Electron donor and acceptor electron transport. Medical search. Frequent questions

In the active layer of a polymer solar cell, you have the polymer donor - which absorbs sunlight and generates electron-hole pairs - and the fullerene acceptor, which transports electrons to electrodes. (ansto.gov.au)
An organic solar cell is lightweight, flexible and can be produced at low cost with high-performance polymeric donors, fullerene, and non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) through low-temperature solution processes on a transparent conductor, such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). (sigmaaldrich.com)
Systematic variations in the number of the thienyl units, the choice of branched or straight alkyl side chains and the use of a processing additive demonstrate their use as electron donors in bulk heterojunction solar cells blended with fullerene acceptors. (edu.sa)
70]PCBM and PCDTBT can be used as an acceptor and donor based fullerene derivative, which can be used in the fabrication of organic photovoltaics. (nanowerk.com)

Using time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in conjunction with optical excitation we study charge separation in conjugated polymers blended with [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). (uni-potsdam.de)
We have employed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to study free radical formation and electron partitioning in TROL-depleted chloroplasts. (nature.com)

By using cationic photoredox catalysts as an electron-accepting dopant, stable charge-separated states are generated by the hole-diffusion process, as opposed to previous OLPL systems that depend on electron diffusion. (researchsquare.com)

But, the final electron acceptor is an inorganic molecule Simplified pathway by which the mitochondrial electron transport chain enables the use of triplet molecular oxygen as the final electron acceptor. (web.app)
The mitochondrial electron transport chain creates an electrochemical gradient through a series of redox reactions. (xpressbioeurope.com)

In photosynthesis, final electron transfer from ferredoxin to NADP + is accomplished by the flavo enzyme ferredoxin:NADP + oxidoreductase (FNR). (nature.com)
Spectral decomposition is used together with anisotropy to obtain the relative orientation of flavin and the final electron donor. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Oxygen accepts the electrons after they have passed through the electron transport chain and 25 Jan 2021 It can have several final electron acceptors, such Yahoo ist Teil von Verizon Media. (web.app)
Aerobe which uses oxygen and the final electron acceptor is oxygen. (web.app)
These electron These final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration five leaders are Final Electron Acceptor In Aerobic Respiration diy meal replacement arranged according to their strengths: the long-haired girl Zhizhi, the left pirate metobolic typing diet general Simplin, Right pirate Gusta, Lehan and Space Rat Stefan. (web.app)
Anaerobic Respiration This is the process of breaking down glucose, without oxygen being the final electron acceptor. (web.app)
Instead of oxygen, other molecules are used as the final electron acceptor. (web.app)
in anaerobic In aerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor (i.e., the one having the most positive redox potential) at the end of Respiration of glucose occurs in 3 stages: Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and the In anaerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor is an inorganic molecule. (web.app)
In aerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor (i.e., the one having the most positive redox potential) at the end of the ETC is an oxygen molecule (O 2) that becomes reduced to water (H 2 O) by the final ETC carrier. (web.app)
In aerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor is an oxygen molecule, O2. (web.app)
2 -. 7 Oct 2016 Explanation: The electron transport chain on the inner mitochondrial membrane transports electrons from N Oxygen is an essential component for aerobic respiration because it is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. (web.app)

ETC) A series of biochemical reactions that couple a chemical reaction between an electron donor and an electron acceptor to the transfer of protons across a membrane. (citizendium.org)
I will discuss correlated transport of electrons and protons in cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal enzyme in the respiratory electron transport chain of aerobic organisms. (aps.org)
Some protein complexes use electron transport chains to transfer H + ions (protons) across a membrane. (ishinobu.com)

Fd acts simultaneously as a bottleneck and as a hub which distributes high-energy electrons to a multitude of enzymes, which include nitrite reductase, sulphite reductase, fatty acid desaturase, glutamine-2-oxoglutarate amino transferase (GOGAT), redox complexes such as cytochrome b 6 /f for cyclic electron transport (CET) and thioredoxins 2 . (nature.com)
In living systems, a small class of compounds functions as mobile electron carriers, molecules that bind to and shuttle high-energy electrons between compounds in pathways. (xpressbioeurope.com)

It is an electron acceptor, thereby reducing electrons from other molecules. (medicinalherbals.net)
The reported OLPL systems can be considered as an n-type OLPL system because the donor concentration is low and only electrons can diffuse through acceptor molecules (Fig. 1 a). (researchsquare.com)

A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. (cathdb.info)
An electron transport chain comprises electron transfer between a series of electron donors and acceptors. (ishinobu.com)

An organotroph organism obtains hydrogen or electrons from organic substrates. (imedpub.com)
Show less Show more Apr 19, 2020 Oxygen acts as the final hydrogen acceptor in electron transport chain of mitochondria. (web.app)
Hydrogen (H), with an oxidation state of +1, is the strongest reductant, as it freely gives its sole electron for chemical reactions. (ishinobu.com)

A major protein in this process is cytochrome c, component of the electron transport chain on the external face of the inner mitochondrial membrane. (xpressbioeurope.com)

In the absence of an exogenous electron donor, transformation of tetrachloromethane is supported by endogenous substrates. (readabstracts.com)

Cobaltocenium is a suitable electron acceptor, which is a powerful reductant after reduction to cobaltocene. (uni-mainz.de)
An electron transport model developed on the basis of reduction rate explains the inhibition patterns. (readabstracts.com)
It catalyzes reduction-oxidation (or redox) reactions, or cellular activities that transfer electrons between chemical species, examples of which include photosynthesis, corrosion, combustion, and respiration. (medicinalherbals.net)
It is widely accepted that in conditions leading to over-reduction, pseudo-cyclic electron transfer enables electrons to flow from water to PSI, with molecular oxygen as alternative electron acceptor 5 . (nature.com)
The energy released from the breakdown of the chemical bonds within nutrients can be stored either through the reduction of electron carriers or in the bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). (xpressbioeurope.com)
Reduction is a gain of electrons, or a decrease in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion. (ishinobu.com)
Reduction potential is the tendency of a chemical species to acquire electrons, and thereby be reduced. (ishinobu.com)
To summarize, redox is a change during a reaction that involves loss or gain of electrons, with reduction a gain and oxidation a loss. (ishinobu.com)

For an electron transport chain to function - allowing electrons to pass through - an exogenous electron acceptor must be present at the end of the chain. (ishinobu.com)

Structural analysis suggests that a set of histidines surrounding the terminal tryptophan may act as proton acceptor and thereby stabilize the radical pair on a 100 ps timescale. (uni-bielefeld.de)
The While aerobic organisms during respiration use oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor, anaerobic organisms use other electron acceptors. (web.app)
Along the inner See full Like fermentation, respiration is a process by which electrons are passed from an electron donor to a terminal electron acceptor. (web.app)

Organic hole-transport materials (HTMs) have enabled high-performance perovskite solar cells as an alternative, more efficient method for harvesting solar energy. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Recent studies of protein electron transfer indicate when and why electron tunneling kinetics is sensitive to the structure of the protein's tunneling pathways. (aps.org)
The question remains how is the partitioning of electrons between the various energy-conserving and -dissipating pathways achieved. (nature.com)

In these inorganic LPL materials, holes or electrons generated by the photoexcitation of the metal-oxide-crystal are accumulated in dopants that act as charge trap sites. (researchsquare.com)
Apart from the efflux of proton in symport with phosphate via the inorganic phosphate transport system, translocation of proton via the activity of fumarate reductase contributed to the generation of PMF, which agreed with the fact that PHV was a major component of PHA when lactate and succinate were used as carbon sources, involving the succinate-propionate pathway. (bvsalud.org)

Examination of the influence of various electron acceptors on reductive dehalogenation of tetrachloromethane by Shewanella putrefaciens 200 reveals that O2, NO(Sub 3)(super -) and NO(sub 2)(super -) inhibit the dehalogenation, while Fe(III), fumarate and trimethylamine oxide do not inhibit the dehalogenation. (readabstracts.com)
In vascular plants, photosynthetic electron transport (PET) chain produces reductive power that is utilised by diverse acceptors involved in both chloroplast and cellular metabolism 1 . (nature.com)

Magnesium is a modulator of oxidative phosphorylation, during which electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors (such as oxygen in redox reactions), using magnesium as a cofactor. (hippocrates.com.au)
This process takes place through cellular respiration, first through glycolysis, and if oxygen is present through Krebs cycle then through the electron transport chain in mitochondria. (imedpub.com)
As a result, more oxygen is transported to the muscle cells to produce energy and other metabolic waste by-products are removed from the working muscles more rapidly. (bigskymultisportcoaching.com)
Understanding the regulatory principles of Escherichia coli's electron transport chain (ETC) for varying oxygen conditions in glucose-limited continuous cultures (especially regulatory loops via the transcription factors FNR and ArcA). (fairdomhub.org)
The majority of the cellular energy (ATP) in eukaryotic cells is generated in the mitochondria through oxidative phosphorylation, during which electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen. (xpressbioeurope.com)
Treat with high concentrations of humidified oxygen en route to the hospital. (medscape.com)

These redox reactions, called electron transport chains, form a series of protein complexes within the cell's mitochondria that release energy or ATP. (hippocrates.com.au)
In 1985 our laboratory initiated an investigation of the electrochemical reactions of molecular electron donoracceptor species dissolved in solid and semi-solid solvents. (dtic.mil)
These reactions are all contingent on a cell's ability to accept and transfer electrons. (medicinalherbals.net)
Reactions in which electrons tunnel long distances from donors (D) to acceptors (A) pervade solid-state physics, chemistry and biology. (aps.org)
Theoretical and computational techniques are used to elucidate the physical and chemical factors that control the kinetics of homogeneous and interfacial electron-transfer (ET) reactions. (aps.org)
Electron transfer is the elemental transaction in chemical reactions. (ishinobu.com)
Electron transport chains are formed by protein complexes embedded in a membrane that act concertedly during a sequence of redox reactions. (ishinobu.com)

Bioremediation and biostimulation usually require achieving proper biogeochemical conditions via the supply of appropriate electron donors/acceptors, redox potential manipulation, and bioaugmentation if the required organism is not present. (nih.gov)
The change for different biological variables, in different areas of the organism like the electron transport chain, the TCA cycle or globally is investigated by wildtype and mutants experiments applying versatile measurement methods. (fairdomhub.org)
Metabolism is sometimes defined more expansively, for an organism rather than at the cellular level, thus including digestion and the transport of substances between cells. (ishinobu.com)

Organometallic „Sandwich" complexes, like ferrocene and cobaltocenium, are competent to reversibly accept and donate electrons. (uni-mainz.de)

Conversely, a complex is oxidized when it gives up electrons. (ishinobu.com)

If a completed circuit is connected to the electrodes, the free electron will travel through the circuit, creating electric current and voltage, until it recombines with an electron-hole back in the p-type material. (sigmaaldrich.com)

In the case of DNA electron transport, a critical role is found for structural fluctuations and transport mediated by carrier injection to intervening bases, even at very short distances. (aps.org)

This Communication describes the mechanism of charge transport across self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of two donor−acceptor systems consisting of a polychlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) electron-acceptor moiety linked to an electron-donor ferrocene (Fc) unit supported by ultraflat template-stripped Au and contacted by a eutectic alloy of gallium and indium top contacts. (icmab.es)

Natural processes like photosynthesis, energy storage, energy transformation and energy transport are very efficient. (uni-mainz.de)
NMR, IR und UV/vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, spectroelectrochemistry, transient-absorption spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction were used to understand the principle electron transfer processes of this donor acceptor peptide. (uni-mainz.de)
This term is mostly used in microbiology to classify and describe organisms based on how they obtain electrons for their respiration processes. (imedpub.com)
Life-and-death decisions made on a molecular level hinge on an optimal balance of NAD(+/H) and its ability to transfer electrons in redox processes. (medicinalherbals.net)
Though they emerge from the same coenzyme, they have two opposing mechanisms, both of which involve catabolic electron transfer processes. (medicinalherbals.net)

NAD+/NADH is the most common mobile electron carrier used in catabolism. (xpressbioeurope.com)

Computer simulations and theoretical modeling point to a possible mechanism of this biological molecular machine in which electron transport is coupled to proton translocation. (aps.org)

Protein metabolism is the breakdown of proteins into amino acids and simple derivative compounds, for transport into the cell through the plasma membrane and ultimately for the polymerization into new proteins by using ribonucleic acids (RNA) and ribosomes. (imedpub.com)
Although arsenic is generally toxic to life, it has been demonstrated that microorganisms can use arsenic compounds as electron donors or electron acceptors, and that they can possess arsenic detoxification mechanisms [3-6]. (easyreport.in)

Oxidation is an increase in oxidation state via loss of electrons. (ishinobu.com)

An electron transport chain works because each acceptor, the next in the chain, is more electronegative than the donor. (ishinobu.com)

A reductant is a chemical species that donates an electron to another species. (ishinobu.com)

After formation of methemoglobin and production of cyanomethemoglobin, thiosulfate acts as a sulfur donor to the endogenous enzyme rhodanese. (medscape.com)

The photoelectric effect causes certain semiconductor materials to absorb sunlight particles or photons, and release electrons. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Ultrafast VC measurements would provide invaluable insights into important photophysical phenomena, such as electron-phonon-coupling effects, polaronic effects and ultrafast structural dynamics, which, in turn, may lead to improvements in material properties and device performances. (nature.com)

Organic field-effect transistors use radical cations and anions as the active charge-transport species, but many air-stable organic transistors have been reported 20 . (researchsquare.com)

We propose that the dynamic binding and release of FNR from TROL can control the flow of photosynthetic electrons prior to activation of the pseudo-cyclic electron transfer pathway. (nature.com)
This is known as the linear electron transfer (LET) pathway 1 . (nature.com)

Both forms are toxic: arsenite disrupts sulfhydryl groups of proteins and interferes with enzyme function, whereas arsenate acts as a phosphate analog and can interfere with phosphate uptake and transport. (easyreport.in)

The principal electron carriers are NAD, NADP and FAD. (xpressbioeurope.com)

Photoinduced electron transfers from porphyrin to cobaltocenium, starting from the excited singlet S1 and triplet T1 states of the porphyrin, were demonstrated. (uni-mainz.de)
The shape of the transient EPR spectra reveals that the triplet excitons are, in contrast to those formed in pristine polymer films, not generated by direct intersystem crossing but result from back electron transfer through CT state recombination. (uni-potsdam.de)

The OLPL system, which is comprised of an electron-donating and an electron-accepting material, stores absorbed energy into geminate pairs of the air-unstable donor radical cations and the acceptor radical anions. (researchsquare.com)

abstract = "The optical, electrochemical, morphological and transport properties of a series of thiadiazinone (acceptor) and (thienyl)carbazoles (donor) containing π-extended donor-acceptor-donors (D-A-D) are presented. (edu.sa)

Electron transfer in proteins and nucleic acids occurs over large distances by a combination of short and long range tunneling mechanisms. (aps.org)

The excitation wavelength of OLPL can be controlled by electron-donor and -acceptor materials, but previous materials require absorption mainly in the ultraviolet region. (researchsquare.com)

Anatomy16

Organisms27

Chemicals and Drugs131

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes48

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Named Groups3

Health Care3

Fullerene4

Paramagnetic resonance2

Dopant1

Mitochondrial elect2

Final electron11

Protons3

High-energy electrons2

Molecules2

Series of electron2

Hydrogen3

Cytochrome1

Substrates1

Reduction8

Exogenous1

Terminal3

Perovskite1

Pathways2

Inorganic2

Reductive2

Oxygen6

Reactions7

Organism3

Complexes1

Conversely1

Electrodes1

Mediated by carr1

Ferrocene1

Processes5

NADH1

Proton1

Compounds2

Oxidation1

Chain1

Reductant1

Endogenous1

Sunlight1

Structural1

Stable1

Pathway2

Phosphate1

Carriers1

Triplet2

Pairs1

Abstract1

Mechanisms1

Absorption1