Elevated plasma total homocysteine concentration. Medical search. Frequent questions

Smoking also causes hyperhomocysteinemia Homocysteine is a non-protein amino acid, synthesized from methionine and either recycled back into methionine or converted into cysteine with the aid of the B-group vitamins. (wikipedia.org)
About 50% of homocysteine[citation needed] is converted back to methionine by remethylation via the methionine synthase major pathway. (wikipedia.org)
Another pathway for the conversion of homocysteine back to methionine also exists, involving methylation with trimethylglycine (also called betaine or abbreviated to TMG) as a methyl donor. (wikipedia.org)
100 nmol/mL If total homocysteine concentration is not found to be elevated, but clinical suspicion is still high, an oral methionine loading challenge several hours prior to quantification of homocysteine concentration may be used to increased sensitivity for marginal abnormalities of homocysteine metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
One of the most important folate-dependent reactions is the conversion of homocysteine to methionine in the synthesis of S-adenosyl-methionine, an important methyl donor. (nih.gov)
Plasma homocysteine concentration is a commonly used functional indicator of folate status because homocysteine levels rise when the body cannot convert homocysteine to methionine due to a 5-MTHF deficiency [ 9 ]. (nih.gov)
B vitamins control homocysteine levels by stimulating the conversion of homocysteine to methionine. (fatsoflife.com)
When it is used to treat homocystinuria due to cystathione beta-synthase deficiency, elevated plasma methionine concentrations can occur, which might lead to cerebral edema. (healthmasters.com.au)
u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeurologic\/CNS\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen used orally to treat homocystinuria due to cystathione beta-synthase deficiency, elevated plasma methionine concentrations can occur following use of betaine anhydrous, which might lead to cerebral edema. (healthmasters.com.au)
Homocysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid normally produced by demethylation of methionine, is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease [4]. (demacvn.com)
Methionine synthase catalyzes the conversion of homocysteine to the essential amino acid methionine [ 1 , 2 ]. (nih.gov)
Homocysteine play an important role in many metabolic pathways, mainly the methionine cycle to the folate cycle (see image below). (medscape.com)
Folates also play a major role in the regeneration of methionine from homocysteine. (synnovis.co.uk)
Following synthesis, 5MTHF supplies methyl groups for the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine, hence deficiency of 5MTHF will result in an elevated level of homocysteine, which has been considered to be a cardiovascular risk factor. (synnovis.co.uk)
Like folate (vitamin B9), cobalamin (vitamin B12) and choline, betaine has a specific role in the existing methyl transferation pathways to remethylate homocysteine into methionine. (orffa.com)
As a methyl donor, choline provides active methyl groups for the remethylation of homocysteine into methionine. (orffa.com)

Methylmalonic acid may be elevated due to inborn errors of metabolism. (cdc.gov)
u003c\/strong\u003e Betaine anhydrous reduces plasma homocysteine levels by 20% to 30% in several types of homocystinuria, including cystathione beta-synthase deficiency, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency, and cobalamin cofactor metabolism defect. (healthmasters.com.au)
T polymorphism is a genetic alteration in an enzyme involved in folate metabolism that causes elevated homocysteine concentrations, but its relevance to risk of CHD is uncertain. (ckbiobank.org)
These results support the hypothesis that impaired folate metabolism, resulting in high homocysteine levels, is causally related to increased risk of CHD. (ckbiobank.org)
The mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia in CKD are unclear and may include reduced renal metabolism of homocysteine. (demacvn.com)
Elevated levels of homocysteine, caused by a faulty breakdown in protein metabolism, can cause kidney and heart damage. (natmedtalk.com)
We give a mechanistic understanding of observed concentration differences in one-carbon metabolism and explain why women have lower S-andenosylmethionine, lower homocysteine, and higher choline and betaine. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore it possible, that subjects homozygous for MTHFR could have a normal total folate but their synthesis of 5MTHF may not be sufficient to meet metabolic demands of homocysteine metabolism. (synnovis.co.uk)

Serum folate, vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid and plasma homocysteine were determined. (degruyter.com)
Methylmalonic acid (MMA) is extracted from plasma along with an added internal standard using an anion exchange resin. (cdc.gov)
Increased concentrations of methylmalonic acid in plasma or serum and excessive urinary excretion of MMA are believed to be direct measures of tissue stores of cobalamin (vitamin B12) and to be the first indication of cobalamin deficiency. (cdc.gov)
The range of methylmalonic acid in plasma from "healthy adults" is 0.05 to 0.26 umol/L. (cdc.gov)
In most cases, vitamin B-12 deficiency is associated with an elevation in plasma homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels, whereas folate deficiency is associated with elevated homocysteine levels only. (medscape.com)

The most commonly used cutoff value for elevated homocysteine levels is 16 micromol/L, although slightly lower values of 12 to 14 micromol/L have also been used [ 2 ]. (nih.gov)
A homocysteine cutoff of 10 micromol/L has been proposed for assessing folate status in populations [ 3 ]. (nih.gov)
a serum homocysteine level higher than 15 micromol/L, for example, suggests vitamin B12 deficiency [ 11 ]. (nih.gov)

The concentration of MMA in plasma or serum was found to be a useful indicator of cobalamin deficiency, especially in patients with few or no hematological abnormalities, normal results for the Schilling test, or normal or only slightly depressed serum cobalamin concentrations. (cdc.gov)
Manifestations of folate deficiency thereafter, not surprisingly, would involve impairment of cell division, accumulation of possibly toxic metabolites such as homocysteine, and impairment of methylation reactions involved in the regulation of gene expression, thus increasing neoplastic risks. (medscape.com)
The cutoff between normal vitamin B12 levels and deficiency varies by method and laboratory, but most laboratories define subnormal serum or plasma values as those lower than 200 or 250 pg/mL (148 or 185 pmol/L) [ 2 ]. (nih.gov)
Plasma homocysteine levels are elevated in vitamin B-12 deficiency, vitamin B-6 deficiency and in folic acid deficiency. (medscape.com)
Plasma homocysteine levels are usually severely elevated in homozygous cystathionine-β synthase deficiency and moderately elevated in heterozygous cystathionine-β synthase deficiency. (medscape.com)
Research has also shown that deficiency of 5MTHF in red blood cells (RBC) was associated with severity of coronary artery disease and thromboembolism independently of other cardiovascular risk factors or homocysteine. (synnovis.co.uk)
MTHFR may cause folate deficiency and elevated homocysteine, neither are good for pregnancy. (leonieclaire.com)
The latest diagnostic techniques used to identify a deficiency in MTHFR begin with a simple test of homocysteine concentrations in plasma from either whole blood samples or "total homocysteine measurement in cell free amniotic fluid is also possible," (Fowler, B. (leonieclaire.com)
This functional deficiency is not detected in a conventional serum B12 test, but will produce elevated methylmalonate in a urine organic acids test. (phoenixrising.me)

1998). Therefore, to further help lower homocysteine levels, dialysis patients often require high levels of nutrients, including folic acid, vitamin B12, TMG (also known as betaine or trimethylglycine), and vitamin B6 (Bostom et al. (natmedtalk.com)

Furthermore, we showed that homocysteine, a molecular reported to affect neural crest migration [ 19 ], was elevated after alcohol exposure and 5-mehtyltetrahydrofolate (5MTHF) ameliorated endogenous homocysteine levels induced by alcohol exposure and dramatically rescued the impaired neural crest migration. (biomedcentral.com)
Certain types of cancers and Alzheimer's disease have also been linked to reduced folate status.The predominant form of the vitamin in plasma and red cells is 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5MTHF). (synnovis.co.uk)

Daily consumption of folic acid-fortified breakfast cereals and the use of folic acid supplements appear to be the most effective means of reducing tHcy concentrations. (unboundmedicine.com)
Hyperhomocysteinemia is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally high level of total homocysteine (that is, including homocystine and homocysteine-cysteine disulfide) in the blood, conventionally described as above 15 μmol/L. As a consequence of the biochemical reactions in which homocysteine is involved, deficiencies of vitamin B6, folic acid (vitamin B9), and vitamin B12 can lead to high homocysteine levels. (wikipedia.org)
Lower plasma folate concentrations were observed in coffee drinkers in a cross-sectional study, but dietary folate or supplemental folic acid were not taken into account [ 23 ]. (cdc.gov)

These include increased release of reactive oxygen species from phagocytes, such as superoxide from peripheral blood neutrophils, oxidized low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), increased lipid hydroperoxides and malondialdehyde, and decreased plasma antioxidant capacity [ 4 - 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Betaine anhydrous might have adverse effects on the plasma lipid profile. (healthmasters.com.au)
u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCardiovascular\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBetaine anhydrous might have adverse effects on the plasma lipid profile. (healthmasters.com.au)
Short-term effects of anti-TNF on plasma lipid concentrations seemed beneficial and anti-atherogenic. (bmj.com)
1 Among the traditional cardiovascular risk factors, the lipid profile in RA has often been described as "pro-atherogenic", 2 based on decreased HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and increased LDL:HDL-C ratio and lipoprotein (a) plasma concentrations in both active and treated RA. (bmj.com)

Vitamin B12 was significantly decreased in patients with recurrent abortion compared to controls (mean concentrations 197 vs. 300 pg/mL, p=0.004). (degruyter.com)
Homocysteine levels, however, are not a highly specific indicator of folate status because they can be influenced by other factors, including kidney dysfunction and deficiencies of vitamin B12 and other micronutrients [ 1 , 3 , 9 , 10 ]. (nih.gov)
To evaluate levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy), folate and vitamin B12 in hemodialysis (HD) patients. (demacvn.com)
112 HD patients in the study group and 56 healthy individuals in the control group had measurement of plasma Hcy, folate and vitamin B12 levels by microparticle chemiluminescent immunoassay in the Department of Biochemistry, 103 Military Hospital. (demacvn.com)
HD patients had a higher level of plasma Hcy than healthy people while folate and vitamin B12 levels not different from those of normal ones. (demacvn.com)
Patients were asked to provisionally stop using folate and vitamin B12-containing drugs at least one day before taking plasma homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 tests. (demacvn.com)
Plasma Hcy, folate and vitamin B12 levels were measured by microparticle chemiluminescent immunoassay in the Department of Biochemistry, 103 Military Hospital. (demacvn.com)
Vitamin B12 status is typically assessed by measurements of serum or plasma vitamin B12 levels. (nih.gov)
In total, 88 adults were randomised to a salmon fish protein supplement or placebo, and 74 participants were included in the analysis of vitamin D, omega-3, vitamin B12, selenium, folate, zinc, homocysteine and mercury. (springer.com)
During the intervention period, geometric mean (GSD) of serum vitamin B12 concentrations increased from 304 (1.40) to 359 (1.42) pmol/L in the fish protein group ( P vs. controls = 0.004) and mean (SD) serum selenium increased from 1.18 (0.22) to 1.30 (0.20) μmol/L ( P vs. controls = 0.002). (springer.com)
Including a salmon fish protein supplement in the daily diet for 8 weeks, increases serum vitamin B12 and selenium concentrations. (springer.com)

METHODS: In 97 patients with AD, 73 pathologically-confirmed, we analysed the decline of global cognitive test scores (CAMCOG) over time from the first assessment for at least three 6-monthly visits up to a maximum of 9.5 years (in total 689 assessments). (ox.ac.uk)

Elevated levels of homocysteine are commonly seen in renal patients, sometimes three or four times higher than normal levels (van Guldener et al. (natmedtalk.com)
Higher plasma levels of betaine are advantageous, as it will increase the tolerance of cells to unfavourable conditions (e.g. in cases of renal failure). (orffa.com)

In proteins, homocysteine permanently degrades cysteine disulfide bridges and lysine amino acid residues, affecting structure and function. (wikipedia.org)
We have shown that these long-range regulatory mechanisms are extremely important for stabilizing important concentrations and reactions (like DNA methylation and cell replication) against large changes in amino acid inputs due to meals and the environmental availability of B-vitamins [ 11 - 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The interaction between copper and homocysteine generates free radicals and, consequently, leads to oxidized low-density lipoprotein. (adjustedlifestylesf.com)
One hundred thirty-two adult heavy smokers completed a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial designed to investigate the effect of noni juice on serum cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and homocysteine. (hindawi.com)
The fact that cigarette smoke increases total cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as decreases high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), has long been established. (hindawi.com)
In general, overt and subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with hypercholesterolemia mainly due to elevation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration is usually normal or even elevated 3-5 . (hormones.gr)
In hypothyroid patients, despite the reduced activity of HMG-CoA reductase, there is often an increase in the serum total cholesterol concentration, mainly due to raised levels of serum LDL cholesterol and intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) cholesterol 4,12 . (hormones.gr)
Studies have reported a 3% to 4% increase in total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels with betaine anhydrous 6 grams daily. (healthmasters.com.au)
In this study we report on the effect of this intervention with and without fiber supplementation on plasma homocysteine, lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). (biomedcentral.com)
Elevated plasma levels of the cholesteryl-ester rich lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] increase the risk for development of cardiovascular disease through both proatherogenic and prothrombotic properties [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

People who are homozygous for the mutant gene (TT) have homocysteine concentrations about 25% higher than people who are homozygous for the normal gene (CC) or heterozygous (CT), however the increase in homocysteine will also depend on environmental factors such as diet. (synnovis.co.uk)

Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that supplementation with B vitamins, including vitamin B 6 , could effectively reduce homocysteine levels. (oregonstate.edu)
We give a new explanation of the well known phenomenon that folate supplementation lowers homocysteine and we show how to use the model to investigate the effects of vitamin deficiencies, gene polymorphisms, and nutrient input changes. (biomedcentral.com)

Lower concentration of uric acid, high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP) and triacylglycerol [8,9] 8. (slideshare.net)
In an elderly population with cognitive impairment, we investigated the association between serum uric acid (sUA) and serum homocysteine (sHcy), known risk factors for cerebrovascular disease. (mdpi.com)
There was no effect on plasma lipids or uric acid, but there was a lower glucose and insulin peak concentration after consumption of the FVPD compared with the sugar-matched control. (cambridge.org)

This study determined the distribution of homocysteine (Hcy) levels in healthy Tunisian subjects and evaluated the relationship between Hcy levels and some cardiovascular risk factors. (who.int)
T genotype, case-control status, and plasma levels of homocysteine, folate, and other cardiovascular risk factors. (ckbiobank.org)

OBJECTIVE: Moderately elevated levels of plasma total homocysteine are associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. (ox.ac.uk)
CONTEXT: In observational studies, individuals with elevated levels of plasma homocysteine tend to have moderately increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). (ckbiobank.org)

A better water balance by organic osmoprotectants, such as betaine, relieves the pressure on the ion pumps and stabilises the electrolyte concentration in and out of the cell. (orffa.com)

Since 2002, studies have linked elevated copper to the increased risk of developing AD. (adjustedlifestylesf.com)
2002). Plasma homocysteine concentrations often decrease after dialysis (Welch et al. (natmedtalk.com)

in plasma, it undergoes oxidization and transforms to disulfides homocystine and cysteine-homocysteine, the measured plasma level reflects these 3 components. (medscape.com)

Diabetic patients have higher plasma copper concentrations. (adjustedlifestylesf.com)
RESULTS: Baseline homocysteine levels showed a concentration-response relationship with the subsequent rate of decline in CAMCOG scores: the higher the homocysteine, the faster the decline. (ox.ac.uk)
A meta-analysis of 54 studies revealed that smokers have about 3% higher serum cholesterol and 9% greater serum triglyceride concentrations than nonsmokers. (hindawi.com)
Of interest, the VITACOG trial revealed that the efficacy of the B vitamins in lowering cognitive decline was better in people with higher levels of homocysteine . (fatsoflife.com)
A reduction in PLP availability appears to primarily affect kynureninase activity, limiting NAD production and leading to higher concentrations of kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine, and xanthurenic acid in blood and urine ( Figure 2 ) (9) . (oregonstate.edu)
Significantly higher mean plasma homocysteine was found in AD patients, but not in depressive patients, when compared with controls. (nel.edu)

Results Compared to the placebo treatment, serum folate increased 5-fold and plasma total homocysteine concentrations decreased by ~25% after 3 years. (drjohnlapuma.com)

Elevated copper may be linked to atherosclerosis. (adjustedlifestylesf.com)
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a plasma marker of inflammation that, when elevated, has been found to be a risk factor for atherosclerosis. (lifeextension.com)
Scientists concluded that increased atherosclerosis will lead to increase in serum total cholesterol (TC) which might cause the increase in CAD in the Asian countries (6). (ac.ir)

Oxidative stress induced by homocysteine may also play a role in schizophrenia. (wikipedia.org)
Elevated copper can interact with glycated proteins in the formation of free radicals and increase oxidative stress. (adjustedlifestylesf.com)
Additionally, several markers of oxidative stress are elevated in cigarette smokers. (hindawi.com)
Oxidative stress, as measured by serum malondialdehyde concentration, is positively correlated to elevated triglyceride and cholesterol levels in smokers [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)

During therapy, the changes in disease activity and inflammatory status were inversely correlated with changes in plasma total and HDL cholesterol levels and positively correlated with the variation of atherogenic index. (bmj.com)

Increased intakes of folate-rich foods resulted in a 418-microg increase in dietary folate, a 7-nmol/L increase in serum folate, and a 9% reduction in tHcy concentrations. (unboundmedicine.com)

A blood test can be performed to quantify total homocysteine concentration in the plasma, of which approximately 80% is generally protein-bound. (wikipedia.org)
Population-based studies have also revealed that markers of systemic inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), are also elevated in smokers as well as those exposed to second-hand smoke [ 13 , 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
The main aim of the present study was to examine the effect of a fish protein supplement made from by-products from production of Atlantic salmon, on blood concentration of micronutrients. (springer.com)

MTHFR polymorphisms and serum cobalamin affect plasma homocysteine concentrations differentially in females and males. (medscape.com)

Elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations are associated with increased risk of vascular disease, and there is a strong inverse association between dietary and blood folate and blood tHcy concentrations. (unboundmedicine.com)
The objective was to determine the most appropriate means of increasing dietary folate to reduce plasma tHcy. (unboundmedicine.com)
Total homocysteine (tHcy) in plasma is measured by the Abbott Homocysteine assay on the Abbott AxSym analyzer, a fully automated FPIA method. (cdc.gov)

In plasma and urine, they are found as monoglutamates because this is the only form that can be transported across membranes. (medscape.com)
Plasma and urine homocysteine tests are indicated in the screening and diagnosis of different types of homocystinuria. (medscape.com)
The reference range of urine homocysteine (24-hour urine collection) varies with the technique used, from 0-9 µmol/g creatinine. (medscape.com)
Whether elevated plasma and urine homocysteine levels represent a cardiovascular risk factor is debatable. (medscape.com)

Zhang F, Li X, Dong Q, Wang Y, Zhang H. Risk of Acute Cerebral Infarction and Plasma Asymmetrical Dimethylarginine and Homocysteine Levels: A Clinical Correlation Analysis of Chinese Population. (medscape.com)
Positive correlation between age and homocysteine was confirmed. (nel.edu)
We confirmed significant correlation between homocysteine concentration and the degree of cognitive impairment in AD patients. (nel.edu)

DTT reduces homocysteine bound to albumin and to other small molecules, homocysteine, and mixed disulfides, to free thiol. (cdc.gov)

Evidence exists linking elevated homocysteine levels with vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. (wikipedia.org)
Homocysteine as a predictor of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. (ox.ac.uk)
We have tested whether baseline concentrations of homocysteine relate to the subsequent rate of cognitive decline in patients with established Alzheimer's disease (AD). (ox.ac.uk)
Plasma homocysteine in Alzheimer's disease with or without co-morbid depressive symptoms. (nel.edu)
Elevated homocysteine is associated with a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and depressive disorder. (nel.edu)
Kitzlerová E, Fisar Z, Jirák R, Zvĕrová M, Hroudová J, Benaková H, Raboch J. Plasma homocysteine in Alzheimer's disease with or without co-morbid depressive symptoms. (nel.edu)

1-3 There are many factors affecting the risk and prognosis of ICH, and high plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentration, also known as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), is a notable risk factor. (bmj.com)

An increase of 1 mmol/L in total serum copper accounted for 80% of the risk of having AD. (adjustedlifestylesf.com)

citation needed] Deficiencies of vitamins B6, B9 and B12 can lead to high homocysteine levels. (wikipedia.org)
Insufficient vitamin B 12 and folate correlate with plasma homocysteine levels, and supplemental B vitamins and folate can be part of an effective dietary treatment [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, homocysteine lowering by B vitamins has failed to lower the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk individuals. (oregonstate.edu)

There is also evidence that elevated homocysteine levels and low levels of vitamin B6 and B12 are risk factors for mild cognitive impairment and dementia. (wikipedia.org)
Background Observational studies show that low concentrations of folate and elevated concentrations of homocysteine are associated with poor cognitive performance in the general population. (drjohnlapuma.com)
Plasma homocysteine can readily be lowered by B-vitamin treatment and trials should be carried out to see if such treatments can slow the rate of cognitive decline in relatively young patients with Alzheimer disease. (ox.ac.uk)
The association of high homocysteine with degree of cognitive impairment or stage of dementia in AD indicate potential role of high plasma homocysteine as a biomarker of the disease and/or indicator of brain damage during the progression of AD dementia. (nel.edu)

A combination of serum or erythrocyte folate concentration and indicators of metabolic function can also be used to assess folate status. (nih.gov)
In particular, CRD have been repeatedly shown to promote weight loss and improve fasting and postprandial triglycerides, and plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), which indicates that such an approach may be an important treatment option for the dyslipidemia associated with the metabolic syndrome [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
simplified picture, showing Homocysteine involvement in different metabolic pathways as well as the role of vitamin B6, B12 and Folate as a co-factor in this pathways. (medscape.com)
Caption: Homocysteine involvement in different metabolic pathways, as well as the role of vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, and folate as cofactors in these pathways. (medscape.com)

Elevated homocysteine is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease as well as thrombosis. (wikipedia.org)
Homocysteine auto-oxidizes and reacts with reactive oxygen intermediates, damaging endothelial cells and increasing the risk of thrombus formation. (wikipedia.org)
This disrupts the folate pathway and leads to an increase in homocysteine which damages cells (for example, damage to endothelial cells can result in increased risk of thrombosis). (wikipedia.org)
Homocysteine - An elevated concentration of homocysteine is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. (ammoliteprodukties.nl)
Homocysteine is a known risk factor for vascular damage and associated with hypoperfusion of the neocortex and atrophy of the medial temporal lobe in AD patients. (fatsoflife.com)
Though traditional markers of cardiovascular risk are still an integral part of initial cardiovascular risk assessment, several additional risk factors have emerged that provide a more complete picture of total risk status. (biomedcentral.com)
High levels of circulating homocysteine are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease . (oregonstate.edu)
Inadequate vitamin D status has been associated with elevated cardiometabolic disease risk, although results are inconsistent, as evidenced by recent meta-analyses pooling multiple study populations (6-8). (cdc.gov)
Even where diagnosed by history, medical examina- hyper homocysteinaemia is a well estab- tion, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram lished risk factor, we do not know the exact and blood tests, including enzymes (tro- mechanism whereby high homocysteine ponin T and creatine phosphokinase). (who.int)
A reduction in levels of plasma HDL-C is associated with elevated risk of atherosclerotic disease. (ac.ir)
(23,24,25) An elevated plasma homocysteine level in early pregnancy can increase the risk of developing severe pre-eclampsia by almost threefold. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
Homocysteine levels greater than 9 to 11 µmol/L conferred a 4- to 5-fold increased risk of pre-eclampsia compared with lower levels. (contemporaryobgyn.net)

Plasma homocysteine levels can be elevated in vitamin B-12, folate (vitamin B-9), and vitamin B-6 deficiencies. (medscape.com)

The increases in total cholesterol and triglycerides, with the corresponding decreases in HDL, were found to be dose-dependent when the data were analyzed by smoking frequency. (hindawi.com)
This group showed reduction in plasma LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides and elevations in HDL-cholesterol as well as reductions in large and medium VLDL particles and increases in LDL particle size. (biomedcentral.com)
Disease activity (DAS28) and plasma lipoproteins concentrations (total, HDL and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, ApoA, ApoB) were assessed in 55 RA patients and 55 controls. (bmj.com)

Within the plasma, folate is present, mostly in the 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-methyl THFA) form, and is loosely associated with plasma albumin in circulation. (medscape.com)

citation needed] Elevations of homocysteine can also occur in the rare hereditary disease homocystinuria. (wikipedia.org)
Smoking-related elevations in CRP are also accompanied with a rise in serum homocysteine levels [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)

We conclude that one-year therapy with infliximab is likely to lead to a more pro-atherogenic pattern of the plasma lipids concentrations. (bmj.com)

Pirouzpanah S, Taleban FA, Mehdipour P, Atri M, Foroutan-Ghaznavi M. Plasma Total Homocysteine Level in Association With Folate, Pyridoxine, and Cobalamin Status Among Iranian Primary Breast Cancer Patients. (medscape.com)
The level of GSH in the plasma is likely to be more reflective of tissue intracellular glutathione status than the more commonly and more easily measured red blood cell or (essentially equivalent) whole blood glutathione level, which is about three orders of magnitude greater, because red blood cells are normally net producers of glutathione. (phoenixrising.me)
Also, knowledge of the level of the reduced form, as distinguished from total (reduced plus oxidized) glutathione, which is more commonly measured, is more diagnostic of the status of glutathione function. (phoenixrising.me)

Levels of total and LDL cholesterol tend to increase as the thyroid function declines 3 . (hormones.gr)
In kidney disease, homocysteine levels in the blood increase because the kidneys do not properly filter homocysteine. (natmedtalk.com)
Plasma carotenoids were increased ( P =0·001), but the increase in plasma vitamin C was not significant. (cambridge.org)
In the acute intervention study FVPD were found to increase total plasma nitrate and nitrite ( P =0·001) and plasma vitamin C ( P =0·002). (cambridge.org)

Significant accumulation of Homocysteine was caused by alcohol treatment in embryos and 5-mehtyltetrahydrofolate restores neural crest migration and alleviates homocysteine accumulation, resulting in inhibition of the alcohol-induced neurocristopathies. (biomedcentral.com)

Subjects with hyperhomocysteinaemia had significantly elevated total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and apolipoprotein B and lower vitamin B levels compared with subjects with 12 normohomocysteinaemia. (who.int)

On the other hand, hyperthyroidism (both overt and subclinical) is accompanied by a decrease in serum levels of total, LDL and HDL cholesterol 6 . (hormones.gr)

Anatomy1

Organisms1

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs31

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes5

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Health Care8

Methionine16

Metabolism8

Methylmalonic acid5

Micromol3

Deficiency9

Lower homocysteine1

5MTHF2

Folic acid3

Lipid5

Vitamin B1211

Methods1

Renal2

Amino acid2

Lipoprotein8

Homozygous1

Supplementation2

Uric acid3

Cardiovascular risk factors2

Moderately2

Betaine1

20022

Homocystine1

Higher6

Serum folate increased1

Atherosclerosis3

Oxidative4

Inflammatory1

Nmol1

Protein3

MTHFR1

THcy3

Urine4

Correlation3

Disulfides1

Alzheimer's6

Hyperhomocysteinemia1

Mmol1

Vitamins3

Cognitive4

Metabolic4

Risk12

Deficiencies1

Triglycerides3

Albumin1

Elevations2

Lipids1

Level3

Increase4

Significant1

Hyperhomocysteinaemia1

Decrease1