Embryonic stem cells stem cell cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

This is due to the lack of expression of cell cycle inhibitors, which ultimately determines naïve pluripotency by holding back differentiation. (upf.edu)
Is the Subject Area "Cell differentiation" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
Chromatin and Transcriptional Signatures for Nodal Signaling During Endoderm Formation in hESCs The first stages of embryonic differentiation are driven by signaling pathways hardwired to induce particular fates. (ca.gov)
All-trans retinoic acid (RA) is the most active metabolite of vitamin A. Several studies have described a pivotal role for RA signalling in different biological processes such as cell growth and differentiation, embryonic development and organogenesis. (mdpi.com)
Protocols for hepatocyte differentiation from iPS cells have been studied. (spandidos-publications.com)
It was hypothesized that the addition of glucose and galactose promoted hepatocyte differentiation of iPS cell. (spandidos-publications.com)
Single-cell RNA sequencing studies on gene co-expression patterns could yield important regulatory and functional insights, but have so far been limited by the confounding effects of differentiation and cell cycle. (nih.gov)
Jovic D, Haque A, Hexig B, Nagaoka M, Akaike T (2011) Control of Singular Cell Cycle Synchronization of Mouse ES Cells for Hepatocyte Differentiation on E-Cadherin Substratum. (omicsonline.org)
Moreover, synchronized cells re-enter into the normal cell cycle with the elimination of hydroxyurea for differentiation. (omicsonline.org)
Our strategy for ES cell cycle synchronization before differentiation induction possibly helps to increase the yield of hepatocyte-like cells under homogeneous culture condition. (omicsonline.org)
This protein also forms a core subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylation (NURD) complex that epigenetically regulates embryonic stem cell differentiation. (cancerindex.org)
Our scientists have developed a wide array of stem cell-focused reagents and resources for many applications including flow cytometry , western blotting , ELISAs , and recombinant proteins for cell differentiation. (biolegend.com)
RUNX1 is also required for the differentiation of CD8+, Th17, and regulatory T cells. (biolegend.com)
These findings revealed that RUNX1 acts as a tumor suppressor for myeloid leukemia and is crucial for the development and terminal differentiation of several blood cell lineages 2,3 . (biolegend.com)
RNA sequencing analysis was performed on a total of 15 samples, including haploid and diploid human parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells at different differentiation states and cell cycle phases. (nih.gov)
Here we show that SWI/SNF complexes are present in mouse ES cells, and their composition is dynamically regulated upon induction of ES cell differentiation. (elsevierpure.com)
Moreover, the levels of BAF250A and BAF250B decrease during the differentiation of ES cells, whereas that of BRM increases. (elsevierpure.com)
The altered expression of SWI/SNF components hinted that these complexes could play roles in ES cell maintenance or differentiation. (elsevierpure.com)
Importantly, these cells are deficient in the self-renewal capacity of undifferentiated ES cells and exhibit certain phenotypes of differentiated cells, including reduced expression of several pluripotency-related genes and increased expression of some differentiation-related genes. (elsevierpure.com)
Until now we've relied on studies in mice to understand human germ cell differentiation, but the reproductive genes are not the same. (sciencedaily.com)
When treated in this manner, about 2 percent of the differentiated human embryonic stem cells were haploid after 14 days of differentiation. (sciencedaily.com)
His research in Athens focused on the regulation of neuronal differentiation and specification, studying the role of genes that coordinate cell cycle exit and differentiation of neural stem cells during embryonic development. (bioacademy.gr)
His research interests are focused on how epigenetic mechanisms can regulate cell differentiation and proliferation during development, in health and disease. (bioacademy.gr)
2013). The role of nuclear receptors in controlling the fine balance between proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. (bioacademy.gr)
To establish protocols for the safe and efficient differentiation of healthy cells for therapies, we must develop a better understanding of the dynamic continuum of metabolic states that span pluripotency and differentiation, and how to influence them. (conditionmed.org)
Induces upregulation of the pluripotency network genes (Klf4, Klf2, Nanog, Oct4, Myc, Sox2) and epigenetic-associated proteins (Dnmt3a, Mbd3) in mouse ES cells, and inhibits retinoic acid-induced differentiation (Adamo et al. (stemcell.com)
Promotes differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells (Kanazawa et al. (stemcell.com)
Inhibits proliferation and promotes osteogenic differentiation, while inhibiting adipogenic differentiation, of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and rabbit bone marrow-derived MSCs (Wu et al. (stemcell.com)
Decreased proliferation and Nanog expression in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells, with increased erythroid differentiation (Chae et al. (stemcell.com)
While miRNAs directly repress pluripotent core factors to facilitate differentiation during the differentiation state, they also help stem cells to maintain pluripotency by activating pluripotent cores through directly repressing DNA methylation systems and primarily inhibiting development in the pluripotent state. (biomedcentral.com)
On the other hand, miRNAs like let-7 induce stem cell differentiation [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This present study employed systems physical network approaches [ 17 ] and constructed a comprehensive and unbiased map of genome-wide interactions between miRNAs and their targets to investigate the global basis of miRNA roles in pluripotent stem cells, from the pluripotent self-renewal state to the differentiation state. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, we sought to identify hEB markers that could be used to determine the presence of differentiated cells in specific tissues, allowing for the purification of homogeneous cell populations or serving as indicators of hESC differentiation. (molcells.org)
Furthermore, our data analysis revealed that the cell cycle, urea cycle, p53 signaling, and metabolism of amino groups are significantly implicated in the regulation of hESC differentiation. (molcells.org)
The involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in orchestrating self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells has been revealed in a number of recent studies. (muni.cz)
And while in human pluripotent stem cells, miRNAs have been directly linked to the core pluripotency network, including the cell cycle regulation and the maintenance of the self-renewing capacity, their role in the onset of differentiation in other contexts, such as determination of neural cell fate, remains poorly described. (muni.cz)
Finally, there is a discussion about the mechanisms behind the self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells and the role of stem cells in renewal of the body's tissues. (lu.se)
Genetic abnormalities associated with MDS block differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. (medscape.com)
the EST, which assesses the effects of compounds on the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into contracting cardiomyocytes, can be used to rank the potency of chemicals within a series of alkoxyacetic acid metabolites formed from The implementation of the European REACH (Registration, glycol ethers. (cdc.gov)
Recent advances in live imaging and genetics of mammalian division, movement and cell differentiation leading to development which integrate observations of biochemical tissue formation [14 ]. (lu.se)

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) present a fast cell cycle with a short G1 phase. (upf.edu)
Plays a key role in increased proteasome activity in bryonic st cells (ESCs): its high expression in ESCs promotes enhanced assbly of the 26S proteasome, followed by higher proteasome activity. (joplink.net)
Highly expressed in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). (joplink.net)
We describe all experimental steps from genetically modifying a locus of interest, via CRISPR/Cas9 editing in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), to generating chimeric mice with ESC-reconstituted forebrain regions that can be directly analyzed. (researchsquare.com)

We portrayed the Notch system in embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) differentiating under the standard protocols used to assess yolk sac (YS) hematopoiesis in vitro. (karger.com)

Finley's research has focused on interrogating the connections between metabolites and their role in regulating embryonic stem cell self-renewal and cell fate decisions. (wikipedia.org)
Rb homeostasis is also essential for self-renewal and survival of human embryonic stem cells 10 . (biolegend.com)
Haploid human ES cells exhibited typical pluripotent stem cell characteristics such as self-renewal capacity and a pluripotency-specific molecular signature. (nih.gov)

Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived MSCs are an alternative to adult MSCs that can circumvent issues regarding scalability and consistent quality due to their derivation from a renewable starting material. (nature.com)
We have made significant progress during the previous granting period which has resulted in a publication in Genome Research detailing genomic DNA methylation changes in a variety of human embryonic stem cells and their derivatives. (ca.gov)
We have identified a new motif, termed SMAD Complex Associated (SCA) that is bound by SMAD2/3/4 and FOXH1 in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and derived endoderm. (ca.gov)
To elucidate the Nodal transcriptional network that governs endoderm formation, we used ChIP-seq to identify genomic targets for SMAD2/3, SMAD3, SMAD4, FOXH1 and the active and repressive chromatin marks, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and derived endoderm. (ca.gov)
Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can differentiate into somatic cells ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Human liver organoids are formed from the assembly of hepatocyte-like cells differentiated from iPS cells, human umbilical vascular endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Human embryonic stem cells also exhibit the Warburg effect ( 15 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The formation of a human embryo starts with the fertilization of the oocyte by the sperm cell. (news-medical.net)
Alberto de Iaco, a postdoc in the lab of Didier Trono at EPFL, drew upon a seemingly irrelevant study of patients suffering from a form of muscular dystrophy where mutations lead to the production in muscle cells of a protein called DUX4, which is normally detected only at the earliest stage of human embryonic development. (news-medical.net)
To confirm this, the researchers analyzed publicly available data to determine what components of the human genome are expressed during the first few days of embryonic development. (news-medical.net)
A living human person begins to exist at the moment of conception, even though only as a cell. (lifenews.com)
Its new frontier is embryonic stem-cell and human cloning research. (lifenews.com)
In the name of science and health, human life is destroyed at its very inception and "limited" cloning is used to produce usable cells that can be manipulated and harvested to aid the living. (lifenews.com)
Here we analyzed a large collection of human parthenogenetic ES cell lines originating from haploid oocytes, leading to the successful isolation and maintenance of human ES cell lines with a normal haploid karyotype. (nih.gov)
Although haploid human ES cells resembled their diploid counterparts, they also displayed distinct properties including differential regulation of X chromosome inactivation and genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, alongside reduction in absolute gene expression levels and cell size. (nih.gov)
We expect that haploid human ES cells will provide novel means for studying human functional genomics, development and evolution. (nih.gov)
Human embryonic stem cells derived from excess IVF embryos may help scientists unlock the mysteries of infertility for other couples struggling to conceive, according to new research. (sciencedaily.com)
Researchers at the school have devised a way to efficiently coax the cells to become human germ cells -- the precursors of egg and sperm cells -- in the laboratory. (sciencedaily.com)
Figuring out the genetic 'recipe' needed to develop human germ cells in the laboratory will give us the tools we need to trace what's going wrong for these people. (sciencedaily.com)
Reijo Pera is a professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the medical school and the director of Stanford's Center for Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research and Education. (sciencedaily.com)
Previous efforts to study infertility have been hampered by the fact that -- unlike many other biological processes -- the human reproductive cycle cannot be adequately studied in animal models. (sciencedaily.com)
And because germ cells begin to form very early in embryonic development (by eight to 10 weeks), there's been a dearth of human material to work with. (sciencedaily.com)
This is the first evidence that you can create functional human germ cells in a laboratory. (sciencedaily.com)
In the current study, the researchers treated human embryonic stem cells with proteins known to stimulate germ cell formation and isolated those that began to express germ-cell-specific genes -- about 5 percent of the total. (sciencedaily.com)
The establishment of the first human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in 1998 provided a unique tool for studying human development. (molcells.org)
To bridge this gap, we used three model cell types to study miRNA expression patterns: human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), hESCs-derived self-renewing neural stem cells (NSCs), and differentiating NSCs. (muni.cz)
The comprehensive miRNA profiling presented here reveals novel sets of miRNAs differentially expressed during human neural cell fate determination in vitro. (muni.cz)
In the present study, we confirmed upregulated NORAD expression levels in a set of human epithelial breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, and MDA-MB-468), which belong to the most aggressive subtypes (triple-negative breast cancer). (bvsalud.org)
This approach could therefore micromass test, and the embryonic stem cell test (EST) provide a means to reduce the need for animal testing in human risk assessment practices. (cdc.gov)
No PrPTSE or vCJD infections have been transmitted by transfusions of infectivity has been detected in any exposed cell line under nonleukoreduced erythrocyte concentrates and by a human- study so far. (cdc.gov)
Dr CHAUHAN (India)1 welcomed the updated WHO Guiding Principles on Human Cell, Tissue and Organ Transplantation. (who.int)
Clinical research had demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of interventions using adult stem cells rather than embryonic cells, a direction that guaranteed respect for human dignity, even at the embryonic stage. (who.int)
Sozzi E, Nilsson F, Kajtez J, Parmar M, Fiorenzano A. Generation of Human Ventral Midbrain Organoids Derived from Pluripotent Stem Cells . (lu.se)
In this article, we first provide a short history of cell therapy in Parkinson's disease and briefly describe the current state-of-art regarding human stem cell-derived dopamine neurons for use in any patient trial. (lu.se)
Without this, the patient cells lost in PD could be replaced by grafted community is left trying to interpret complex scien- immature human dopaminergic neurons [3, 5]. (lu.se)

A gene for a green fluorescent protein was inserted into the genomes of stem cells, which were then injected into macaque embryos grown for around four days in vitro. (planer.com)
Background: The transcription factor B-Myb is present in all proliferating cells, and in mice engineered to remove this gene, embryos die in utero just after implantation due to inner cell mass defects. (harvard.edu)
When in culture, a small fraction of these cells exhibit at any given time the gene expression pattern of 2-cell stage embryos, before cycling back to the features of more advanced embryonic cells. (news-medical.net)
This prevented zygotic genome activation altogether, and precluded the growth of embryos beyond the first couple of cell divisions. (news-medical.net)
NBC involves molecular biology approaches and techniques involving mouse embryonic stem cells and mouse embryos that fall within the technical repertoire of laboratories addressing neurobiological and developmental questions. (researchsquare.com)

Lydia W. S. Finley is an American scientist and an assistant member at the Cell Biology Program at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and an assistant professor at Weill Cornell Medical College. (wikipedia.org)
Understanding the mechanisms by which mechanical forces regulate the development and healing of connective tissues and the pathogenesis of disease is becoming one of the foremost problems at the intersection of biomechanics and cell biology-it has spawned the field of mechanobiology. (wpi.edu)
This love encouraged me to pursue a degree in veterinary medicine, followed by a doctorate in molecular genetics and research interests in the field of gene mapping, stem cell biology, and regenerative medicine. (wpi.edu)
We will utilize techniques from engineering, chemistry and biology to address these research areas, including chemical modifications to alter drug-material interactions, small molecule and macromolecule conjugates to direct cell fate, and multi-cellular tissue/disease systems for paracrine signaling and direct cell-cell interactions. (wpi.edu)
Scientists hope to gain valuable insights from the study of stem cells, e.g. in developmental biology. (eppendorf.com)
2014). Recent advances in the involvement of long non-coding RNAs in neural stem cell biology and brain pathophysiology. (bioacademy.gr)
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. (lu.se)
On completion of the course, the students shall be able to · reflect on societal opportunities and consequences arising from developmental biology research and knowledge, and discuss these with individuals in the same education cycle · reflect on current scientific challenges and ethical issues in developmental and stem cell biology research and how this influences society in general. (lu.se)
The whole course is based on five week-long modules on selected subjects related to issues concerning developmental biology and stem cells. (lu.se)

Understanding the mechanisms regulating cell cycle, proliferation and potency of pluripotent stem cells guarantees their safe use in the clinic. (upf.edu)
We therefore generated ES cells with biallelic inactivation of BAF250B and found that these cells display a reduced proliferation rate and an abnormal cell cycle. (elsevierpure.com)
These data suggest that the BAF250B-associated SWI/SNF is essential for mouse ES cells to maintain their normal proliferation and pluripotency. (elsevierpure.com)
2013). Prox1 suppresses the proliferation of neuroblastoma cells via a dual action in p27-Kip1 and Cdc25A. (bioacademy.gr)

E and F) Western blot analyses for p16 in FVB (E) and B6 (F) mouse embryonic fibroblasts. (koreamed.org)

Cells Tissues Organs (2011) 193 (4): 239-252. (karger.com)
In this study, we have provided strong evidence that naïve monkey pluripotent stem cells possess the capability of differentiating in vivo into all the various tissues composing a monkey body,' co-author Professor Miguel Esteban from the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China told Nature. (planer.com)
This male macaque exhibited organs with a mixture of both sets of cells, including green eyes and fingertips, demonstrating tissues featuring a high proportion of cells derived from the injected stem cells. (planer.com)
Publishing their results in Cell, the authors analysed 26 different tissues, showing that donor cells accounted for 21 to 92 percent of the constituent cells, with an average incidence of 67 percent. (planer.com)
We have a very high level of contribution, with the donor cells forming a big part of the tissues (and) complex structures all over the monkey body. (planer.com)
In our lab we use precisely engineered, two-dimensional and three-dimensional constructs as model systems to study the effects of external internal (cell-generated) forces on cell behavior, matrix biochemistry, and the biomechanics of soft tissues and biomaterials. (wpi.edu)
The fertilized oocyte is totipotent, with resultant blastomeres capable of generating all three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, in addition to the extra embryonic tissues. (conditionmed.org)

Herceg, Z., Hulla W., Gell D., Cuenin C., Lleonart M., Jackson S. and Wang Z.Q. (2001) Disruption of Trrap causes early embryonic lethality and defects in cell cycle progression. (who.int)

Under these conditions, iPS cells begin to differentiate into a hepatocyte lineage. (spandidos-publications.com)
Stem cells have enormous potential for therapeutic applications due to their ability to differentiate into diverse cell types. (omicsonline.org)
ES cells were successfully arrested in G1 phase with the administration of hydroxyurea and subsequently induced to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells. (omicsonline.org)
The homogeneous population of cells on E-cadherin substratum from synchronized ES cells have higher capability to differentiate into hepatocytes-like cells than unsynchronized ES cells. (omicsonline.org)
Stem cells are unique due to their ability to limitlessly self-renew and differentiate into each cell type in the adult body. (biolegend.com)
The capability of these cells to differentiate depends on the stem cell type, the regulation of gene expression by various transcription factors and interaction with the stem cell niche 1,4 . (biolegend.com)
Transcription factors have an important role in the ability of a cell to self-renew and also differentiate into most cell types, also known as pluripotency 1 . (biolegend.com)
We explore the recently described metabolic surge event that occurs as pluripotency is lost and stem cells commit to differentiate. (conditionmed.org)

Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)
Cancer Cell Metabolism: Unique Features Inform New Therapeutic Opportunities. (nyas.org)
Here, we consider the metabolism of the early embryo through development, and look at the nutrient milieu within the developing stem cell niche. (conditionmed.org)
2020). This places metabolism at the forefront of development and cell state decisions. (conditionmed.org)
It is only through understanding embryonic metabolism and development that we can derive and maintain different in vitro stem cell states for disease modeling and therapies. (conditionmed.org)

Intriguingly, we found that a haploid genome is compatible not only with the undifferentiated pluripotent state, but also with differentiated somatic fates representing all three embryonic germ layers, despite a persistent dosage imbalance between the autosomes and X chromosome. (nih.gov)
The blastocyst comprises the inner cell mass (ICM), which gives rise to the three primary germ layers and consequently the fetus, and the trophectoderm (TE), which gives rise to the extraembryonic and placental tissue. (conditionmed.org)

Recent news of an impending clinical cell transplantation trial in Parkinson's disease using parthenogenetic stem cells as a source of donor tissue have raised hopes in the patient community and sparked discussion in the research community. (lu.se)
With this background information as a foundation, we then discuss each of the key questions in relation to the upcoming therapeutic trial and critically assess if the time is ripe for clinical translation of parthenogenetic stem cell technology in Parkinson's disease. (lu.se)

Consistently, ablation of β-catenin or Tcf1 expression impairs Wnt-dependent cell cycle regulation. (upf.edu)
Notably, as a postdoctoral fellow, Finley and Bryce W. Carey discovered that intracellular α-ketoglutarate levels regulated chromatin and gene expression, and contributes to embryonic stem cell renewal. (wikipedia.org)
The study points to DUX4, and by extension the DUX family of proteins, as the master regulator responsible for kick-starting genome expression at the earliest stage of embryonic life in humans, mouse and probably all placental mammals. (news-medical.net)
They then used a technique called RNA silencing to examine how blocking the expression of each of three DAZ family members in the embryonic stem cells affected germ cell development. (sciencedaily.com)
These two cell lines showed great similarity in gene expression. (molcells.org)

We discuss what is known about the distinct metabolic states captured in vitro by the 2-cell-like, naïve, blastocyst-like, formative, and primed states of pluripotency. (conditionmed.org)

Adult tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are showing promise in clinical trials for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (nature.com)
Stem cell research is a broad field, dealing with embryonic and adult stem cells (e.g. mesenchymal and neural stem cells) or induced pluripotent cells. (eppendorf.com)
The researchers plan to use a similar strategy to optimize the production of eggs from embryonic stem cells, as well as investigating whether reprogrammed adult cells called induced pluripotent cells, or iPS cells, can also be used to create germ cells. (sciencedaily.com)

Next, they looked at mouse embryonic stem cells, which contain the mouse version of the DUX4 gene (called simply DUX). (news-medical.net)
We apply a tailored experimental design that eliminates these confounders, and report thousands of intrinsically covarying gene pairs in mouse embryonic stem cells. (nih.gov)
Purpose: We applied cDNA molecule counting using unique molecular identifiers combined with high-throughput sequencing to study the transcriptome of individual mouse embryonic stem cells, with spike-in controls to monitor technical performance. (nih.gov)
One 96-well plate of single-stranded cDNA libraries generated from 96 single R1 mouse embryonic stem cells sequenced on two lanes, and one 96-well plate of the same libraries further amplified by 9 PCR cycles sequenced on one lane. (nih.gov)
Unlike preexisting embryonic stem cell-based knockout mice, our mouse models are free from selectable markers or other external gene insertions, permitting more precise study of cell cycle-related diseases without confounding influences of foreign DNA. (koreamed.org)
In the mouse, a transporting epithelium is established around the 8-16-cell stage through a process known as compaction where cell definition is lost and the outer cells of the embryo form tight junctions, giving rise to the blastocyst. (conditionmed.org)
This study systematically analyzes multiple-omics data and builds a systems physical network including genome-wide interactions between miRNAs and their targets to reveal the systems mechanism of miRNA functions in mouse pluripotent stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
physiologically based animals because a mouse embryonic stem cell line is used. (cdc.gov)

Whether SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes play roles in embryonic stem (ES) cells remains unknown. (elsevierpure.com)
The work presented here underscores the importance of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes in pluripotent stem cells. (elsevierpure.com)
In eukaryotes, DNA is packed inside the cell nucleus in the form of chromatin, which consists of DNA, proteins such as histones, and RNA. (nature.com)
Here, analysis of IKK-dependent substrates in CRC cells after UV treatment revealed that phosphorylation of BRD4 by IKK-α is required for its chromatin-binding at target genes upon DNA damage. (bvsalud.org)

Researchers used stem cells obtained from the embryonic tissue of cynomolgus monkeys, a type of macaque commonly used in genetics research because of their similarity to humans. (planer.com)
International bi-monthly journal of cell signaling, tissue protection, and translational research. (conditionmed.org)
of the most critical events which lead to tissue patterning involves mechanisms going beyond single cells. (lu.se)

Diploidy is a fundamental genetic feature in mammals, in which haploid cells normally arise only as post-meiotic germ cells that serve to insure a diploid genome upon fertilization. (nih.gov)
Gamete manipulation has yielded haploid embryonic stem (ES) cells from several mammalian species, but as of yet not from humans. (nih.gov)
Overexpressing the three proteins together allowed the researchers to generate haploid cells -- those with only one copy of each chromosome -- expressing proteins found in mature sperm. (sciencedaily.com)

Here, we demonstrate that NORAD downregulation sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer cells to chemotherapy, through a potential accumulation of genomic aberrations and an impaired capacity to signal DNA damage. (bvsalud.org)

However, preparation of specific lineages at high purity from embryonic stem cells remains a challenge. (omicsonline.org)
Aberration occurs in a stem cell that can give rise to multiple lineages. (medscape.com)
This event explains the presence of multiple derangements observed in the bone marrow that involve several cell lineages. (medscape.com)
Many investigators once believed that TSE agents infected mainly, if not exclusively, cells of neuronal and Author affi liations: University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, UK, (P. lymphoid lineages. (cdc.gov)

RUNX1-deficient mice fail to generate hematopoietic stem cells. (biolegend.com)
For pediatric patients with refractory cytopenia, certain cytogenetic abnormalities, or malignant transformation, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from a matched related or unrelated donor early in the course of the disease is the treatment of choice. (medscape.com)
MDS is rare in childhood and may have a rapidly progressive course with an extremely poor prognosis without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). (medscape.com)

Tcf1, but not Tcf3, is recruited to a palindromic motif enriched in the promoter of cell cycle repressor genes, such as p15Ink4b, p16Ink4a and p19Arf, which mediate the Wnt-dependent anti-proliferative effect in mESCs. (upf.edu)
A chimeric monkey has been created using embryonic stem cells with two different sets of genes, a new study has demonstrated. (planer.com)
De Iaco also found that when DUX4 is forcibly produced in muscle cells, it turns on a whole set of genes that are expressed during zygotic genome activation. (news-medical.net)
Our results lend support to the concept of post-transcriptional RNA operons, but we further present evidence that nuclear proximity of genes may provide substantial functional regulation in mammalian single cells. (nih.gov)
The underphosphorylated, active form of Rb interacts directly with E2F1 , leading to cell cycle arrest, while the hyperphosphorylated form decouples from E2F1, thus promoting the transcription of genes promoting entry into the S phase. (biolegend.com)
In addition to expressing key genes, these cells also began to remove modifications, or methyl groups, to their DNA that confer cell-specific traits that would interfere with their ability to function as germ cells. (sciencedaily.com)
However, these recent studies have mostly focused on individual gene functions in stem cells although genome-wide data might be employed, and the conclusions drawn from these current studies are unavoidably biased on genes selected by these studies. (biomedcentral.com)

Previously engineered chimeric animals often exhibited low frequencies of the injected set of stem cells. (planer.com)

We further examined transcriptional noise in the embryonic stem cells. (nih.gov)
1. Artelt P, Grannemann R, Stocking C, Friel J, Bartsch J, Hauser H. The prokaryotic neomycin-resistance-encoding gene acts as a transcriptional silencer in eukaryotic cells. (koreamed.org)

RUNX1 regulates CD4 gene transcription during multiple stages of T cell development and represses the CD4 gene in CD4-CD8- (double negative) T cells. (biolegend.com)

In the zebrafish, rprma mRNA is expressed in the olfactory placodes (OP) and olfactory epithelium (OE), rprmb is observed in the tectum opticum (TeO) and trigeminal ganglion (Tg), whereas rprml is found primarily in the telencephalon (Tel). At protein level, RPRM is present in a subset of cells in the OP, and neurons in the OE, TeO, hindbrain and sensory peripheral structures. (frontiersin.org)
Here we combine theory and experiment to analyze the dynamics of euchromatin organization as pluripotent zebrafish cells exit mitosis and begin transcription. (nature.com)
Here, we combine experiments in pluripotent zebrafish cells and theory to show that euchromatin is organized in line with an active microemulsion model. (nature.com)

Mechanistically, in vitro data support these findings, as co-culture of hESC-MSCs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BWF1 lymphocytes decreased lymphocyte secretion of TNFα and IL-6 and enhanced the percentage of putative regulatory T cells. (nature.com)

2019). Akin to the dynamic nutrient requirements of the developing embryo, discrete in vitro cell states have distinct metabolic profiles (Zhou et al. (conditionmed.org)
In vitro toxicity data of these metabolites derived in the development of validated and accepted in vitro and in silico embryonic stem cell test were used as input in the PBK model to extrapolate in vitro concentration-response curves to predicted approaches is urgently needed. (cdc.gov)

Notch1 and Notch 2, but not Notch4, were visualized in the nucleus of EB cells, and all these receptors were also observed as patent cytoplasmic foci. (karger.com)

This gene thus plays a role in both cell-cycle and epigenetic regulation. (cancerindex.org)
Such epigenetic reprogramming is a hallmark of germ cell formation. (sciencedaily.com)

Involved in regulation of mitotic cell cycle. (nih.gov)
Insulin produces the dephosphorylation of only a small subset of proteins at discrete locations, whereas PP1 is ubiquitously expressed and is found in virtually all cellular compartments, suggesting that mechanisms exist for the targeted regulation of PP1 in insulin-responsive cells that selectively permit activation of the enzyme only at these sites. (jci.org)
not unique for the embryonic system but are shared by other ogenesis regulation must consider different scales of multi-cellular modeling areas. (lu.se)

Are Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson's Disease Ready for the Clinic in 2016? (lu.se)
Based on discussions held by a global collaborative initiative on translation of stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease, we have identified a set of key questions that we believe should be addressed ahead of every clinical stem cell-based transplantation trial in this disorder. (lu.se)
Stem cell-based therapies for Parkinson's dis- ogy company International Stem Cell Corporation ease (PD) are rapidly moving towards clinical trials. (lu.se)

The course aims to prepare students for work in a field that includes regenerative medicine and stem cells. (lu.se)

2013). Corticotropin-releasing hormone exerts direct effects on neuronal progenitor cells: implications for neuroprotection. (bioacademy.gr)

Finley is known for her contributions to understanding the metabolic underpinnings of stem cell fate. (wikipedia.org)
2016). Nuclear receptor NR5A2 controls neural stem cell fate decisions during development. (bioacademy.gr)

Chimerism is a phenomenon where an organism features two or more sets of cells with different genomes. (planer.com)

To determine the effect of TRF1 protein levels on telomere associations, we used live-cell fluorescence microscopy to visualize telomeres and chromosome dynamics in cells expressing defined levels of TRF1. (ubc.ca)
This protein was found to also interact with DNA polymerase alpha/primase and mediate the phosphorylation of the large p180 subunit, which suggests a regulatory role in DNA replication during the S-phase of the cell cycle. (cancerindex.org)
Rb , or retinoblastoma protein, is a key regulator of the cell cycle, particularly during the transition from the G1 to S phases. (biolegend.com)
Within the brain, the protein is involved in the development of specialized cells that process smell. (biolegend.com)
Hgc1 is a G1 cyclin-related protein and directly interacts with the master cell-cycle regulatory kinase Cdc28. (a-star.edu.sg)
For example, the SWI/SNF purified from undifferentiated ES cells contains a high level of BAF155 and a low level of BAF170 (both of which are homologs of yeast SWI3 protein), whereas that from differentiated cells contains nearly equal amounts of both. (elsevierpure.com)
PrPC is a susceptibility to infection of 5 cell lines used or proposed for nonessential protein but, at least in mice and cows, must be manufacture of biological products, as well as other lines. (cdc.gov)

A second press release [2] has indicated stem cell source, resulting in widespread excitement that the program is planning to move forward very rapidly, with all of the patients being enrolled in the Correspondence to: Roger A. Barker, John van Geest Centre first quarter of 2016 and interim results being shared for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Univer- in October 2016. (lu.se)

Notch receptors and Notch ligands were detected in virtually all cells throughout EB development. (karger.com)
This study represents an important step in the development of a commercially scalable and efficacious cell therapy for SLE/LN. (nature.com)
We show that the enzymatic acetylation and deacetylation of a cell surface carbohydrate controls B cell development, signaling, and immunological tolerance. (harvard.edu)
Pax6 is a transcription factor present during embryonic development. (biolegend.com)
They found that one family member, DAZL, functions very early in germ cell development, while two others, DAZ1 and BOULE, stimulate the then-mature germ cells to divide to form gametes. (sciencedaily.com)
This suggests that BOULE may play a larger role than the other proteins in the development of female germ cells. (sciencedaily.com)
The developing embryo, from which pluripotent stem cells originate, undergoes a series of dynamic metabolic transitions synchronized to its molecular development. (conditionmed.org)
Furthermore, the course covers the most important processes in early embryo development, such as fertilisation, cell division, establishment of position information, polarity and asymmetries, and formation of body axes and gastrulation as preconditions for extremity development, regeneration and formation of the body's most important organs. (lu.se)
All cell lines we studied resisted between accumulation of PrPTSE and the development infection with 3 TSE agents, including the BSE agent. (cdc.gov)

Hepatocytes derived from iPS cells are suitable for transplantation into patients with liver insufficiency and for use in toxicity tests ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Treatment selection takes into account patient age, fitness, and whether autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is planned. (medscape.com)

Cell Reports, Available online 14 November 2023. (lu.se)

We also observed telomere aggregates, mitotic bypass, and TRF1 bridges persisting into the following cell cycle. (ubc.ca)

Simultaneous inhibition of BRAF-dependent IKK-α activity, BRD4, and the JAK/STAT pathway enhanced the therapeutic potential of 5-fluorouracil combined with irinotecan in CRC cells and is curative in a chemotherapy-resistant xenograft model. (bvsalud.org)

Dr. Yue Wang's laboratory investigates the molecular mechanisms that control the growth transition, particularly how cells establish and maintain the highly polarized hyphal morphogenesis. (a-star.edu.sg)
Therefore, these studies only provide partial mechanisms of miRNA functions in stem cells, and the overall systems mechanisms of how miRNAs regulate stem cell processes remain largely elusive. (biomedcentral.com)
This complexity of miRNA interaction network presents a challenge for conventional approaches like gene-knockout to unbiasedly capture the real mechanisms of miRNA functions in stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, myeloperoxidase (MPO), an abundant enzyme of inflammatory cells (neutrophils), - involved in the principal defense mechanisms of innate immunity -was also effective in oxidative biodegradation of CNT in biochemical models and in cells yielding the products that did not cause pulmonary inflammation in mice [14] . (cdc.gov)

Considerable time and effort has been spent in developing targeted therapies to fight SLE, yet only one therapy, belimumab (Benlysta), a monoclonal antibody targeting B cell-activating factor, or BAFF, has been approved for the treatment of SLE in the last half-century 16 . (nature.com)

Cell, 2001 Jun 1. (nih.gov)

Similar structures are found in many cell types in diverse organisms, such as dendritic protrusions of neurons, root hairs and pollen tubes. (a-star.edu.sg)
Several academic and industry efforts are well under owned subsidiary Cyto Therapeutics, it had received way to produce dopaminergic neurons from stem approval by the Australian government to conduct a cells under conditions compliant with use in patients. (lu.se)

A non-canonical tricarboxylic acid cycle underlies cellular identity. (wikipedia.org)
Pyruvate enters the tricarboxylic acid cycle to generate energy. (spandidos-publications.com)
Under low-oxygen conditions, pyruvate does not enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle, but is instead metabolized to lactate. (spandidos-publications.com)

Ident- cult to deduce interaction rules from observations of the ified transcription factors for specific cell fates are, for entire system. (lu.se)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) critically modulate stem cell properties like pluripotency, but the fundamental mechanism remains largely unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
MiRNAs vary their functions with stem cell states. (biomedcentral.com)
Results of the present study lay a conceptual framework for future studies and applications of miRNAs in stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
To systematically reveal the roles of miRNAs in stem cells, this study first constructed a systems network [ 17 ] of interactions between miRNAs and proteins by combining multiple published datasets. (biomedcentral.com)
Our data also indicates that miRNA clusters enriched in NSCs share the target-determining seed sequence with cell cycle regulatory miRNAs expressed in pluripotent hESCs. (muni.cz)

Anatomy50

Organisms12

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs71

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment50

Phenomena and Processes69

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Differentiation40

ESCs4

Embryoid Bodies1

Self-renewal3

Human35

Embryos5

Biology9

Proliferation4

Fibroblasts1

Tissues7

Progression1

Differentiate8

Metabolism5

Germ layers2

Parthenogenetic2

Expression5

Captured in vitro1

Adult3

Mouse8

Chromatin4

Tissue3

Haploid3

Genomic1

Lineages4

Hematopoietic3

Genes7

Engineered chimeric1

Transcriptional2

Regulates1

Zebrafish3

HESC1

Vitro2

Nucleus1

Epigenetic2

Regulation3

Parkinson's3

Regenerative Medicine1

Progenitor cells1

Fate2

Organism1

Protein7

20161

Development9

Transplantation2

20231

Mitotic1

Pathway1

Mechanisms4

Therapies1

20011

Neurons2

Tricarboxylic acid3

Fates1

MiRNAs5