Embryonic cells somatic cell cloning clone cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Depending on the source, stem cells can be classified into two broad categories i.e. embryonic stem cells that are derived from embryos and non-embryonic stem cells that are derived from adult and fetal tissues. (benthamscience.com)
Under such circumstances, the idea of "therapeutic cloning" was proposed, indicating the generation of ESCs from SCNT embryos for therapeutic purpose. (benthamscience.com)
However, the derivation of human NT-ESCs goes with the destruction of clone embryos, leading to fierce ethical disputes. (benthamscience.com)
this approach has been championed as an answer to the many issues concerning embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and the destruction of viable embryos for medical use, though questions remain on how homologous the two cell types truly are. (wikipedia.org)
Controversy surrounds human ESC work due to the destruction of viable human embryos, leading scientists to seek alternative methods of obtaining pluripotent stem cells, SCNT is one such method. (wikipedia.org)
In humans, a major roadblock in achieving successful SCNT leading to embryonic stem cells has been the fact that human SCNT embryos fail to progress beyond the eight-cell stage. (news-medical.net)
They derived several human embryonic stem cell lines from these cloned embryos whose DNA was an exact match to the adult cell that donated the DNA. (news-medical.net)
The Catholic Church has always held that stem-cell research and therapies are morally acceptable, as long as they don't involve the creation and destruction of human embryos. (archstl.org)
Some prohibit only cloning for reproductive purposes and allow the creation of cloned human embryos for research, whereas others prohibit the creation of cloned embryos for any purpose. (who.int)
And now Washington joins the infamous list with Senate Bill 5594, a thoroughly disingenuous piece of legislation that purports to outlaw the cloning of human beings, but by manipulating language and redefining terms, actually permits human cloning and gestation of the resulting cloned embryos through the ninth month. (cbc-network.org)
Edmund Beecher Wilson experimented with Amphioxus (Branchiostoma) embryos in 1892 to identify what caused their cells to differentiate into new types of cells during the process of development. (asu.edu)
These scientists destroyed the embryos and derived stem cell lines. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Most embryos…formed one or two pronuclei at the time of removal from TSA, whereas a slightly higher portion of embryos cleaved…suggesting that some SCNT embryos did not exhibit visible pronuclei at the time of examination… Most cleaved embryos developed to the eight-cell stage…but few progressed to compact morula…and blastocyst. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Activation of embryonic genes and transcription from the transplanted somatic cell nucleus are required for development of SCNT embryos beyond the eight-cell stage…Therefore, these results are consistent with the premise that our modified SCNT protocol supports reprogramming of human somatic cells to the embryonic state. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
A story in News.Com.Au-which runs stories from several Australian newspapers celebrates the cloning breakthrough because it means no embryos are used in the process! (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
But it is an important step in research because it doesn't require the use of embryos in creating the type of stem cell capable of transforming into any other type of cell in the body. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The Los Angeles Times has waded in to the junk biology game, assuring us that no embryos are threatened in human cloning-WHEN THE WHOLE POINT OF HUMAN CLONING IS TO CREATE AN EMBRYO! (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
I've been working with mammalian embryos for over 40 years, with some work in my lab specifically focusing on various methods of cloning cattle and other livestock species. (wptv.com)
Sometimes the process of cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer still produces abnormal embryos, most of which die. (wptv.com)
The stem cells suits human needs, does not cause harm and can be obtained from both adult and fetal does not conflict with religious beliefs, it has tissues, umbilical cord and early embryos. (who.int)
Unicellular for those cells that are derived from human organisms are primed to replicate (clone) pre-embryos, which seem to have a high themselves by nature. (who.int)

This was the first successful reprogramming of human somatic cells into embryonic stem cells using a cloning technique, SCNT. (news-medical.net)

Successful somatic-cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) depends on the quality, availability and maturation of the animal's unfertilized oocytes. (nature.com)
For SCNT, the chromosomes of the unfertilized canine oocytes were removed by micromanipulation, and a single donor cell was transferred into each enucleated oocyte. (nature.com)
In genetics and developmental biology, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a laboratory strategy for creating a viable embryo from a body cell and an egg cell. (wikipedia.org)
For example, if a person with Parkinson's disease donated their somatic cells, the stem cells resulting from SCNT would have genes that contribute to Parkinson's disease. (wikipedia.org)
Another application of SCNT stem cell research is using the patient specific stem cell lines to generate tissues or even organs for transplant into the specific patient. (wikipedia.org)
Only a handful of the labs in the world are currently using SCNT techniques in human stem cell research. (wikipedia.org)
One cloning technology that has been developed for mammalian and human cells is somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (news-medical.net)
SCNT is a method of cloning mammalian cells that can be used to create personalized embryonic stem cells from an adult animal or human. (news-medical.net)
This has led to a lot of interest in SCNT, which is best known as the method used to pioneer whole animal cloning technology, such as Dolly the sheep. (news-medical.net)
But SCNT can also be used to clone human cells for transplant or other therapies. (news-medical.net)
Another successful attempt at human SCNT was made using cells from two adult males. (news-medical.net)
체세포 핵 치환 (Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, SCNT)은 난자 의 핵 을 제거한 후에, 체세포 의 핵을 이식하여 복제 를 하는 기술을 말한다. (wikipedia.org)
The primary cloning technique is called "somatic cell nuclear transfer" (SCNT). (cbc-network.org)
If the authors of this bill really meant what they appear to have written, their legislation would ban all human cloning, since as we have seen, biologically, a new human organism, that is, a new human being, comes into existence with the completion of SCNT. (cbc-network.org)
This is junk biology since implanting isn't the act of asexual reproduction: SCNT cloning is. (cbc-network.org)
Once the SCNT is done, the cloning is over. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The cloning is completed when the SCNT is accomplished. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
Again, Saunders is referring to SCNT as "THE" cloning procedure, when there are many other ways to clone a human being as well, and he is scientifically mis-defining the product of SCNT (i.e., the cloned human embryo). (lifeissues.net)

Kuldip S. Sidhu , " Frontiers in Pluripotent Stem Cells Research and Therapeutic Potentials Bench-to-Bedside ", Bentham Science Publishers (2012). (benthamscience.com)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can grow infinitely and give rise to all types of cells in human body, thus of tremendous therapeutic potentials for a variety of diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, and diabetes. (benthamscience.com)
It is used in both therapeutic and reproductive cloning. (wikipedia.org)
Stem cells can then be obtained by the destruction of this clone embryo for use in therapeutic cloning or in the case of reproductive cloning the clone embryo is implanted into a host mother for further development and brought to term. (wikipedia.org)
The therapeutic potential of cloned human cells has been demonstrated by another study using human oocytes to reprogram adult cells of a type 1 diabetic. (news-medical.net)
Although attempts have not yet been made to create a therapeutic transplant from embryonic stem cells, the methods have been developed to allow the creation of functional, mature cells using human cell cloning technology. (news-medical.net)
5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)
If the cloned human organism is to be experimented upon and destroyed, the process is often called "therapeutic cloning. (cbc-network.org)
Otherwise, such a treaty would not recognize the inherent human nature of the early human embryo or fetus until after birth , and thus cloning them and using them for research - both "therapeutic" and "reproductive" -- would not be banned, and women undergoing "infertility treatments" could surely be put in danger. (lifeissues.net)
In particular, scientific developments in areas such as iPS cells open new possibilities of research and, at mid term, of therapeutic applications, but they also bring new ethical challenges and problems requiring further reflection and debate. (lifeissues.net)
Therapeutic cloning possesses enormous potential for revolutionizing medical and thera- peutic techniques. (who.int)
This is therapeutic cloning. (who.int)
This cell then has therapeutic cloning: the global the capacity to divide and grow into an exact replica of the original from whom the debate somatic cell was taken. (who.int)

In the United States, scientists at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, the University of California San Francisco, the Oregon Health & Science University, Stemagen (La Jolla, CA) and possibly Advanced Cell Technology are currently researching a technique to use somatic cell nuclear transfer to produce embryonic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)

The technique consists of taking an denucleated oocyte (egg cell) and implanting a donor nucleus from a somatic (body) cell. (wikipedia.org)
Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a technique for cloning in which the nucleus of a somatic cell is transferred to the cytoplasm of an enucleated egg. (wikipedia.org)
After the somatic cell transfers, the cytoplasmic factors affect the nucleus to become a zygote. (wikipedia.org)
After being inserted into the egg, the somatic cell nucleus is reprogrammed by its host egg cell. (wikipedia.org)
The ovum, now containing the somatic cell's nucleus, is stimulated with a shock and will begin to divide. (wikipedia.org)
The cloning method is based on the fact that cytoplasmic factors in mature, metaphase II oocytes are able to reset the identity of a transplanted adult cell nucleus to an embryonic state. (news-medical.net)
The nucleus of an adult somatic cell (such as a skin cell) is removed and transferred to an enucleated egg, which is then stimulated with electric current or chemicals to activate cell division. (who.int)
However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)
Thus, the clone would be genetically identical to the nucleus donor only if the egg came from the same donor or from her maternal line. (who.int)
The nucleus of a body cell from the DNA donor is removed, and put into the place formerly occupied by the egg's nucleus. (cbc-network.org)
The team at OHSU [Oregon Health and Science University], which disclosed its work in a paper published online by Cell, created embryonic stem cells by replacing the nucleus in an unfertilized human egg with the nucleus from a skin cell, then harvesting the resulting stem cells. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
In this process, researchers remove the genetic material from an egg and replace it with the nucleus of some other body cell. (wptv.com)
7. "[footnote 16]: The cloning procedure supplies the oocyte with a complete set of chromosomes, all of which are contained in the nucleus which is transferred into the denucleated oocyte. (lifeissues.net)
Somatic cells from a donor are extracted, and the nucleus is fused with that of a host egg using in vitro fertilization. (payforessay.net)
This is whereby a cell nucleus is extracted from the body of a host and implanted into a donor's egg cell. (payforessay.net)
When the nucleus of a stem cell has been the technique of cloning. (who.int)
The con- is removed and replaced by a nucleus of cept of human cloning has long been in the another cell type, the stem cell will then imagination of many scientists, scholars and be reprogrammed to produce the product fiction writers [ 1 ]. (who.int)
The basic techniques of of the implanted nucleus, when it fully cloning have been known for some time, and develops. (who.int)

Development will ensue normally and after many mitotic divisions, the single cell forms a blastocyst (an early stage embryo with about 100 cells) with an identical genome to the original organism (i.e. a clone). (wikipedia.org)
These cells genetically matched the donor organism from which they came. (wikipedia.org)
These cells are deemed to have a pluripotent potential because they have the ability to give rise to all of the tissues found in an adult organism. (wikipedia.org)
A clone is an organism that is a genetic copy of an existing one. (who.int)
Scientists were initially interested in somatic-cell nuclear transfer as a means of determining whether genes remain functional even after most of them have been switched off as the cells in a developing organism assume their specialized functions as blood cells, muscle cells, and so forth. (who.int)
XI - embryonic stem cells: embryonic cells that are capable of modifying the cells of any organism tissue. (hinxtongroup.org)
… "embryo" means a human organism during the first 56 days of its development following fertilization or creation, excluding any time during which its development has been suspended, and includes any cell derived from such an organism that is used for the purpose of creating a human being. (hinxtongroup.org)
At that point - and this is important to understand - there is no more cloning to be done since a new human organism now exists. (cbc-network.org)
Or to put it the other way around, cloning, not implantation, is what produces a new and distinct human organism. (cbc-network.org)
A cloned embryo-like a natural embryo-is an individual organism, a member of its (in this case, human) species. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The proper definition of cloning is the reproduction of a replicate organism without fertilization or fusion of gonad cells. (payforessay.net)

That is what New Jersey legislators did when they passed and then Governor James McGreevey signed S-1909 last year, a law that was sold to the public as outlawing human cloning but which actually permits the creation of cloned human life, and its implantation and gestation up to and including the very moment prior to the emergence of the cloned baby from the birth canal. (cbc-network.org)

A potential use of stem cells genetically matched to a patient would be to create cell lines that have genes linked to a patient's particular disease. (wikipedia.org)
This was believed to be due to an inability to activate certain embryonic genes. (news-medical.net)
The fact that the DNA of a fully differentiated (adult) cell could be stimulated to revert to a condition comparable to that of a newly fertilized egg and to repeat the process of embryonic development demonstrates that all the genes in differentiated cells retain their functional capacity, although only a few are active. (who.int)

Humans inherit mitochondria from their mothers, and mechanisms have evolved to eliminate sperm mitochondria in early embryonic development. (asu.edu)

Dolly was the culmination of hundreds of cloning experiments that, for example, showed diploid embryonic and fetal cells could be parents of offspring. (wptv.com)

In 1996, Dolly the sheep became famous for being the first successful case of the reproductive cloning of a mammal. (wikipedia.org)
It became a hot topic in 1996 when Dolly the sheep was cloned via a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer. (archstl.org)
Although many species produce clonal offspring in this fashion, Dolly, the lamb born in 1996 at a research institute in Scotland, was the first asexually produced mammalian clone. (who.int)
Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)
It's been 20 years since scientists in Scotland told the world about Dolly the sheep , the first mammal successfully cloned from an adult body cell. (wptv.com)
What was special about Dolly is that her "parents" were actually a single cell originating from mammary tissue of an adult ewe. (wptv.com)
Dolly was an exact genetic copy of that sheep - a clone. (wptv.com)
In fact, one of the coauthors of the paper announcing Dolly worked in our laboratory for three years prior to going to Scotland to help create the famous clone. (wptv.com)
Dolly was an important milestone, inspiring scientists to continue improving cloning technology as well as to pursue new concepts in stem cell research. (wptv.com)
In contrast, Dolly was produced by what's called somatic cell nuclear transfer. (wptv.com)
Dolly demonstrated that adult somatic cells also could be used as parents. (wptv.com)
By my calculations, Dolly was the single success from 277 tries at somatic cell nuclear transfer. (wptv.com)

Somatic cell nuclear transplantation has become a focus of study in stem cell research. (wikipedia.org)
Cloning of a human being" means asexual reproduction by implanting or attempting to implant the product of nuclear transplantation [e.g., an embryo] into a uterus or substitute for a uterus with the purpose of producing a human being. (cbc-network.org)
It is the policy of Washington state that research involving the derivation and use of human embryonic stem cells, human embryonic germ cells, and human adult stem cells from any source, including somatic cell nuclear transplantation , is permitted upon full consideration of the ethical and medical implications of this research. (cbc-network.org)

2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)

A Korean institute Wednesday, Dec. 27, said that its DNA tests proved Prof. Hwang Woo-suk at Seoul National University (SNU) had successfully cloned a dog. (blogspot.com)

In 1996, Woodring Wright and his team examined human embryonic cells and found that telomerase was active in them. (asu.edu)
Much intensive research on this technology began, and in the year 1996, the first clone of a sheep was done. (payforessay.net)

But there was no way to easily know all the characteristics of the animal that would result from a cloned embryo or fetus. (wptv.com)

The term applies not only to entire organisms but also to copies of molecules (such as DNA) and cells. (who.int)
Telomerase is an enzyme that regulates the lengths of telomeres in the cells of many organisms, and in humans it begins to function int the early stages of embryonic development. (asu.edu)
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a mechanism in embryonic development that occurs naturally in organisms. (asu.edu)

In January 2018, a team of scientists in Shanghai announced the successful cloning of two female crab-eating macaques (named Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua) from foetal nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
1. Cloning is an umbrella term traditionally used by scientists to describe different processes for duplicating biological material. (who.int)
Scientists manipulate telomerase in cells to give cells the capacity to replicate infinitely. (asu.edu)
Scientists have used cloning technology to transform human skin cells into embryonic stem cells, an experiment that may revive the controversy over human cloning. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
The method described on Wednesday by Oregon State University scientists in the journal Cell, would not likely be able to create human clones, said Shoukhrat Mitalipov, senior scientist at the Oregon National Primate Research Center. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
For example, scientists have not yet found a way of effectively splitting the telomeres during cell division. (payforessay.net)
Therefore, the issue of cloning is still under serious debate by scientists, professionals and even within academic institutions as well as politics. (payforessay.net)

The second way to reproduce is a strictly human invention - known as "asexual" reproduction - or more commonly, cloning. (cbc-network.org)

We tested whether the cloned dogs were genetically identical by microsatellite analysis of genomic DNA from the donor Afghan, the cloned dogs and the surrogates (see supplementary information ). (nature.com)
Analysis of eight canine-specific microsatellite loci confirmed that the cloned dogs were genetically identical to their donor dog. (nature.com)
The resulting cells would be genetically identical to the somatic cell donor, thus avoiding any complications from immune system rejection. (wikipedia.org)
By transferring adult cell DNA into an embryonic stem cell, it is possible to create a line of immortal embryonic cells that are able to develop into any type of adult cell, genetically identical to the donor. (news-medical.net)
The term "clone", from the Greek word for twig, denotes a group of identical entities. (who.int)
In sexual reproduction, clones are created when a fertilized egg splits to produce identical (monozygous) twins with identical genomes. (who.int)
Beyond this scientific interest, the commercial concern in animal cloning focuses on replicating large numbers of genetically identical animals, especially those derived from a progenitor that has been modified genetically. (who.int)
But they showed, for the first time, that it is possible to create cloned embryonic stem cells that are genetically identical to the person from whom they are derived. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
When the one-cell embryo duplicates its genetic material, both cells of the now two-cell embryo are genetically identical. (wptv.com)
When they in turn duplicate their genetic material, each cell at the four-cell stage is genetically identical. (wptv.com)
Even while clones are genetically identical, their phenotypes - the characteristics they express - will be different. (wptv.com)

The blastocyst stage is developed by the egg to help create embryonic stem cells from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. (wikipedia.org)
Fertilization then occurs leading to the development of a blastocyst which then develops into an embryonic cell. (payforessay.net)
The reason for this is that the cells within a blastocyst are not yet differentiated. (payforessay.net)

WHA50.37 of 1997 argues that human cloning is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
WHA50.37, which states "the use of cloning for the replication of human individuals is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
While stem-cell research holds enormous potential for treating or even curing some diseases, the cloning of a human being is morally and ethically unacceptable…Any attempt to clone a human being is in direct conflict with the public policies of this state. (cbc-network.org)

The adult cell nuclei were transferred into metaphase-II stage human oocytes, producing a karyotypically normal diploid embryonic stem cell line from each of the adult male donor cells. (news-medical.net)
… "human clone" means an embryo that, as a result of the manipulation of human reproductive material or an in vitro embryo, contains a diploid set of chromosomes obtained from a single - living or deceased - human being, fetus, or embryo. (hinxtongroup.org)

Mouse nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells (NT-ESCs) were first established in 2000, and then proved to be able to differentiate either in vivo or in vitro, and give rise to individual tissues through germ line transmission or tetraploid complementation. (benthamscience.com)
Cloning of human cells is a technology that holds the potential to cure many diseases and provide a source of exactly matched transplant tissues and organs. (news-medical.net)
Dec. 29, 2005 -- South Korean laboratories used by scientist Hwang Woo Suk no longer have any stem cells created from patients' tissues, the result of the researcher's landmark May 2005 paper, the Seoul National University said. (blogspot.com)
This long-sought technique may eventually let doctors create replacement cells for a wide variety of tissues from bits of a patient's own skin. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)

Induced pluripotent stem cells, another types of pluripotent stem cells derived from any tissue by reprogramming and are the homologous source of stem cells. (benthamscience.com)
As if it were induced pluripotent stem cells, which really do turn skin into stem cells. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
But what is not getting such wide reporting is the use of pluripotent stem cells (as well as many other types of cells and genetic engineering techniques) for reproductive purposes . (lifeissues.net)

What is more, by deriving NT-ESCs from patient cells, the problem of immune rejection may be avoided. (benthamscience.com)

Furthermore, when this is done on a germ cell, the traits can be carried forward to future generations. (payforessay.net)
Reproductive cloning versus germ cell (egg, ovum). (who.int)

Gurdon's first experiment in 1958 showed that the nuclei of Xenopus cells maintained their ability to direct normal development when transplanted. (asu.edu)

These are then fused by inserting the somatic cell into the 'empty' ovum. (wikipedia.org)

Here we describe the cloning of two Afghan hounds by nuclear transfer from adult skin cells into oocytes that had matured in vivo . (nature.com)
Donor fibroblasts were obtained from an ear-skin biopsy of a male Afghan hound and cultured for two to five passages (in which fully grown cells are transferred to a new culture dish). (nature.com)
a , Snuppy, the first cloned dog, at 67 days after birth (right), with the three-year-old male Afghan hound (left) whose somatic skin cells were used to clone him. (nature.com)
HumanPass Wednesday confirmed fingerprinting traces of Snuppy, Hwang's canine clone, matched those of its somatic cell donor, an Afghan hound named Tai, while they demonstrated disparate mitochondrial genotypes. (blogspot.com)

As cells rapidly proliferate during development, some of them undergo apoptosis, which is necessary for many stages in development, including neural development, reduction in egg cells (oocytes) at birth, as well as the shaping of fingers and vestigial organs in humans and other animals. (asu.edu)

The non-embryonic stem cells like adult stem cells are in clinical use for many years and embryonic stem cells are now emerging as an alternative source for the same purpose with huge potentials in drug discovery and toxicological studies. (benthamscience.com)
The Church also supports research and therapies using adult stem cells, which are cells that come from any person who has been born - including umbilical cord blood, bone marrow, skin and other organs. (archstl.org)

This gives them the ability to create patient specific pluripotent cells, which could then be used in therapies or disease research. (wikipedia.org)
That's why Father Pacholczyk, director of education at the National Catholic Bioethics Center in Philadelphia, said that the efforts to help people understand the immorality of embryo reserch, including human cloning, must focus on humanizing the issue and appreciating our own embryonic origins, not just on the desired results of embryonic or other types of stem-cell research. (archstl.org)
A decade later, cloning came to the forefront in Missouri with the narrow passage of Amendment 2, a ballot initiative in 2006 that constitutionally protects embryonic stem-cell research and human cloning. (archstl.org)
Snuppy was cast under suspicion following revelations that the Korean scientist had fabricated his stem cell research. (blogspot.com)
It brightens the prospects that his team retains the source technologies for stem cell research," Park said. (blogspot.com)
``The patient-matching stem cells no longer exist,'' Roe Jung Hye, dean of research of affairs at the university, said in an e-mailed statement. (blogspot.com)
The university has been conducting a probe on Hwang and his research since Dec. 16, including genetic tests on stem cells being stored at the laboratories. (blogspot.com)
The bill purports to promote stem-cell research, while outlawing the cloning of a human being. (cbc-network.org)
Such is the fate of two entire fields of academia intertwined in the current issue of human embryonic stem cell research. (lifeissues.net)
See Irving, "Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research: Are official positions based on scientific fraud? (lifeissues.net)
US researchers have reported a breakthrough in stem cell research, describing how they have turned human skin cells into embryonic stem cells for the first time. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)
and altering cell and tissue characteristics for biomedical research and manufacturing. (nationalacademies.org)
The use of various types of stem cells for research purposes to make disease "models" in the lab for regenerative medicine and for "therapies" to cure sick patients for diseases is constantly in the news. (lifeissues.net)
increased public sensitivity and awareness together with the development of national regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general. (lifeissues.net)
3. National regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general adopted so far confirm the convergence of views of the refusal to adopt legislation or guidelines permitting reproductive cloning , while they still show variations on the legitimacy of human cloning carried out as part of research agendas. (lifeissues.net)
This paper outlines the debates prompted through a reproduction mechanism involv- by progress in cloning research, with special ing male and female germ cells. (who.int)

Meanwhile, the ability of the mature egg to transform and begin embryonic development remains fully potent. (cbc-network.org)
However, it appears that the ability of the In its simplest form, cloning is defined stem cells to transform is limited, except as the exact replication of cells. (who.int)

The researchers stopped well short of creating a human clone. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)

Stem cells are not specialized and the process of their specialization is called differentiation. (benthamscience.com)
The process of somatic cell nuclear transfer involves two different cells. (wikipedia.org)
If it is to be brought to birth, the process is usually called "reproductive cloning. (cbc-network.org)
Apoptosis is a different process from cell necrosis, which is uncontrolled cell death usually after infection or specific trauma. (asu.edu)
After that, the question becomes not whether to clone, but what to do with the embryo that was created through the cloning process. (nationalrighttolifenews.org)

See "Review of Critical Article: Cobbe, 'Why the apparent haste to clone humans? (lifeissues.net)
Mitochondrial diseases in humans result when the small organelles called mitochondria, which exist in all human cells, fail to function normally. (asu.edu)
Sometimes you might not be well acquainted with the concept of cloning be it on humans or even on animals. (payforessay.net)

The genetic material of the donor egg cell is removed and discarded, leaving it 'deprogrammed. (wikipedia.org)
Most natural cloning occurs in those species that produce their descendants asexually, that is, without combining the male and female genetic material. (who.int)
if it implants and the pregnancy goes to term, the resulting individual will carry the same nuclear genetic material as the donor of the adult somatic cell. (who.int)
These germ cells are the only ones in the body that have their genetic material all jumbled up and in half the quantity of every other kind of cell. (wptv.com)
instead of half the genetic material coming from a sperm and half from an egg, it all comes from a single cell. (wptv.com)
Cloning might involve altering the genetic material of a person to get rid of unwanted traits. (payforessay.net)

The present report gives an overview of the terms and methods used in cloning and summarizes the debates in the General Assembly. (who.int)
As part of its charge, the committee was asked to prepare a subreport evaluating methods for detecting potential unintended compositional changes across the spectrum of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), proteins, metabolites and nutrients that may occur in food derived from cloned animals that have not been genetically modified via genetic engineering methods. (nationalacademies.org)
Detailed descriptions of methods used in animal cloning and biotechnology are provided in the report Animal Biotechnology: Science-Based Concerns (NRC, 2002). (nationalacademies.org)
In addition, the committee was charged with evaluating methods to detect potential, unintended, adverse health effects of foods derived from cloned animals. (nationalacademies.org)

These cells have been sought after as potential therapies for diseases ranging from heart disease to Parkinson's to cancer. (news-medical.net)

The aim of carrying out this procedure is to obtain pluripotent cells from a cloned embryo. (wikipedia.org)
In the year 1952, the first successful cloning procedure took place. (payforessay.net)

Wilson shook apart the cells at early stages of embryonic development, and he observed the development of the isolated cells. (asu.edu)

Stem cells are emerging as an important source of material for diseases in regenerative medicine. (benthamscience.com)
Father Tad Pacholczyk is convinced that embryonic stem cells will someday cure diseases. (archstl.org)

The study of biology of stem cells is the hallmark of the recent emerging field of regenerative medicine and medical biotechnology. (benthamscience.com)

The disease specific stem cell lines could then be studied in order to better understand the condition. (wikipedia.org)
Only two of Hwang's 11 claimed stem-cell lines existed when he submitted his 2005 paper to the journal, Science, the university said on Dec. 23. (blogspot.com)

it's highly variable, though, depending on the cell type used and the species. (wptv.com)

Those were spindle removal, donor cell fusion, and cytoplast activation. (news-medical.net)

With this, Hwang demonstrated his team's technical prowess in cloning. (blogspot.com)
Prof. Kong Il-keun at Suncheon University who cloned six cats last summer concurs with Park but the embryologist expressed his regret since Hwang asked for the tests while the SNU team is reviewing the authenticity of Snuppy. (blogspot.com)
Such "guidelines" will ensure that stem cell researchers are not treated poorly as was Hwang when he was eventually found guilty of falsifying his data. (lifeissues.net)

But it is perhaps not auspicious to quote him for purposes of the scientific debates on human cloning, because Ramsey agreed with and supported the scientific myth of the "pre-embryo" 47 made famous by Jesuit Richard McCormick and frog embryologist Clifford Grobstein. (lifeissues.net)

One of the greatest controversies triggered tissue, a stem cell encoding for heart tissue by the rapid pace of evolution in biology, will eventually develop into heart tissue particularly in genomics and biotechnology, and so on. (who.int)

Anatomy8

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment4

Phenomena and Processes4

Information Science3

Health Care1

Embryos21

Reprogramming of human somatic cells1

SCNT18

Therapeutic13

Produce embryonic stem1

Nucleus18

Organism11

Creation of cloned human1

Genes3

Early embryonic1

Fetal1

Dolly12

Nuclear transplantation3

Oocyte1

Successfully cloned1

19962

Embryo or fetus1

Organisms3

Scientists7

Asexual1

Identical11

Blastocyst3

Ethically unacceptable3

Diploid2

Tissues4

Pluripotent stem3

ESCs1

Germ cell2

Nuclei1

Ovum1

Afghan4

Oocytes1

Adult stem2

Research16

Transform2

Human clone1

Process5

Humans3

Genetic material6

Methods4

Therapies1

Procedure2

Development1

Diseases2

Regenerative medicine1

Stem cell lines2

Species1

Donor cell1

Hwang3

Debates1

Biotechnology1