Embryonic transcription nuclear clone cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

After fertilization in mammals, DNA methylation patterns are largely erased and then re-established during early embryonic development. (wikipedia.org)
These profiles suggest a role in gametogenesis, fertilization, or early embryonic development. (appliedbioinfo.com)
2006). The zinc finger transcription factor 191 is required for early embryonic development and cell proliferation. (geneticsmr.com)
Christians E., Rao V.H., Renard J.P., Sequential acquisition of transcriptional control during early embryonic development in the rabbit. (biologie-journal.org)

In vitro manipulation of pre-implantation embryos has been shown to disrupt methylation patterns at imprinted loci and plays a crucial role in cloned animals. (wikipedia.org)
SCNT allows generating ESCs (ntESC) from cloned embryos obtained through injection of a somatic nucleus into an enucleated oocyte. (hiv-proteases.com)
Animals (or embryos) composed of cells of different genetic origin. (nationalacademies.org)
Cell lines derived from early embryos that have the potential to differentiate into all types of somatic cells as well as to form germ line cells, and hence whole animals, when injected into early embryos. (nationalacademies.org)
Depending on the source, stem cells can be classified into two broad categories i.e. embryonic stem cells that are derived from embryos and non-embryonic stem cells that are derived from adult and fetal tissues. (benthamscience.com)
Under such circumstances, the idea of "therapeutic cloning" was proposed, indicating the generation of ESCs from SCNT embryos for therapeutic purpose. (benthamscience.com)
However, the derivation of human NT-ESCs goes with the destruction of clone embryos, leading to fierce ethical disputes. (benthamscience.com)
Leeb, M. & Wutz, A. Derivation of haploid embryonic stem cells from mouse embryos. (nature.com)
Scientists have applied somatic cell nuclear transfer to clone human and mammalian embryos as a means to produce stem cells for laboratory and medical use. (asu.edu)
Patterns are ubiquitous in living systems and underlie the dynamic organization of cells, tissues, and embryos. (mpi-cbg.de)
But that's far enough to produce embryonic stem cells that can be harvested for research and medicine - without the ethical quandaries presented by taking stem cells from human embryos discarded in IVF. (chemistryworld.com)
After nuclear transfer, the researchers used a chemical stimulus to trigger growth of the embryos that developed to full term and produced live births. (chemistryworld.com)
Adenot P.G., Mercier Y., Renard J.P., Thompson E.M., Differential H4 acetylation of paternal, maternal chromatin precedes DNA replication, and differential transcriptional activity in pronuclei of 1-cell mouse embryos. (biologie-journal.org)
Bellier S., Chastant S., Adenot P., Vincent M., Renard J.P., Bensaude O., Nuclear translocation , and carboxyl-terminal domain phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II delineate the two phases of zygotic gene activation in mammalian embryos. (biologie-journal.org)
Giraldo A.M., Hylan D.A., Ballard C.B., Purpera M.N., Vaught T.D., Lynn J.W., Godke R.A., Bondioli K.R., Effect of epigenetic modifications of donor somatic cells on the subsequent chromatin remodeling of cloned bovine embryos. (biologie-journal.org)

We generated a series of stable clonal lines in mouse embryonic fibroblasts carrying NF-κB-GFP plasmid as a reporter. (uky.edu)
Based on these observations Yamanaka and colleagues screened 24 pluripotency transcription factors and demonstrated that over-expression of the reprogramming factors Oct4 Sox2 Klf4 and c-Myc (referred to as OSKM) is sufficient to create induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from mouse fibroblasts (Figure 1 (h)) 8. (hiv-proteases.com)
Mutant embryonic fibroblasts fail to respond to insulin-like growth factor I (IGF) by the IGF-I-induced increase in cell number observed in wild-type cells. (aacrjournals.org)
One isolate was passed 6 times in duck embryo fibroblasts, and the infected cells were then injected intramuscularly into 2 healthy Patagonian conures ( Cyanoliseus patagonis) . (cdc.gov)
Small molecules, identified by screening, have been used to switch differentiated cells directly from one tissue type to another - cardiac fibroblasts to muscle, say - both outside and inside the body. (chemistryworld.com)
Src mouse embryonic fibroblasts, provided by Kurt Ballmer, had been transfected with empty vector or a c Src expressing vec tor, and clones were selected. (liverxreceptor.com)
2008). Historically, this concept is highlighted by the experi- factors are key intrinsic regulators of these fate decisions and mental phenomenon of lineage reprogramming, for example, that fate choice involves modulating networks of transcription by the conversion of fibroblasts to muscles cells following trans- factors. (lu.se)

Other than the PGCs, in the post-implantation stage, methylation patterns in somatic cells are stage- and tissue-specific with changes that presumably define each individual cell type and last stably over a long time. (wikipedia.org)
By day seven after fertilization, the newly formed primordial germ cells (PGC) in the implanted embryo segregate from the remaining somatic cells. (wikipedia.org)
At this point the PGCs have about the same level of methylation as the somatic cells. (wikipedia.org)
The newly formed primordial germ cells (PGC) in the implanted embryo devolve from the somatic cells. (wikipedia.org)
It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)
SCNT and experiments involving fusions between PSCs and somatic cells (Figure 1 (g)) demonstrate that factors present in the egg and in PSCs have the ability to reset somatic nuclei to a pluripotent state 7. (hiv-proteases.com)
Comparative profiling of other tissues, including microdissected oocytes and somatic cells, revealed distinct gene classes and provided new insights into oogenesis and ovarian function, demonstrating the utility of our approach for tissue-specific gene discovery. (appliedbioinfo.com)
Dolly was the first mammal cloned from specialized adult (somatic) cells with the technique of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (asu.edu)
Somatic cells are cells that have gone through the differentiation process and are not germ cells. (asu.edu)
In reality, gene somatic cells to a pluripotent cell state by a handful of transcrip- expression is graded, making the potential gene expression tion factors (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006). (lu.se)

Deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor-1 (DEAF-1) is a transcription factor that was originally shown to bind the autoregulatory enhancer of the Deformed ( Dfd ) Hox gene, which is activated in embryonic head segments of Drosophila (Gross, 1996). (sdbonline.org)
To assess the role of an individual HDAC isoenzyme in physiology and tumor development, HDAC2-mutant mice were generated from a gene trap embryonic stem cell clone. (aacrjournals.org)
However, relatively little progress has been made in targeting kidney diseases due to poor gene delivery efficiency in renal cells. (bvsalud.org)
In vivo results shows that ZIKV-E induced efficient transduction in tubular epithelial cells in mouse kidneys, demonstrating more than 100-fold higher expression of exogenous GFP gene compared to that achieved by Vesicular stomatitis virus G protein pseudotyped lentiviral vector (VSV-G). The results also showed that the vector ZIKV-E transduced cells in a pH-independent manner and the transduction was inhibited by anti-ZIKV Env domain III antibodies. (bvsalud.org)
In all, this study successfully demonstrated a novel pseudotyped lentiviral vector ZIKV-E for inducing high transduction efficiency in renal tubular epithelial cells which could serve as a foundation for gene therapy for the treatment of inherited renal diseases in humans. (bvsalud.org)
Sry-related HMG-BOX gene 10, (SOX-10), a nuclear transcription factor that participates in neural crest development and in the specification and differentiation of cells of melanocytic lineage, has been recently shown to be a sensitive marker of melanoma. (thermofisher.com)
B-cell translocation gene 4, cullin 1, MCF.2 transforming sequence, a locus similar to snail soma ferritin, and three unidentified genes were, indeed, preferentially expressed in the oocyte, even though most were also highly expressed in testis. (appliedbioinfo.com)
B cell translocation gene 4 (BTG4) is a key adaptor of the CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex, which is involved in maternal mRNA decay in mice, but no human diseases caused by mutations in BTG4 have previously been reported. (appliedbioinfo.com)
Chemistry, robotics, signal transduction, gene regulation, reverse genetics and basic cell, developmental and molecular biology are key to identifying new hormonal signaling pathways. (uci.edu)
The capability of these cells to differentiate depends on the stem cell type, the regulation of gene expression by various transcription factors and interaction with the stem cell niche 1,4 . (biolegend.com)
Once the transcription factor binds to an enhancer region, this can cause stimulation or repression of gene transcription. (biolegend.com)
RUNX1 belongs to the runt domain family of transcription factors and regulates target gene expression through forming a heterodimeric DNA-binding complex with CBFB. (biolegend.com)
RUNX1 regulates CD4 gene transcription during multiple stages of T cell development and represses the CD4 gene in CD4-CD8- (double negative) T cells. (biolegend.com)
The encoded protein contains two different binding sites that are known to bind DNA and function as a regulator of gene transcription. (biolegend.com)
Methods for gene identification and analysis of gene structure: cloning, PCR, restriction mapping, in situ hybridisation, DNA sequencing. (lu.se)
Molecular mechanisms for regulation of gene expression at different levels: remodeling of chromatin, initiation of transcription, nuclear transport and signalling, and RNA interference. (lu.se)
Gene regulation in developmental biology and the cell cycle. (lu.se)
Various growth factors, cytokines, and prostaglandins upregulate HGF gene expression, including basic fibroblast growth factor, oncostatin M, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Via positional cloning, we show that mutations in a zebrafish LTCC encoding gene, cav1.3a , underlie the auditory-vestibular defects of gemini ( gem ) circler mutants. (jneurosci.org)
Braude P., Bolton V., Moore S., Human gene expression first occurs between the four- , and eight-cell stages of preimplantation development. (biologie-journal.org)
Francastel C., Magis W., Groudine M., Nuclear relocation of a transactivator subunit precedes target gene activation. (biologie-journal.org)
STAT6 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 6) is a member of the STAT family of cytoplasmic transcription factors, which regulate gene expression by transmitting signals to the nucleus and binding to specific DNA promoter sequences. (biocare.net)
Similarly, GATA-1 has been shown to induce lineage switching expression values even if, for simplicity, we assume only ``on'' of committed cells in hematopoiesis, first in cell lines (Kulessa and ``off'' states for each gene. (lu.se)

Aside from the promise of using hPSC-derived cells for cell replacement therapies there (+)-Corynoline is great potential of using hPSCs for modeling lineage decisions during differentiation and studying disease-relevant phenotypes that ENG are manifested at the cellular level. (hiv-proteases.com)
Among them embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are the classic example of a PSC 1-3 and they remain the gold standard to which newly derived PSC lines are typically compared molecularly through expression and epigenetic profiling and functionally by assessing their differentiation potential and (Table 1). (hiv-proteases.com)
Stem cells are not specialized and the process of their specialization is called differentiation. (benthamscience.com)
whereas LREC in suprabasal epithelial layers are enriched for more committed progenitor cells, expressing some genes that are associated with stem cell attributes along with those indicative of cell differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
This dictates cycles of mammary growth, differentiation, lactation, and regression, during which mammary stem cells (MaSC) provide for the lineages of luminal and basal (myoepithelial) epithelial cells in the ducts and alveoli. (frontiersin.org)
Deletion of HP1β, but not HP1α, in ESCs provokes a loss of the morphological and proliferative characteristics of embryonic pluripotent cells, reduces expression of pluripotency factors and causes aberrant differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
However, in differentiated cells, loss of HP1β has the opposite effect, perturbing maintenance of the differentiation state and facilitating reprogramming to an induced pluripotent state. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrate an unexpected duality in the role of HP1β: it is essential in ESCs for maintaining pluripotency, while it is required for proper differentiation in differentiated cells. (biomedcentral.com)
This unique duality makes them an attractive system for potential regenerative medicine and cell therapies, but also for differentiation studies in vitro and for modeling diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
The data concerning genetic and protein markers of thyroid stem cells, as well as markers of their thyroid differentiation, are systematized. (genescells.ru)
Physiological and pathological regulation of thyroid cell proliferation and differentiation by thyrotropin and other factors. (genescells.ru)
Derivation and differentiation of haploid human embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
Keith Henry Stockman Campbell studied embryo growth and cell differentiation during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in the UK. (asu.edu)
The hormones are primarily lipophilic molecules such as steroids, retinoids, and vitamin D3 - all potent regulators of cell differentiation and development. (uci.edu)
Our scientists have developed a wide array of stem cell-focused reagents and resources for many applications including flow cytometry , western blotting , ELISAs , and recombinant proteins for cell differentiation. (biolegend.com)
RUNX1 is also required for the differentiation of CD8+, Th17, and regulatory T cells. (biolegend.com)
These findings revealed that RUNX1 acts as a tumor suppressor for myeloid leukemia and is crucial for the development and terminal differentiation of several blood cell lineages 2,3 . (biolegend.com)
STAT3 protein belongs to a group of intracellular transcription factors that mediate a variety of functions such as cellular differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. (biolegend.com)
STAT signaling is critical for cellular processes such as embryonic development, immune tolerance and tumor surveillance, and regulation of cell differentiation, growth, and apoptosis. (biocare.net)
In the immune system, Eomes controls the differentiation of effector and memory CD8+ T cells, as well as natural killer (NK) cells. (thermofisher.com)
Stem and progenitor cell populations are often heterogeneous, which may reflect stem cell subsets that express subtly different properties, including different propensities for lineage selection upon differentiation, yet remain able to interconvert. (lu.se)
A key challenge is to understand how state, but must also afford flexibility in cell-fate choice to permit the different cell-fate options confronting stem and progenitor cell-type diversification and differentiation in response to cells are selected and coordinated such that adoption of a given intrinsic cues or extrinsic signals. (lu.se)
Evidence the fate of stem cells has broad ramifications for biomedical suggests that during development or differentiation, cells make science from elucidating the causes of cancer to the use of very precise transitions between apparently stable ``network stem cells in regenerative medicine. (lu.se)

Immunity genes are activated in the Drosophila fat body by Rel and GATA transcription factors. (sdbonline.org)
DEAF-1 activates the expression of Mtk and Drs promoter-luciferase fusion genes in S2 cells. (sdbonline.org)
DNA sequences in genes that interact with regulatory proteins (such as transcription factors) to determine the rate and timing of expression of the genes as well as the beginning and end of the transcript. (nationalacademies.org)
Although HMG proteins do not possess intrinsic transcriptional activity, they are called architectural transcription factors because they modulate the transcription of their target genes by altering the chromatin structure at the promoter and/or enhancers 15 . (nature.com)
Enriched expression of genes in LRECb was associated with stem cell attributes and identified WNT, TGF-β, and MAPK pathways of self renewal and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
To isolate bovine oocyte marker genes, we performed suppressive and subtractive hybridization between oocytes and somatic tissues (i.e., intestine, lung, muscle, and cumulus cells). (appliedbioinfo.com)
The subtracted library was characterized by sequencing 185 random clone inserts, representing 146 nonredundant genes. (appliedbioinfo.com)
To systematically discover ovarian fertility genes en masse, we employed a mouse model (Foxo3) in which follicles are assembled normally but then undergo synchronous activation. (appliedbioinfo.com)
Using our recently established haploid human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), we generated a genome-wide loss-of-function library targeting 18,166 protein-coding genes to define the essential genes in hPSCs. (nature.com)
hPSC-enriched essential genes mainly encode transcription factors and proteins related to cell-cycle and DNA-repair, revealing that a quarter of the nuclear factors are essential for normal growth. (nature.com)
Fig. 2: Analysis of cell-essential genes. (nature.com)
Cells become cancerous by accumulating, stepwise, a series of several mutations that alter the function of genes important for cell growth. (agemed.org)
These 'nuclear receptors' are ligand-modulated transcription factors that directly regulate the expression of target genes. (uci.edu)
Transcription factors are proteins that regulate the transcription of genes, or the production of mRNA from DNA. (biolegend.com)
The underphosphorylated, active form of Rb interacts directly with E2F1 , leading to cell cycle arrest, while the hyperphosphorylated form decouples from E2F1, thus promoting the transcription of genes promoting entry into the S phase. (biolegend.com)
J. Liu , Yang, X. Y. , and Shi, W. J. , " Identifying differentially expressed genes and pathways in two types of non-small cell lung cancer: adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma " , vol. 13, pp. 95-102, 2014. (geneticsmr.com)
1999). Molecular cloning of six novel Kruppel-like zinc finger genes from hematopoietic cells and identification of a novel transregulatory domain KRNB. (geneticsmr.com)
T-box genes encode transcription factors involved in the regulation of developmental processes. (thermofisher.com)
explosion further, consider that a fictitious small genome with 2002) More recently and more dramatically, the potential for 260 genes would host the same number of combinations as cell state conversions is exemplified by the reprogramming of the number of atoms in the visible universe! (lu.se)

Stem cells are emerging as an important source of material for diseases in regenerative medicine. (benthamscience.com)
The study of biology of stem cells is the hallmark of the recent emerging field of regenerative medicine and medical biotechnology. (benthamscience.com)
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a technology applied in cloning, stem cell research and regenerative medicine. (asu.edu)

Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)
El-Guendy, N & Sinai, AP 2008, ' Potential problems inherent in cell-based stable NF-κB-GFP reporter systems ', Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry , vol. 312, no. 1-2, pp. 147-155. (uky.edu)
use but also to our understanding of the molecular basis of cell identity pluripotency and plasticity. (hiv-proteases.com)
Figure 1 Sources of pluripotent Stem Cells Table 1 Molecular and functional assays to assess the developmental potential of PSCs. (hiv-proteases.com)
Defines both molecular clones and whole-animal clones. (nationalacademies.org)
Previous molecular characterizations of mammary stem cells (MaSC) have utilized fluorescence-activated cell sorting or in vitro cultivation of cells from enzymatically dissociated tissue to enrich for MaSC. (frontiersin.org)
Instead, we used laser microdissection to excise putative progenitor cells and control cells from their in situ locations in cryosections and characterized the molecular properties of these cells. (frontiersin.org)
Our results support the use of DNA label retention to identify MaSC and also provide a molecular profile and novel candidate markers for these cells. (frontiersin.org)
In recent years, many receptor-like molecules were identified by molecular cloning. (uci.edu)
Cloning new vertebrate receptors offers the opportunity to use molecular genetic techniques, biochemistry and genomic technology to identify new hormones important in embryonic development and adult physiology. (uci.edu)
Benzoates comprise a new molecular class of nuclear receptor ligand and their activity suggests that BXR may control a previously unsuspected vertebrate signaling pathway. (uci.edu)
As a transcription factor, Pax6 acts at the molecular level in the signaling and formation of the central nervous system 11 . (biolegend.com)
Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Journal of Molecular Cell Biology, IBCB, SIBS, CAS. (deepdyve.com)

In biology, reprogramming refers to erasure and remodeling of epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation, during mammalian development or in cell culture. (wikipedia.org)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), derived from the blastocyst-stage embryo, are capable of generating all cell types of the mammalian body (pluripotency) and of maintaining the capacity for indefinite self-renewal without compromising their genomic integrity. (biomedcentral.com)
BDV can be grown in mammalian cell culture, where it causes a noncytolytic persistent infection. (cdc.gov)
L-type Ca 2+ channels (LTCCs) drive the bulk of voltage-gated Ca 2+ entry in vertebrate inner ear hair cells (HCs) and are essential for mammalian auditory processing. (jneurosci.org)
PromoSer: A large-scale mammalian promoter and transcription start site identification service. (geneticsmr.com)

The Oct4 and Nanog transcription network regulates pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
It has been reported that RNF4 negatively regulates TNF-α-induced activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) through downregulation of transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) activity, indicating the possibility that RNF4-mediated TAK1 suppression results in enhanced sensitivity to cell death. (mdpi.com)
Expression of AND-34 regulates epithelial cell growth pattern, motility, and growth factor dependence. (molvis.org)

Stem cells are unique due to their ability to limitlessly self-renew and differentiate into each cell type in the adult body. (biolegend.com)

In biology , cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria , insects or plants reproduce asexually . (wikiquote.org)
Nature Cell Biology. (bdbiosciences.com)
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer unique opportunities for studying human biology modeling diseases and for therapeutic applications. (hiv-proteases.com)
Cold Spring Harbor, NY -- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (CSHLP) announced the release of The Digital Cell: Cell Biology as a Data Science, available on its website in hardcover format. (cshlpress.com)
Insights into the biology of stem cells will be gained by confirmation and characterization of candidate MaSC markers identified in this study. (frontiersin.org)
The Emerging Cell Biology of Thyroid Stem Cells. (genescells.ru)
We designed sensitive, in vivo, cell-based assays to measure receptor activation and in vitro biochemical assays to measure the ability of candidate hormones to bind directly to the receptors, or to modulate important features of receptor biology such as interaction with coactivator and corepressor proteins. (uci.edu)
Understanding cell-fate decisions in stem cell populations is a major goal of modern biology. (lu.se)

Pluripotency governed by Sox2 via regulation of Oct3/4 expression in mouse embryonic stem cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Chromatin-mediated regulation of transcription involves DNA methylation and histone modifications. (nature.com)
Aoki F., Worrad D.M., Schultz R.M., Regulation of transcriptional activity during the first , and second cell cycles in the preimplantation mouse embryo. (biologie-journal.org)
In terminally differentiated cell fate is coupled to appropriate regulation of the alternative cells, transcriptional networks must be stable and irreversible, pathways. (lu.se)

In the eukaryotic cell nucleus, chromatin is the physiological template of all DNA-dependent processes including transcription. (nature.com)
The histone chaperone FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription) is a heterodimeric complex, consisting of SUPT16 and SSRP1 (Spt16 and Pob3 in yeast) that is responsible for the deposition of H2A/H2B-dimers onto DNA 11 , 12 . (nature.com)
These characteristics correlate with a distinct nuclear architecture, epigenetic signatures enriched for active chromatin marks and hyperdynamic binding of structural chromatin proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
In pluripotent and differentiated cells HP1β is differentially localized and differentially associated with chromatin. (biomedcentral.com)
The minor fraction of HP1β that is chromatin-bound in ESCs is enriched within exons, unlike the situation in differentiated cells, where it binds heterochromatic satellite repeats and chromocenters. (biomedcentral.com)
Adenot P.G., Szollosi M.S., Geze M., Renard J.P., Debey P., Dynamics of paternal chromatin changes in live one-cell mouse embryo after natural fertilization. (biologie-journal.org)

During rapid mammary growth in the mouse, label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) appear to retain label by asymmetric distribution of DNA strands, as evidenced by a rapid proliferation index of the LREC ( Smith, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)
During periods of low mammary proliferation, quiescence of the stem cell population may account for retention of label. (frontiersin.org)
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is produced by stromal and mesenchymal cells, and it stimulates epithelial cell proliferation, motility, morphogenesis and angiogenesis in various organs via tyrosine phosphorylation of its cognate receptor, Met. (spandidos-publications.com)
TBR2 plays a role in brain development and is required for the specification and the proliferation of the intermediate progenitor cells and their progeny in the cerebral cortex. (thermofisher.com)

Developments in biotechnology have raised new concerns about animal welfare, as farm animals now have their genomes modified (genetically engineered) or copied (cloned) to propagate certain traits useful to agribusiness, such as meat yield or feed conversion. (wikiquote.org)
As part of its charge, the committee was asked to prepare a subreport evaluating methods for detecting potential unintended compositional changes across the spectrum of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), proteins, metabolites and nutrients that may occur in food derived from cloned animals that have not been genetically modified via genetic engineering methods. (nationalacademies.org)
Generation of genetically modified mice by oocyte injection of androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
Overall, 60% of germ cell neoplasms have seminoma in their composition, but pure seminomas are genetically different from those that present as a component of a mixed tumor. (medscape.com)

Nanog and transcriptional networks in embryonic stem cell pluripotency. (bdbiosciences.com)

We isolated four categories of cells from mammary epithelium of female calves: bromodeoxyuridine label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) from basal (LRECb) and embedded layers (LRECe), and epithelial control cells from basal and embedded layers. (frontiersin.org)
Western blot analysis and in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of AND-34 RNA and protein in lens epithelial cells, particularly at the lens equator. (molvis.org)
While Akt Ser 473 phosphorylation was readily detectable in AND-34 +/+ lens epithelial cells, it was markedly reduced in the AND-34 −/− lens epithelium. (molvis.org)
These results demonstrate the loss of AND-34 dysregulates focal adhesion complex signaling in lens epithelial cells and suggest that AND-34-mediated signaling is required for maintenance of the structural integrity of the adult ocular lens. (molvis.org)
HGF was cloned as a growth factor for hepatocytes ( 1 , 2 ), is identical to scatter factor (SF) and was originally discovered as a fibroblast-derived cell motility factor for epithelial cells ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Introduction Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can self-renew indefinitely in culture while maintaining the potential to differentiate into all cell lineages of an adult organism. (hiv-proteases.com)
Mouse nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells (NT-ESCs) were first established in 2000, and then proved to be able to differentiate either in vivo or in vitro, and give rise to individual tissues through germ line transmission or tetraploid complementation. (benthamscience.com)
Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the unique ability to differentiate into every cell type and to self-renew. (biomedcentral.com)
Transcription factors have an important role in the ability of a cell to self-renew and also differentiate into most cell types, also known as pluripotency 1 . (biolegend.com)

These approaches result in the loss of all histological information pertaining to the in vivo locale of MaSC and progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)
MaSC/progenitor cells were identified based on their ability to retain bromodeoxyuridine for an extended period. (frontiersin.org)
The review presents literature data on embryogenesis, physiological and reparative thyroid gland (TG) regeneration in the postnatal period in terms of substantiating the presence of stem/progenitor cells in its tissue. (genescells.ru)
Unresolved problems and perspectives of the use of thyroid stem/progenitor cells in tissue engineering are discussed. (genescells.ru)
Fierabracci A. Identifying thyroid stem/progenitor cells: advances and limitations. (genescells.ru)
To varying degrees, these fates also extend to the Such state stability is required in stem and progenitor cells to immediate progeny of stem cells, known as progenitor or support self-renewal and maintenance of the uncommitted transit-amplifying cells. (lu.se)

In our experimental conditions, clones were obtained with embryonic and somatic nuclei, but none developed further than the onset of zygotic transcription (1000 cells stage). (sfi-cybium.fr)

The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) family of transcription factors plays a central role in numerous physiological processes including development, cell survival, immunity, and inflammation. (uky.edu)
The development of nuclear transfer in Goldfish ( Carassius auratus ) requires egg handling to be optimized 1) to maintain the ability of the egg to withstand embryo development 2) to allow micromanipulation in order to enucleate the egg and inject the donor nucleus 3) to favour egg cytoplasm ability for nucleus reprogramming. (sfi-cybium.fr)
The transcripts were degraded throughout preimplantation development and were not compensated for by embryonic transcription after the morula stage. (appliedbioinfo.com)
However, in humans Thalidomide interfered with embryonic and fetal development in ways not observed in rodent tests. (asu.edu)
This process gets rid of unneeded cells and is particularly important for "sculpting" tissue and organ structure during development of the embryo (or larval metamorphosis in insects), but may occur at any time even in adult cells when a tissue needs to be remodeled. (agemed.org)
Pax6 is a transcription factor present during embryonic development. (biolegend.com)
Within the brain, the protein is involved in the development of specialized cells that process smell. (biolegend.com)
Mechanisms that regulate development from single cell to multicellular organisms. (lu.se)
Principles of how dysregulation causes tumour growth and deviant embryonic development. (lu.se)
HGF is produced and secreted by adjacent stromal and mesenchymal cells, it contributes to the development of epithelial organs in a paracrine fashion, exerts regenerative effects on epithelia in the liver, kidney, lung, and other tissues, and promotes the regression of fibrosis in numerous organs ( 7 , 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
2008). Expression of the transcription factor Zfp191 during embryonic development in the mouse. (geneticsmr.com)
Eomes is a T-box transcription factor that is highly homologous to T-bet, which is essential during trophoblast development and gastrulation in most vertebrates. (thermofisher.com)
HC11 and HC11 Wnt1 cells were maintained in RPMI 1640, 10% FCS, penicillin strepto mycin, epidermal development aspect and insulin. (liverxreceptor.com)

Another period of rapid and almost complete demethylation occurs during gametogenesis within the primordial germ cells (PGCs). (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, during the process of gametogenesis the primordial germ cells must have their original biparental DNA methylation patterns erased and re-established based on the sex of the transmitting parent. (wikipedia.org)
Embryonic germ cells (EGCs) and germ line stem cells (GSCs): derived respectively from mouse primordial germ cells (Figure 1 (+)-Corynoline (d)) or germ line stem cells (GSCs) from neonatal and adult testis (Figure 1 (+)-Corynoline (e)) they resemble ESCs but retain some epigenetic features of their cell of origin. (hiv-proteases.com)
However, GCTs, including seminomas, can occur in extragonadal sites along the midline of the body, following the embryologic migration route of its precursor cells -- the primordial germ cells. (medscape.com)

However, the order of events and the precise function of high-mobility group proteins during transcription initiation remain unclear. (nature.com)
The results have shown that DDB2 Wt recognize and repair the UV-induced lesions in plasmidic DNA transfected in the cells, whereas a delay in these processes were observed in the presence of DDB2 PCNA- , as also confirmed by the different extent of co-localization of DDB2 Wt and some NER proteins (such as XPG), vs the DDB2 mutant form. (biomedcentral.com)
Internal signals producing apoptosis depend on interactions of several proteins and may serve to protect the organism from cancer by killing cells that have pre-cancerous changes. (agemed.org)
Please see Best Protocols Section (Staining intracellular Antigens for Flow Cytometry) for staining protocol (refer to Protocol B: One-step protocol for intracellular (nuclear) proteins). (thermofisher.com)

These investigators used ultra high-throughput sequencing combined with conventional PCR-based cloning to recover a complete viral genome sequence. (cdc.gov)
Previously we have shown that DDB2, a protein involved in the Global Genome Repair, interacts directly with PCNA and, in human cells, the loss of this interaction affects DNA repair machinery. (biomedcentral.com)
Genome organisation and nuclear architecture. (biologie-journal.org)

If there are intact cells in this tissue they have been 'stored' frozen. (wikiquote.org)
A blastocyst (cloned or not), because it lacks any trace of a nervous system, has no capacity for suffering or conscious experience in any form - the special properties that, in our view, spell the difference between biological tissue and a human life worthy of respect and rights. (wikiquote.org)
and altering cell and tissue characteristics for biomedical research and manufacturing. (nationalacademies.org)
Induced pluripotent stem cells, another types of pluripotent stem cells derived from any tissue by reprogramming and are the homologous source of stem cells. (benthamscience.com)
This tissue may contain both positive and negative staining cells or tissue components and serve as both the positive and negative control tissue. (thermofisher.com)
A control bird that received uninfected tissue culture cells remained healthy until it was euthanized at 77 days. (cdc.gov)
Conditional Met KO mice were generated using Cre‑loxP methodology and characterization of these mice indicated that the HGF‑Met signaling pathway is essential in regeneration, protection, and homeostasis in various tissue types and cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
1,2) Nuclear expression of STAT6 is found in nearly all cases of solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) and is very limited in other soft tissue neoplasms making it a highly sensitive and specific immunohistochemical marker for SFT and may help to distinguish this tumor type from histologic mimics. (biocare.net)

Forward and reverse genetics through derivation of haploid mouse embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)

In addition to low success rates, cloned animals tend to have more compromised immune function and higher rates of infection, tumor growth, and other disorders. (wikiquote.org)
Transcription factor that acts as a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and immune response (PubMed:2338243, PubMed:29146937, PubMed:30733432, PubMed:31672913). (neobiotechnologies.com)
What is more, by deriving NT-ESCs from patient cells, the problem of immune rejection may be avoided. (benthamscience.com)

specifically, higher expression was found in squamous cell carcinoma than in large-cell carcinoma. (biocare.net)
The risk is increased 1000-fold for squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and fibrosarcoma and is increased 10-fold to 20-fold for other tumors. (medscape.com)

The non-embryonic stem cells like adult stem cells are in clinical use for many years and embryonic stem cells are now emerging as an alternative source for the same purpose with huge potentials in drug discovery and toxicological studies. (benthamscience.com)

mTOR-dependent cytoplasmic retention of TFE3 promotes the exit of hematopoietic stem cell from pluripotency (PubMed:30733432). (neobiotechnologies.com)
Functional expression cloning of Nanog, a pluripotency sustaining factor in embryonic stem cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
An extended transcriptional network for pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Yamanaka, S. Pluripotency and nuclear reprogramming. (bdbiosciences.com)

Androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells produce live transgenic mice. (nature.com)

Ubiquitous mainly nuclear expression. (neobiotechnologies.com)
In association with TFEB, activates the expression of CD40L in T-cells, thereby playing a role in T-cell-dependent antibody responses in activated CD4(+) T-cells and thymus-dependent humoral immunity (By similarity). (neobiotechnologies.com)
In this study, we designed a fusion protein named EDIII-Fc, including the EDIII region of Zika E protein and human IgG Fc fragment, and obtained 293T cells that stably secreted EDIII-Fc protein using the lentiviral expression system. (bvsalud.org)
We investigated the expression profile of several candidates in the oocyte and a panel of gonadal and somatic tissues by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. (appliedbioinfo.com)
Ma R., Latif R., Davies T.F. Thyroid follicle formation and thyroglobulin expression in multipotent endodermal stem cells. (genescells.ru)
2007). Repression of vascular endothelial growth factor expression by the zinc finger transcription factor ZNF24. (geneticsmr.com)
Nuclear expression of STAT6 distinguishes solitary fibrous tumor from histologic mimics. (biocare.net)
Expression of Eomes in these cells correlates with high expression of CD122, the common beta-chain of the IL-2R and IL-15R. (thermofisher.com)
The expression of Wnt1 ligand was verified by Western blotting, and biological action was assayed in a co culture assay with HEK 293 8× SUPERTopFlash cells, utilizing 300,000 cells each and every in a six effectively overnight culture just before the assay was performed. (liverxreceptor.com)

Claims that you could clone individual treatments of human beings to treat common diseases like diabetes, suggests you need a huge supply of human eggs. (wikiquote.org)
The human body is made up of about 220 different kinds of specialized cells such as nerve cells, muscle cells, fat cells and skin cells. (benthamscience.com)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can grow infinitely and give rise to all types of cells in human body, thus of tremendous therapeutic potentials for a variety of diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, and diabetes. (benthamscience.com)
Cell population kinetics in dog and human adult thyroid. (genescells.ru)
Ma R., Latif R., Davies T.F. Human embryonic stem cells form functional thyroid follicles. (genescells.ru)
The Host Cell Reactivation assay (HCR) allows studying the DNA repair capability in different types of human cells. (biomedcentral.com)
To this end, human kidney 293 stable clones, expressing DDB2 Wt or DDB2 PCNA- , were co-transfected with pmRFP-N2 and UV-irradiated pEGFP-reported plasmids. (biomedcentral.com)
This method allows studying the DNA repair capability in different types of human cells [ 11 ] and may be employed as a marker for genetic instability and cancer risk [ 12 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
So when I was recently contacted by an earnest and amiable member of a local school board who was concerned about the questionable manner in which the issue of "stem cell" research - both human embryonic and adult - was presented to the high school students in his district in a currently-used science textbook, I agreed to evaluate that section in the text for him. (lifeissues.net)
In my opinion there is no question but that the scientific information on stem cell research included in this science text book being used in Illinois schools incorporates some inaccurate scientific facts, and seems to be very partial to the use of human embryonic "stem cell" research. (lifeissues.net)
Orphan nuclear receptors provide a unique, largely untapped, resource to illuminate novel and fundamental regulatory systems that impact health and human disease. (uci.edu)
Rb homeostasis is also essential for self-renewal and survival of human embryonic stem cells 10 . (biolegend.com)
HEK 293 cells were transfected using a vector encoding myc HIS tagged human sFRP1 employing Lipo fectamine in accordance for the manufacturers recommendations. (liverxreceptor.com)
Elevated serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels can occur in seminomas and correlate with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells seen histologically. (medscape.com)

After fertilization some cells of the newly formed embryo migrate to the germinal ridge and will eventually become the germ cells (sperm and oocytes) of the next generation. (wikipedia.org)
Overexpression of DEAF-1 by using a maternal driver inhibits germ-band retraction and causes defects in dorsal closure, whereas overexpression at later stages causes cell death (Reed, 2008). (sdbonline.org)
Seminoma is the most common pure germ cell tumor (GCT) of the testis, accounting for up to 50% of cases. (medscape.com)
Genetic changes have also been studied in the past few decades, with documentation of aneuploid DNA content in seminomas and intratubular germ cell neoplasia of the unclassified type (IGCNU), the precursor lesion. (medscape.com)

Here we show that high-mobility group AT-hook 2 protein (HMGA2) induces DNA nicks at the transcription start site, which are required by the histone chaperone FACT complex to incorporate nucleosomes containing the histone variant H2A.X. Further, phosphorylation of H2A.X at S139 (γ-H2AX) is required for repair-mediated DNA demethylation and transcription activation. (nature.com)
We have previously shown that HMGA2-induced transcription requires phosphorylation of H2A.X at S139, which in turn is mediated by the protein kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) 10 . (nature.com)
In sentinel node, SOX-10 is positive in metastatic melanomas and nodal capsular nevus but not in dendritic cells, which usually express S100 protein. (thermofisher.com)
This encoded protein can induce G1 arrest in the cell cycle. (appliedbioinfo.com)
In this study, we found that RING finger protein 4 (RNF4), a RING finger E3 ubiquitin ligase, is required for the RIPK1 autophosphorylation and subsequent cell death. (mdpi.com)
To clarify this issue, we decided to apply a transfection-based assay, named Host Cell Reactivation (HCR), to investigate DNA lesions removal efficacy in the presence of DDB2 Wt protein or DDB2 mutated one. (biomedcentral.com)
Rb , or retinoblastoma protein, is a key regulator of the cell cycle, particularly during the transition from the G1 to S phases. (biolegend.com)
protein sorting and protein maturation by passage through the cytoplasmic organelles of the cell. (lu.se)
2009). Zinc finger protein 191 (ZNF191/Zfp191) is necessary to maintain neural cells as cycling progenitors. (geneticsmr.com)

This is currently achieved by three methods: somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) cell fusion and direct reprogramming by defined transcription factors. (hiv-proteases.com)

Often, but inaccurately, used to refer to the propagation of animals by nuclear transfer. (nationalacademies.org)

Undifferentiated mouse ESC from the ES-E14TG2a cell line stained using the BD Stemflow Mouse Pluripotent Stem Cell Transcription Factor Analysis Kit. (bdbiosciences.com)
The entire BD Mouse Pluripotent Stem Cell Transcription Factor Analysis Kit must be stored in the dark at 2° to 8°C. Do not freeze. (bdbiosciences.com)
Okamoto K, Okazawa H, Okuda A, Sakai M, Muramatsu M, Hamada H. A novel octamer binding transcription factor is differentially expressed in mouse embryonic cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Sidebar Culture-derived Pluripotent Stem Cell lines Embryonal carcinoma cells (ECCs): derived from mouse teratocarcinomas these are the first PSC lines generated. (hiv-proteases.com)
Wutz, A. Haploid mouse embryonic stem cells: rapid genetic screening and germline transmission. (nature.com)
antibody (clone AD2.35) on mouse primary astrocytes. (biolegend.com)
Bouniol C., Nguyen E., Debey P., Endogenous transcription occurs at the 1-cell stage in the mouse embryo. (biologie-journal.org)
Applications Tested: This Dan11mag antibody has been tested by intracellular flow cytometric analysis of mouse splenocytes using the Foxp3/Transcription Factor Staining Buffer Set (cat. (thermofisher.com)

Detailed descriptions of methods used in animal cloning and biotechnology are provided in the report Animal Biotechnology: Science-Based Concerns (NRC, 2002). (nationalacademies.org)

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. (bdbiosciences.com)

These studies have served to highlight the role of AND-34/BCAR3 and p130Cas in cell adhesion and migration signaling pathways. (molvis.org)

The cells were fixed, permeabilized, blocked and then stained with primary antibody, and Alexa Fluor® 594 conjugated secondary IgG (Cat. (biolegend.com)
A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. (thermofisher.com)

Kopecny V., Fléchon J.E., Camous S., Fulka J. Jr., Nucleologenesis , and the onset of transcription in the eight-cell bovine embryo: fine-structural autoradiographic study. (biologie-journal.org)

Use of hiPSCs circumvents the ethical controversies associated with hESCs or nt-hESCs and as one can easily generate hiPSCs that match the genetic background of any individual this offers an ideal platform for cell replacement therapy and disease modeling. (hiv-proteases.com)
Genetic modification and screening in rat using haploid embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
Mechanisms for maintaining genetic information during cell division and the generation of genetic variation: replication, mitosis, meiosis, recombination. (lu.se)

Upon starvation or lysosomal stress, inhibition of MTOR induces TFE3 dephosphorylation, resulting in nuclear localization and transcription factor activity (PubMed:31672913). (neobiotechnologies.com)
This screen identifies new regulators of myofiber atrophy and hypertrophy, including the transcription factor Deaf1 . (sdbonline.org)
These cell lines were selected by flow cytometry for their high responsiveness to tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), two classic NF-κB-inducing stimuli. (uky.edu)
that given the right morphogenesis or transcription factor, a cell could be induced to become anything at any point. (lifeissues.net)
2009). A transcript profiling approach reveals the zinc finger transcription factor ZNF191 is a pleiotropic factor. (geneticsmr.com)

One approach is to derive PSCs through culturing various embryonic adult or malignant cells with stem cell properties (Sidebar 1 and Figure 1). (hiv-proteases.com)

Another approach is to reset a somatic cell to a pluripotent state by exposing its nucleus to exogenous transacting factors. (hiv-proteases.com)
An egg cell from which the nucleus has been removed mechanically. (nationalacademies.org)
Finally, we note that the undifferentiated ESC nucleus itself shows less spatial organization than in differentiated cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Campbell and his team also cloned a sheep from adult cells in 1996, which they named Dolly. (asu.edu)

The advent of techniques to propagate animals by nuclear transfer, also known as cloning, potentially offers many important applications to animal agriculture, including reproducing highly desired elite sires and dams. (nationalacademies.org)

An interest in identifying novel morphogens led me to design a strategy where candidate nuclear hormone receptor homologs are first isolated from a developmental system and then used to identify the corresponding ligand. (uci.edu)
One receptor, now termed BXR for benzoate X receptor, was activated by embryonic extracts. (uci.edu)
gem homozygous receptor mutant HCs display normal cell viability, afferent synaptogenesis, and peripheral innervation, yet exhibit strongly reduced extracellular potentials (∼50% of wild-type potentials). (jneurosci.org)

The morula (at the 16 cell stage), has only a small amount of DNA methylation (black line in Figure). (wikipedia.org)

Reproductive cloning is expensive and highly inefficient. (wikiquote.org)

Apoptosis Programmed Cell Death (PCD). (agemed.org)
Signals to trigger apoptosis may come from within the cell or from outside, by stimulating suicide receptors in the cell's external membrane. (agemed.org)

While eggs chemically triggered to develop don't have what it takes to make a viable embryo, it's a different story if the egg has been given the chromosomes of a cell from a more mature organism, through the technique of somatic-cell nuclear transfer used in cloning. (chemistryworld.com)

RUNX1-deficient mice fail to generate hematopoietic stem cells. (biolegend.com)

My edited analysis of the section on "stem cell research" in this science textbook is copied below. (lifeissues.net)

Generation of functional thyroid from embryonic stem cells. (genescells.ru)

Of 768 clone inserts submitted for differential screening by macroarray hybridization, 83% displayed a fourfold overexpression in the oocyte. (appliedbioinfo.com)

Anatomy13

Organisms8

Chemicals and Drugs94

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment22

Phenomena and Processes73

Information Science4

Early embryonic development4

Embryos15

Fibroblasts7

Somatic cells10

Gene23

Differentiation23

Genes19

Regenerative medicine3

Molecular13

Mammalian5

Regulates3

Self-renew and differentiate1

Biology8

Regulation4

Chromatin6

Proliferation4

Genetically4

Transcriptional networks1

Epithelial cells5

Differentiate4

Progenitor cells6

Nuclei1

Development13

Primordial germ4

Proteins4

Genome3

Tissue8

Derivation1

Immune3

Squamous cell carc2

Adult stem1

Pluripotency4

Transgenic mice1

Expression9

Human14

Germ4

Protein9

SCNT1

Propagation1

Mouse8

Biotechnology1

Biol1

Pathways1

Antibody2

Onset1

Genetic3

Factor5

Malignant1

Nucleus3

19961

Animals by nuclear transfer1

Receptor3

Morula1

Reproductive1

Apoptosis2

Chromosomes1

Hematopoietic stem1

Stem cell res1

Functional1

Oocyte1