is a real possibility that Ebola will become endemic in West Africa, creating a risk of ongoing, sporadic local flare-ups. (superdoctors.com)
Particularly in view of the apparent decline in BU incidence in regions of West Africa, awareness and knowledge of BU in endemic regions must be retained to ensure a continuous monitoring and control. (dovepress.com)
Lassa fever is endemic in West Africa and has been reported from Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, and Nigeria. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
Lassa fe- Lassa virus in many more districts and states in en- ver is endemic in West Africa and has been reported demic countries of the West African sub-region and from Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, and Nigeria4-7. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
Hepatitis B is highly endemic in West Africa with a prevalence of 8%, the highest in the world. (who.int)
Hepatitis A infection is estimated to be high in all Member States of the Region.1 Although not well documented, hepatitis D is endemic in the Region especially in Central and West Africa. (who.int)

In the 1950s, an endemic form of KS was reported to be one of the most common neoplasms observed in central Africa, affecting men, women, and children. (medscape.com)
however, sporadic cases have been described in India, South Africa, and South America ( 526 - 535 ). (cdc.gov)
FMD occurs on a regular basis (i.e. is endemic) in most of the countries in Asia and Africa and parts of South America, while North America, Australia, and Europe are disease free. (usda.gov)
Monkeypox has been endemic in central and western Africa since its discovery in humans in 1970. (asahq.org)
Sporadic cases of patients with hMPX have been identified in central Africa since the discovery of the first cases in the early 1970s in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Western African countries. (go.jp)
Human monkeypox (hMPX), a smallpox-like disease caused by infection with the monkeypox virus (MPXV), is endemic to Central and Western Africa. (go.jp)
Classic Burkitt lymphoma is endemic in central Africa and constitutes 30% of childhood lymphomas in the US. (msdmanuals.com)
The form endemic to Africa often manifests as enlargement of the jaw or facial bones. (msdmanuals.com)
The primary scientific goals addressed by EMBLEM include: a) molecular characterization of African BL cases in the context of BL occurring outside Africa to determine whether BL is better defined by clinical epidemiological labels (e.g., endemic versus sporadic) or biological factors (e.g. (cancer.gov)
While only single, sporadic BU cases have been reported from regions, where the ancestral lineage of M. ulcerans is prevalent, strains of the classical lineage account for infection foci in Africa and Australia with often very high incidences. (dovepress.com)
Trends in the underlying drivers of EVD risk suggest a 1.75 to 3.2-fold increase in the endemic rate of animal-human viral spill-overs in Africa by 2070, given current modes of healthcare intervention. (nature.com)
In an article in Eurosurveillance , A. Melidou writes that the A(H5N1) influenza virus has re-emerged in 2003 in Asia, Africa, the Pacific Region as well as Europe and since then has become endemic in some countries. (thepoultrysite.com)
Asia, Africa and Mexico, where HEV is mine the prevalence of HEV infection (anti- considered endemic. (who.int)

In another example, the South Asian country of Bangladesh experienced sporadic cases of dengue fever, a mosquito-borne disease, from its first outbreak in 1964 until 1999. (wikipedia.org)

In epidemiology, a sporadic disease is an infectious disease which occurs only infrequently, haphazardly, irregularly, or occasionally, from time to time in a few isolated places, with no discernible temporal or spatial pattern, as opposed to a recognizable epidemic outbreak or endemic pattern. (wikipedia.org)
However, if the conditions are favorable for its spread (pathogenicity, susceptibility of hosts, contact rate of individuals, population density, number of vaccinated or naturally immune individuals, etc.), a sporadic disease may become the starting point of an epidemic. (wikipedia.org)
For example, in developed countries, shigellosis (bacillary dysentery) is normally considered a sporadic disease, but in overcrowded places with poor sanitation and poor personal hygiene, it may become epidemic. (wikipedia.org)
Riley considers the differentiation of a disease occurrence as either endemic or epidemic to be not really meaningful. (wikipedia.org)
According to Riley, since most so-called sporadic occurrences of an endemic disease are actually small epidemics, rapid public health interventions against such occurrences can be made in the same way as they are done for recognized acute epidemics (i.e. epidemic in the traditional sense). (wikipedia.org)
Sporadic cases have been reported from many parts of the world where it has an epidemic potential with high-rate fatality cases. (openarchives.gr)

Sporadic seasonal epidemics will continue to occur in various regions of the country when weather and environmental conditions are most suitable. (osu.edu)
Recent increased frequency of outbreaks in Nigeria of Lassa virus (LASV) has emphasised that these viruses should no longer be treated as causes of sporadic epidemics. (nottingham.ac.uk)

In developed countries the disease is rarer, with sporadic cases in travelers returning from endemic areas. (pasteur.fr)

In areas where amoebiasis is endemic, WHO also recommends treating asymptomatic carriers with contact agents to reduce the risk of transmission. (pasteur.fr)
Systemic mycoses in healthy individuals are more common in endemic areas than elsewhere, and they are often asymptomatic and may spontaneously resolve. (medscape.com)
In two independent prospective observational studies, we investigated the impact of naturally acquired endemic asymptomatic C. pecorum infections on neonatal health, fertility and milk production in dairy cows. (auburn.edu)

Sporadic plague outbreaks have occurred in Zambia since 1917. (cdc.gov)

Our findings of very high plasma anti-C. pecorum IgM antibody concentrations in all calves and cows enrolled in the studies, and the simultaneous prevalence of multiple strains of C. pecorum suggest a high, steady-state endemic C. pecorum infection. (auburn.edu)

An isolated outbreak was recorded in the UK whereas outbreaks of the disease were confirmed in four U.S. states, where equine influenza is considered endemic. (thehorse.com)

Intracellular Chlamydia (C.) bacteria cause in cattle some acute but rare diseases such as abortion, sporadic bovine encephalomyelitis, kerato-conjunctivitis, pneumonia, enteritis and polyarthritis. (auburn.edu)
In countries where the HEV IgG positive status) among children virus is endemic, HEV is associated with and young adults aged 2-25 years in rural greater than 50% of cases of sporadic acute and urban areas of one city in the Islamic hepatitis. (who.int)
The study group was have demonstrated that 59.0% and 11.7% of 1080 apparently healthy children and young cases of acute sporadic hepatitis cared for in adults aged 2-25 years. (who.int)

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive B-cell malignancy with endemic, sporadic and immunodeficiency-associated variants. (bmj.com)
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) can be classified into three forms which differ in geographic distribution and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) association: endemic (eBL), sporadic (sBL) and HIV-associated BL ( table 1 ). (bmj.com)
Using sporadic Burkitt lymphoma as our principle disease, we are studying the genetic, transcriptomic and clonal changes which occur in response to therapeutic pressure within patient-derived xenograft models. (ncl.ac.uk)
In sporadic (non-African) Burkitt lymphoma , abdominal disease predominates, often arising in the region of the ileocecal valve or the mesentery. (msdmanuals.com)

Endemic measles activity persists across the European, African, Southeast Asian and Western Pacific regions Footnote 3 . (canada.ca)
While endemic transmission has not been re-established in Canada, the possibility of importation of measles into the country remains, as a result of population exchange with endemic countries or countries experiencing measles outbreaks. (canada.ca)
Measles is endemic in Singapore with the majority of cases being sporadic and in unvaccinated persons. (who.int)

Shigellosis was a sporadic disease in South Korea for many years, until 1998. (wikipedia.org)
Molecular epidemiologist Lee Riley claims that most sporadic infections are actually part of unrecognized outbreaks, and that what appears to be endemic disease (from a traditional population-based epidemiology approach) actually consists of multiple small outbreaks (from a molecular epidemiology approach) in which seemingly unrelated (i.e., sporadic cases) are in reality epidemiologically related, because they belong to the same genotype of an infectious agent. (wikipedia.org)
In resolution WHA57.2, the Fifty-seventh World Health Assembly expressed its concern at the resurgence of human African trypanosomiasis, and welcomed the political commitment of government leaders to combat the disease in countries where it was endemic and recent initiatives and public- private partnerships to control the disease. (who.int)
Representatives of countries where the disease is endemic met at an informal consultation on sustainable control of human African trypanosomiasis (Geneva, 1-3 May 2007) and concluded that sustainable control was feasible only when surveillance and control activities were integrated into reinforced health systems. (who.int)
Countries where the disease is endemic need support for surveillance and control activities. (who.int)
As an unreported, sporadic disease, its incidence is difficult to estimate. (medscape.com)
OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to confirm the endemic nature of a new type of autoimmune disease occurring in a mining town in northeastern Colombia in the El Bagre area, to characterize it, and to compare it with other forms of endemic pemphigus. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
RESULTS: Our work revealed that this disease is endemic in rural areas surrounding El Bagre. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
A cost-effective estimation of the number of free-roaming dogs is an essential prerequisite for the control of rabies in countries where the disease is endemic, as vaccination of at least 70% of the population is recommended to effectively control the disease. (frontiersin.org)
Free-roaming dogs (FRD) are a serious public health problem in most urban societies of the developing world ( 1 - 3 ) and play an important role in the spread of dog-bite related rabies in countries where the disease is endemic ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
Although Canada appears to be on track to meet its disease-reduction target, information on endemic transmission is not available. (canada.ca)
Despite the fact that CL is zoonotic disease, considerable difference exists between epidemiological data regarding HVL and CL with the former occurring as sporadic cases only as opposed to the later. (vin.com)
A sporadic disease appears occasionally. (thecanadianencyclopedia.ca)
Chronic oral ulceration, chronic maxillary sinus infection, or bizarre mouth lesions, especially in patients with HIV disease, those with lymphoproliferative disorders, persons with diabetes mellitus, or those who have been in endemic areas, may suggest the diagnosis and patients should be treated in consultation with a physician with appropriate expertise. (medscape.com)
BACKGROUND: Human plague cases are reported annually in the central highland regions of Madagascar, where the disease is endemic. (bvsalud.org)

I'd like to welcome you to today's COCA Call, Algorithms for Diagnosing the Endemic Mycoses, Blastomycosis, Coccidioidomycosis, and Histoplasmosis. (cdc.gov)

We have partnered with Lassa virus epidemiologists and virologists, Professor Danny Asogun and Dr Deborah Ehichioya, at the Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH) and Ambrose Alli University (AAU) in Nigeria to link the biomedical investigation with social engagement and communication to tackle the spread of the highly fatal arenavirus, Lassa (LASV), in endemic regions in Nigeria. (nottingham.ac.uk)

In another example, World Health Organization defines malaria to be sporadic when autochthonous cases (i.e. between two individuals in the same place) are too few and scattered to have any appreciable effect on the community. (wikipedia.org)

There have been sporadic reports of infections in pet cats in COVID-households, which demonstrates that cats are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and could act as virus reservoirs. (gla.ac.uk)

Currently being described three clinical variants, classified as endemic, sporadic and associated with immunodeficiency. (bvsalud.org)

A novel variant of endemic pemphigus foliaceus (EPF) was described among individuals in an area surrounding El Bagre, Colombia, South America. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)

Some of these diverse viruses have different properties that may contribute to sporadic spread beyond their recognized occurrence areas. (usda.gov)
Though MNG can be sporadic, there is a strong correlation between occurrence of MNG and iodine deficiency. (intechopen.com)

In the United States, tetanus, rabies, and plague are considered examples of sporadic diseases. (wikipedia.org)
BACKGROUND: Endemic forms of pemphigus are a unique group of autoimmune diseases that represent opportunities to study interactions of the environment and genetics with the immune system. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
In non-endemic areas, melioidosis may be misdiagnosed with common diseases and this may prove fatal. (openarchives.gr)

During the current year, sporadic human infections have occurred only in Egypt, China and Vietnam. (thepoultrysite.com)

Countries with diphtheria vaccine coverage similar to Canada's report sporadic toxigenic respiratory diphtheria mostly associated with travel to endemic countries Footnote 2 Footnote 5 Footnote 9 Footnote 10 . (canada.ca)

It is endemic to certain populations and regions especially those with iodine deficiency. (intechopen.com)
According to the health professionals in the two districts, populations in endemic areas are well aware of the plague. (bvsalud.org)

Livestock fecal pollution these areas have a predominantly agricultural and tourism- of water sources appears to be the leading cause of human based economy and a population of approximately sporadic cryptosporidiosis in this population and shows the 160,000. (cdc.gov)
Some lineages have different properties that may contribute to sporadic spread beyond their recognized endemic areas. (usda.gov)
[ 2 ] those with lymphoproliferative disorders, persons with diabetes mellitus, or those who have been in endemic areas, may suggest the diagnosis and patients should be treated in consultation with a physician with appropriate expertise. (medscape.com)
Furthermore, hMPX in endemic areas should be prevented through mass vaccination programs with third-generation vaccines for those living in these regions. (go.jp)
In endemic areas, many veterinary practitioners usually consider that canine leishmaniosis has to be ruled out before any further diagnostic investigation is attempted, in many canine patients regardless the history and clinical data. (vin.com)
Sporadic human cases or outbreaks can occur annually in these areas. (bvsalud.org)

The clinical case definition above is appropriate for endemic or sporadic cases. (cdc.gov)

about one-third of those cases (18,101) were reported in the U.S. Not including previously endemic regions, 82 countries worldwide have reported cases, prompting the World Health Organization to declare monkeypox an " evolving threat of moderate public health concern" on June 23, 2022. (asahq.org)

Mass vaccination of FRD against rabies has been advocated as a practical and effective intervention to prevent dog-bite related rabies in countries where it is endemic ( 4 , 7 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)

BACKGROUND: Plague is endemic to the central highlands of Madagascar. (bvsalud.org)
BACKGROUND: Human plague cases, mainly in the bubonic form, occur annually in endemic regions of the central highlands of Madagascar. (bvsalud.org)

In India, where FMD is endemic, the most important event was the re-emergence of lineage O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 in 2008. (usda.gov)
Sporadic cases of melioidosis are mistaken for tuberculosis in India. (openarchives.gr)

There is an interesting infectious variant, termed endemic pemphigus foliaceus or fogo selavagem. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)

In phytogeography , distributed in several regions: so used specifically by A. P. de Candolle (French sporadique ), in contrast with endemic , of plant genera whose species are thus distributed. (wordnik.com)
Although there is decreased credibility in respect of the methods used in the above surveys, associated with various parameters such as sampling procedures, specificity and interpretation of the method, there is no doubt that CL is endemic in the Mediterranean Basin with its frequency declining from coastal to continental regions, as climate variations influence the distribution and density of sand fly vector. (vin.com)

Eliminating endemic corruption requires sustained systemic change. (strategypage.com)

Endemic EBV-associated BL has an incidence of 5-10/100 000 children and accounts for up to 74% of childhood malignancies in the African equatorial belt. (bmj.com)

and a "sporadic" variant, which most frequently occurs in young adults. (cancernetwork.com)

Echinacea is a genus of seven species all endemic to eastern and central North America. (missouribotanicalgarden.org)

To defeat Boko Haram, Buhari argued, Nigeria must also wage war on its own endemic graft. (strategypage.com)
The immense public health and socio-economic impact of these outbreaks in Nigeria and other endemic countries is further exacerbated by the lack of vaccines and effective treatments. (nottingham.ac.uk)

However, due to infrequent and/or sporadic implementation, these methods have had little impact on the population size of FRD ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Epidemiological surveys, based on various methods, have demonstrated a seroprevalence range between 1 and 50% in canine population living in endemic countries for leishmaniosis. (vin.com)

Sporadic outbreaks typically originate from contact with wildlife reservoirs (rodents and primates) with subsequent spread to humans by close contact. (asahq.org)

Although Zika virus is likely endemic and transmission is thought to be sporadic, the government of Vietnam is diligently implementing all necessary precautions to increase Zika surveillance and prevention efforts. (cdc.gov)

Human African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense remains endemic in 24 countries. (who.int)
Endemic (African), sporadic (non-African), and immunodeficiency-related forms exist. (msdmanuals.com)

It is likely that SARS-CoV-2 will establish as an endemic virus of humans, which has the potential to lead to reverse zoonotic infections in animals that live close to humans. (gla.ac.uk)

are capable of producing endemic political violence of a sort not seen in this country since Reconstruction. (kmuw.org)
Because without that, I think that there's a level of distrust that is not only unfortunate for the politics in this country, but will also provide a basis for sporadic but endemic violence in this country. (kmuw.org)
Canine leishmaniosis is endemic in all countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea, regardless the sanitary conditions and economic development of the country. (vin.com)

Fifty control subjects and fifty EPF patients in the endemic area were examined for the presence of mercury in skin biopsies and hair, using autometallographic and mass spectroscopic analyses, respectively. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)

A unique form of endemic pemphigus in northern Colombia. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)

The results from these studies suggest that that the etiology of sporadic BL may vary with age. (cancer.gov)

Although granuloma inguinale was previously endemic in Australia, it is now extremely rare ( 536 , 537 ). (cdc.gov)

But the forward element of the 1st Battalion 7th Marines has pushed into this troubled area and they have reported what they call sporadic fighting that has been taking place up there. (wordnik.com)

sporadic cases do not necessarily share a single specific common contaminated source. (wikipedia.org)

And so -- yeah, we met [at the Republican National Convention] and kind of kept in sporadic touch and then met up Christmas last year. (wordnik.com)

His presidential campaign focused on defeating Boko Haram and eliminating Nigeria's endemic political and economic corruption. (strategypage.com)

Melioidosis is endemic in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. (openarchives.gr)

Anatomy1

Organisms44

Diseases67

Chemicals and Drugs30

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes20

Disciplines and Occupations10

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science6

Named Groups1

Health Care32

Geographicals49

West Africa7

Africa13

Experienced sporadic cases1

Epidemic6

Epidemics2

Developed countries1

Asymptomatic3

Outbreaks have occurred1

Prevalence1

Outbreak1

Acute3

Burkitt4

Measles3

Disease15

Mycoses1

Lassa1

Malaria1

Infection1

Variants1

South America1

Occurrence2

Diseases3

Infections have occurred1

Canada's1

Populations2

Areas6

Clinical1

Monkeypox1

Mass vaccination1

Plague2

India2

Infectious1

Regions2

Systemic1

Incidence1

Adults1

Central1

Nigeria2

METHODS2

Typically1

Transmission1

African2

Virus1

Country3

Patients1

Form1

Suggest1

Previously1

Area1

Common1

Year1

Political1

Australia1