Embryonic checkpoint proteins cell cycle checkpoint gene. Medical search. Frequent questions

Gene expression profiling analysis reveals arsenic-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in p53-proficient and p53-deficient cells through differential gene pathways. (nih.gov)
In this study, we found that arsenite (As(3+)) induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner in both p53(+/+) and p53(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). (nih.gov)
4. Down-regulation of JMJD5 suppresses metastasis and induces apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma by regulating p53/NF-κB pathway. (nih.gov)
1 Typically, genomic integrity is protected by a series of processes, including DNA damage repair, cell cycle checkpoints, and apoptosis. (dovepress.com)
We recently reported that mTOR inhibitors induce apoptosis via ER stress and the extrinsic pathway upon acute inhibition of the eIF4F complex in colon cancer cells and xenografts, while mutant BRAF600E leads to therapeutic resistance via ERK-mediated Mcl-1 stabilization. (oncotarget.com)
The model has four outcomes that convey alternative cell fates: proliferation, (transient) cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence. (biomedcentral.com)
Among other components, the tumour suppressor p53 protein triggers cellular programs that lead to different fates: transient arrest followed by cell cycle re-entry upon damage repair, permanent cell cycle arrest (senescence) or, if the damage is irreparable, initiation of cell death program (apoptosis). (biomedcentral.com)
The functional importance of IGF-IR has been shown in vitro by inhibiting the receptor signalling which results in cancer cell apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies in mouse embryos and human gastruloids have shown that aneuploid cells show proteotoxic stress, autophagy and p53 activation and that they are eliminated from the epiblast by apoptosis while being rather tolerated in the trophectoderm. (elifesciences.org)
RNA-sequencing of trophectoderm cells showed transcriptional signatures of a deregulated p53 pathway and apoptosis, which was proportionate to the level of chromosomal imbalance. (elifesciences.org)
While lower cell numbers in trophectoderm may be attributed to apoptosis, it appeared that aneuploidy impairs the second lineage segregation and primitive endoderm formation in particular. (elifesciences.org)
The cellular responses to DNA damage include processes that deal with its consequences (e.g. tolerance and apoptosis) as well as direct correction of the damage by DNA repair mechanisms, which may require activation of checkpoint pathways. (biologists.com)
The mechanisms underlying these pathogenic mechanisms reveal potential interactions of renegade ribosomal proteins with signaling pathways controlling cell division and apoptosis. (nih.gov)
More recent work has revealed that MMR proteins play an important role in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to certain DNA damaging agents. (uchc.edu)
First, we are examining the cellular functions of the MMR proteins and the effects of cancer-causing missense mutations by studying how these mutant proteins perform in DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoint signaling, apoptosis signaling and other functional assays. (uchc.edu)
2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. (jci.org)
Weighed against its homologs Plk1 (and its own connected signaling pathway) offers attracted much interest because overexpression of Plk1 can be firmly correlated with carcinogenesis (10 11 Furthermore inhibition of Plk1 using RNA disturbance (RNAi) or particular little molecule inhibitors causes development arrest or apoptosis in tumor cells (12-14). (biospraysehatalami.com)
This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, which results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, the disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. (nih.gov)
The observed transcriptional repression by lincRNA-p21 is mediated through the physical association with hnRNP-K. This interaction is required for proper genomic localization of hnRNP-K at repressed genes and regulation of p53 mediates apoptosis. (omicsdi.org)
Transcriptional regula-tion of P63 on the apoptosis of male germ cells and three stages of spermatogenesis in mice[J]. Cell Death Dis, 2018, 9: 76. (magtechjournal.com)

In mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), Cdc7 is needed for proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
Crucial role in orchestrating a fine balance between cellular proliferation, cell death, and DNA repair in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). (proteopedia.org)
1. JMJD5 interacts with p53 and negatively regulates p53 function in control of cell cycle and proliferation. (nih.gov)
2. Epigenetic silencing of JMJD5 promotes the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by down-regulating the transcription of CDKN1A 686. (nih.gov)
3. p53R2 inhibits the proliferation of human cancer cells in association with cell-cycle arrest. (nih.gov)
6. Jmjd5, an H3K36me2 histone demethylase, modulates embryonic cell proliferation through the regulation of Cdkn1a expression. (nih.gov)
Abnormal activity of various cell cycle proteins can cause uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells, which leads to cancer development. (bvsalud.org)
Embryos lacking Gnu protein undergo DNA replication and centrosome proliferation without chromosome condensation or mitotic segregation. (silverchair.com)
In this study, we found Msi1 was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues, and over-expressing Msi1 in cervical cancer cells enhanced tumor formation and cell proliferation and accelerated cells into the S phase. (oncotarget.com)
Whereas, down-regulating Msi1 by shRNA in cervical cancer cells inhibited tumor formation and cell proliferation and slowed cell into the S phase, suggesting that Msi1 might act as cell cycle regulator. (oncotarget.com)
Our findings provide new evidence that Msi1 might promote cell proliferation by accelerating the cell cycle by directly targeting p21, p27 and p53. (oncotarget.com)
Cystic angiomatosis is a rare benign disease manifesting as multiple lytic and sclerotic bone lesions, described as the proliferation of vascular and lymphatic channels lined by a single layer of endothelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Among the up-regulated genes in the stromal fibroblasts we observed a significant enrichment in proliferation associated genes. (biomedcentral.com)
MetAP2, a member of the dimetallohydrolase family upregulated in certain tumor cell types, plays a key role in angiogenesis, proliferation and survival. (nih.gov)

The cell-cycle checkpoint protein p53 both directs terminal differentiation and protects embryos from DNA damage. (nih.gov)
Unlike clam p53 and p97, p120 mRNA and protein levels are temporally expressed in embryos, with mRNA levels decreasing with increasing p120 protein (R(2) = 0.97). (nih.gov)
Prior microarray analyses of RNAs from 8-cell (8C) human embryos revealed a lack of cell cycle checkpoints and overexpression of core circadian oscillators and cell cycle drivers relative to pluripotent human stem cells [human embryonic stem cells/induced pluripotent stem (hES/iPS)] and fibroblasts AR-231453 suggesting growth factor independence during early cleavage stages. (biotech-angels.com)
Mouse monoclonal to FRK We've reported that noncryopreserved regular showing up 8-cell (8C) embryos overexpress circadian oscillators CLOCK period cryptochrome and ARNTL(BMAL) and cell routine motorists Cyclins A -B -E and Myc and underexpress essential cell routine checkpoints Rb and Wee1 [1 2 in accordance with pluripotent individual embryonic stem (hES) cells induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and individual fibroblasts. (biotech-angels.com)
Injection of an SV40 terminator into zebrafish embryos may cause embryonic lethality due to NHEJ during early zebrafish development. (dovepress.com)
Studies using Xenopus cell-free extracts, oocytes, eggs, embryos, larval stages, and adult frogs have yielded important insights into a multitude of key biological processes-from mechanisms underlying the cell cycle to embryonic development to human disease. (cshlpress.com)
Confocal imaging of the microtubule cytoskeleton in C. elegans embryos and germ cells. (nih.gov)
These observations suggest a selective loss of aneuploid cells from human embryos, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. (elifesciences.org)
Total cell numbers were lower in aneuploid embryos, due to a decline both in trophectoderm and in epiblast/primitive endoderm cell numbers. (elifesciences.org)
Our findings might explain why fully aneuploid embryos fail to further develop and we hypothesize that the same mechanisms lead to removal of aneuploid cells from mosaic embryos. (elifesciences.org)
This study has uncovered some important initial findings about cellular responses to aneuploidy through analysis of gene expression in a set of donated human embryos. (elifesciences.org)
Here we show that encysted embryos (cysts) of the primitive crustacean are ideal for such research because they undergo WNT7A complete cell cycle arrest when they enter diapause (a state of obligate dormancy). (biospraysehatalami.com)
Diapause embryos usually do not undergo cell DNA or department. (biospraysehatalami.com)
In order to decipher these complex networks and to discover new aspects of regulation by this post-translational modification, we undertook an analysis of the X. laevis phosphoproteome at seven developmental stages beginning with stage VI oocytes and ending with two-cell embryos. (xenbase.org)

With its activity, telomerase helps maintain the integrity of the genome in embryonic stem cells and in proliferating progenitor cells derived from quiescent normal stem cells. (medscape.com)
This protein and the closely related kinase ATR are thought to be master controllers of cell cycle checkpoint signaling pathways that are required for cell response to DNA damage and for genome stability. (utsouthwestern.edu)
SV40 fragment integration into the zebrafish embryonic genome was detected by Southern blot using a DNA probe for the SV40 terminator. (dovepress.com)
Using Southern blots, we confirmed that SV40 terminator sequences were integrated into the zebrafish embryonic genome. (dovepress.com)
Introduction Replication of the nuclear genome is an essential step for cell division. (bmj.com)
1 This disorder is caused by pathogenic variants in genes coding for evolutionarily conserved components of the replication machinery of the nuclear genome- ORC1 , ORC4 , ORC6 , CDT1 , CDC6 , GMNN , CDC45 , MCM5 and DONSON . (bmj.com)
Progression of the cell cycle devoid of resolution from the dilemma triggers genome instabilities and cell death. (jakenzyme.com)
The accurate segregation of chromosomes during meiosis-which is critical for genome stability across sexual cycles-relies on homologous recombination initiated by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) made by the Spo11 protein 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
His work deals with themes such as Molecular biology and Genome instability, which intersect with Cell cycle. (research.com)
In mammalian cells gene amplification is a common manifestation of genome instability promoted by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). (biomedcentral.com)
Different pathways, mainly controlling either the cell cycle in response to DNA damage or the repair of the damage itself, maintain genome stability in mammalian cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene amplification, the increase in the copy number of a portion of the genome, is a common manifestation of genome instability in tumour cells and an important mechanism of oncogene activation as well as drug resistance, since it leads to over-expression of relevant genes. (biomedcentral.com)
After embryonic genome activation, the rapidly increasing expression of pro-apoptotic genes along with the full functionality of the SAC establishes the control of mitotic errors. (elifesciences.org)

Graded reduction of BubR1 expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts causes increased aneuploidy and senescence. (nature.com)
BubR1 signals from Bub1b +/H , Bub1b +/− , Bub1b H/H and Bub1b −/H mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were 42% (± 15%), 29% (± 9%), 11% (± 3%) and 4% (± 2%), respectively, of those from Bub1b +/+ MEFs. (nature.com)
Gene expression profiles of different p53 inducible mouse embryonic fibroblasts (p53LSL/LSL MEFs) across different time points after DNA damage. (omicsdi.org)

Precise control of cell cycle exit is vital during embryonic development, with defects in the pathways regulating intracellular D-type cyclins resulting in abnormal initiation of stem cell differentiation in a variety of different organ systems. (bvsalud.org)
Linkage studies in the 1990s led to the discovery of several predisposition genes associated with many rare familial cancer syndromes, thus providing fundamental insights into various pathways of carcinogenesis [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
In this paper we explored whether a single or a combined defect in DSBs repair pathways can affect gene amplification. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations in genes implicated in these pathways cause genetic lesions that can give rise to cellular transformation. (biomedcentral.com)
These responses are elicited through signalling pathways, which activate cell cycle checkpoints and basically lead to three cellular fates: cycle arrest promoting DNA repair, senescence (permanent arrest) or cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we advance a qualitative model covering DNA damage response pathways, focusing on G1/S checkpoint enforcement, supposedly more sensitive to arrest than G2/M checkpoint. (biomedcentral.com)
We define a discrete, logical model encompassing ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) and ATR (ATM and Rad3-related) pathways activation upon DNA damage, as well as G1/S checkpoint main components. (biomedcentral.com)
As a step towards an integrative model of DNA-damage response pathways to better cover the onset of senescence, our model focuses on G1/S checkpoint enforcement. (biomedcentral.com)
These pathways each require a number of proteins. (biologists.com)
The earliest stages of animal development are largely controlled by changes in protein phosphorylation mediated by signaling pathways and cyclin-dependent kinases. (xenbase.org)
These studies demonstrated that AURKA not only plays a role in regulating cell cycle and mitosis, but also regulates a number of key oncogenic signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
SDX7539 binds to and inhibits MetAP2, which prevents MetAP2-mediated signal transduction pathways and results in tumor cell death. (nih.gov)

The Cdc7 kinase is involved in regulation of the cell cycle at the point of chromosomal DNA replication. (wikipedia.org)
The gene, CDC7, is involved in the regulation of cell cycle because of the gene product Cdc7 kinase. (wikipedia.org)
Because the two proteins, Cdc7 and Dbf4, must form a complex before activating the MCM complex, the regulation of one protein is sufficient for both. (wikipedia.org)
In p53(+/+) MEFs, As(3+) induced p53-dependent gene expression alterations in DNA damage and cell cycle regulation genes. (nih.gov)
However, in the p53(-/-) MEFs, As(3+) induced a significant up-regulation of pro-apoptotic genes (Noxa) and down-regulation of genes in immune modulation. (nih.gov)
Zhao J, Kennedy BK, Lawrence BD, Barbie DA, Matera AG, Fletcher JA, Harlow E. NPAT links cyclin E-Cdk2 to the regulation of replication-dependent histone gene transcription. (proteopedia.org)
13. Regulation of p53 tumour suppressor target gene expression by the p52 NF-kappaB subunit. (nih.gov)
Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related (ATR) is a member of the PIK-related family which plays, along with ATM, a central role in cell-cycle regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Regulation of gene expression at the beginning of mammalian development. (research.com)
As a part of the same scientific study, Melvin L. DePamphilis usually deals with the Chromatin, concentrating on Enhancer and frequently concerns with Maternal to zygotic transition, Regulation of gene expression and Psychological repression. (research.com)
It also includes the stress responsive protein p38MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase 14) known to be involved in the regulation of senescence. (biomedcentral.com)
also comprises p53 together with cell cycle regulation allowing to investigate the impact of DNA damage intensities on cell cycle progression [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In order to delineate the biological function of NOC2L, further studies were conducted to investigate NOC2L-targeted proteins and the underlying regulation mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
Taken together these findings provide insights into the regulation of Plk1 during cell division and diapause cyst formation and the correlation between the activity of Plk1 and RSK1. (biospraysehatalami.com)
You can find six phosphorylation sites in RSK1 that are crucial for its activation and its own subsequent part in substrate phosphorylation (21 22 Of the phosphorylation of Ser-380 can be very important to RSK1 activation traveling functions such as for example rules of gene manifestation and protein synthesis and cell cycle regulation as a downstream Nisoxetine hydrochloride kinase in the Mos-MAPK pathway (23). (biospraysehatalami.com)
Regulation of TIS11 family members occurs on a number of levels through cellular signaling events to control their transcription, mRNA turnover, phosphorylation status, cellular localization, association with other proteins, and proteosomal degradation, all of which impact TIS11 members' ability to promote ARE-mediated mRNA decay along with decay-independent functions. (appliedbioinfo.com)
This review summarizes our current understanding of posttranscriptional regulation of ARE-containing gene expression by TIS11 family members and discusses their role in maintaining normal physiological processes and the pathological consequences in their absence. (appliedbioinfo.com)
HN - 2014 FX - Ammonia MH - Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome UI - D064173 MN - D8.811.464.938.750.92 MN - D12.776.167.24 MS - An E3 ubiquitin ligase primarily involved in regulation of the metaphase-to-anaphase transition during MITOSIS through ubiquitination of specific CELL CYCLE PROTEINS. (nih.gov)

Upon stimulation with IGF-I, breast cancer cells and stromal fibroblasts show some common and other distinct response patterns. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, based on an IGF-I induced gene expression signature derived from primary lung fibroblasts, a separation of prognostically different lung cancers was possible ( P = 0.007 - Bhattacharjee and P = 0.008 - Garber dataset). (biomedcentral.com)
Expression patterns of genes induced by IGF-I in primary breast and lung fibroblasts accurately predict outcomes in breast and lung cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, these IGF-I induced gene signatures derived from stromal fibroblasts might be promising predictors for the response to IGF-I targeted therapies. (biomedcentral.com)

Although expression levels of the protein appear to be constant throughout the cell cycle, the protein kinase activity appears to increase during S phase. (wikipedia.org)
Expression analysis of the molluscan p53 protein family mRNA in mussels (Mytilus spp. (nih.gov)
The microarray recognition patterns claim that hES/iPS cells display suppressed circadian competence underexpression of early differentiation markers and better quality expression of generic pluripotency genes in keeping with an artificial state of continual uncommitted cell division. (biotech-angels.com)
In contrast gene expression patterns of the 8C embryo suggest that it is an independent circadian rhythm-competent equivalence group poised to signal its environment defend against maternal immune rejection and begin the rapid commitment events of early embryogenesis. (biotech-angels.com)
Despite the importance to human reproduction and to the security of assisted reproductive technologies there is limited information about such signals and the AR-231453 controls on gene expression responsible for them during the first few cleavages of the fertilized human egg. (biotech-angels.com)
A gene expression screen was carried out to identify candidate genes that functioned in wing and wing hair morphogenesis. (sdbonline.org)
435 genes were identified whose expression changed at least 5 fold during this period and 1335 whose expression changed at least 2 fold. (sdbonline.org)
These authors emphasize a shorter progression-free and overall survival of the patients demonstrating an altered expression of this gene. (silverchair.com)
The study involved a tissue microarray (TMA) on bone tumors that may limit the full evaluation of the gene expression. (silverchair.com)
It expands the list of the tumors harboring an altered SMARCB1 gene expression and suggests that this marker should be investigated in every pathology workup for potential predictive value. (silverchair.com)
On the other side, much work needs to be done if we hope that we strive to provide additional therapeutic strategies for osteosarcoma patients with altered SMARCB1 gene expression. (silverchair.com)
The most prevalent application of flow cytometry has been to resolve leukocyte subsets based on cell surface protein expression patterns. (nih.gov)
The ability to target proteins whose expression, structure, or cellular function is altered in tumors provides the opportunity to vastly expand the potential to specifically attack cancer cells. (nih.gov)
Moreover, the expression of the p21, p27 and p53 proteins were down-regulated in Msi1 overexpressing cervical cancer cells and up-regulated in shMsi1 cervical cancer cells. (oncotarget.com)
Additionally, it has been reported that NF B induced Twist expression needed EMT in typical breast epithelial cells and breast cancer cells. (liverxreceptor.com)
On top of that, these benefits indi cate that a lower during the activation of NF B induced by DMF in breast cancer cells plays a crucial part during the inhibition of EMT, Snail and Twist expression, migration, and invasion. (liverxreceptor.com)
Having said that, there was robust cell surface expression in the mutant receptors as proven from the BTX AF488 fluorescence signal. (liverxreceptor.com)
We constructed human cell lines in which the expression of RAD54 and/or DNA-PKcs was constitutively knocked-down by RNA interference. (biomedcentral.com)
We used an ex vivo culture model and measured gene expression changes after IGF-I stimulation with cDNA microarrays. (biomedcentral.com)
The expression of the IGF-I induced genes was coherent and it provided a basis for the segregation of the patients into two groups. (biomedcentral.com)
Patients with tumours with highly expressed IGF-I induced genes had a significantly lower survival rate than patients whose tumours showed lower levels of IGF-I induced gene expression ( P = 0.029 - Norway/Stanford and P = 7.96e-09 - NKI dataset). (biomedcentral.com)
Decreased expression of ribosomal proteins can have pathogenic consequences both within the bone marrow and during the development of other tissues. (nih.gov)
To promote interactions and discussions between researchers studying embryonic and adult mammalian stem cells and basic researchers working in other areas such as chromatin, gene expression, cell cycle, cell signaling, and development, the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) hosted a workshop on the basic biology of mammalian stem cells on June 9-10, 2002 at the Pooks Hill Marriott in Bethesda, Maryland. (nih.gov)
In the nucleus of cell, the acetylation and de-acetylation of histone is in a dynamic balance, which precisely regulates gene transcription and expression [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The TIS11 family of RNA-binding proteins, composed of tristetraprolin (TTP) and butyrate response factors 1 and 2 (BRF-1 and -2), plays a critical role in regulating the expression of ARE-containing mRNAs. (appliedbioinfo.com)
Through their ability to bind and target ARE-containing mRNAs for rapid degradation, this class of RNA-binding proteins serves a fundamental role in limiting the expression of a number of critical genes, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. (appliedbioinfo.com)
We observed little change in protein expression levels during this period. (xenbase.org)
D) Heatmap showing the change in protein expression across the developmental time points. (xenbase.org)
Six groups representing significant trends of protein expression were manually selected for analysis. (xenbase.org)
Inhibition of lincRNA-p21 affects the expression of hundreds of gene targets enriched for genes normally repressed by p53. (omicsdi.org)
Furthermore, GA-D markedly inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of p21 and p16 proteins, relieved the cell cycle arrest, and enhanced telomerase activity in senescent hAMSCs. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, GA-D upregulated the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase R- (PKR-) like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), peroxidase III (PRDX3), and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2) and promoted intranuclear transfer of NRF2 in senescent cells. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, aged MSCs showed spontaneous expression of embryonic factors and p53 point mutations in an age-related tumorigenesis model [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
13]Walker MG. Drug target discovery by gene expression analysis: cell cycle genes[J]. Curr Cancer Drug Targets,2001, 1: 73-83. (magtechjournal.com)
Herein, we investigate the cytotoxic and DNA-damaging activity of thiomaltol-containing ruthenium-, osmium-, rhodium- and iridium-based organometallic complexes in human mammary carcinoma cell lines by means of several biological assays, including knockdown of topo2α expression levels by RNA interference. (springer.com)

Mice homozygous for a kinase dead allele exhibit early embryonic lethality associated with genetic instability. (utsouthwestern.edu)
As previously described 7 , complete loss of BubR1 caused early embryonic lethality (data not shown). (nature.com)

Mutations in this gene are associated with ataxia telangiectasia, an autosomal recessive disorder. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Mutations that weaken protein-DNA interactions strongly disrupt both condensate formation and DSBs in vivo, and thus these processes are highly correlated. (nature.com)
ATR appears as a good candidate breast cancer susceptibility gene and the current study was designed to screen for ATR germline mutations potentially involved in breast cancer predisposition. (biomedcentral.com)
Although no deleterious mutations were identified in the ATR gene, the current study provides an haplotype analysis of the ATR gene polymorphisms, which allowed the identification of a set of SNPs that could be used as tSNPs for large-scale association studies. (biomedcentral.com)
A range of model perturbations corresponding to gene loss-of-function or gain-of-function is compared to experimental mutations. (biomedcentral.com)
If not repaired, such damage can result in mutations, diseases and cell death. (biologists.com)
Congenital mutations in RPS19 and other closely related ribosomal genes encoding ribosomal proteins have been implicated in patients with Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA) a disorder characterized by moderate to severe macrocytic anemia, with erythroid hypoplasia and an increased risk of leukemia. (nih.gov)
Mutations in other ribosomal genes that disrupt ribosome biogenesis have been implicated in other rare congenital syndromes, Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome, Dyskeratosis Congenita, Cartilage Hair Hypoplasia, and Treacher Collins Syndrome. (nih.gov)
The most common hereditary disease that predisposes patients to colorectal cancer is Lynch syndrome (LS) which stems from mutations in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes. (uchc.edu)
Most recently, we have begun to characterize the function of the MMR pathway in human pluripotent stem cells and are using CRISPR/Cas9 gene targeting approaches to introduce missense mutations into the endogenous MMR gene loci. (uchc.edu)
The research in my laboratory involves an array of techniques from cell biology to molecular genetics to genomics to address the fundamental question of why mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes cause cancer. (uchc.edu)
We are predominantly interested in using cancer-associated missense mutations of the MSH2 and MSH6 genes to understand the functions of mismatch repair affected during colorectal tumorigenesis. (uchc.edu)
Various studies have demonstrated that aging accelerates the initiation and/or clonal dominance of mutant stem cells in aging tissues, such as the intestinal epithelium, the hematopoietic system, and the male germline, which shows a causal relationship between the aging-associated accumulation of stem cell mutations and failure of tissue maintenance and cancer suppression [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

His work carried out in the field of Cell biology brings together such families of science as Chromatin, Cellular differentiation and ORC1. (research.com)
Melvin L. DePamphilis mostly deals with Cell biology, Cancer research, Cellular differentiation, Genetics and DNA replication. (research.com)
This includes gene, protein and metabolic networks, cellular architecture and intracellular dynamics, cell communication and motility, cell division and differentiation, tissue formation and organogenesis, tissue and organ functions, changes in population characteristics as a consequence of interaction of organisms with their physical environment, with individuals of their own species, and with organisms of other species. (nih.gov)
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation. (mcw.edu)
The PERK inhibitor GSK2656157 and/or the NRF2 inhibitor ML385 suppressed the PERK/NRF2 signaling, which was activated by GA-D. They induced a rebound for the generation of ROS and β -galactosidase-positive cells and attenuated the differentiation capacity. (hindawi.com)

The Cdc7/Dbf4 complex adds a phosphate group to the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) protein complex allowing for the initiation of DNA replication in mitosis (as explained in the Cdc7 and Replication section below). (wikipedia.org)
It has been suggested that the protein is essential for initiation of DNA replication and that it plays a role in regulating cell cycle progression. (wikipedia.org)
right after replication is over, the protein levels drop. (wikipedia.org)
Recombinational repair (RR) is done at this point to try to fix the CDC7 gene so replication can occur. (wikipedia.org)
After chromatin undergoes changes in telophase of mitosis, the hexameric protein complex of MCM proteins 2-7 forms part of the pre-replication complex (pre-RC) by binding to the chromatin and other aiding proteins (Cdc6 and Cdt1). (wikipedia.org)
Since Cdc7 is attached to the Dbf4 protein the entire complex is held in place during replication. (wikipedia.org)
This is most likely due to the change in conformation allowing the remainder of replication machinery proteins to be loaded. (wikipedia.org)
DNA replication can begin after all the necessary proteins are in place. (wikipedia.org)
activated by interaction with cyclin E during the early stages of DNA synthesis to permit G1-S transition, and subsequently activated by cyclin A2 (cyclin A1 in germ cells) during the late stages of DNA replication to drive the transition from S phase to mitosis, the G2 phase. (proteopedia.org)
[ 1 , 2 ] The inability of the DNA replication machinery to copy the extreme ends of chromosomes, often referred to as the "end replication problem," is consistent with the observation that cells can lose telomeric repeats without initially affecting cell function. (medscape.com)
Thus, telomeres not only serve as chromosome "caps" to protect chromosome ends from being recognized as DNA damage but also serve as a gauge for the mitotic (replication) age of a cell. (medscape.com)
Pathogenic variants in genes coding for highly conserved components of the DNA replication machinery cause Meier-Gorlin syndrome (MGORS). (bmj.com)
The scientist's investigation covers issues in DNA replication, Cell biology, Molecular biology, Genetics and Origin recognition complex. (research.com)
His main research concerns Cell biology, DNA replication, Genetics, Origin recognition complex and Molecular biology. (research.com)
His research integrates issues of Endoreduplication and DNA re-replication, Origin recognition complex, Eukaryotic DNA replication in his study of Cell biology. (research.com)
His study in Origin recognition complex is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing from both Pre-replication complex, Origin of replication, Protein subunit, Chromatin and Nuclear transport. (research.com)
In his research on the topic of Eukaryotic DNA replication, Control of chromosome duplication is strongly related with Mitotic cell cycle. (research.com)
His primary areas of investigation include Cell biology, Autolysosome, Autophagy, Eukaryotic DNA replication and Polo-like kinase. (research.com)
The protein encoded by this gene is the non-catalytic B subunit of RNase H2, which is thought to play a role in DNA replication. (nih.gov)

EZH2 phosphorylation promotes H3K27me3 maintenance and epigenetic gene silencing. (proteopedia.org)
regulates homologous recombination-dependent repair by phosphorylating BRCA2, this phosphorylation is low in S phase when recombination is active, but increases as cells progress towards mitosis. (proteopedia.org)
Cyclin E/CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of NPAT at G1-S transition and until prophase stimulates the NPAT-mediated activation of histone gene transcription during S phase. (proteopedia.org)
Cdk phosphorylation triggers sequential intramolecular interactions that progressively block Rb functions as cells move through G1. (proteopedia.org)
Cell cycle-regulated phosphorylation of p220(NPAT) by cyclin E/Cdk2 in Cajal bodies promotes histone gene transcription. (proteopedia.org)
In addition studies on HeLa cells using Plk1 siRNA interference and overexpression showed that phosphorylation of RSK1 increased upon interference and decreased after overexpression suggesting that Plk1 inhibits RSK1. (biospraysehatalami.com)
We detected the expected phosphorylation of MAP kinases, translational regulatory proteins, and subunits of APC/C that validate the accuracy of our measurements. (xenbase.org)
We find that more than half the identified proteins possess multiple sites of phosphorylation that are often clustered, where kinases work together in a hierarchical manner to create stretches of phosphorylated residues, which may be a means to amplify signals or stabilize a particular protein conformation. (xenbase.org)
Conversely, other proteins have opposing sites of phosphorylation that seemingly reflect distinct changes in activity during this developmental timeline. (xenbase.org)
Galaxy plot correlating changes in protein levels with changes in phosphorylation. (xenbase.org)
Individual protein abundances (plotted on the log2 axis) normalized to amount present in stage VI oocytes are plotted relative to phosphorylation site occupancy of that protein. (xenbase.org)
Upon oral administration,gartisertib selectively inhibits ATR activity and blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase CHK1. (nih.gov)

Forty-four gene components were underdetected in the 8C arrays including 11 at least 80-flip beneath the pluripotent cells: two cytokines (IFITM1 TNFRSF8) five TGFBs (BMP7 LEFTY1 LEFTY2 TDGF1 TDGF3) two FGFs (FGF2 FGF receptor 1) plus ING5 and WNT6. (biotech-angels.com)
Dr. Thomson, who led one of the first groups to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans, described the properties of pluripotent embryonic stem cells and recounted the extreme difficulty in culturing these cells in the laboratory. (nih.gov)
Using cell culture models including human pluripotent stem cells to study the functions of mutant MSH2 and MSH6 in damage repair and response. (uchc.edu)

On the blastocyst stage (～100 cells) the embryonic cells are about how big is somatic cells plus they need to expand for each following cell cycle. (biotech-angels.com)
The concepts of his Molecular biology study are interwoven with issues in Embryonic stem cell, TEAD4, Blastocyst, Mitochondrion and Embryo. (research.com)
We study embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which are cells derived from the inner mass of the blastocyst-stage embryo. (nih.gov)

By exploiting the high frequency of NHEJ in early embryonic development, we established a model that uses a transcriptional terminator signal fragment from the Simian virus 40 (SV40) to cause embryonic lethality. (dovepress.com)
SV40 fragment-induced embryonic lethality was alleviated by 5,6-bis ((E)-benzylideneamino)-2-mercaptopyrimidin-4-ol or C18H14N4OS (SCR7), an NHEJ inhibitor. (dovepress.com)
Embryonic lethality rates were observed 24 and 48 h after microinjection. (dovepress.com)
A nonhomologous recombinant inhibitor, SCR7 (5 µM), was used to alleviate embryonic lethality. (dovepress.com)

[ 3 , 4 ] Telomerase is silent in the vast majority of human tissues and is only expressed in a small number of normal cell types such as dividing male germline spermatocytes and a subset of proliferating somatic adult stem cells. (medscape.com)
8C-specific gene elements were enriched (73%) for reported circadian-controlled genes in mouse tissues. (biotech-angels.com)
Development of new or improved laboratory/experimental techniques, instruments, or supporting software that measure the location and dynamics of molecules in situ, and organelles, cells, or tissues on the nanometer and micrometer length scales. (nih.gov)
Adult stem cells are responsible for rejuvenating tissues by various processes, such as tissue maintenance, repair, and regeneration, throughout the life span of the higher organisms. (hindawi.com)
HN - 2014 MH - Allografts UI - D064591 MN - A1.941.500 MS - Tissues, cells, or organs transplanted between genetically different individuals of the same species. (nih.gov)

If most cancer susceptibility is related to fundamental processes of cellular control, rare alleles might turn out to be the more important component and should be detectable by linkage analysis and/or the candidate gene re-sequencing approach [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Depletion of RNASEH2 Activity Leads to Accumulation of DNA Double-strand Breaks and Reduced Cellular Survivability in T Cell Leukemia. (nih.gov)
In particular, one goal was to develop a better understanding of the molecular and cellular properties that make stem cells unique, so they might be manipulated rationally for therapeutic purposes. (nih.gov)
At the molecular level, in fact, a gradual weakening of the cellular processes regulating cardiovascular homeostasis occurs in aging cells. (hindawi.com)
Activation of the cellular senescence genetic program prompts a series of molecular changes, mostly affecting cell cycle, extracellular matrix (ECM), secretion of growth factors, and inflammatory mediators. (hindawi.com)

In hosting the workshop, NIGMS aimed to learn how best to stimulate research that will advance the basic biology of mammalian stem cells, a field with the potential for rapid growth following the recent successful isolation of human embryonic stem cells and human embryonic germ cells in 1998 and the establishment of policies governing the use of human embryonic stem cells in Federally funded research. (nih.gov)

Cell department is controlled through cooperation of different kinases. (biospraysehatalami.com)
All of these members contain a conserved C-terminal amino acid sequence termed the polo box domain which provides a docking site for certain proteins (1) and a kinase domain which is predicted to activate many protein kinases including Aurora A/B PKA ERK1/2 RSK1/2 Akt/PKB and MEK1 (2). (biospraysehatalami.com)
Mitotic kinases are the main proteins that coordinate accurate mitotic processing [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
HN - 2014 MH - 3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases UI - D064413 MN - D8.811.913.696.620.682.700.745 MS - Highly conserved protein-serine threonine kinases that phosphorylate and activate a group of AGC protein kinases, especially in response to the production of the SECOND MESSENGERS, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,-biphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P2) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3). (nih.gov)

Members of the frog Xenopus genus are versatile model organisms used in developmental biology, cell biology, neuroscience, and toxicology research, among others. (cshlpress.com)

7. JMJD5 regulates cell cycle and pluripotency in human embryonic stem cells. (nih.gov)
Among these, CDK is the main cell cycle regulator, binding to cyclin to form the cyclin-CDK complex, which phosphorylates hundreds of substrates and regulates interphase and mitotic progression. (bvsalud.org)
Lin28a regulates germ cell pool size and fertility[J]. Stem Cells, 2013, 31: 1001-1009. (magtechjournal.com)

[ 2 ] Thus, most human somatic cells show progressive telomere shortening with ongoing cell division until a subset of telomeres reach a critically shortened length and induce a DNA damage signal triggering a tumor protein p53 (TP53)-dependent G1/S cell cycle arrest referred to as replicative senescence. (medscape.com)
In particular, how cells are induced to senescence upon DNA damage attracted a lot of attention, this phenotype being associated to tumour suppression [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Under the right set of conditions, Dr. Thomson and other groups have succeeded in growing embryonic stem cells for long periods of time without observing karyotype alterations or senescence. (nih.gov)
Atherosclerosis and heart failure are particularly correlated with aging-related cardiovascular senescence, that is, the inability of cells to progress in the mitotic program until completion of cytokinesis. (hindawi.com)
Pathologies, as atherosclerosis, cardiac fibrosis, and cardiomyopathy, are often linked to the failure of cardiovascular tissue cells to reenter the cell cycle, namely, senescence, due to endogenous or exogenous causes. (hindawi.com)
This review will focus on the cardiovascular pathologies correlated to senescence, the effect of aging on the cardiac endogenous resources of stem cells, and the potential strategies of regenerative medicine to be applied to maintain the heart younger and healthier. (hindawi.com)
Mitotic cells might undergo senescence by failing to replicate. (hindawi.com)
While it is commonly accepted as an aging-related phenomenon, senescence might happen also during the embryonic development with the biological meaning of replacing transient structures or specific cell types with other ones [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Senescence and exhaustion of adult stem cells are considered as a hallmark of aging in organisms. (hindawi.com)
Hence, stem cell senescence has received increased attention in recent years in the field of antiaging and regenerative medicine. (hindawi.com)

The repair of DSBs mainly occurs through two mechanisms: non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). We previously showed that defects in the repair of DSBs via NHEJ could increase the frequency of gene amplification. (biomedcentral.com)
The high frequency of isochromosome formation in cells deficient for RAD54 suggests that homologous recombination proteins might play a role in preventing rearrangements at the centromeres. (biomedcentral.com)
Mammalian cells repair DSBs through two main mechanisms: (1) homologous recombination (HR), which requires large regions of homology, and (2) non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), which does not require extended homologies [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Although most repair proteins are usually homologous between organisms, their designations are often different. (biologists.com)

By copying and replacing the altered area with a very similar area on the sister homolog chromosome, the gene can be replicated as if nothing was ever wrong on the chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
Human telomeres consist of repetitive TTAGGG DNA sequences that associate with a series of telomere binding proteins (shelterin complex) believed to provide genomic stability by protecting the linear chromosome ends from being recognized as DNA breaks to be repaired. (medscape.com)
The gene encoding the enzyme telomerase reverse transcriptase ( TERT ), which synthesizes the TTAGGG DNA sequences onto the ends of chromosomes in cooperation with other proteins of the core telomerase complex (eg, telomerase RNA component [TERC] and dyskerin [DKC1]), is located on chromosome 5 (locus 5p15.33). (medscape.com)
The gene is located on chromosome 22q11.23 and contains nine exons spanning approximately 50 kb. (silverchair.com)
This session will focus on the processes that govern progression through meiosis and mitosis, including chromosome cohesion and condensation, spindle dynamics and checkpoint control. (nih.gov)
In 5q-syndrome, a subtype of myelodysplastic syndrome, the cause is a somatically acquired deletion of chromosome 5q that leads to haploinsufficiency of the ribosomal protein RPS14 and an erythroid phenotype similar to Diamond Blackfan anemia. (nih.gov)
NOC2L gene is located on chromosome at 1p36.33 and contains 19 exons with an open reading frame including 2757 nucleotides, according to the BLAST analysis. (biomedcentral.com)

D-type cyclins encode G1/S cell cycle checkpoint proteins, which play a crucial role in defining cell cycle exit and progression. (bvsalud.org)
Cell cycle progression is mainly regulated by cyclin dependent kinase (CDK), cyclin and endogenous CDK inhibitor (CKI). (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, understanding the changes in CDK activity, cyclin-CDK assembly and the role of CDK inhibitors will help to understand the underlying regulatory processes in cell cycle progression, as well as provide a basis for the treatment of cancer and disease and the development of CDK inhibitor-based therapeutic agents. (bvsalud.org)
In addition to its well-known roles in embryonic development, wound healing, and regeneration, EMT plays an important role in tumor progression and metastatic invasion. (mdpi.com)
There is a considerable amount of evidence that the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family is important for cancer development and progression and IGF signalling is known to involve complex regulatory networks with numerous interacting ligands, receptors and binding proteins [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore it would be interesting to examine the control mechanism of cell cycle progression in which RSK1 affects Myt1 in meiosis and Plk1 affects Myt1 in mitosis. (biospraysehatalami.com)
CNOT6L couples the selective degradation of maternal transcripts to meiotic cell cycle progression in mouse oocyte. (appliedbioinfo.com)
Cell division cycle associated 2 (CDCA2) upregulation promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma in a p53-dependant manner[J]. Peer J, 2022, 10:e13535. (magtechjournal.com)

Cells of the early human embryo ～10 0 occasions larger than somatic cells are totipotent and appear capable of guiding their cleavage stages without need for external growth factor stimulation perhaps because cell growth is not needed and AR-231453 important cell cycle checkpoints are not expressed [1 2 Each cleavage divides the blastomeres into two child cells half how big is the precursor and lacking any upsurge in embryo mass. (biotech-angels.com)
Karst is apically localized in the trachea: as with other invaginations during embryogenesis, each of the 20 bilaterally symmetric tracheal placodes reorganize their membrane skeleton such that Karst is seen across the apices of the cells as they move into the embryo during stage 10. (sdbonline.org)

16. Histone demethylase JMJD5 is essential for embryonic development. (nih.gov)

Overexpression of this gene product may be associated with neoplastic transformation for some tumors. (wikipedia.org)
Is usually euploid human blastomere cleavage dependent on cyclic overexpression of key proteins rather than on cell cycle. (biotech-angels.com)
In HeLa cells, overexpression of wild-type TIS11D protein (TIS11D(WT)) induced growth inhibition and an S phase checkpoint response, while the mutant protein (TIS11D(I373fsX91)) showed a diminished effect. (appliedbioinfo.com)

The Cell biology study combines topics in areas such as Chromatin and Cell cycle. (research.com)
Another goal was to explore the notion of employing stem cells as a model system for addressing fundamental problems in biology. (nih.gov)

17. HIPK2 knock-down compromises tumor cell efficiency to repair damaged DNA. (nih.gov)
Zebrafish is an ideal model for drug screening due to the specificity of its early embryonic development and similarity of tumor cell generation. (dovepress.com)
Upon administration, ALK inhibitor RO5424802 binds to and inhibits ALK kinase, which leads to a disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-overexpressing tumor cells. (nih.gov)
4] RAS profiling: For p53 restoration, cultured tumor cell lines were incubated with 500nM 4-hydroxytamoxifen for the indicated times. (omicsdi.org)

The protein is a serine-threonine kinase that is activated by another protein called either Dbf4 in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae or ASK in mammals. (wikipedia.org)

Pluripotency describes their capability to differentiate into all cell types found in the adult body. (nih.gov)
The pluripotency factor LIN28 in monkey and human testes: a marker for spermatogonial stem cells? (magtechjournal.com)

We found that Plk1 suppressed the activity of RSK1 during embryonic mitosis and that Plk1 was inhibited during embryonic diapause and mitotic arrest. (biospraysehatalami.com)

At the transition from meiosis to cleavage mitoses, Drosophila requires the cell cycle regulators encoded by the genes, giant nuclei ( gnu ), plutonium ( plu ) and pan gu ( png ). (silverchair.com)
Gnu is normally expressed in the nurse cells and oocyte of the ovary and is degraded during the embryonic cleavage mitoses. (silverchair.com)

Background Several recent studies have provided evidence that polymorphisms in the telomerase reverse transcriptase ( TERT ) gene sequence are associated with cancer development, but a comprehensive synopsis is not available. (medscape.com)
In prostate cancer cells, LL-CDK9-12 showed enhanced anti-proliferative activity than its parental molecule SNS032 and LL-K9-3, the previous reported CDK9-cyclin T1 degrader. (bvsalud.org)
In breast cancer, EMT both increases the migratory capacity and invasive potential of tumor cells, and initiates protumorigenic alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME). (mdpi.com)
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a nonmelanocytic skin cancer (ie, an epithelial tumor) that arises from basal cells (ie, small, round cells found in the lower layer of the epidermis). (medscape.com)
Analyses of risk attributable to such alleles in the known breast cancer susceptibility genes (e.g. (biomedcentral.com)
This session will focus on exciting ways in which molecular targeting of cancer cell proteins are being evaluated and applied using both small molecules and antibodies. (nih.gov)
Musashi RNA-binding protein1 (Msi1), a member of the RNA-binding protein family, has been reported to be a diagnostic marker and potential therapeutic target in some cancers, its function in cervical cancer remains unknown. (oncotarget.com)
Immunohistochemistry assay showed the negative correlation between Msi1 and p21, p27 and p53, suggesting that Msi1 might regulate these cycle regulators in cervical cancer. (oncotarget.com)
Although 99.7% of cervical cancer cases were found to be associated with HPV (human papillomavirus) infection [ 2 ], the interactions of multiple factors in vivo and in vitro that activate oncogenes and inactivate cancer suppressor genes could not be ignored in the long process of cervical cancer development. (oncotarget.com)
SOX2 has been reported to be a potential nuclear marker of stem cells in cervical cancer [ 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
High ALDH1 activity might be a cytoplasmic marker for cervical cancer stem cells (CCSCs) [ 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
ITGA6 (CD49f) might be a possible surface marker of cervical cancer stem cells [ 5 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Discussion In this examine, we demonstrated that RANKL induces EMT by the upregulation of Snail and Twist ex pression levels in typical breast epithelial cells and breast cancer cells. (liverxreceptor.com)
We also found that RANKL induced EMT accelerated cell migration and invasion in ordinary breast epithelial cells and breast cancer cells. (liverxreceptor.com)
It's also been reported that RANKL induces the migration and metastasis of RANK expressing cancer cells. (liverxreceptor.com)
Collectively, the uncover ings recommend the RANKLRANK program promotes cell migration, invasion, and metastasis by EMT in RANK expressing cancer cells. (liverxreceptor.com)
It's also been indicated that NF B activation promotes cell migra tion and invasion by stabilization of Snail in breast cancer cells. (liverxreceptor.com)
Co-targeting translation and proteasome using the combination of Episilvestrol and Bortezomib promoted strong ER stress and rapid killing of colon cancer cells with mutant RAS/RAF in culture and mice. (oncotarget.com)
Given the emerging evidence for the role of the stroma in these processes, we aimed to characterize the effects of IGF-I on cancer cells and stromal cells separately. (biomedcentral.com)
3 State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes & Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. (jci.org)
Adenylate- and uridylate-rich element (ARE) motifs are cis-acting elements present in the 3' untranslated region of mRNA transcripts that encode many inflammation- and cancer-associated genes. (appliedbioinfo.com)

1986) Persistence of DNA synthesis arrest sites in the presence of T4 DNA polymerase and T4 gene 32, 44, 45 and 62 DNA polymerase accessory proteins, Nucl. (nih.gov)
These exhibit remarkable evolutionary flexibility, with different species using a variety of discrete arrest points, illustrating the diversity of regulatory mechanisms that have evolved to arrest the fundamental cell cycle oscillator ( Sagata,1996 ). (silverchair.com)
cell cycle arrest. (biospraysehatalami.com)
however commonly used animal models are limited in that cell cycle arrest must be induced by treatment with drugs. (biospraysehatalami.com)

Here we show that mutant mice with low levels of the spindle assembly checkpoint protein BubR1 develop progressive aneuploidy along with a variety of progeroid features, including short lifespan, cachectic dwarfism, lordokyphosis, cataracts, loss of subcutaneous fat and impaired wound healing. (nature.com)

thus, it functions as a regulator of a wide variety of downstream proteins, including tumor suppressor proteins p53 and BRCA1, checkpoint kinase CHK2, checkpoint proteins RAD17 and RAD9, and DNA repair protein NBS1. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Members from the mitogen activated protein kinase family, which include JNK and ERK, are activated downstream of RANK. (liverxreceptor.com)

p120 mRNA and protein are reduced the most and earliest in development, p97 protein shows a smaller and later reduction, and p53 protein levels do not change. (nih.gov)
Cell cycle plays a crucial role in cell development. (bvsalud.org)
These cells are still evident at later stages of development and move in an anterior direction along the hindgut. (sdbonline.org)
The C-terminus of SPE-11 is required for proper embryonic development in C. elegans. (nih.gov)
Dr. Thomson stressed that significant differences exist between embryonic stem cells derived from mice and humans, cautioning that the use of murine embryonic stem cell models may be misleading in understanding the earliest events in human embryonic development and urging the need for continued study using non-human primate model systems. (nih.gov)
Although disruption of genes related to hematopoiesis often leads to the development of leukemia and lymphoma, the involvement of TIS11D in hematological malignancies remains to be determined. (appliedbioinfo.com)

Four polo family members are present in mammalian cells: Plk1 Plk2/Snk Plk3/Fnk/Prk and Plk4/Sak. (biospraysehatalami.com)

We have identified the gnu gene encoding a novel phosphoprotein dephosphorylated by Protein phosphatase 1 at egg activation. (silverchair.com)
Repo-man controls a protein phosphatase 1-dependent threshold for DNA damage checkpoint activation[J]. Curr Biol. (magtechjournal.com)

I have participated in several studies of macromolecular structures at atomic resolution of proteins ranging from small metalloproteins (rubredoxins and ferredoxins) to larger enzymes. (nih.gov)

Implementation of NIH Human Embryonic Stem Cell Policies--Dr. Gregory Downing. (nih.gov)
Here we generally use the names of human proteins. (biologists.com)
On November 7, 2001, NIH posted the Human Embryonic Stem Cell Registry, a list of human embryonic stem cell lines at varying stages of characterization that meet the President's eligibility criteria. (nih.gov)
Dr. Thomson expressed serious doubt that therapeutic cloning using human oocytes would be used widely in the foreseeable future to produce human embryonic stem cells for transplantation, given the likely inefficiencies of the process and the high costs that would inevitably coincide with patient-specific cell therapy. (nih.gov)
NOC2L protein is 84,919 Da and contains 749 amino acids in human, and its orthologs range from worms to mammals (NCBI Reference Sequence: NP_056473.3). (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, we are using human colonic organoids to study the effects of MMR mutation on colonic stem cell dynamics and response to damage. (uchc.edu)
Also, the structure of the human acyl-protein thio-esterase of 56 kDa (see figure for a piece of the initial electron density map with a fragment of a b -sheet) was recently solved from brominated crystals using single-wavelength data in the laboratory of Zygmunt Derewenda of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville (the protein came from Teresa Jones of NIDDK). (nih.gov)
In this study, a senescent human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell (hAMSC) model subjected to oxidative stress was established in vitro using hydrogen peroxide. (hindawi.com)

The autophagy protein ATG9A enables lipid mobilization from lipid droplets. (nih.gov)

The predicted protein, p120, resembles p53 across all evolutionarily conserved regions and contains a C-terminal extension with a sterile alpha motif (SAM) as in p63 and p73. (nih.gov)
RAD21 (also known as KIAA0078, NXP1, HR21, Mcd1, Scc1, and hereafter called RAD21), an essential gene, encodes a DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair protein that is evolutionarily conserved in all eukaryotes from budding yeast to humans. (nih.gov)

1976) Simian Virus 40 - Permissive Cell Interactions: Selection and Characterization of Spontaneously Arising Monkey Cells that are Resistant to SV40 Infection, J. Virol. (nih.gov)
No yeast two-hybrid interactions found for this protein. (yeastrc.org)

The product encoded by this gene is predominantly localized in the nucleus and is a cell division cycle protein with kinase activity. (wikipedia.org)
The Ku proteins bind the ends of the DSB and recruit DNA-PKcs, whose kinase activity is essential for the activation of other repair factors. (biomedcentral.com)

Cell Cycle 15 , 13-21 (2016). (nature.com)

1983) DNA Polymerase-a Cofactors C1C2 Function as Primer Recognition Proteins,J. Biol. (nih.gov)

Here we address this through the molecular characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RMM (Rec114, Mei4 and Mer2) proteins-essential, conserved components of the DSB machinery 2 . (nature.com)
In addition, our study led to the characterization of a novel Δ33 splice form, which could generate a putative truncated protein lacking several functional domains. (biomedcentral.com)

Mouse Cre-LoxP system: general principles to determine tissue-specific roles of target genes[J]. Lab Anim Res,2018, 34: 147-159. (magtechjournal.com)

In these mollusks, p53 and p97 occur in both embryonic and adult tissue, whereas p120 is exclusively embryonic. (nih.gov)
The adult central nervous system (CNS) contains resident stem cells within specific niches that maintain a self-renewal and proliferative capacity to generate new neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes throughout adulthood. (frontiersin.org)
This review article will highlight the main intrinsic and extrinsic regulators of neural stem cell (NSC) aging and discuss how these factors impact normal homeostatic functions within the adult brain. (frontiersin.org)

Repo-Man recruits PP1 gamma to chromatin and is essential for cell viability[J]. J Cell Biol, 2006, 172: 679-692. (magtechjournal.com)

New phenotypes were found for 9 of these genes providing functional validation for the collection of identified genes. (sdbonline.org)

Mol Cell Biol. (proteopedia.org)
1985) DNA primase-DNA Polymerase-a from Simian cells: Modulation of RNA Primer Synthesis by Ribonucleoside Triphosphates, J. Biol. (nih.gov)
1975) Synthesis of Superhelical Simian Virus 40 DNA in Cell Lysates, J. Biol. (nih.gov)
J Cell Biol (2022 Mar 7) 221. (nih.gov)
J Cell Biol (2015 Oct 26) 211:261-71. (nih.gov)

Traditionally, it was believed that the majority of metal-based drugs targeted DNA, but considerable evidence has accumulated that metal-based drugs are also able to bind to protein targets. (springer.com)

The concentration of Dbf4 at the G1/S transition of the cell cycle is higher than the concentration at the M/G1 transition. (wikipedia.org)
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process through which epithelial cells lose their epithelial characteristics and cell-cell contact, thus increasing their invasive potential. (mdpi.com)

Fig. 1: Purification and subunit arrangement of the S. cerevisiae RMM proteins. (nature.com)
The NHEJ pathway requires the activity of several proteins, including the DNA-PK complex, which is composed of a heterodimeric subunit with DNA end-binding activity (Ku) and a catalytic subunit, the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs). (biomedcentral.com)

The fact that gene amplification has never been detected in cells of normal origin [ 3 , 4 ] suggests that either control mechanisms that prevent the occurrence of gene amplification are active (such as the p53-mediated damage-sensing pathway), or cells carrying gene amplifications do not survive. (biomedcentral.com)

Tumor suppressor gene p53, a pivotal cell cycle checkpoint signaling protein, has been hypothesized to play a possible role in mediating As-induced toxicity and therapeutic efficiency. (nih.gov)
demonstrated that incoming retroviral preintegration multiplexes intriguingly trigger the exportin-interceded cytoplasmic transfer of the SWI/SNF component INI1 and the nuclear body constituent PML (promyelocytic leukemia), a tumor-suppressor protein [ 8 ]. (silverchair.com)

Interestingly, transplantation of mesodermal-derived stem cells into aging mice can prolong their life span [ 14 ], while senescent bone marrow MSCs cannot reach the injury site and lose their protection to the lungs due to weak activation, migration, and anti-immune function [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
Objective To explore the physiological function of gene for cell devision cycle associated 2 ( Cdca2 ), a highly expressed testis gene, in spermatogenesis and fertility in mice. (magtechjournal.com)
CDCA2 deletion in mice had no statistically significant effect on spermatogenic cells, sperm motility parameters and male fertility at all stages of spermatogenesis. (magtechjournal.com)
Gene Cdca2 knockout has no significant effect on spermatogenesis and fertility in mice[J]. Basic & Clinical Medicine, 2023, 43(5): 717-723. (magtechjournal.com)

Anatomy23

Organisms7

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs115

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment20

Phenomena and Processes91

Information Science3

Health Care3

Apoptosis20

Proliferation14

Embryos14

Genome13

Mouse embryonic fibroblasts3

Pathways13

Regulation18

Fibroblasts4

Expression35

Early embryonic lethality2

Mutations13

Differentiation5

Replication19

Phosphorylation12

Pluripotent3

Blastocyst3

Lethality4

Tissues5

Cellular5

Germ cells1

Kinases4

Developmental biology1

Regulates3

Senescence10

Homologous4

Chromosome7

Progression8

Embryo2

Histone1

Overexpression3

Biology2

Tumor cell4

Serine-threon1

Pluripotency2

Mitosis1

Cleavage2

Cancer21

Arrest4

Spindle1

Downstream2

Development6

Mammalian1

Phosphatase2

Structures1

Human8

Autophagy1

Evolutionarily conserved2

Interactions2

Kinase activity2

20161

Recognition Proteins1

Characterization2

20181

Adult3

Chromatin1

Phenotypes1

Biol5

Targets1

Transition2

Subunit2

Mechanisms1

Suppressor2

Mice4