ElectrochemicalElectrodeHydrogen evolution reactionNanoparticlesBifunctional electrocatalystsSituReductionFuel cellsReactionPEMFCAnodeOxidePerovskiteElectrodesEfficientPorousAlkalineSelectiveStableTransformationsCarbonPoreDurabilityStability testWaterTafelStructureStructuralMaterialsCatalyticPreciousEvolutionPlatinumLarge scalePerformanceActivityCellAlternative

Electrochemical12

• An electrocatalyst is a catalyst that participates in electrochemical reactions. (wikipedia.org)
• An electrocatalyst is a catalyst that affects the activation energy of an electrochemical reaction. (wikipedia.org)
• A homogeneous electrocatalyst is one that is present in the same phase of matter as the reactants, for example, a water-soluble coordination complex catalyzing an electrochemical conversion in solution. (wikipedia.org)
• Using x-rays as probes at Brookhaven's National Synchrotron Light Source, a scanning transmission microscope at Brookhaven's Center for Functional Nanomaterials, and electrochemical techniques in the laboratory, the scientists were able to verify the reduced oxidation of platinum and to determine the structure of the resulting platinum electrocatalyst with gold clusters, which helped them to gain an understanding of the effects of the gold clusters. (sciencedaily.com)
• Researchers from the University of Twente in The Netherlands have developed a new high-entropy perovskite oxide (HEO) as a high-activity electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER)-the key kinetically limiting half-reaction in several electrochemical energy conversion technologies, including green hydrogen generation. (greencarcongress.com)
• The temperature was set at 90, 110, 120 and 130 °C respectively and the cell voltage was varied between 1.4 and 1.8 V. The load characteristics and electrochemical impedance spectra were obtained and compared for a range of electrocatalysts. (dtu.dk)
• Experimental investigation was carried out for Pt electrochemical performance and Pt particle size using 1.5 and 5 wt% Pt loading on zeolite electrocatalysts made by Pt(NH3)4(NO3)2 or Pt(NH3)4(NO3)2/NH4NO3 salt with ion exchanged method and calcined at 350 °C and reduced at 400 °C or direct reduced at 400 °C, respectively. (lincoln.ac.uk)
• Aforementioned electrochemical performance of Pt zeolite electrocatalysts as depicted by a hypothesis of hydrogen spillover and surface conductance pathway. (lincoln.ac.uk)
• The process includes electrochemical dissolution of the Pt nanoparticles in dilute acidic bath, precipitation of the dissolved Pt in form of a Pt-salt and synthesis of carbon supported Pt (Pt/C) electrocatalyst through reduction of the Pt-salt. (sdu.dk)
• The stability test also indicates their good stability under alkaline solutions, suggesting that the as-prepared materials can be good candidates as bifunctional electrocatalysts in oxygen-based electrochemical devices, such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries. (northwestern.edu)
• But to scale these processes up for widespread use, we need to discover new electrocatalysts-substances that increase the rate of an electrochemical reaction that occurs on an electrode surface. (lifeboat.com)
• This work provides valuable insights into the dynamic behavior of alloy -based electrocatalysts, shedding light on their structural stability and catalytic activity during electrochemical reduction processes. (bvsalud.org)

Electrode8

• Electrocatalysts are a specific form of catalysts that function at electrode surfaces or, most commonly, may be the electrode surface itself. (wikipedia.org)
• An electrocatalyst can be heterogeneous such as a platinized electrode. (wikipedia.org)
• Homogeneous electrocatalysts, which are soluble, assist in transferring electrons between the electrode and reactants, and/or facilitate an intermediate chemical transformation described by an overall half reaction. (wikipedia.org)
• Alternatively, an electrocatalyst can be thought of as an agent that facilitates a specific chemical interaction at an electrode surface. (wikipedia.org)
• Here, a nickel bis(terpyridine) complex is introduced as a CO 2 reduction electrocatalyst in a unique electrode geometry, sandwiched by thiol-anchoring moieties between two gold surfaces. (nature.com)
• That's why we're constantly looking for electrode materials made from more abundant resources which also can be used as efficient and stable electrocatalysts. (greencarcongress.com)
• This electrocatalyst is produced on a large scale at low cost and shows good performance in a commercial membrane electrode assembly stack, demonstrating its feasibility for practical water electrolysis. (tbsi.edu.cn)
• Here, technical details of a closed loop recycling of spent electrocatalyst from a PEMFC electrode is demonstrated. (sdu.dk)

Hydrogen evolution reaction3

• Mo Electrocatalysts for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. (bvsalud.org)
• Investigating the Structural Evolution and Catalytic Activity of c -Co/Co 3 Mo Electrocatalysts for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. (bvsalud.org)
• However, the structural stability of alloy electrocatalysts during the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) remains a subject of debate. (bvsalud.org)

Nanoparticles2

• Small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) has been used to obtain structural information of the electrocatalyst nanoparticles, such as size and distribution. (units.it)
• Nanoparticles are essential electrocatalysts in chemical production, water treatment and energy conversion, but engineering efficient and specific catalysts requires understanding complex structure-reactivity relations. (lu.se)

Bifunctional electrocatalysts2

• Three zeolites (A, X and Y) with Ag incorporated in their cages are tested as bifunctional electrocatalysts for direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs). (ac.rs)
• TY - JOUR AU - Milikić, Jadranka AU - Oliveira, Raisa C. P. AU - Stoševski, Ivan AU - Krstić, Jugoslav AU - Hercigonja, Radmila AU - Miljanić, Šćepan AU - Santos, Diogo M. F. AU - Šljukić, Biljana PY - 2019 UR - https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3317 AB - Three zeolites (A, X and Y) with Ag incorporated in their cages are tested as bifunctional electrocatalysts for direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs). (ac.rs)

Situ1

• In-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the oxygen K-edge was used to investigate the role of oxygen during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in an electrodeposited Ni-Fe(OxHy) electrocatalyst in alkaline pH. (fu-berlin.de)

Reduction6

• Thus, electrocatalysts frequently change the potential at which oxidation and reduction processes are observed. (wikipedia.org)
• Platinum electrocatalysts speed up oxidation and reduction reactions. (sciencedaily.com)
• In the Brookhaven experiment, the platinum electrocatalyst remained stable with potential cycling between 0.6 and 1.1 volts in over 30,000 oxidation-reduction cycles, imitating the conditions of stop-and-go driving. (sciencedaily.com)
• Cyclic voltammetry measurement indicated that the hydrogen energy binding level on Pt surfaces is higher for electrocatalyst under direct reduction process than those made by calcination and reduction process. (lincoln.ac.uk)
• The extended X-ray adsorption fine structure measurement revealed that Pt size for electrocatalyst made by calcination and reduction method is smaller than those made by direct reduced method. (lincoln.ac.uk)
• Pt was recovered from the electrolyte by precipitation in form of ammonium hexachloroplatinate, which was converted to Pt/C electrocatalyst (20 wt% Pt) through reduction by refluxing in an ethylene glycol/water (1:1 v/v) mixture. (sdu.dk)

Fuel cells6

• Major challenges in electrocatalysts focus on fuel cells. (wikipedia.org)
• Platinum is the most efficient electrocatalyst for accelerating chemical reactions in fuel cells for electric vehicles. (sciencedaily.com)
• An experimental sensibility analysis has been carried out with the purpose to assess advantages and limitations of the use of cyclic voltammetry to determine the electrocatalyst ECSA in H3PO4/PBI high temperature PEM fuel cells. (units.it)
• Purdue University scientists' simulations have unraveled the mystery of a new electrocatalyst that may solve a significant problem associated with fuel cells and electrolyzers. (rdworldonline.com)
• Fuel cells, which use chemical reactions to produce energy, and electrolyzers, which convert energy into hydrogen or other gases, use electrocatalysts to promote chemical reactions. (rdworldonline.com)
• Electrocatalysts that can activate such reactions tend to be unstable because they can corrode in the highly acidic or basic water solutions that are used in fuel cells or electrolyzers. (rdworldonline.com)

Reaction3

• The activity of electrocatalysts can be assessed quantitatively by understanding how much current density is generated, and therefore how fast a reaction is taking place, for a given applied potential. (wikipedia.org)
• The presence of an electrocatalyst could facilitate either of the reaction pathways. (wikipedia.org)
• Transition metal alloys have emerged as promising electrocatalysts due to their ability to modulate key parameters , such as d-band electron filling, Fermi level energy, and interatomic spacing, thereby influencing their affinity towards reaction intermediates. (bvsalud.org)

PEMFC4

• Specific stress test protocols have been developed to accelerate electrocatalyst degradation in commercial HT-PEMFC MEAs operated in single cell configuration. (units.it)
• SAXS, on the other hand, seems to be an effective tool to investigate structural properties of PEMFC electrocatalysts. (units.it)
• Spent electrocatalysts from PEMFC electrodes, owing to their high activity, were subjected to dissolution through potentiodynamic treatment in dilute (0.1 M or 1 M) HCl bath to attain a Pt concentration of ∼0.7 mg/mL. (sdu.dk)
• 90%, the process may be utilized for large-scale recycling of the spent electrocatalysts, especially suitable for PEMFC electrodes. (sdu.dk)

Anode1

• The cell potential is maintained near 5-6 V. The anode, the electrocatalyst, is nickel-plated. (wikipedia.org)

Oxide1

• These insights are vital to systematically exploit the intrinsic catalytic mechanisms of non-oxide, low-cost, and robust overall water splitting electrocatalysts for future energy conversion and storage. (uzh.ch)

Perovskite2

• In this study, cation deficiency is introduced to the A-site of perovskite LaCoO 3 synthesized via polymer-assisted approach to enhance the electrocatalytic activity of both OER and ORR, leading to the boosted bifunctionality of the resultant electrocatalysts, which might be attributed to oxygen vacancy introduction in perovskites. (northwestern.edu)
• The bifunctionality of the A-site deficiency perovskite (ΔE=0.948 V) is comparable or even better than the pristine LaCoO 3 (ΔE=1.063 V) as well as the reported state-of-the-art electrocatalysts, including both perovskites and noble metal electrocatalysts. (northwestern.edu)

Electrodes1

• In these systems, each of the two electrodes and its associated half-cell would require its own specialized electrocatalyst. (wikipedia.org)

Efficient3

• The rational design of efficient electrocatalysts for industrial water splitting is essential to generate sustainable hydrogen fuel. (uzh.ch)
• The discovery, published in the journal Nature, centres on developing a highly efficient electrocatalyst that can enhance hydrogen generation through electrocatalytic water splitting. (greenleafready.info)
• Efficient electrocatalysts, which are needed for the production of green hydrogen, for example, are hidden in materials composed of five or more elements. (lifeboat.com)

Porous2

• Finally, a known strategy to improve HER catalysis is using porous metal organic framework (MOF) precursors to make electrocatalysts. (utexas.edu)
• In this study, the observation and quantitative evaluation of the porous electrocatalyst layers using various materials are carried out by applying various image observation and processing procedures using the focused-ion-beam coupled scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM). (elsevierpure.com)

Alkaline2

• As an example, the produced Pt/Ni-Mo electrocatalyst only needs an overpotential of 113 mV to reach an ultrahigh current density of 2000 mA cm -2 in saline-alkaline electrolyte, standing as the best performance so far. (tbsi.edu.cn)
• In this study, we systematically investigated the structural evolution and catalytic activity of the c-Co/Co3Mo electrocatalyst under alkaline HER conditions. (bvsalud.org)

Selective3

• Immobilized first-row transition metal complexes are potential low-cost electrocatalysts for selective CO 2 conversion in the production of renewable fuels. (nature.com)
• A major challenge in this system is to synthesize selective and sensitive DA sensing electrocatalysts in extracellular fluids, because critical interferents such as uric acid (UA) and ascorbic acid (AA) exhibit oxidation potentials similar to those of DA. (kentech.ac.kr)
• Herein, we report an extremely selective and sensitive electrocatalyst for DA sensing prepared by vanadium selenide (V2Se9). (kentech.ac.kr)

Stable2

• A team led by Jeffrey Greeley, an associate professor of chemical engineering, has identified the structure for an electrocatalyst made of nickel nanoislands deposited on platinum that is both active and stable. (rdworldonline.com)
• Greeley's lab then went to work to figure out how an electrocatalyst with this composition could be both active and stable. (rdworldonline.com)

Transformations1

• In assessing the stability of electrocatalysts, the ability of catalysts to withstand the potentials at which transformations are occurring is crucial. (wikipedia.org)

Carbon1

• Carbon supported PdM (M = Fe, Co) electrocatalysts for formic acid oxidation. (csic.es)

Pore1

• The selection of suitable thresholding methods is found to be important in the quantitative evaluation of pore side distribution in PEFC electrocatalyst layers. (elsevierpure.com)

Durability1

• One of the two testing protocols based on load cycling included open circuit (OC) condition in each cycle with the purpose to study the effects of frequent and short OCs during operation on MEA durability and electrocatalyst evolution. (units.it)

Stability test2

• Under lab conditions that imitate the environment of a fuel cell, the researchers added gold clusters to the platinum electrocatalyst, which kept it intact during an accelerated stability test. (sciencedaily.com)
• Despite many advances, however, existing fuel-cell technology still has drawbacks, including loss of platinum cathode electrocatalysts, which can be as much as 45 percent over five days, as shown in our accelerated stability test under potential cycling conditions. (sciencedaily.com)

Water1

• The xanthylium dimer (Xan+)2 containing two xanthene units covalently linked with diphenyl ether was studied as the model electrocatalyst for water oxidation. (bgsu.edu)

Tafel1

• In electrocatalytic aspects, layered CoTe 1.8 and NiTe 2 demonstrate low overpotentials and small Tafel slopes that are quintessential features of hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts. (elsevierpure.com)

Structure2

• Moreover, the preparation of the sample used in TEM may have strongly influenced the electrocatalyst structure. (units.it)
• Collaborators at Argonne then analyzed the nickel-platinum structure and confirmed the properties Greeley and his team expected the electrocatalyst to have. (rdworldonline.com)

Structural3

• Specific diagnostic techniques have been studied and tested for the investigation of electrocatalyst structural properties. (units.it)
• The electrocatalyst structural evolution induced by load cycling has been characterized with SAXS and TEM. (units.it)
• Finally, a visualization of the electrocatalyst structural evolution on large areas of the MEAs subjected to load cycling showed preferential directions of the particles growth that could be due to the position of the channels on the flow-field plates of the fuel cell. (units.it)

Materials2

• Electrocatalyst materials are the main responsible of both cost of the entire fuel cell stack and its degradation during operation [1,2]. (units.it)
• Combining the computational results with experimental descriptors provided by a collaborative group, screening of MoCh2/Gr materials for HER electrocatalyst is carried out, MoSTe/Gr is found to be the best cathodic material for HER. (auburn.edu)

Catalytic1

• This work seeks to understand the origins of catalytic behaviour in transition metal dichalcogenide electrocatalysts, which are currently convoluted by a variety of factors. (bl.uk)

Precious3

• One of the drawbacks of this method is the need for precious metal-based electrocatalysts. (dtu.dk)
• IrO2 and the pure IrO2 electrocatalyst attained 36% at 130 °C and 1.7 V. All of the supported electrocatalysts showed a higher efficiency of utilization of the precious metal than the pure IrO2. (dtu.dk)
• Led by TBSI Associate Prof. Bilu Liu and SARI Prof. Jiong Li, the team has synthesized a new type of electrocatalyst where trace precious metals are strongly anchored on corrosion-resistive matrix. (tbsi.edu.cn)

Evolution1

• Electrocatalyst evolution during long-term operation has been studied and related with performance loss. (units.it)

Platinum1

• Greeley's team and collaborators working at Argonne National Laboratory had noticed that nickel placed on a platinum substrate showed potential as an electrocatalyst. (rdworldonline.com)

Large scale1

• The chloralkali process is a large scale application that uses electrocatalysts. (wikipedia.org)

Performance2

• The stress test protocols have been effective to accelerate performance and electrocatalyst degradation of the MEA. (units.it)
• In order to realize high fuel cell performance, optimization of the nanostructure of the electrocatalyst layer is essential. (elsevierpure.com)

Activity2

• Electrocatalysts can be evaluated according to three figures of merit: activity, stability, and selectivity. (wikipedia.org)
• This method will then highlight the importance of intrinsic activity measurements when comparing HER electrocatalysts. (bl.uk)

Cell2

• By contrast, the pure IrO2 electrocatalyst showed the lowest current densities and the highest charge transfer and cell resistance. (dtu.dk)
• The electrocatalyst layer of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) has a complicated three-dimensional nanostructure. (elsevierpure.com)

Alternative1

• We apply a self-templated strategy to introduce hierarchically nanostructured "all-surface" Fe-doped cobalt phosphide nanoboxes (Co@CoFe-P NBs) as alternative electrocatalysts for industrial-scale applications. (uzh.ch)