Embryonic cell and gene. Medical search. Frequent questions

We also begin to produce and characterize a new type of human stem cells, namely induced pluripotent cells that are obtained by converting somatic cells into stem cell through reprogramming. (ca.gov)
Therefore, regulation of NANOG expression plays a critical role in determining the fate of pluripotent cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Somatic cell nuclear transfer has shown limited success in animal studies, which have successfully isolated pluripotent cells. (the-scientist.com)

Gene-trapped mouse embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes and human genetics implicate AKAP10 in heart rhythm regulation. (ca.gov)
Is the Subject Area "Gene regulation" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
Genetics Seminar Series: 'Cell identity is altered through regulation of genic and gene-distal elements in embryonic stem cells and acute myeloid leukemia. (yale.edu)
Furthermore, our data analysis revealed that the cell cycle, urea cycle, p53 signaling, and metabolism of amino groups are significantly implicated in the regulation of hESC differentiation. (molcells.org)
E activity of enhancers in embryonic stem cells: a new epigenetic signature for gene regulation. (atminhibitor.com)
In this paper we summarise recent advances in our knowledge of the regulation of Xist and Tsix in embryonic stem (ES) and differentiating ES cells. (hal.science)
Regulation of the NANOG gene by TFs, epigenetic factors, and autoregulatory factors is well characterized in ESCs, and transcriptional regulation of NANOG is well established in these cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Although NANOG plays a key role in germ cells, the molecular mechanism underlying its transcriptional regulation in PGCs has not been studied. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, identification of regulatory elements within the promoter region is considered crucial to understand the mechanism underlying transcriptional regulation in specific cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, despite the failure to gain active histone marks at thousands of enhancers, transcriptional activation of nearby genes is largely unaffected, thus uncoupling the regulation of these chromatin events from transcriptional changes during this transition. (biomedcentral.com)
Target gene regulation is mediated by general chromatin regulators which are recruited to enhancers bound by TFs. (biomedcentral.com)
In plants, 5mC DNA methylation is an important and conserved epistatic mark involving genomic stability, gene transcriptional regulation, developmental regulation, abiotic stress response, metabolite synthesis, etc. (phys.org)
We provide a new mechanism for the regulation of heart development by PITX2 isoforms through the regulation of ANF and PLOD1 gene expression and Nkx2.5 transcriptional activity. (lu.se)
Cadmium coordinates up-regulation of cytoprotective genes and protection agains metal toxicity by inhibiting the ubiquitination of Nrf2 and disrupting the Nrf2/Keap1 complex. (cdc.gov)
Notch signaling pathway is also involved in the regulation of epithelial cell differentiation in various tissues 5-6 . (bvsalud.org)
Molecular mechanisms for regulation of gene expression at different levels: remodeling of chromatin, initiation of transcription, nuclear transport and signalling, and RNA interference. (lu.se)
Principles for regulation of gene expression through intercellular signalling. (lu.se)
Gene regulation in developmental biology and the cell cycle. (lu.se)

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, an early-stage pre-implantation embryo. (wikipedia.org)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), derived from the blastocyst stage of early mammalian embryos, are distinguished by their ability to differentiate into any embryonic cell type and by their ability to self-renew. (wikipedia.org)
When provided with the appropriate signals, ESCs initially form precursor cells that in subsequently differentiate into the desired cell types. (wikipedia.org)
ESCs divide very frequently due to a shortened G1 phase in their cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
Retinoblastoma proteins that inhibit the transcription factor E2F until the cell is ready to enter S phase are hyperphosphorylated and inactivated in ESCs, leading to continual expression of proliferation genes. (wikipedia.org)
Despite this difference in the cell cycle when compared to ESCs grown in media containing serum these cells have similar pluripotent characteristics. (wikipedia.org)
These cells have been described as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and. (scitizen.com)
PCGF6-PRC1 bound loci are highly enriched for promoters of germ cell-related genes in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). (ox.ac.uk)
Conditional ablation of Pcgf6 in ESCs leads to robust de-repression of such germ cell-related genes, in turn affecting cell growth and viability. (ox.ac.uk)
Here, we show that TBX3 is dynamically expressed during specification of the mesendoderm lineages in differentiating embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro and in developing mouse and Xenopus embryos in vivo. (nih.gov)
NANOG is a core transcription factor (TF) in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and primordial germ cells (PGCs). (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, we investigated the mechanism that regulates transcription of the chicken NANOG ( cNANOG) gene in PGCs and ESCs. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, we decided to revisit the prevailing model including the epistatic relationship between MLL3/4 to H3K4me1, H3K27ac, and gene transcription in the context of ESCs transitioning from the naive to formative pluripotent states. (biomedcentral.com)

Pluripotency distinguishes embryonic stem cells from adult stem cells, which are multipotent and can only produce a limited number of cell types. (wikipedia.org)
Pluripotency factors Oct4 and Nanog play a role in transcriptionally regulating the embryonic stem cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
RNA-Seq analysis reveals pluripotency-associated genes and their interaction networks in human embryonic stem cells. (bvsalud.org)
Insight into the key genes of pluripotency in human and their interrelationships is necessary for understanding the underlying mechanism of pluripotency and hence their successful application in regenerative medicine . (bvsalud.org)
The recent advances in transcriptomics technologies have created new opportunities to decipher the genes involved in pluripotency, genetic network that governs the unique properties of embryonic stem cells and lineage differentiation mechanisms in a deeper scale. (bvsalud.org)
Thus, we aim to identify the pluripotency-associated genes and their interaction network. (bvsalud.org)
Our analysis revealed a consensus set of 498 pluripotency-associated genes and 432 genes as potential pluripotent cell differentiation markers. (bvsalud.org)
These pluripotency critical genes formed a tightly bound co-expression network with small-world architecture . (bvsalud.org)
Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis , StemChecker and literature survey confirmed the involvement of the genes in the induction and maintenance of pluripotency, though more experimental studies are required for understanding their molecular mechanisms in human . (bvsalud.org)
Cell-fate decisions and pluripotency are dependent on networks of key transcriptional regulators. (nih.gov)
PGCs express several pluripotency-related TFs such as NANOG, POU5F3 , and SOX2 , and their expression controls transcription of germness-related genes in these cells [ 11 , 29 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Writing in the journal Cell Stem Cell , the team reports that more than half of mouse epiblast stem cells treated with the drug reversed course within three days, and regained an embryonic "be anything" state, also called pluripotency. (sciencedaily.com)
Past attempts by other teams to restore pluripotency to mouse cells from the epiblast stem cell state have yielded far lower amounts, or non-viable cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Background: Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties: self renewal and pluripotency. (lu.se)
Also, under/over-expression studies of the master regulator Oct4 have revealed that some self-renewal/pluripotency as well as differentiation genes are expressed in a biphasic manner with respect to the concentration of Oct4. (lu.se)
TFs being expressed and the downstream differentiation target been established as candidates to regulate both pluripotency and genes being shut off [11]. (lu.se)
Their mutagenic potential and gene regulatory effect have shaped the evolution of transcriptional networks involved in development, pluripotency, and inflammation. (lu.se)

Firstly, we present a robust 2-week protocol for the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into forebrain neural progenitor cells. (lu.se)

Summary of Research Progress: Our research aims to identify the optimal culture conditions and the best hESC lines for the derivation of nerve lineage cells in therapeutic cell transplantation. (ca.gov)
Reactivation of these genes may offer therapeutic approaches for the hemoglobinopathies, the most common single gene disorders. (ox.ac.uk)
Researchers are currently focusing heavily on the therapeutic potential of embryonic stem cells, with clinical use being the goal for many laboratories. (wikipedia.org)
Therapeutic cloning, which creates embryonic stem cells . (medlineplus.gov)
With therapeutic cloning, or the creation of banks of stem cells generated using parthenogenesis (perhaps as few as 40-400 lines), a limitless supply of immune-matched cells could be generated for most of the population. (news-medical.net)
The findings validate this controversial method, and may one day allow therapeutic stem cells to be created from a patient's own genetic material. (the-scientist.com)
In the best case, an early embryo consisting of a few cells may form, but these are not capable of giving rise to human life, nor hESCs for therapeutic purposes. (the-scientist.com)
The triploid cells aren't suitable for therapeutic purposes, and future efforts will be focused on trying to eliminate the [egg cell] genome," said Daley, who wrote an accompanying News & Views in Nature . (the-scientist.com)
While iPSCs avoid the ethical issues surrounding embryonic stem cells, the methods used to derive them sometimes induce mutations in cancer causing genes, making them unsuitable for therapeutic purposes. (the-scientist.com)
5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)

Single-cell level characterization of embryonic development is a major benchmark of human developmental biology. (newswise.com)
Here, we defined the single-cell spatiotemporal gene expression landscape of human embryonic development with stem-cell-derived organoids. (newswise.com)
We established the human embryonic organoid (HEMO) from expanded potential stem cells and achieved both embryonic and extraembryonic tissues in the same organoid. (newswise.com)
Time-series single-cell RNA sequencing paired with single-cell resolution spatial revealed human embryonic development signatures such as extraembryonic placenta, yolk sac hematopoiesis neural crest, blood vessels, and cardiac mesoderm. (newswise.com)
Overall, our study advances the spatiotemporal analysis of human embryonic development in stem-cell-derived organoids. (newswise.com)
We will further characterize molecular changes during directed cell differentiation and identify the cells that exhibit a pattern of DNA modification, namely DNA methylation, similar to primary neural cells in human brain. (ca.gov)
In the past year, we have made progress in guiding several lines of human stem cells into nerve cells. (ca.gov)
We also test the pattern of DNA methylation in different lines of human stem cells. (ca.gov)
The Human Cell Atlas. (crossref.org)
Here, we model early human neural tube development using human embryonic stem cells cultured in a microfluidic device. (nature.com)
Human embryos reach the blastocyst stage 4-5 days post fertilization, at which time they consist of 50-150 cells. (wikipedia.org)
These germ layers generate each of the more than 220 cell types in the adult human body. (wikipedia.org)
According to a 2002 article in PNAS, "Human embryonic stem cells have the potential to differentiate into various cell types, and, thus, may be useful as a source of cells for transplantation or tissue engineering. (wikipedia.org)
The establishment of the first human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in 1998 provided a unique tool for studying human development. (molcells.org)
In this context, we conducted microarray-based differential gene expression analyses using two Korean embryo-derived hESC lines (CHA3 and CHA4) to identify undifferentiated and spontaneously dif-ferentiated (human embryoid body, or hEB) status. (molcells.org)
Using this approach in cell therapy manufacturing would help developers track materials through the production process, minimize labor requirements, and reduce the risk of human error. (genengnews.com)
Scientists were able to produce from human embryonic stem cells a highly pure, large quantity of functioning neurons that will allow them to create models of and study diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, prefrontal dementia and schizophrenia. (sciencedaily.com)
Researchers previously had been able to produce neurons - the impulse-conducting cells in the brain and spinal cord - from human embryonic stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Sun's method prodded human embryonic stem cells to differentiate into neural stem cells, the cells that give rise to neurons. (sciencedaily.com)
The realization that not all human embryonic stem cell lines are born equal is critical," Sun said. (sciencedaily.com)
If you're studying a disease found in a certain part of the brain, you should use a human embryonic stem cell line that produces the neurons from that region of the brain to get the most accurate results from your study. (sciencedaily.com)
DG75 exosomes effectively bound to human B cells within PBMCs and had been internalized by isolated B cells. (atminhibitor.com)
The work "highlights the value of [human embryonic stem cells] as a model system for early human embryo development," the study's coauthor, Rachel Eiges of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, told The Scientist . (the-scientist.com)
There are a large number of experimental studies on human embryonic stem cells ( hESCs ) being routinely conducted for unfolding the underlying biology of embryogenesis and their clinical prospects. (bvsalud.org)
21 Nov, 2007 10:54 am A huge advancement in stem cell research--and a stake in the heart of human cloning--was announced yesterday. (scitizen.com)
18 Sep, 2007 12:13 pm Rice University researchers have engineered musculoskeletal cartilages with human embryonic stem cells, with the hope of eventually using the neotissue. (scitizen.com)
6 Sep, 2007 12:57 pm British authorities decided yesterday to permit research that uses animal eggs to create human stem cells because of the limited supply of human eggs. (scitizen.com)
27 Jun, 2007 06:08 pm Stem cells have the potential to become all the cells and tissues in the human body. (scitizen.com)
Researchers hope to use these cells to grow healthy tissue to replace injured or diseased tissues in the human body. (medlineplus.gov)
By performing promoter capture Hi-C (PCHi-C) on human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs), we show that such promoter interactions are a key mechanism by which enhancers contact their target genes after hESC-CM differentiation from hESCs. (manchester.ac.uk)
Furthermore, we laid the foundation for translation of the proposed CRISPR therapy to human cells and eventually aniridia patients. (ubc.ca)
We differentiated several human embryonic stem cell lines into RPE," said Irina Klimanskaya, Senior Scientist at ACT, and first author of the study. (news-medical.net)
Human embryonic stem cells are so exciting because they provide a pathway of making many desperately-needed cell types for use in medicine," said Michael D. West, President & C.E.O. at ACT and an author on the paper. (news-medical.net)
Besides use in the aging retina, human embryonic stem cells have now demonstrated the potential to change the face of several age-related degenerative diseases, perhaps one day allowing physicians to prescribe young cells they way they dispense pills today. (news-medical.net)
At this time I also began working with mouse and human embryonic stem cells resulting in the publication of some of the first papers describing the osteogenic differentiation of mouse ES and human cells in vitro and in vivo . (nottingham.ac.uk)
Noninvasive detection and imaging of molecular markers in live cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells Biophysical Journal. (nottingham.ac.uk)
A breakthrough in somatic cell nuclear transfer opens the possibility of producing human embryonic stem cells with a patient's own genes. (the-scientist.com)
The first pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have been generated from somatic cell nuclear transfer, according to a study published today (October 5) in Nature . (the-scientist.com)
The advance here is the proof that somatic cell nuclear transfer can work [in human cells] and can fully reset the donor cell genome to a pluripotent state," said Harvard Medical School's George Daley , who was not affiliated with the study. (the-scientist.com)
This could help researchers identify abnormalities in iPSC differentiation, correct them, and develop pluripotent stem cells that don't harbor tumorigenic qualities and do not require the use of human embryos. (the-scientist.com)
Now, they're working to see if the MM-401 eraser technique works with human stem cells that bear some resemblance to mouse epiblast stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Currently, embryos left over from infertility treatments are the only source of human embryonic stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Other techniques can reprogram "adult" cells in the human body taken from skin, for example -- but the cells still carry baggage from their previous state. (sciencedaily.com)
The biochemical functions of the human PORCN gene still are not completely characterized. (medscape.com)
Although biochemical functions of the human PORCN gene are not well characterized, Wnt signaling may be involved in the phenotypic expression of focal dermal hypoplasia where defective/deficient Wnt signaling could affect cell fate or result in failure of a progenitor cell line to expand. (medscape.com)
To circumvent these obstacles, we have developed two methods for the investigation of human neural cells in culture. (lu.se)
We show that human and chimpanzee cells differentiate in a similar man¬ner and that the difference in interspecies protein abundance is higher than transcript-level differences, suggesting that post-transcriptional mechanisms play a role in the difference between human and chim¬panzee brain development. (lu.se)
Aim: To detect the expression of molecules associated with Notch signaling pathway in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) cultured in specific differentiation medium, namely, keratinocyte growth medium (KGM). (bvsalud.org)
Notch-1, Jagged-1, Jagged-2, and stem cell marker Nanog are expressed in SHED cultured in KGM which may be involved in the differentiation into epithelial-like cells in human dental pulp tissues. (bvsalud.org)
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are multipotent stem cells derived from the pulp tissues of extracted deciduous teeth 1 . (bvsalud.org)
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) (ALLCells, Alameda, CA, USA) were employed in the current study. (bvsalud.org)
2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)
Immunohisto- have been used for positive selection of NSCs from em- chemistry on human embryonic central nervous system bryonic mice (Nagato et al. (lu.se)
CD133+), but are rarely codetected with the neural stem dents, very few human-specific NSC markers have been cell (NSC) marker CD15. (lu.se)

Self-renewal conditions must prevent the cells from clumping and maintain an environment that supports an unspecialized state. (wikipedia.org)
Due to their plasticity and potentially unlimited capacity for self-renewal, embryonic stem cell therapies have been proposed for regenerative medicine and tissue replacement after injury or disease. (wikipedia.org)
The T-box transcription factor TBX3 has been implicated in regulating embryonic stem cell self-renewal and cardiogenesis. (nih.gov)
SCs are not only capable of maintaining themselves (self-renewal) but also give rise to a proliferative 'transit amplifying' compartment and ultimately to postmitotic differentiated cells with specialized functions. (medscape.com)
By contrast, transit amplifying cells and differentiated cells are incapable of self-renewal and tissue regeneration. (medscape.com)

We described the early embryonic development of the loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus , based on morphological features and gene expression. (bioone.org)

Toward this goal, we propose to compare the behavior of nerve cell differentiation in multiple lines of hESCs in one laboratory setting. (ca.gov)

A stochastic epigenetic switch controls the dynamics of T-cell lineage commitment. (crossref.org)
In addition, TFs generally initiate and guide cell fate such as lineage progression and control the stability of cell differentiation [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Citation: Chickarmane V, Peterson C (2008) A Computational Model for Understanding Stem Cell, Trophectoderm and Endoderm Lineage Determination. (lu.se)

An additional goal, the discovery of unknown genes involved in the serotonergic development and profiling of serotonergic phenotype, might also be achieved. (fu-berlin.de)
Isolating the inner cell mass (embryoblast) using immunosurgery results in destruction of the blastocyst, a process which raises ethical issues, including whether or not embryos at the pre-implantation stage have the same moral considerations as embryos in the post-implantation stage of development. (wikipedia.org)
Rapid cell division allows the cells to quickly grow in number, but not size, which is important for early embryo development. (wikipedia.org)
The large number of pure neurons produced will allow Sun and her team to study their biological form and structure, the genes they express, the development of synapses and the electric and chemical communication activities within the synapse network. (sciencedaily.com)
Researchers have used a line of embryonic stem cells carrying the mutation for Fragile X Syndrome, the most common genetic form of mental retardation, to determine when the altered gene exerts its effect during development, according to a study published online this week in Cell Stem Cell . (the-scientist.com)
8 Jun, 2007 04:13 pm Stem cells provide the starting material for the development and repair of every organ and tissue in the body and they are present in all stages of life. (scitizen.com)
Notch receptors and Notch ligands were detected in virtually all cells throughout EB development. (karger.com)
We also find a role for PCGF6 in pre- and peri-implantation mouse embryonic development. (ox.ac.uk)
Our results suggest that ES cells recapitulate closely the early steps of muscle development in vivo and may serve as an excellent in vitro system to study this process. (uni-luebeck.de)
Development of a CRISPR gene correction strategy for. (ubc.ca)
The critical functions of TFs in development are coupled to their target genes through TF binding of cis -regulatory elements such as enhancers. (biomedcentral.com)
During the first hours of an embryo's development, specialized molecules called pioneer transcription factors unravel parts of its DNA to activate the encoded genes. (phys.org)
Large-scale cDNA analysis reveals phased gene expression patterns during preimplantation mouse development. (nih.gov)
Early developmental staging from the zygote stage to the gastrula is a basic step for studying embryonic development and biotechnology. (bioone.org)
The embryonic development of the loach resembled that of the zebrafish in terms of morphological change and gene expression. (bioone.org)
But it also plays a much more mundane role in regular cell development, and the formation of blood cells and the cells that form the spinal cord in later-stage embryos. (sciencedaily.com)
Pitx2(-/-) mice present with severe cardiac malformations and embryonic lethality, demonstrating a role for PITX2 in heart development. (lu.se)
The fact that the DNA of a fully differentiated (adult) cell could be stimulated to revert to a condition comparable to that of a newly fertilized egg and to repeat the process of embryonic development demonstrates that all the genes in differentiated cells retain their functional capacity, although only a few are active. (who.int)
Wnt signaling is critical for normal embryonic development of the skin, bones, and other structures. (medscape.com)
Since Wnt signaling proteins cannot be released without the PORCN protein, and Wnt signaling is important for normal embryonic development, the defects found in this disorder are related to lack of Wnt signaling. (medscape.com)
Wnt proteins are key regulators of embryonic development. (medscape.com)
A family of transcription factors that control EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT within a variety of cell lineages. (bvsalud.org)
Exposure to environmental toxins during embryonic development may lead to epigenetic changes that influence disease risk in childhood and later life. (who.int)
However, molecular genetic studies have shown that some genes on the inactivated X chromosome (or chromosomes) remain functional, and these few are essential to normal female development. (msdmanuals.com)
Mechanisms that regulate development from single cell to multicellular organisms. (lu.se)
Principles of how dysregulation causes tumour growth and deviant embryonic development. (lu.se)

In addition to their potential in regenerative medicine, embryonic stem cells provide a possible alternative source of tissue/organs which serves as a possible solution to the donor shortage dilemma. (wikipedia.org)
In addition to retinal cells, other stem-cell derivatives are likely to play an important role in the future of regenerative medicine. (news-medical.net)
The researchers of the paper from Advanced Cell Technology, collaborated with scientists from the Institute of Regenerative Medicine at Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, and the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinios. (news-medical.net)
Advanced Cell Technology is a leading biotechnology company in the emerging field of regenerative medicine. (news-medical.net)
Such an approach is highly relevant to regenerative medicine since it allows for a rapid search over the host of possibilities for reprogramming to a stem cell state. (lu.se)

Genetic abnormalities associated with MDS block differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. (medscape.com)
The Notch signaling pathway provides important intercellular signaling mechanisms essential for cell fate specification and it regulates differentiation and proliferation of stem or progenitor cells by para-inducing effects 3-4 . (bvsalud.org)
1983) and the multipotent progenitor cells from fetal disease (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 2000). (lu.se)

The cells are being studied to be used as clinical therapies, models of genetic disorders, and cellular/DNA repair. (wikipedia.org)
The study, one of the first to use stem cells from an embryo afflicted with a genetic disorder, found that the mutated gene functions normally in early embryogenesis, but is silenced by cell differentiation. (the-scientist.com)
Cloning describes the processes used to create an exact genetic replica of another cell, tissue or organism. (medlineplus.gov)
A germ cell-specific gene regulatory network is required to maintain the unique properties of primordial germ cells (PGCs) for transmission of genetic information to the next generation [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Noggle said the findings may also pave the way for better induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which form when somatic cells are regressed to a pluripotent state through the use of genetic factors. (the-scientist.com)
2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)
Genetic experiments using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells derived from wild type or Nrf2 knockout mice revealed that the cells lacking Nrf2 exhibited markedly increased production of ROS and sensitivity to Cd cytotoxicity. (cdc.gov)
if it implants and the pregnancy goes to term, the resulting individual will carry the same nuclear genetic material as the donor of the adult somatic cell. (who.int)
However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)
The focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH) genetic defect has been associated with at least 80 different mutations in the PORCN gene of the X chromosome (Xp11.23). (medscape.com)
Mechanisms for maintaining genetic information during cell division and the generation of genetic variation: replication, mitosis, meiosis, recombination. (lu.se)
Gene technology: basic and applied molecular genetic methods. (lu.se)

In addition to suggesting therapies for severe α-thalassemia, these findings illustrate the general principles by which reactivation of developmental genes may rescue abnormalities arising from mutations in their adult paralogues. (ox.ac.uk)
For pediatric patients with refractory cytopenia, certain cytogenetic abnormalities, or malignant transformation, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from a matched related or unrelated donor early in the course of the disease is the treatment of choice. (medscape.com)
In the skin, these abnormalities follow the embryonic lines of Blaschko. (medscape.com)
skeletal abnormalities and gene mutations are not a requirement to confirm the diagnosis. (medscape.com)

BayGenomics: a resource of insertional mutations in mouse embryonic stem cells. (nih.gov)
Studies indicate that focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH) is usually caused by mutations of the PORCN gene, mapped to locus Xp11.23. (medscape.com)
In 90% of the cases, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome is associated with mutations in the Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome ( SBDS ) gene located on chromosome 7. (medscape.com)
Also, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome has been associated with mutations in the SBDS gene, located on chromosome 7. (medscape.com)

Normal proliferative tissues contain multipotent stem cells (SCs) that drive tissue turnover. (medscape.com)

One member of our group is responsible for a facility within the Molecular Biotechnology Center in Torino, aimed at the preparation of transgenic mice using recombinant ES cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Dr. Rajaguru Aradhya and Jagla, K., "Insulin-dependent Non-canonical Activation of Notch in Drosophila: A Story of Notch-Induced Muscle Stem Cell Proliferation", in Notch Signaling in Embryology and Cancer: Molecular Biology of Notch Signaling, vol. 1227, J. Reichrath and Reichrath, S., Eds. (amrita.edu)
These cells expressed RPE-specific molecular markers and were capable of phagocytosis, an important RPE function. (news-medical.net)
Differentiomics could also be a valuable predictive tool for quality assessment of other ES cell derivatives based on their molecular signature. (news-medical.net)
This is achieved through mechanistic studies of functionally important epigenetic "driver" genes and molecular pathways altered by specific cancer risk agents and by the application of cutting-edge epigenomics in conjunction with unique biospecimens from population-based cohorts (Figure 1). (who.int)
Introduction: Five different molecular subtypes of breast cancer have been identified through gene expression profiling. (lu.se)

Aberration occurs in a stem cell that can give rise to multiple lineages. (medscape.com)
This event explains the presence of multiple derangements observed in the bone marrow that involve several cell lineages. (medscape.com)
SHED has the ability to be differentiated to specific cell lineages such as odontoblasts and osteoblasts as well as epithelial like cells. (bvsalud.org)

Here, we demonstrate that PCGF6-PRC1 plays a role in repressing a subset of PRC1 target genes by recruiting RING1B and mediating downstream mono-ubiquitination of histone H2A. (ox.ac.uk)

To identify genes that regulate heart rhythm, we are developing a screen that uses mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) with gene disruptions that can be differentiated into cardiac cells for phenotyping. (ca.gov)
Long-range chromosomal interactions bring distal regulatory elements and promoters together to regulate gene expression in biological processes. (manchester.ac.uk)
A new study led by University of Maryland physicists sheds light on the cellular processes that regulate genes. (phys.org)
Pitx2a and Pitx2c are endogenously expressed in C3H10T1/ 2 cells, and these cells express factors that differentially regulate PITX2 isoform activities. (lu.se)

The model also predicts that reprogramming the network from a differentiated state, in particular the endoderm state, into a stem cell state, is best achieved by over-expressing Nanog, rather than by suppression of differentiation genes such as Gata-6. (lu.se)
At the core of the network reside Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog, into embryonic stem cells [1,2,3,4,5], have made major inroads which form a self-organized core of the TFs maintaining into stem cell biology. (lu.se)
A model based which contains the Oct4/Sox2/Nanog core as well its interaction upon regulatory mechanisms inferred from ChIP-on-chip and with a few other key genes. (lu.se)
RNA was reverse-transcribed to obtain the cDNA and then proceeded with PCR using specific primers for the Notch signaling pathway molecules (Notch1, Jagged-1, Jagged-2 and, Hes1) as well as stem cell marker (Nanog). (bvsalud.org)

By contrast, in adult erythroid cells, the ζ-gene is packaged within a small (~10 kb) sub-domain of hypoacetylated, facultative heterochromatin within the acetylated sub-TAD and that it no longer interacts with its enhancers. (ox.ac.uk)
Enhancers are essential in defining cell fates through the control of cell-type-specific gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)

END-2 cells essentially prevent skeletal muscle differentiation, whereas basic fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor-β, and WEHI-3 cells have no or an attenuating effect, respectively. (uni-luebeck.de)
Surprisingly, PITX2A activation of the ANF and PLOD1 promoters is repressed by co- transfection of Nkx2.5 in the C3H10T1/ 2 embryonic fibroblast cell line. (lu.se)

His main research areas are developmental biology, cell morphogenesis, adult stem cells and cardiac function analysis. (amrita.edu)
I returned full time to Imperial College in 1999 to take up a lectureship in cell biology and tissue engineering and was also actively involved in establishing the Tissue Engineering Centre. (nottingham.ac.uk)
I cover mainly cell biology and physiology. (nottingham.ac.uk)

The transcriptomic hallmarks of rostro-caudal organization recapitulated gene expression patterns of the early rostro-caudal neural plate in mouse embryos. (nature.com)

Using the same techniques to prod the two embryonic stem cells lines to differentiate, Sun found that one line had a bias to become neurons that are found in the forebrain. (sciencedaily.com)
Huntington's disease, for example, is a forebrain disease, so the neurons should be differentiated from a cell line that is biased to produce neurons from the forebrain. (sciencedaily.com)
Sun said there are ways to prod an embryonic stem cell line biased to become neurons found in the rear brain to become neurons found in the forebrain. (sciencedaily.com)

PCGF6 thus links sequence specific target recognition by the MAX/MGA complex to PRC1-dependent transcriptional silencing of germ cell-specific genes in pluripotent stem cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Many studies have investigated germ cell-specific gene promoters to understand their regulatory mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)

doi:ten.4049/jimmunol.1302068.NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptExosomes Derived from Burkitt's Lymphoma Cell Lines Induce Proliferation, Differentiation, and Class-Switch Recombination in B CellsCindy Gutzeit, Noemi Nagy, Maurizio Gentile, Katarina Lyberg? (atminhibitor.com)
LMP1 per se mimics CD40 signaling and induces proliferation of B lymphocytes and T cell ndependent class-switch recombination. (atminhibitor.com)
In turn, this led to proliferation, induction of activation-induced cytidine deaminase, and also the production of circle and germline transcripts for IgG1 in B cells. (atminhibitor.com)
Finally, exosomes harboring LMP1 enhanced proliferation and drove B cell differentiation towardCopyright ?2014 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved. (atminhibitor.com)
Transcription Factor CTCFL Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Gastric Cancer via Activating DPPA2. (nih.gov)

Methods for analysis of gene expression: microarray, hybridisation, promoter analyses. (lu.se)

Finally, cell transplantation in a mouse stroke model will be used to study the mechanisms and efficacy of different types of hESC-derived neural cells in neural repair. (ca.gov)
Finally, we also made excellent progress on the procedure of cell transplantation. (ca.gov)
We have found a suitable substrate that can be used to enhance neuronal survival after cell transplantation and we expect to publish a research paper in this new method of cell transplantation. (ca.gov)
This study describes for the first time, a differentiation system that does not require co-culture with animal cells or products, thus allowing the production of pathogen-free RPE cells suitable for transplantation into patients. (news-medical.net)
This could allow us to create cells that are useful for transplantation for a variety of diseases without the problem of immunological rejection," said Noggle in a press briefing. (the-scientist.com)

Their results suggest that stem cell studies may offer insights to disease pathogenesis that animal models cannot provide, the researchers say. (the-scientist.com)
Gene function discoveries provide researchers. (scitizen.com)
6 Jun, 2007 07:00 pm Researchers have reprogrammed skin cells into embryonic stem cells. (scitizen.com)
Before the technique will ever make it to the clinic, however, researchers must find a way to remove genomic material from the egg cell. (the-scientist.com)
For the first time researchers can now compare iPSC differentiation to the same process an egg goes through after the transfer of a somatic cell genome. (the-scientist.com)
MLL1 plays a key role in the uncontrolled explosion of white blood cells that's the hallmark of leukemia, which is why U-M researchers originally developed MM-401 to interfere with it. (sciencedaily.com)

Embryonic stem cells of the inner cell mass are pluripotent, meaning they are able to differentiate to generate primitive ectoderm, which ultimately differentiates during gastrulation into all derivatives of the three primary germ layers: ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm. (wikipedia.org)
SHED was able to differentiate into epithelial like cells when cultured in keratinocyte growth medium (KGM) 2 . (bvsalud.org)

Gene transcription is mainly regulated by transcription factors (TFs) that bind to specific DNA sequences (called motifs) located in the promoter regions of genes [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The experiment, part of a clinical trial by the US biotechnology company Verve Therapeutics, involved injecting a version of the gene-editing tool CRISPR in order to modify a single letter of DNA in the patient's liver cells. (technologyreview.com)

Somatic cell nuclear transfer typically involves the transfer of genomic information from a somatic cell into an unfertilized egg cell whose nucleus has been removed. (the-scientist.com)
Instead of removing the egg genome prior to nuclear transfer, he and his colleagues added the somatic cell nucleus directly to the intact egg. (the-scientist.com)
In the end, the egg cell contained three sets of chromosomes-two from the diploid somatic cell, and one from the haploid egg. (the-scientist.com)
Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)
The nucleus of an adult somatic cell (such as a skin cell) is removed and transferred to an enucleated egg, which is then stimulated with electric current or chemicals to activate cell division. (who.int)
Scientists were initially interested in somatic-cell nuclear transfer as a means of determining whether genes remain functional even after most of them have been switched off as the cells in a developing organism assume their specialized functions as blood cells, muscle cells, and so forth. (who.int)
However, according to the Lyon hypothesis, 1 of the 2 X chromosomes in each female somatic cell is inactivated genetically early in embryonic life (on or about day 16). (msdmanuals.com)

Here, we show that the heterozygous disruption of the Akap10 (D-AKAP2) gene that disrupts the final 51 aa increases the contractile response of cultured cardiac cells to cholinergic signals. (ca.gov)

These cells will be excellent for doing gene expression studies and biochemical and protein analyses. (sciencedaily.com)
When the time was right, Sun's team added protein growth factors into the cell culture that stopped the neural stem cells from self-renewing and prodded them into differentiating into neurons. (sciencedaily.com)
To isolate the cells, Sun and her team added an enzyme that digests a sort of protein matrix that holds cells in culture together. (sciencedaily.com)
EBV infection of B cells in vitro induces the release of exosomes that harbor the viral latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1). (atminhibitor.com)
Western blot analysis and in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of AND-34 RNA and protein in lens epithelial cells, particularly at the lens equator. (molvis.org)
Her rapporterer vi en rekombinationsmedieret kassette udveksling (RMCE) -baseret struktur-funktion tilgang i KO embryonale stamceller, som giver mulighed for den molekylære dissektion af forskellige funktionelle domæner eller varianter af et protein. (jove.com)
In MEF cells with wild type Nrf2 and mouse hepa 1c1c7 cells, Cd increased the Nrf2 protein level but not the Nrf2 mRNA level dose-dependently. (cdc.gov)
This gene provides instructions for making a protein that is responsible for modifying other proteins, including Wnt proteins. (medscape.com)
In Drosophila melanogaster , the PORCN gene is involved in the processing of the wingless protein. (medscape.com)
protein sorting and protein maturation by passage through the cytoplasmic organelles of the cell. (lu.se)

Short-lived proteins control gene expression in cells to carry out a number of vital tasks, from helping the brain form connections to helping the body mount an immune defense. (phys.org)
Transcription factor Nrf2 is a key regulator of genes encoding phase II detoxification enzymes and antioxidant proteins in response to environmental chemical insults. (cdc.gov)
PORCN , a member of the porcupine (PORC) gene family, encodes transmembrane endoplasmic reticulum proteins that target Wnt signaling proteins. (medscape.com)
Drosophila melanogaster porcupine and its mouse homologue PORCN gene encode transmembrane bound endoplasmic reticulum proteins needed for the secretion of Wnt (Wingless and INT-1) proteins. (medscape.com)
Cancer stem cell-associated proteins revealed by proteomics. (medscape.com)

The mouse blastocyst-derived embryonic stem cell (ES cell) line BLC6 efficiently differentiates into myosin heavy chain-, desmin- and myogenin- positive skeletal muscle cells when cultivated in embryo-like aggregates (embryoid bodies). (uni-luebeck.de)
I hypothesize that a CRISPR gene strategy can be developed and optimized in humanized mouse embryonic stem cells that will be able to distinguish between the patient variant and non-variant chromosomes, laying the foundation for correcting aniridic congenital blindness in humans. (ubc.ca)
Here we test this model by evaluating the impact of MLL3/4 loss on chromatin and transcription during early differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
During a recent work, where a knockin SCA28 mouse was prepared, we developed two assays based on Real-Time PCR using both SYBR Green and specific minor groove binder (MGB) probes to evaluate the copies of NEO using the comparative delta-delta Ct method versus the Rpp30 reference gene. (biomedcentral.com)
A large-scale, gene-driven mutagenesis approach for the functional analysis of the mouse genome. (nih.gov)
In a surprising new finding, scientists have shown that mouse stem cells treated with the drug reverted to an 'embryonic' state. (sciencedaily.com)

Cell-cell communication network analysis demonstrated that trophoblast-like tissues supplied WNT signaling in neural crest cells to facilitate maturation and migration. (newswise.com)
Fig. 3: Single-cell transcriptomics of dorsal and ventral MiSTR tissues. (nature.com)
Additionally, we sought to identify hEB markers that could be used to determine the presence of differentiated cells in specific tissues, allowing for the purification of homogeneous cell populations or serving as indicators of hESC differentiation. (molcells.org)
Cells Tissues Organs (2011) 193 (4): 239-252. (karger.com)
Histopathological analyses of these placental tissues revealed perivillous fibrinoid deposition, focal coarse calcifications, and moderate increase of Hofbauer cells. (cdc.gov)
Tissues in which cells select for the defective PORCN gene show anomalies. (medscape.com)
According to the cancer stem cell (CSC) concept, the cellular hierarchy in normal tissues is preserved in a number of hematological and solid malignancies. (medscape.com)

The ζ-gene can be partially re-activated by acetylation and inhibition of histone de-acetylases. (ox.ac.uk)

Single-cell resolution spatial transcriptomics defined the yolk sac erythro-megakaryopoietic niche. (newswise.com)
Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals that Differentiation and Spatial Signatures Shape Epidermal and Hair Follicle Heterogeneity. (crossref.org)
Single-cell transcriptomics revealed that rostro-caudal organization was already established at 24 h of differentiation, and that the first markers of a neural-specific transcription program emerged in the rostral cells at 48 h. (nature.com)
Fig. 4: Single-cell transcriptomics of early MiSTR patterning and temporal dissection of MiSTR regionalization. (nature.com)
This is the first application of transcriptomics to assess ES cell derivatives and their in vivo counterparts -- a 'differentiomics' outlook. (news-medical.net)

Normal multipotent tissue stem cells (SCs) are the driving force behind tissue turnover and repair. (medscape.com)

Within this study, we investigated the functional effect of exosomes derived from the DG75 Burkitt's lymphoma cell line and its sublines (LMP1 transfected and EBV infected), together with the hypothesis that they could possibly mimic exosomes released in the course of EBV-associated illnesses. (atminhibitor.com)
The myocytes also express functional nicotinic cholinoceptors and exhibit T-type Ca 2+ currents and later L-type Ca 2+ currents, demonstrating physiological properties of skeletal muscle cells. (uni-luebeck.de)
The study of promoter interactions in other hESC-derived cell types may be of utility in functional investigation of GWAS-associated regions. (manchester.ac.uk)
The result is functional mosaicism of cells. (medscape.com)

Stochastic models of gene transcription with upstream drives: exact solution and sample path characterization. (crossref.org)
Prior to the PhD he also worked in the laboratory of Dr. Maneesha Inamdar, JNCASR, India, where he worked on the characterization of pericardial cells in Drosophila Melanogaster. (amrita.edu)

By comparing their expression patterns, we determined novel hESC-specific genes and transcriptomes that could serve as reliable hESC markers associated with the "stemness" phenotype. (molcells.org)
Finally, by utilizing gene expression data, we observed that a large fraction of genes reported as having subtype-specific expression patterns might be regulated through methylation. (lu.se)

Furthermore, small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown demonstrated that POU5F3 , SOX2 , and CEBP played a role in cell type-specific transcription of cNANOG . (biomedcentral.com)

The severity of defects in focal dermal hypoplasia is variable, and this variability is due to random X-chromosome inactivation (lyonization) within cells. (medscape.com)
XIST is the gene responsible for inactivating the genes of the X chromosome, producing RNA that triggers inactivation. (msdmanuals.com)

Adult Stem Cells: The New Plastic Surgery? (scitizen.com)
27 Jun, 2008 05:23 pm A new article in Live Science predicts that adult stem cells may replace silicone breast implants and other contemporary plastic surgery techniques. (scitizen.com)

My research interests focus mainly on stem cells (embryonic, 'adult' and fetal origins) and their applications in tissue engineering, particularly the osteoblast and bone tissue. (nottingham.ac.uk)

We reported here that Cd induces cytoprotective genes NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase I (Nq01) and heme oxygenase I (Ho-1) via the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway. (cdc.gov)

Se caracterizan por poseer un dominio de unión al ADN emparejado altamente conservado que se identificó por vez primera en genes de segmentación de DROSOPHILA. (bvsalud.org)
They are characterized by a highly conserved paired DNA-binding domain that was first identified in DROSOPHILA segmentation genes. (bvsalud.org)

Pluripotent stem cells have shown promise in treating a number of varying conditions, including but not limited to: spinal cord injuries, age related macular degeneration, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders (such as Parkinson's disease), AIDS, etc. (wikipedia.org)

We portrayed the Notch system in embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) differentiating under the standard protocols used to assess yolk sac (YS) hematopoiesis in vitro. (karger.com)

Anatomy50

Organisms29

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs61

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment35

Phenomena and Processes78

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Pluripotent cells3

Regulation18

ESCs13

Pluripotency17

Differentiation of human1

Therapeutic10

Human54

Self-renewal5

Early embryonic1

HESCs1

Lineage3

Development26

Regenerative medicine5

Progenitor3

Genetic12

Abnormalities4

Mutations4

Proliferative1

Molecular6

Lineages3

Target genes1

Regulate4

Nanog4

Enhancers2

Fibroblast2

Biology3

Recapitulated gene expression1

Forebrain3

Germ cell-specific2

Proliferation5

Microarray1

Transplantation5

Researchers6

Differentiate2

Promoter Regions1

Biotechnology1

Somatic cell7

Cardiac1

Protein10

Proteins5

Mouse6

Tissues7

Acetylation1

Transcriptomics5

Multipotent1

Functional4

Characterization2

Expression patterns2

SOX21

Chromosome2

Adult stem2

Fetal1

Induces1

Drosophila2

Spinal cord1

Embryoid1