• Complex I functions in electron transfer from NADH to the respiratory chain. (nih.gov)
  • This gene encodes an accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which is the first enzyme in the electron transport chain of mitochondria. (nih.gov)
  • Identification and primary structure of five human NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunits. (nih.gov)
  • cDNA of eight nuclear encoded subunits of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase: human complex I cDNA characterization completed. (nih.gov)
  • PMRS donates electrons to extracellular ascorbate free radical (AFR) derived from intracellular redox molecules like glutathione (GSH), L-ascorbic acid, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), and other reduced equivalents [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Strickland M, Juárez O, Neehaul Y, Cook DA, Barquera B, Hellwig P. (2014) The conformational changes induced by ubiquinone binding in the Na+-pumping NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Na+-NQR) are kinetically controlled by conserved glycines 140 and 141 of the NqrB subunit. (iit.edu)
  • Reyes-Prieto A, Barquera B, Juárez O. (2014) Origin and evolution of the sodium -pumping NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase. (iit.edu)
  • Shea ME, Juárez O, Cho J, Barquera B. (2013) Aspartic acid 397 in subunit B of the Na+-pumping NADH:quinone oxidoreductase from Vibrio cholerae forms part of a sodium-binding site, is involved in cation selectivity, and affects cation-binding site cooperativity. (iit.edu)
  • Neehaul Y, Juárez O, Barquera B, Hellwig P. (2013) IR spectroscopic evidence for a redox -dependent conformational change involving ion binding residue NqrB-D397 in the Na+ pumping NADH:quinone oxidoreductase from Vibrio cholerae. (iit.edu)
  • Juárez O, Barquera B. (2012) Insights into the mechanism of electron transfer and sodium translocation of the Na+-pumping NADH:quinone oxidoreductase. (iit.edu)
  • The complexes studied are Complex I (NADH:Ubiquinone oxidoreductase), Complex II (Succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase), Complex III (Ubiquinol:cytochrome c oxidoreductase), and Complex IV (Cytochrome c oxidase). (cdc.gov)
  • The effect of various electron donors (NADH, succinate and 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decyl- 1,4-benzoquinol ) on ROS production was tested separately in the presence or absence of Cd. (cdc.gov)
  • This protein has NADH dehydrogenase activity and oxidoreductase activity. (nih.gov)
  • It plays an important role in transfering electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. (nih.gov)
  • Generation of superoxide-radical by the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase of heart mitochondria. (scienceopen.com)
  • Reducing equivalents (NADH, FADH 2 ) are generated by reactions catalysed by the PDC and the tricarboxylic acid cycle and donate electrons (e - ) that enter the respiratory chain at NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) or at succinate ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex II). (bmj.com)
  • The high potential chain, consisting of the iron sulfur protein, cyt c1 and cyt c2, transfers the first electron from quinol to an acceptor (cytochrome oxidase). (yeastgenome.org)
  • Herein, transcription profiles were obtained from A. fulgidus during growth with CO and sulfate or thiosulfate, or without an electron acceptor. (hindawi.com)
  • In the absence of electron acceptor, downregulation of F 420 H 2 dependent steps of the acetyl-CoA pathway is linked to transient formate generation. (hindawi.com)
  • Furthermore, A. fulgidus grows as an acetogen with CO in the absence of an external electron acceptor [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Recently, cdhAB-1 was shown to be transcriptionally induced in cultures using thiosulfate as an electron acceptor [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Cyt c554 functions in the latter process by accepting pairs of electrons from HAO and transferring them to a cytochrome acceptor. (rcsb.org)
  • Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. (mcw.edu)
  • The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. (nih.gov)
  • The complete turnover of POx requires a co-substrate (an electron acceptor) such as oxygen thereby producing hydrogen peroxide. (boku.ac.at)
  • An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of DIHYDROOROTATE to orotate with QUINONE as an electron acceptor in the biosynthesis of PYRIMIDINES. (bvsalud.org)
  • The flavin together with the iron-sulfur clusters function to mediate electron transfer from the dicarboxylate binding site on the Fp subunit to the membrane-anchor domain where quinone is reduced to quinol. (lu.se)
  • These include electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), resonance Raman, FTIR, and UV/visible/near-IR absorption and natural and magnetically induced circular dichroism (CD and MCD). (uga.edu)
  • Glutaric acidemia type II: gene structure and mutations of the electron transfer flavoprotein:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF:QO) gene. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The critical role of Arabidopsis electron-transfer flavoprotein: Ubiquinone oxidoreductase during dark-induced starvation. (mpg.de)
  • The Arabidopsis electron-transfer flavoprotein:ubiquinone oxidoreductase is required during normal seed development and germination. (mpg.de)
  • The ETFDH gene provides instructions for making another enzyme called electron transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase in the inner mitochondrial membrane accepts electrons from electron-transfer flavoprotein which is located in the mitochondrial matrix and reduces ubiquinone in the mitochondrial membrane. (thermofisher.com)
  • Deficiency in electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase have been demonstrated in some patients with type II glutaricacidemia. (thermofisher.com)
  • At high concentrations of acetaminophen (2-10 mM), pathologic effects were detected, including loss of lactate dehydrogenase from cells, disruption of cell-cell aggregation, cell death, and distinctive alterations in cell morphology, as demonstrated by light and electron microscopic examination. (duke.edu)
  • Hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO) is an enzyme found in the prokaryotic genus Nitrosomonas. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ETFA and ETFB genes provide instructions for producing two protein segments, or subunits, that come together to make an enzyme called electron transfer flavoprotein. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In photosynthesis, final electron transfer from ferredoxin to NADP+ is accomplished by the flavo enzyme ferredoxin:NADP+ oxidoreductase (FNR). (irb.hr)
  • Through a combination of in vivo and in vitro molecular studies, Jan has characterised enzymes and co-factors of the androgenic pathway, in particular the electron donor P450 oxidoreductase (POR), cytochrome B5 (CYB5A) and the central androgen producing enzyme P450 cytochrome (CYP) 17A1. (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • Succinate:quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) is both a Krebs´ citric acid cycle enzyme and a component (Complex II) of the respiratory chain in aerobic cells. (lu.se)
  • A preliminary test for the enzymatic conversion of D-xylose into xylitol by the intact cells of C. pelliculosa (xylose reductase) coupled with the intact cells of a formate-utilizing methanogen strain HU (hydrogenase and F420-NADP oxidoreductase) was conducted by using H2 as an electron donor of NADP+. (eurekamag.com)
  • We investigated the effects of Cd on the individual complexes of the electron transfer chain (ETC) and on stimulation of reactive oxidative species production in mitochondria. (cdc.gov)
  • The semiubiquinones are not stable and are prone to transfer one electron to molecular oxygen to form superoxide, providing a possible mechanism for Cd-induced generation of ROS in mitochondria. (cdc.gov)
  • The major part of one-electron oxygen reduction during succinate oxidation (approximately 80%) proceeds via Complex I at the expense of its Deltamu(H(+))-dependent reduction (reverse electron transfer). (scienceopen.com)
  • Resolution of multiple heme centers of hydroxylamine oxidoreductase from Nitrosomonas. (wikipedia.org)
  • In N. europaea, ammonia is converted to hydroxylamine, which is then oxidized to nitrite by hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (HAO). (rcsb.org)
  • Key role in aerobic respiration, in which mitochondrial enzymes accept electrons from electron carriers reduced in glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. (yeastgenome.org)
  • This strategy allows us to characterize the behavior of enzymes and understand molecular and subatomic aspects, such as electron movement and conformational changes, and apply these concepts to cell to cell relationships, disease development and drug design. (iit.edu)
  • The buried organic matter (e.g., weathered plant biomass) in these deposits has likely served as a long-lived electron donor fueling sulfate reduction and, directly or indirectly, Fe(III) and U(VI) reduction, thus contributing to the formation of iron sulfide minerals and deposits of poorly soluble U(IV) (e.g. (frontiersin.org)
  • Metronidazole is heterocyclic nitro derivative in which the nitro group of metronidazole is reduced by an electron transport protein such as NADPH in an anaerobic micro-organism [6,7,12,13]. (who.int)
  • Fqo can be hypothesized to be operative during sulfate reduction with CO. The Fqo complex receives electrons from the reduced coenzyme F 420 (F 420 H 2 ), generated from the oxidative acetyl-CoA pathway, and transfers electrons to the membrane-bound respiratory chain by the reduction of menaquinone [ 16 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The low potential chain consists of two cyt b hemes, which serve as a pathway through which electrons are transferred across the coupling membrane. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Finally, we want to demonstrate that the dynamic binding and release of FNR from TROL can control the flow of electrons prior to activation of the pseudo-cyclic electron transfer pathway. (irb.hr)
  • It transfers electron from intracellular substrates to extracellular acceptors for regulation of redox status. (hindawi.com)
  • Plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) is an electron transport chain system ubiquitously present in all cell types that transfers electrons from intracellular substrates to extracellular acceptors maintaining redox homeostasis for a successful cell physiology [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The high activity of POx towards several electron acceptors such as quinones and metal complex ions, which act as mediators that increase the efficiency of electron transfer from the active site of POx to the electrode, is also a contributing factor. (boku.ac.at)
  • Mapping of the NDUFA2, NDUFA6, NDUFA7, NDUFB8, and NDUFS8 electron transport chain genes by intron based radiation hybrid mapping. (nih.gov)
  • Plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) is an electron transport chain system ubiquitously present throughout all cell types. (hindawi.com)
  • Quinol oxidation occurs in a bifurcated reaction, in which one electron is transferred to a high potential chain and the other to a low potential chain. (yeastgenome.org)
  • menaquinone oxidoreductase reaction, as the major mode of energy conservation, rather than formate or H 2 cycling during respiratory growth. (hindawi.com)
  • F 420 oxidoreductase reaction. (hindawi.com)
  • Metronidazole, being electron-affinic, can accept an electron from neutral free radical centres to generate a reactive cation that binds to an anion such as hydroxyl (OH-), causing a permanent lesion. (who.int)
  • We will use elaborate biochemical and biophysical approaches to quantify free radical formation and electron flow and partitioning in various TROL mutants. (irb.hr)
  • Also targeted for study are their associated oxidation reduction reactions, electron transfer pathways, modes of energy conservation and other essential cell functions. (ucla.edu)
  • The pulse of acetogenesis appears to have been collectively catalyzed by a number of different organisms and metabolisms, most prominently pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase. (frontiersin.org)
  • The goal is detailed molecular-level understanding of the mechanism of assembly and/or the role of the metal center(s) in catalysis, regulation or electron transfer. (uga.edu)
  • Shea ME, Mezic KG, Juárez O, Barquera B. (2015) A Mutation in Na+-NQR Uncouples Electron Flow from Na+ Translocation in the Presence of K+. (iit.edu)
  • It is worth mentioning that many of the electron-affinic radiosensitizers of hypoxic cells also have the property of preferential or selective toxicity directed against hypoxic cells even in the absence of radiation [1,2]. (who.int)
  • Results from kinetic studies and electron turnover experiments suggest that Cd may bind between semiubiquinoe and cytochrome b566 of the Qo site of cytochrome b of complex III. (cdc.gov)
  • The radiosensitizing property of metro- tions in vitro (in the absence of ionizing nidazole may be related to its electron af- radiation). (who.int)
  • quinone oxidoreductase complex (Fqo) is crucial in energy conservation in A. fulgidus during growth with lactate [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • At the cellular level, we have limited understanding of central metabolic pathways, electron transfer reactions and physiological interactions that occur among syntrophic partners. (ucla.edu)