Embryonic stem cells pluripotent es cells embryonic cell differentiation. Medical search. Frequent questions

During differentiation the expression of stem cell specific genes and markers are often lost and cells acquire gene expression profiles of somatic cells or their precursors. (justia.com)
Induced pluripotent stem cells, which have been generated from somatic cells by introducing Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc, and which are similar to ES cells in morphology, gene expression, epigenetic status and differentiation, can also differentiate into insulin-producing cells. (wjgnet.com)
These cell types are capable of unlimited, undifferentiated proliferation in vitro and still maintain the capacity to differentiate into a wide variety of somatic cells. (rndsystems.com)
Generation of reprogrammed somatic cells, known as induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, was initially performed by ectopic expression of four transcription factors, however, now this process is becoming more streamlined by improved methods. (edu.au)
Its major objective was to produce a gene expression atlas covering the development of ES cells into all three germ layers (ecto-, meso-, and endoderm) and into somatic cells. (europa.eu)
Understanding the genetic pathways underlying differentiation of ES cells to somatic cells would contribute to future therapeutic strategies for degenerative diseases such as heart disease, diabetes and Parkinson's. (europa.eu)
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) generated by reprogramming of somatic cells are also discussed and related to the pluripotent cell states which can be captured during normal embryonic development. (dundee.ac.uk)
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are naturally derived from early stage embryos and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are reprogrammed from somatic cells with overexpression of four reprogramming factors, Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc. (biomedcentral.com)
Previous studies have demonstrated successful reprogramming of somatic cells into a pluripotent embryonic stem cell-like state via transduction or direct transfection. (usc.edu)
This presentation will describe the current status of strategies to generate induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from mouse and human somatic cells for patient-specific disease modeling and cell therapeutic applications. (selectbiosciences.com)
In contrast, adult stem cells can only give rise to differentiated somatic cells of the particular tissue from which these cells originated (Can/Hematol 2008). (papersowl.com)
The methodology included inducing differentiated somatic cells with the primary genes responsible for embryonic stem cell potency. (papersowl.com)

These tissues provide a unique in vitro model to study cardiac physiology with a species-specific advantage over cultured animal cells in experimental studies. (wikipedia.org)
Take an in vitro approach to human neural biomarker discovery and central nervous system (CNS) permeability with human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived organoids patterned to the choroid plexus, the specialized brain epithelium that forms the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. (stemcell.com)
Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukaemic Stem Cell environmental stress responses (In vitro biomimicry of hypoxia, normoxia, hypothermia, hyperthermia, hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia): Effect on cellular growth, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and cellular metabolism. (imperial.ac.uk)
The induction of a specific differentiated cell type can be useful for transplantation or drug screening and drug discovery in vitro. (justia.com)
Researchers at Kumamoto University added VEGF to undifferentiated ES cells and tracked the behavior of the entire genome and epigenome changes over time in vitro. (medicalxpress.com)
However, it is still unclear to what extent hiPSC may be capable of recapitulating in vitro the cellular and molecular features of the native retina, especially regarding photoreceptor differentiation and functional maturation. (nature.com)
Protocols for the in vitro differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells based on normal developmental processes, have generated insulin-producing cells, though at low efficiency and without full responsiveness to extracellular levels of glucose. (wjgnet.com)
Pluripotent embryonic carcinoma (EC) and embryonic stem (ES) cells cultivated as permanent lines offer a new approach for studying cardiogenic differentiation in vitro. (uni-luebeck.de)
We describe cardiogenesis in vitro by differentiating EC and ES cells by way of embryo-like aggregates (embryoid bodies) into spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes. (uni-luebeck.de)
Jeffrey Macklis' laboratory focuses on understanding molecular controls and mechanisms over neuron subtype specification, development, diversity, axon guidance-circuit formation, and pathology in the cerebral cortex (in mice and human neuron/ organoid/ assembloid models), and on applying developmental controls toward both brain and spinal cord regeneration and directed differentiation for in vitro mechanistic and therapeutic modeling. (harvard.edu)
Mouse ES cells have been widely utilized as an in vitro model to study cardiogenesis, as cardiomyocytes were found to spontaneously differentiate from ES cells after withdrawal of LIF (leukemia inhibitory factor), which functions to maintain the pluripotency of undifferentiated mouse ES cells [ 2 - 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
We are working to generate red blood cells in vitro from pluripotent stem cells, however the extremely large cell numbers involved pose unique challenges to culture technology and scale-up. (selectbiosciences.com)
The Biolaminin 521 cell culture substrates successfully recreate the biologically relevant hPSC milieu in vitro . (biolamina.com)
We discuss what is known about the distinct metabolic states captured in vitro by the 2-cell-like, naïve, blastocyst-like, formative, and primed states of pluripotency. (conditionmed.org)
2019). Akin to the dynamic nutrient requirements of the developing embryo, discrete in vitro cell states have distinct metabolic profiles (Zhou et al. (conditionmed.org)
It is only through understanding embryonic metabolism and development that we can derive and maintain different in vitro stem cell states for disease modeling and therapies. (conditionmed.org)
Also in vitro, the ES cells can be used to generate various types of cells and tissues. (wur.nl)
Yamanaka's Nobel Prize-winning research paved the way for similar in vitro development from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (wur.nl)
Until recently, it was believed that they were tissue-specific…however, this concept has been challenged… (multipotent cells) can differentiate in vitro and in vivo into various cell types not only from the tissue of origin" (Can/Hematol 2008). (papersowl.com)
Marking a vast leap in reproductive therapy, it became possible to isolate these human embryonic stem cells for reproductive purposes, such as in vitro fertilization. (papersowl.com)

Human engineered cardiac tissues (hECTs) are derived by experimental manipulation of pluripotent stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and, more recently, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to differentiate into human cardiomyocytes. (wikipedia.org)
Generally, when a stem cell culture is induced to differentiate, the differentiated population is analysed for particular cell types by expression of genes, markers or phenotypic analysis. (justia.com)
In particular, the induction of stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells (myocytes) is useful for muscle transplantation and therapeutic purposes, as well as providing potential human disease models in culture (e.g. for testing pharmaceuticals). (justia.com)
They found that the histone code, which alters the transcriptional state of the gene, changes over time as stem cells differentiate into blood vessels in response to a stimulus. (medicalxpress.com)
The defining characteristics of pluripotent stem cells, which include embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, are straightforward: their ability to self-renew and differentiate into ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm germ layers. (genengnews.com)
The most widely accepted method for determining whether a population of cells is truly pluripotent is the teratoma assay, that is, verifying in vivo a cell population's ability to differentiate into each of the three germ layers via teratoma formation in mice. (genengnews.com)
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are able to grow indefinitely (self-renewal) and also have the to differentiate into every mature cell types (pluripotency). (healthyguide.info)
The suggestion that epigenetic regulation is an important instrument to control Sera cell pluripotency versus their capacity to differentiate is definitely further supported from the findings the PcG protein Suz12 is required for Sera cell differentiation (Pasini et al. (healthyguide.info)
Set-up a paradigm for driving hESC to differentiate towards the neural stem cells nnd then neurons. (jcmm.cz)
Naturally occurring Mesenchymal 'adult' stem cells are able to differentiate into a variety of cell types, including bone, cartilage, muscle and fat cells, that can promote healing and reduce pain and inflammation. (kansasrmc.com)
It thoroughly investigated the unique ability of mouse embryonic stem cells to develop into cells of any organ ("pluripotency"), created new tools for functional genomic studies and thus provided key knowledge to understanding the commitment of cells to differentiate into cells of a particular germ layer. (europa.eu)
Stem cells are unique due to their ability to limitlessly self-renew and differentiate into each cell type in the adult body. (biolegend.com)
The capability of these cells to differentiate depends on the stem cell type, the regulation of gene expression by various transcription factors and interaction with the stem cell niche 1,4 . (biolegend.com)
Transcription factors have an important role in the ability of a cell to self-renew and also differentiate into most cell types, also known as pluripotency 1 . (biolegend.com)
We explore the recently described metabolic surge event that occurs as pluripotency is lost and stem cells commit to differentiate. (conditionmed.org)
Unlike other stem cells, embryonic stem cells are pluripotent and have the ability to differentiate into any specialized cell in the body that can be used to regenerate or repair damaged tissues (Mayo Clinic, 2012). (bartleby.com)
To delve further into the specifics, embryonic and adult stem cells fall into potency categories reflecting their ability to differentiate: totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, and unipotent. (papersowl.com)
Oligopotent stem cells, though not often widely discussed, have the ability to differentiate into a few cells (Kara et al. (papersowl.com)
A stem cell is commonly defined as a cell that has the ability to continuously divide and produce progeny cells that differentiate (develop) into various other types of cells or tissues. (bvsalud.org)

The developmental progression of embryonic stem cells into specialist cell types involves the activation of lineage-specific programs of gene expression and the silencing of genes involved in maintaining pluripotency. (ca.gov)
These findings were important since they provide new insights as to how such regulatory elements find each other with great speed, selectivity and specificity to induce lineage specific patterns of gene expression both in embryonic stem cells and differentiated progeny. (ca.gov)
Differentiation is a complex process involving actions of ES cell core factors, lineage specific regulators, epigenetic modifications, and chromatin remodelers. (utexas.edu)
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Whilst differentiation of some lineage specific stem cells can be induced with a degree of certainty, a differentiation outcome of a population of pluripotent stem cells is less predictable. (justia.com)
2007 and that a practical NuRD (nucleosome redesigning and disruption) complex which is definitely involved in nucleosome remodeling is required for the lineage commitment of Sera cells (Kaji et al. (healthyguide.info)
Deletion of Jarid2 leads to impaired orchestration of gene expression during cell lineage commitment. (sdbonline.org)
This process accelerates upon acquisition of primed pluripotency and returns to low levels in lineage committed cells. (uni-muenchen.de)
The interaction between these signal transduction pathways is of critical importance, as it ultimately orchestrates the behaviour of ES cells by controlling the expression of pluripotency determinants as well as lineage effectors. (dundee.ac.uk)
One of these obstacles is that the human embryonic stem cells have to be differentiated into the cardiac lineage (Gepstein et al,), thus researchers need to develop strategies to direct differentiation into that line of cells. (bartleby.com)
In particular, an excess of Cdx2 over Oct4 determines the trophectoderm lineage whereas an excess of Gata-6 over Nanog determines differentiation into the endoderm lineage. (lu.se)
Citation: Chickarmane V, Peterson C (2008) A Computational Model for Understanding Stem Cell, Trophectoderm and Endoderm Lineage Determination. (lu.se)

Background: Bivalent chromatin domains consisting of the activating histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and repressive histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) histone modifications are enriched at developmental genes that are repressed in embryonic stem cells but active during differentiation. (researchgate.net)
Here we show that bivalent domains and chromosome architecture for bivalent genes are dynamically regulated during the cell cycle in human pluripotent cells. (researchgate.net)
Central to this is the transient increase in H3K4-trimethylation at developmental genes during G1, thereby creating a 'window of opportunity' for cell-fate specification. (researchgate.net)
Transcriptome analysis revealed the persistent expression of pluripotency genes and underexpression of developmental genes during differentiation in the absence of Kdm5b, suggesting that KDM5B plays a key role in cellular fate changes. (nih.gov)
We found that a large fraction of genes were differentially localized in human thymocytes derived from embryonic stem cells versus human myeloid cells. (ca.gov)
This screen is capable of analyzing the expression of 48 genes simultaneously across dozens of different samples, and our gene list covers all three germ layers that arise during normal embryonic development, the trophectoderm, and epigenetic regulators of chromatin status. (utexas.edu)
Our signature-based screen established several categories of genes based on their comparative functions during the differentiation of ES cells. (utexas.edu)
In some cases, "master" genes have been described which control differentiation versus self-renewal. (justia.com)
Methods of inducing differentiation in stem cells and muscle cells produced therefrom may be used for the study of cellular and molecular biology of tissue development, for the discovery of genes and proteins such as differentiation factors that play a role in tissue development and regeneration. (justia.com)
At 48 hours, after differentiation into vascular endothelium was determined, a system of transcription was established in which genes unique to vascular endothelial differentiation were induced. (medicalxpress.com)
2006 Oddly enough several focus on genes aren't expressed in Ha sido cells. (healthyguide.info)
Recent reviews demonstrated that in Ha sido cells many differentiation genes are silenced by Polycomb group (PcG) complexes indicating that the epigenetic rules of gene manifestation is essential for maintaining Sera cell pluripotency (Azuara et al. (healthyguide.info)
2006 Interestingly many of the repressed Nanog Oct4 and Sox2 target genes were cooccupied by PcG complexes suggesting that Sera cells are poised to enter differentiation programs but are held in check by PcG-mediated chromatin modifications. (healthyguide.info)
These functional characteristics are in accordance with the expression of α- and β-cardiac myosin heavy chain at early differentiation stages and the additional expression of ventricular-specific MLC-2V and atrial-specific ANF genes at terminal stages demonstrated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. (uni-luebeck.de)
A temporally controlled influence of RA on cardiac differentiation and expression of cardiac-specific genes was found. (uni-luebeck.de)
In particular, FUNGENES identified genes controlling the development of pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells into heart cells (cardiomyocytes), nerve cells (neurons), smooth muscle cells, vascular endothelial cells, fat cells (adipocytes), liver cells (hepatocytes) and insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. (europa.eu)
This study demonstrated that it is possible to reprogram human dermal fibroblast cells to a pluripotency state although further studies are needed using different reprogramming methods and other pluripotency genes. (usc.edu)
The underphosphorylated, active form of Rb interacts directly with E2F1 , leading to cell cycle arrest, while the hyperphosphorylated form decouples from E2F1, thus promoting the transcription of genes promoting entry into the S phase. (biolegend.com)
ES-derived cardiomyocytes also express a number of cardiomyocyte-specific genes, including "the transcription factors GATA and Nkx2.5, which play a significant role in heart formation in vertebrates" (Kehat et al, 2001). (bartleby.com)
Numerous studies have shown that viral vectors can be used to implant osteoinductive growth factor genes directly into the paraspinal muscles or into cells that can subsequently be implanted next to the spine. (medscape.com)
Also, under/over-expression studies of the master regulator Oct4 have revealed that some self-renewal/pluripotency as well as differentiation genes are expressed in a biphasic manner with respect to the concentration of Oct4. (lu.se)
The model also predicts that reprogramming the network from a differentiated state, in particular the endoderm state, into a stem cell state, is best achieved by over-expressing Nanog, rather than by suppression of differentiation genes such as Gata-6. (lu.se)
TFs being expressed and the downstream differentiation target been established as candidates to regulate both pluripotency and genes being shut off [11]. (lu.se)

The FUNGENES project aimed to achieve a detailed basic understanding of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. (europa.eu)
Genetic regulation involving various transcription factors results in the self-renewal and differentiation properties of stem cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Here, I review the progress made in understanding how signals from the environment influence pluripotent cell self-renewal and differentiation and discuss some of the differences encountered between pluripotent cells from various species and distinct developmental origins. (dundee.ac.uk)

The fertilized oocyte is totipotent, with resultant blastomeres capable of generating all three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, in addition to the extra embryonic tissues. (conditionmed.org)
The blastocyst comprises the inner cell mass (ICM), which gives rise to the three primary germ layers and consequently the fetus, and the trophectoderm (TE), which gives rise to the extraembryonic and placental tissue. (conditionmed.org)
Dr. Henri Woelders, of Wageningen Livestock Research (WLR) and the Centre for Genetic Resources, the Netherlands (CGN) presented on the potential of cryopreservation and use of various types of germplasm in pigs and chicken, focussing on embryos, gonads, primordial germ cells and semen, and including some highlights from the EU Horizon 2020 IMAGE project (LINK). (wur.nl)
Cryopreservation and transfer of gonads was shown to be an effective means in bird and mammalian species, while primordial germ cells offer possibilities and potential advantages in bird and fish species. (wur.nl)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from the 'inner cell mass' of an early embryo give rise to all future cells and tissue of an animal, including the primordial germ cells, which ultimately form the germ cells (sperm or oocytes). (wur.nl)
This pluripotency enables these cells to produce daughter cells of all differentiated somatic cell types, germ cells, and cells of all three embryonic germ layers (Can/Hematol 2008). (papersowl.com)
ES cells are pluripotent cells, which mean that they can give rise to all differentiated cell types derived from all three germ layers. (bvsalud.org)

ES cells have been an invaluable resource for advancing fundamental understanding of global transcriptional and epigenetic regulations, signaling pathways, and noncoding RNA in mammalian systems. (utexas.edu)
The following chapters cover the epigenetic systems of plants, the epigenetic profile of embryonic stem cells, cell differentiation, imprinting marks, and random X chromosome inactivation. (caister.com)
Epigenetic plasticity underpins cell potency, but the extent to which active turnover of DNA methylation contributes to such plasticity is not known and the underlying pathways are poorly understood. (uni-muenchen.de)

Pluripotent stem cells have great potential for use in regenerative medicine and are an important tool for understanding developmental and disease mechanisms. (genengnews.com)
To take human organ generation via BC and transplantation to the next step, we reviewed current emerging organ generation technologies and the associated efficiency of chimera formation in human cells from the standpoint of developmental biology. (frontiersin.org)
Our study shows a developmental stage specific regulation of synemin isoforms in ES cells and its neural derivatives. (biomedcentral.com)
During cardiomyocyte differentiation three distinct developmental stages were defined by expression of specific action potentials and ionic currents measured by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. (uni-luebeck.de)
Generation of Pluripotent Stem Cells and their Developmental Potential" by Brock J. Conley, Mark Denham et al. (edu.au)
Both ES cells and iPS cells are pluripotent stem cells with capabilities of indefinite self-renewal and can be differentiated into almost all cell types of the body, which make them valuable for studying early developmental biology, for modeling and as therapy for human diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Using these definitions, embryonic stem cells can be classified as totipotent or pluripotent at different developmental stages and locations, whereas adult stem cells can be categorized as pluripotent, multipotent, or unipotent (Figure 1). (papersowl.com)
Development: For advances in developmental biology and stem cells. (lu.se)

Human pluripotent stem cells are differentiated into cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) in culture through a milieu containing small-molecule mediators (e.g. cytokines, growth and transcription factors). (wikipedia.org)
What makes characterization challenging is that heterogeneity within a given stem cell population can cause variability in the differentiation into important downstream lineages, such as cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes. (genengnews.com)
Permanent cultures of cardiac cells described so far have limited value for studying cell biology and pharmacology of the developing heart because of the loss of proliferative capacity and cardiac-specific properties of cardiomyocytes during long-term cultivation. (uni-luebeck.de)
Whereas early differentiated cardiomyocytes are characterized by action potentials and ionic currents typical for early pacemaker cells, terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes show action potentials and ionic currents inherent to ventricular-, atrial- or sinus nodal-like cells. (uni-luebeck.de)
We conclude that ES cell-derived cardiomyocytes provide an excellent cellular model to study early cardiac development and to perform pharmacological and embryotoxicological investigations. (uni-luebeck.de)
In this review, we describe the cardiac differentiation from ES cells, iPS cells, and the current progress of using iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes for heart disease modeling and for the development of therapeutic strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, we summarize the recent direct reprogramming of cardiomyocytes from fibroblast cells, which provides another method for potential heart disease therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Evaluation of the cardiotoxicity of mitragynine and its analogues using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. (1library.org)
Efficient and scalable purification of cardiomyocytes from human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells by VCAM1 surface expression. (1library.org)
This is of particular interest in cardiovascular medicine because the loss of differentiated adult cardiomyocytes, such as in a heart attack, are mostly irreplaceable (Gepstein et al, ).Furthermore, embryonic stem cells can provide an "unlimited number of human cardiac cells for transplantation" (Gepstein et al,) and lead to characterization such as, "resistance to ischemia (an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles. (bartleby.com)

This has catalyzed research in both early embryogenesis as a model system for mammalian development as well as regenerative medicine as a renewable source of unspecialized cells which can be converted into nearly any cell type required by a patient. (utexas.edu)
Regenerative medicine has made remarkable progress due to research with embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. (medicalxpress.com)
In regenerative medicine today, adult stem cells hold the most promise for personal cell-based therapies. (kansasrmc.com)
Stem cell biology and regenerative medicine, Humana Press, pp. 49-68. (dundee.ac.uk)
Stem cell-based regenerative medicine shows much promise. (selectbiosciences.com)
Due to this potential, embryonic stem cells have raised much prospect in regenerative medicine and biomedical research. (bartleby.com)
Such an approach is highly relevant to regenerative medicine since it allows for a rapid search over the host of possibilities for reprogramming to a stem cell state. (lu.se)

abstract = "Since their discovery more than 30 years ago, embryonic stem (ES) cells have been propelled from relative obscurity into the centre stage of international attention. (dundee.ac.uk)

This 3D scaffold, along with collagen - a major component of the cardiac extracellular matrix - provides the appropriate conditions to promote cardiomyocyte organization, growth and differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
Support the growth and differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells by using Vitronectin XF™, a defined and xeno-free cell culture matrix. (stemcell.com)
The practice of dentistry is likely to be revolutionized by biological therapies based on growth and differentiation factors that accelerate and/or induce a natural biological regeneration. (bvsalud.org)

As ChIP-seq cannot establish physical co-occurrence of two marks on the same allele, admixture of cells that either express (green) or do not express (red) the gene in focus could explain the occurrence of both marks as well as the low expression level in the overall population. (researchgate.net)
In contrast, in the case of ''true'' bivalency, virtually all cells in the population carry both marks simultaneously at the promoter in question, leading to low, if any, expression for that gene in all cells. (researchgate.net)
Histone modifications and chromatin-associated protein complexes are crucially involved in the control of gene expression, supervising cell fate decisions and differentiation. (researchgate.net)
A collaborative research group from Kumamoto University, Kyoto University, and the University of Tokyo in Japan investigated the changes in gene functions that occur when stem cells become vascular cells. (medicalxpress.com)
The different expression of isoforms H, M and L of synemin in the nervous system raises several questions about the regulation of synemin gene expression during the determination of glial and neuronal cell lineages in the central and the peripheral nervous system (CNS and PNS). (biomedcentral.com)
This selectivity suggests that the commitment of CNS precursor cells to form glia or neuron involves the direct regulation of the single synemin gene. (biomedcentral.com)
The development of high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) at the single-cell level has already led to profound new discoveries in biology, ranging from the identification of novel cell types to the study of global patterns of stochastic gene expression. (wisc.edu)
Although some tools for analysing RNA-seq data from bulk cell populations can be readily applied to single-cell RNA-seq data, many new computational strategies are required to fully exploit this data type and to enable a comprehensive yet detailed study of gene expression at the single-cell level. (wisc.edu)
FUNGENES identified the gene subsets that are active in self-renewing cells, during the exit from pluripotency and at specific stages of mouse ES cell differentiation. (europa.eu)
The neomycin-resistant gene driven by the cardiac α-myosin heavy chain promoter was stably transfected into ES cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression profiling during ES cell differentiation suggests that the gene, Pitx2, is highly expressed in differentiating cells, which are no longer in an ES cell-like state. (usc.edu)
Therefore, we hypothesized that Pitx2 is a candidate gene for inhibiting pluripotency gene expression and that Pitx2 knockdown might enhance reprogramming in fibroblast cells. (usc.edu)
Using alkaline phosphatase staining to mark ES cells, we identified ES-like colonies that were reprogrammed from fibroblast cells in the plate where OSKM factors were present and the Pitx2 gene was silenced. (usc.edu)
A thorough understanding of the Pitx2 gene will lead to more efficient reprogramming strategies, enabling large-scale production of iPS cells and producing an alternative to embryonic stem cells for use in research and therapy for diabetes, heart failure, Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. (usc.edu)
Top PDF Morphologic and gene expression criteria for identifying human induced pluripotent stem cells. (1library.org)
Persistent donor cell gene expression among human induced pluripotent stem cells contributes to differences with human embryonic stem cells. (1library.org)
RUNX1 regulates CD4 gene transcription during multiple stages of T cell development and represses the CD4 gene in CD4-CD8- (double negative) T cells. (biolegend.com)

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold great potential for the modelling of these diseases or as potential therapeutic agents. (nature.com)
These induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be generated by forced expression of the four sets of transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM). (usc.edu)

However, the molecular pathways that lead to specification and terminal differentiation of specific cell types, such as myocytes, from embryonic stem cells during development are not entirely clear. (justia.com)
These findings revealed that RUNX1 acts as a tumor suppressor for myeloid leukemia and is crucial for the development and terminal differentiation of several blood cell lineages 2,3 . (biolegend.com)

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the embryo and are pluripotent, thus possessing the capability of developing into any organ, cell type or tissue type. (justia.com)
In human embryonic development, BMP-4 is a critical signaling molecule required for the early differentiation of the embryo and establishment of a dorsal-ventral axis 2,3 . (anhsci.com)
Biolaminin 521 (laminin-521 protein) is a key cell adhesion protein of the natural stem cell niche, expressed and secreted by human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in the inner cell mass of the embryo. (biolamina.com)
Here, we consider the metabolism of the early embryo through development, and look at the nutrient milieu within the developing stem cell niche. (conditionmed.org)
The developing embryo, from which pluripotent stem cells originate, undergoes a series of dynamic metabolic transitions synchronized to its molecular development. (conditionmed.org)
Up to the 2-cell embryo, blastomeres remain totipotent (Garner and McLaren, 1974). (conditionmed.org)
In the mouse, a transporting epithelium is established around the 8-16-cell stage through a process known as compaction where cell definition is lost and the outer cells of the embryo form tight junctions, giving rise to the blastocyst. (conditionmed.org)
A pluripotent stem cell has the potential to form all cells of the embryo, but cannot form a placenta. (papersowl.com)
Embryonic stem cells are stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of an early, preimplantation stage embryo known as a blastocyst. (bvsalud.org)

During the past year we have identified the folding patterns of human embryonic stem cells to iPS cells derived from human B cells. (ca.gov)
Briefly, iPS cells derived from human B cells were generated as follows. (ca.gov)
Human B cells were isolated from human cord blood and transduced with viral vectors expressing Oct4, Sox2, KLF4 and c-Myc. (ca.gov)
Next the interactome of the iPS cells was determined and compared to that of human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
Using an ensemble of computational strategies we found that the majority of genomic regions in iPS cells derived from human B cells was indistinguishable from that of human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
Specifically, we found that approximately 700 genomic regions located throughout the genome showed differential nuclear positioning upon comparing iPS cells derived from human lymphoid cells to that of human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
These data indicate that the majority of the genome derived from that of human embryonic stem cells shows a similar pattern in chromatin folding as compared to that of iPS cells derived from human B cells but that they differ from each other in a subset of genomic regions. (ca.gov)
Here, we extended the approach to describe the genome topologies of differentiated human lymphoid and myeloid cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. (ca.gov)
Specifically, we have generated differentiated human myeloid and DP thymocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS). (ca.gov)
We plan to scale up the in situ HiC described here to chart the 3D-genomes of human lymphoid and myeloid cells in order to more to determine genomic regions that are differentially localized in the heterochromatic versus euchromatic compartments. (ca.gov)
We also would aim to describe in detail the 3D-architecture of lymphoid and myeloid genomes that are derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. (ca.gov)
During the past three years we have identified the folding patterns of human embryonic stem cells to iPS cells derived from human B cells, differentiated progeny and mechanisms that orchestrate the folding patterns of genomes. (ca.gov)
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Exploring the genetic, molecular and biological features of neural differentiation process from embryonic and patient-specific stem cells may offer an unprecedented chance to understand normal and abnormal human brain development and diseases, with implications for drug development and potential cellular replacement therapy. (yale.edu)
However, researchers have indicated that BMP-4 also induces differentiation of other pluripotent stem cells, including human ES cells. (u-tokyo.ac.jp)
Moreover, it has recently been shown that mouse and human ES cells can develop into a three-dimentional (3D) optic cup in culture that remarkably resembles the embryonic vertebrate eye 20 , 21 . (nature.com)
Here we have succeeded in inducing human iPSC to recapitulate the main steps of retinal development and to form fully laminated 3D retinal tissue by exploiting the intrinsic cues of the system to guide differentiation ( Supplementary Fig. 1 ). (nature.com)
His postdoctoral studies at the Institute for Stem Cell Research at the University of Edinburgh focused on neural induction and differentiation of mouse and human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (cureparkinsons.org.uk)
He also has a major focus on driving forward the use of human ES and iPS cells for use in cell replacement therapies for Parkinson's. (cureparkinsons.org.uk)
The GloLIVE™ Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Live Cell Imaging Kit and individual GloLIVE antibodies available from R&D Systems allow you to verify the pluripotency status of your stem cells by monitoring the expression of both positive and negative markers ( Figure 1 ). (genengnews.com)
The kit contains a set of azide-free, fluorochrome-conjugated GloLIVE antibodies that recognize two positive markers and one negative marker of human pluripotent stem cells. (genengnews.com)
Pluripotency of live human stem cell colonies was verified using a NorthernLights™ (NL) 493-conjugated Mouse Anti-Human SSEA-4 Monoclonal Antibody (green) and a NL557-conjugated Mouse Anti-Human TRA-1-60(R) Monoclonal Antibody (red). (genengnews.com)
We also offer defined culture media, which are specifically optimized for use with human or rodent pluripotent stem cells. (rndsystems.com)
In cultured stem cells, BMP-4 plays a distinct role in mouse and human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (anhsci.com)
In contrast, BMP-4 induces extra-embryonic trophoblast differentiation in human pluripotent stem cells 5 . (anhsci.com)
Stemfactor BMP-4 is a recombinant protein expressed and purified from human 293 cells as a glycosylated homodimer with a molecular mass of 34 kDa. (anhsci.com)
Stemfactor BMP-4 was expressed in and purified from human 293 cells. (anhsci.com)
Use Vitronectin XF™ with mTeSR™1 , mTeSR™ Plus , TeSR™-E8™ , or TeSR™-AOF medium to provide a defined culture system for the maintenance of human embryonic stem (ES) cells and human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells under feeder-free conditions. (stemcell.com)
This project is further to elucidate the role and the mechanism of NNAT in neural induction in human ES cells. (jcmm.cz)
This project will shed light on the complex networks that regulate neural specification in human ES (hES) cells and may provide paradigms for the derivation of more homogenous NSC cells from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells for stem cell replacement therapy. (jcmm.cz)
We used Sharpr-MPRA to test 4.6 million nucleotides spanning 15,000 putative regulatory regions tiled at 5-nucleotide resolution in two human cell types. (wisc.edu)
3. developed new embryonic stem cell-based approaches to screening of small candidate molecules for therapeutic applications in human diseases. (europa.eu)
and unique human subcellular biology relevant to ALS/MND, SCI, and ASD via directed subtype differentiation in iPS-derived multicomponent assembloids with relevant circuitry. (harvard.edu)
Specifically, human iPS cells could be utilized to generate patient-specific lineages for a variety of translational research. (biomedcentral.com)
We utilized retrovirus transduction to reprogram human dermal fibroblast cells. (usc.edu)
Novel culture and cryopreservation systems for human pluripotent stem cells and neural stem cells will be presented and their advantages and applicability in the production of high quality advanced therapeutic products or functional screening tools for preclinical research discussed. (selectbiosciences.com)
Clinical use of human embryonic stem (hES) cells is already being explored in a several phase1 safety trials. (selectbiosciences.com)
Broad T-cell receptor repertoire in T-lymphocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. (1library.org)
DNA methylation dynamics in human induced pluripotent stem cells over time. (1library.org)
Human induced pluripotent stem cells differentiation into oligodendrocyte progenitors and transplantation in a rat model of optic chiasm demyelination. (1library.org)
Negligible immunogenicity of induced pluripotent stem cells derived from human skin fibroblasts. (1library.org)
Genetic background drives transcriptional variation in human induced pluripotent stem cells. (1library.org)
Scalable passaging of adherent human pluripotent stem cells. (1library.org)
Efficient commitment to functional CD34+ progenitor cells from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem-cell-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. (1library.org)
Via integrin binding, Biolaminin 521 induces the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, promoting high survival and robust long-term self-renewal of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). (biolamina.com)
Together, Biosilk and Biolaminin 521 create a biologically relevant 3D culture environment for the expansion and differentiation of human ES and iPS cells. (biolamina.com)
The laminin 521 protein is also one of the most common laminins expressed in the human adult body and therefore Biolaminin 521 also supports the culture of specialized tissue cell types, such as pancreatic cells, liver cells, vascular cells, cardiac and skeletal muscle cells, and different neural cells. (biolamina.com)
Rb homeostasis is also essential for self-renewal and survival of human embryonic stem cells 10 . (biolegend.com)
Based on multiple RNA-Seq datasets, we systematically identified 300 human embryonic stem cell lincRNAs (hES lincRNAs). (biomedcentral.com)
Of which, one forth (78 out of 300) hES lincRNAs were further identified to be biasedly expressed in human ES cells. (biomedcentral.com)
As the first global profiling and annotating of human embryonic stem cell lincRNAs, this work aims to provide a valuable resource for both experimental biologists and bioinformaticians. (biomedcentral.com)
Combining a comprehensive collection of human embryonic stem cell RNA-Seq datasets with Human BodyMap 2, we validated that 295 previously annotated lincRNAs were expressed in multiple human embryonic stem cell samples and further identified five novel hES lincRNAs through de novo assembling. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, we surveyed and manually screened published hES RNA-Seq datasets in several public repositories, resulting in a list of 31 wild-type human embryonic stem cell samples. (biomedcentral.com)
Overall, the presence of stem cells is essential for proper human development and function as they contribute to the growth, maintenance, and repair of numerous physiological systems (Kara et al. (papersowl.com)
It wasn't until over a decade later, in the late 1990s, that human-derived stem cells were propelled to the forefront of experimentation. (papersowl.com)
The possible donor-host rejection of human ES cells is another concern 3 . (bvsalud.org)
To date, four types of human dental stem cells have been isolated and characterized: (i) dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) 12 (ii) stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) 21 (iii) stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP) 31 (iv) periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) 28 . (bvsalud.org)
Many existing protocols for neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent cells result in heterogeneous cell populations and unsynchronized differentiation, necessitating the development of methods for labeling specific cell populations. (lu.se)
This strategy provides a useful tool for visualization and identification of neural progeny derived from human pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)
We provide detailed protocols for lentiviral transduction, neural differentiation, and subsequent analysis of human embryonic stem cells. (lu.se)
Given this, human pluripotent stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripo- tent stem cells (hiPSCs), have become a unique cell source for study- ing early human brain development. (lu.se)
However, current protocols for deriving neurons from human pluripotent stem cells give rise to heterogeneous cell populations both in regard to the temporal aspects and the cellular composition. (lu.se)
Although possible, these strategies are often complicated to transfer to human cells due to technical issues (9 ), and only a few successful cases have been described ( 10, 11 ). (lu.se)
Here we describe how this system can be used for human embry- onic stem cells. (lu.se)
2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)
Immunohisto- have been used for positive selection of NSCs from em- chemistry on human embryonic central nervous system bryonic mice (Nagato et al. (lu.se)
CD133+), but are rarely codetected with the neural stem dents, very few human-specific NSC markers have been cell (NSC) marker CD15. (lu.se)

UTF1 KD perturbed Sera and embryonic carcinoma (EC) cell differentiation whereas their ability to self-renew was unaffected. (healthyguide.info)

Placing the cells under conditions which induce specific cell types has been one form of an attempt to regulate the differentiation outcome. (justia.com)
culturing a stem cell in the presence of an embryonic cell and/or extracellular medium of an embryonic cell, under conditions that induce differentiation of the stem cell. (justia.com)
Overexpression of embryonic transcription factors in stem cells could efficiently induce their differentiation into insulin-expressing cells. (wjgnet.com)
The ED50 is less than 30 ng/mL as determined by its ability to induce alkaline phosphatase production by mouse chondrogenic ATDC-5 cells. (anhsci.com)

While more and more long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) were identified to take important roles in both maintaining pluripotency and regulating differentiation, how these lincRNAs may define and drive cell fate decisions on a global scale are still mostly elusive. (biomedcentral.com)

Mouse embryonic fibroblasts may be used to maintain and expand pluripotent stem cells in an undifferentiated state. (rndsystems.com)

These findings provide functional insight into the role for KDM5B in regulating ES cell differentiation and as a barrier to the reprogramming process. (nih.gov)
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells which can give rise to a succession of mature functional cells. (justia.com)
To account for this high level of functional variation, verifying the pluripotency of stem cells-from the generation of a new cell line through its expansion for an experiment-is crucial. (genengnews.com)
All these diseases are characterised by the irreversible loss of functional cells. (europa.eu)
Researchers have also found evidence that embryonic stem cells contain myocytes portraying structural and functional properties consistent with early-stage cardiac tissue. (bartleby.com)
The idea to use transplants of dopa- ment of protocols that allow generation of fully functional mine-producing cells to substitute for the lost midbrain and safe midbrain dopamine neurons from stem cells. (lu.se)

Here, proximity-anchored in situ spectral coding amplification (ProxISCA) is proposed for multiplexed imaging of RNA mutations, enabling visual typing of brain gliomas with different pathological grades at the single-cell and tissue levels. (bvsalud.org)
A. Adult stem cells are "blank," or undifferentiated, cells that your body creates to replace dying cells or heal damaged tissue. (kansasrmc.com)
Stem cells include a diverse number of toti-, pluri-, and multi-potent cells that play important roles in cellular genesis and differentiation, tissue development, and organogenesis. (elsevierpure.com)
Increasing evidence shows that certain NRs function in regulating stemness or differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells and tissue-specific adult stem cells. (elsevierpure.com)
We have identified anti-cancer effects of Huaier, and its unique characteristics of 1) no side effects or toxicity, 2) in dose dependent manner, 3) causing specific cancer cell death with simultaneous tissue regeneration, 4) miRNA-mediated transcriptional control on the rescue of multiple signal transduction, by dependent on individual genomic potential. (fortunejournals.com)
International bi-monthly journal of cell signaling, tissue protection, and translational research. (conditionmed.org)
Although the aspect of being able to replace cardiac tissue is very promising, there are many obstacles that still have to be passed to fully utilize the potential of embryonic stem cells. (bartleby.com)
The key elements of tissue engineering are stem cells, morphogen, and a scaffold of extracellular matrix. (bvsalud.org)
Postnatal stem cells have been sourced from umbilical cord blood, umbilical cord, bone marrow, peripheral blood, body fat, and almost all body tissues, including the pulp tissue of teeth 8 . (bvsalud.org)
These dental stem cells are considered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and possess different levels of capacities to become specific tissue forming cells. (bvsalud.org)

The induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation in stem cells is especially useful in developing therapeutic methods and products for heart disease and abnormal heart conditions. (justia.com)
In order, therefore, to obtain a purified cardiomyocyte population from mouse ES cells, several approaches have been developed. (biomedcentral.com)

The success achieved over the last decade with islet transplantation has intensified interest in treating diabetes, not only by cell transplantation, but also by stem cells. (wjgnet.com)
The differentiated ES cell cultures are heterogeneous and contain undifferentiated ES cells, which could result in teratoma formation after transplantation into the host. (biomedcentral.com)

Our in vivo analysis also confirmed the expression of synemins H/M in multipotent neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of the adult brain, a neurogenic germinal niche of the mice. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings represent the first evidence that synemins could potentially be useful markers for distinguishing multipotent ES cells from undifferentiated neural stem cells and more committed progenitor cells. (biomedcentral.com)

However, the molecular mechanisms of how ES cells are differentiated remain much less understood. (utexas.edu)
State-of-the art technologies are used to investigate global molecular changes that arise during neuronal fate specification and differentiation from pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells. (yale.edu)
The molecular mechanisms which explain the paradoxical roles of BMP-4 in pluripotent stem cells remain unknown. (u-tokyo.ac.jp)
It will quite effectively cater to the needs of molecular biologists, molecular geneticists, cell and molecular biologists, animal, plant, and crop geneticists, synthetic biologists, biotechnologists, and researchers involved with the fields of stem cell and molecular aspects of cancer research. (caister.com)
Jeong, Y & Mangelsdorf, DJ 2009, ' Nuclear receptor regulation of stemness and stem cell differentiation ', Experimental and Molecular Medicine , vol. 41, no. 8, pp. 525-537. (elsevierpure.com)
Before delving into the molecular biology and therapeutic potentials of induced pluripotent stem cells, it is crucial to provide foundational definitions and descriptions. (papersowl.com)

In particular, the invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of embryonic stem cells into muscle cells or vascular endothelial cells. (justia.com)
During the creation of new blood vessels, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein differentiates stem cells into vascular endothelial cells and stimulates them to create new blood vessels. (medicalxpress.com)
The protein GATA2, which binds to ETV2 and supports vascular endothelial differentiation, was induced immediately thereafter. (medicalxpress.com)

Established a hESC-derived neural differentiation model. (jcmm.cz)

These findings will contribute to the development of more appropriate culture conditions for maintaining ES cells and/or induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and generation of high-quality iPS cells in more naïve states. (u-tokyo.ac.jp)
The process of differentiation in stem cells involves selective development of immature cells to committed and fully mature cells of various lineages. (justia.com)
Here we report that hiPSC can, in a highly autonomous manner, recapitulate spatiotemporally each of the main steps of retinal development observed in vivo and form three-dimensional retinal cups that contain all major retinal cell types arranged in their proper layers. (nature.com)
Joy then bravely reported this to Dr Kunath, who pursued this idea further and has since worked alongside Joy, Professor Perdita Barran at the University of Manchester and a team of researchers to isolate several substances in the skin which signal Parkinson's, potentially helping clinicians to diagnose the condition earlier and therefore allowing development of drugs to target and treat the condition and protect brain cells before they begin to die. (cureparkinsons.org.uk)
Our analysis of mouse development from embryonic day 5 to 15 (E5 to E15) has demonstrated that synemin M mRNA is produced at E5 as early as nestin and vimentin mRNA, prior to the appearance of the H isoform. (biomedcentral.com)
For testing the influence of exogenous compounds on cardiac differentiation the teratogenic compound retinoic acid (RA) was applied during distinct stages of embryoid body development. (uni-luebeck.de)
This complex process occurs in several steps and controls the development of pluripotent cells into highly specialised cells of an organism. (europa.eu)
The opportunities and challenges of development of stem cell-based therapeutic interventions for joint surface repair for the treatment and prevention of osteoarthritis will be discussed. (selectbiosciences.com)
This presentation describes the current state of the stem cells marketplace as it relates to their utilization for pharmaceutical screening as well as their development for cellular therapy. (selectbiosciences.com)
Pax6 is a transcription factor present during embryonic development. (biolegend.com)
Within the brain, the protein is involved in the development of specialized cells that process smell. (biolegend.com)
2020). This places metabolism at the forefront of development and cell state decisions. (conditionmed.org)
Literature review: This review summarizes current knowledge, barriers, and challenges in the clinical use of adult stem cells, scaffolds, and growth factors for the development and evaluation of regenerative endodontic therapies. (bvsalud.org)
The major areas of research that might have application in the development of regenerative endodontic techniques are (a) postnatal stem cells, (b) scaffold materials, (c) morphogen/growth factors, (d) implantation. (bvsalud.org)

1983) and the multipotent progenitor cells from fetal disease (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 2000). (lu.se)

However, it is unclear how H3K4 demethylation contributes to ES cell function and participates in induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell reprogramming. (nih.gov)
Here, we show that KDM5B, which demethylates H3K4, is important for ES cell differentiation and presents a barrier to the reprogramming process. (nih.gov)
We also observed accelerated reprogramming of differentiated cells in the absence of Kdm5b, demonstrating that KDM5B is a barrier to the reprogramming process. (nih.gov)
To gain new insights into pathogenesis of specific neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism, pluripotent stem cells are derived by reprogramming of differentiated, mature cells of affected patients. (yale.edu)
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be generated by somatic cell reprogramming following the exogenous expression of specific transcription factors (Oct-3/4, KLF4, SOX2, and c-Myc). (rndsystems.com)
Preliminary reprogramming was assessed by the detection of red fluorescent in cells infected with red fluorescent protein. (usc.edu)
We found that after infection, long and thin fibroblast cells transformed into round ES cell-like colonies and were more transparent 11 days after reprogramming. (usc.edu)
Reprogramming of differentiated cells can be efficiently induced in oocytes. (selectbiosciences.com)
It provides a framework to explore strategies of reprogramming a cell from a differentiated state to a stem cell state through directed perturbations. (lu.se)
Recent breakthroughs in reprogramming differentiated cells loops. (lu.se)
A computational model of master regulators that are required for successful reprogramming the dynamics of this core network has revealed that it functions as of a differentiated cell into a cell exhibiting stem cell like a bistable switch, which in the on state, corresponds to all these properties. (lu.se)

Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells, meaning that they can give rise to all tissues in the body. (utexas.edu)
Adult stem cells have been used for a variety of medical treatments to repair and regenerate acute and chronically damaged tissues - from joint and muscle injuries to cardiac and pulmonary conditions to autoimmune disorders. (kansasrmc.com)
It is already known that embryonic stem cells have the ability to replace diseased and damaged tissues. (bartleby.com)
Totipotent stem cells contain all the constituents necessary to produce a living being, given that these cells can supply all embryonic and extraembryonic tissues required for proper growth (Can/Hematol 2008). (papersowl.com)
All tissues originate from stem cells. (bvsalud.org)

More recently, advances in medical biology have shown that the genomic state of a somatic cell can be altered or 'reprogrammed' to become pluripotent. (edu.au)
Macklis is the Max and Anne Wien Professor of Life Sciences, and Professor of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, in the Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University. (harvard.edu)
At the core of the network reside Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog, into embryonic stem cells [1,2,3,4,5], have made major inroads which form a self-organized core of the TFs maintaining into stem cell biology. (lu.se)

To establish protocols for the safe and efficient differentiation of healthy cells for therapies, we must develop a better understanding of the dynamic continuum of metabolic states that span pluripotency and differentiation, and how to influence them. (conditionmed.org)
We provide detailed protocols for the generation of lentiviral vectors, the transduction of hES-cells, and their differentia- tion into neurons. (lu.se)
Finally, we provide protocols for analyzing these cells through flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. (lu.se)

Dynamically and epigenetically coordinated gata/ets/sox transcription factor expression is indispensable for endothelial cell differentiation. (medicalxpress.com)
Furthermore, they found that a transcription factor group essential for blood vessel differentiation (ETS/GATA/SOX) has a previously unknown role. (medicalxpress.com)
Schematic representation of the genetic regulatory network linking four transcription factors and EC differentiation. (medicalxpress.com)
Transcription factors SOX and FLI1, both important for endothelial differentiation, were induced between 12 and 24 hours. (medicalxpress.com)
Previously, in the region that controls the function of the transcription factor that promotes differentiation from ES cells to a specific cell type, bivalent modifications of histones such as the accelerator and brake histone marks for transcription were thought to have coexisted. (medicalxpress.com)
2004 Intracellular regulators of Ha sido cell self-renewal consist of Oct4 Sox2 Nanog as well as the lately implicated transcription elements Sall4 Esrrb Tbx3 and Tcl1 (Yuan et al. (healthyguide.info)
STAT3 protein belongs to a group of intracellular transcription factors that mediate a variety of functions such as cellular differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. (biolegend.com)
Background: Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties: self renewal and pluripotency. (lu.se)

Today, the cutting-edge of the science focuses on Mesenchymal stem cells found in an adult's blood, bone marrow and fatty deposits. (kansasrmc.com)

These antibodies are added to live, unfixed cells in a single-step assay that takes only 30 minutes and has no adverse effects on stemness or proliferation. (genengnews.com)
1998 A recent study suggested a role for PHA-793887 UTF1 in the proliferation rate and teratoma-forming capacity of Sera cells (Nishimoto et al. (healthyguide.info)
Pax6 serves as a regulator in the coordination and pattern formation required for differentiation and proliferation to successfully take place, ensuring that the processes of neurogenesis and oculogenesis are carried out successfully. (biolegend.com)

A University of Tokyo research group, in collaboration with Uppsala University, revisited the role of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in mouse ES cells (a type of stem cell) using next-generation sequencing technology and genome editing tools, and proposed a new model for how BMP maintains naïve pluripotency. (u-tokyo.ac.jp)
In the field of stem cell research, BMP-4 has been shown to be a key factor in the blood serum, which, together with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), sustains mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells in their undifferentiated state. (u-tokyo.ac.jp)
The research group of Professor Kohei Miyazono and Associate Professor Daizo Koinuma at the Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, collaborating with Professor Hiroyuki Aburatani at the Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, the University of Tokyo, and researchers at Uppsala University, Sweden, has revisited the role of BMP signaling in a classical model of mouse ES cells. (u-tokyo.ac.jp)
He continues, "We also confirmed the significance of the MEK5-ERK5 pathway in mouse ES cells from a different genetic background. (u-tokyo.ac.jp)
The teratoma assay is also inherently variable, depending on the site of cell inoculation and the mouse strain used. (genengnews.com)
BMP-4 supports LIF as a positive factor for mouse ES cell self-renewal 4 . (anhsci.com)
We have examined the expression profile of synemin isoforms in mouse pluripotent ES cells and during their neural differentiation induced by retinoic acid. (biomedcentral.com)
Launch Mouse embryonic stem (Ha sido) cells produced from the internal cell mass of blastocyst embryos be capable of self-renew and so are pluripotent. (healthyguide.info)
We have recently identified a novel intrinsic factor, Neuronatin (Nnat), which acts as a neural initiator in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and also promotes the neural fate in Xenopus embryos (Lin et al, submitted). (jcmm.cz)
Here we use metabolic labelling with stable isotopes and mass spectrometry to quantitatively address the global turnover of genomic methylcytidine (mdC), hydroxymethylcytidine (hmdC) and formylcytidine (fdC) across mouse pluripotent cell states. (uni-muenchen.de)
Mouse ES cell-derived EBs were dissociated using collagenase, followed with a modified procedure by Isenberg and Klockner in 1982 to prepare the calcium-tolerant ventricular myocytes [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
To track differentiating cell populations, reporter cell lines generated by homologous recombination (knock-in) or via BAC transgenes have been widely used in mouse cells (5-8 ). (lu.se)

Therefore there remains a need for providing effective methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells into specific cell types, such as myocytes or endothelial cells. (justia.com)
Methylation state on the histone tail on the chromatin, histone code, in endothelial cells was read via hi-speed deep sequencer. (medicalxpress.com)

Adult adipose stem cells from naturally occurring fatty deposits are abundant in quantities. (kansasrmc.com)
There are two main types of stem cells, adult and embryonic, which require unique means of collection and deployment. (kansasrmc.com)
That is to say, one type of stem cell may be capable of differentiating into all adult cell types, while another may only be capable of maturing into one specific somatic cell type. (papersowl.com)
On a macro scale, the two classifications of stem cells are embryonic and adult stem cells. (papersowl.com)
In the early 1980s, scientists began to exploit two major classes of stem cells: embryonic and non-embryonic, or adult stem cells. (papersowl.com)
However, the crowning achievement arose in 2006 when researchers at Kyoto University discovered the necessary means to reprogram differentiated adult cells to possess embryonic stem cell-like functionality, as if reversing time itself. (papersowl.com)
The most valuable cells for regenerative endodontics are postnatal or adult stem cells. (bvsalud.org)
Based on their origin, there are two main types of stem cells - embryonic stem cells (ES cells) and postnatal or adult stem cells (AS cells). (bvsalud.org)

BMP signalling), ectodermal cells automatically adopt neural fate. (jcmm.cz)

RUNX1-deficient mice fail to generate hematopoietic stem cells. (biolegend.com)
Hematopoietic stem cells, which can produce several different types of blood cells, are prime examples of multipotency. (papersowl.com)

fication and isolation via fluorescence-activated cell sort- ing (FACS). (lu.se)

Multipotent stem cells are capable of forming many, but not all, cell types of the body. (papersowl.com)

Knocking down synemin in ES cells by shRNA lentiviral particles transduction has no influence on expression of Oct4, Nanog and SOX2, but decreased keratin 8 expression. (biomedcentral.com)

Thus, it has been argued that the observed bivalency simply reflects cellular heterogeneity arising from the averaging of cells that carry either, but not both, marks at a given locus (Fig. 2). (researchgate.net)
This full potentiality makes them particularly suitable for developing cell replacement therapies or establishing cellular model systems. (edu.au)
For decades scientists have been trying to reproduce cell culture environment for the closest mimicry of the natural cellular "embedding" within a living organism. (selectbiosciences.com)

While promising, these cells were solely murine-derived, limiting their applicability to humans. (papersowl.com)

Anatomy53

Organisms13

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs76

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment45

Phenomena and Processes66

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Somatic cells12

Vitro20

Differentiate19

Lineage13

Genes23

Self-renewal and differentiation3

Germ7

Epigenetic3

Developmental8

Cardiomyocytes10

Regenerative medicine7

Abstract1

Growth and differentiation3

Gene17

IPSCs2

Terminal differentiation2

Embryo9

Human69

Carcinoma1

Induce4

Pluripotency and regulating diff1

Fibroblasts1

Functional6

Tissue10

Cardiomyocyte2

Transplantation2

Neural stem2

Molecular6

Vascular endothelial3

HESC1

Development14

Progenitor cells1

Reprogramming11

Tissues5

Biology3

Protocols3

Transcription8

Mesenchymal1

Proliferation3

Mouse12

Endothelial2

Adult8

Fate1

Hematopoietic stem2

FACS1

Multipotent1

Sox21

Cellular3

Murine1