Elbow fracture proximal humeral fracture fractures comminuted. Medical search. Frequent questions

Locked plate technology for fixation of fractures associated with poor bone quality has expanded in recent years. (scielo.org.za)
In a recent prospective randomised control trial (PRCT) of 50 patients comparing non-operative management and locked-plate fixation for complex displaced fractures, it was reported that at 12 months the functional scores (American Shoulder and Elbow Score ASES, and Constant Score CS) were similar, and that the only significant difference was better radiographs in the operated group. (scielo.org.za)
In the 1970s, the AO/ASIF (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Association for the Study of Internal Fixation) group popularized plates and screws for fracture fixation, and humeral head prostheses were redesigned. (medscape.com)
5] As surgeons became more adept at surgical reduction and internal fixation, the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen-Association for the Study of Internal Fixation (AO-ASIF) group described a classification based on fracture pattern and degree of comminution (see Classification). (medscape.com)
In the 1960s and 1970s, most surgeons condemned surgical treatment because of high failure rates with loss of fixation, nonunion, and elbow stiffness. (medscape.com)
The "bag of bones" treatment was used when bone quality or fracture pattern was not sufficient to gain stable fixation. (medscape.com)
These patients underwent arthroscopically assisted reduction and internal fixation of the greater tuberosity fractures. (biomedcentral.com)
There were no reported complications such as fracture displacement, nonunion, and internal fixation failure during the follow-up period. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, when the fracture appears displaced, reduction and internal fixation of the greater tuberosity fractures are necessary. (biomedcentral.com)
However, cannulated screw fixation of the greater tuberosity fracture is associated with increased morbidity due to comminution or migration of the fractured fragment and poor fixation. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcome of the fixation of humeral greater tuberosity fracture using the W-shaped suture technology. (biomedcentral.com)
A total of 17 patients with humeral greater tuberosity fracture treated with arthroscopic-assisted reduction and W-shaped suture fixation at our hospital between May 2015 and February 2019 were included in this retrospective study. (biomedcentral.com)
External fixation is a procedure in which the fracture stabilization is done at a distance from the site of fracture. (ryanlisle.com.au)
During a 24-month period, 99 patients with proximal humerus fracture with OTA type 11A, 11B, 11c were treated operatively with open reduction and internal fixation with angular stability locking plate at a level 1 trauma center. (asesjournal.com)
Angular Locking plate fixation for proximal humerus fracture gives satisfactory results, good functional and radiological outcome. (asesjournal.com)
9. Plecko M, Kraus A. Internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures using the locking proximal humerus plate. (asesjournal.com)
10. Handschin AE, Cardell M, Contaldo C, Trentz O, Wanner GA. Functional results of angular-stable plate fixation in displaced proximal humeral fractures. (asesjournal.com)
A systematic review of locking plate fixation of proximal humerus fractures. (asesjournal.com)
Conventional plating involved opening of the fracture site and fixation, while in nailing entry through the rotator cuff had issues in performing overhead activities. (medresearch.in)
Because of these limitations, this author believes that the classification of bicolumn fractures of the distal humerus introduced by Mehne and Matta proves useful in planning bicolumn surgical fixation. (medscape.com)
Although the medial and lateral lambda fractures are not technically bicolumn fractures, they are included in this classification because they require similar operative fixation techniques (see the image below). (medscape.com)
Surgical fixation is consequently recommended for fractures with residual displacement greater than 5 mm, or 3 mm in active patients involved in frequent overhead activity. (beemed.com)
It was planned for only the humerus fracture to be treated by open reduction and internal fixation using a locking plate. (cisejournal.org)
there is a previous case series of two complex proximal humerus fractures concomitant with a bony Bankart lesion treated with hemiarthroplasty and glenoid rim fixation [ 1 ]. (cisejournal.org)
This case was treated with simultaneous open reduction and internal fixation of the proximal humeral fracture and glenoid fracture. (cisejournal.org)
Association for the Study of Internal Fixation) cloverleaf small fragment plate or proximal humeral locking plate is preferred. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
There are certainly some complications that you never considered would develop that surprise you but in general, the surgeon can improve and limit the number of problems through a better understanding of fracture biomechanics and experience with a wide variety of patients, fixation techniques and postoperative environments. (vin.com)
I have seen a few acetabular fractures treated with internal fixation and an Ehmer sling develop marked periarticular fibrosis and dramatically reduced extension with a poor long term result. (vin.com)
BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to compare the radiological and clinical outcomes of internal fixation using a Polarus humeral nail for treatment of a humeral shaft fracture according to fracture. (koreamed.org)
plate fixation was performed on the right comminuted fracture. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
The dislocations reduced spontaneously after the fracture fixation. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
This system of plates is currently used all over the world for fixation of clavicle fractures. (geisslermd.com)
We hypothesize that the number of screws in the articular segment of distal humerus AO/OTA C-type fractures treated with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) will be inversely proportional to the complication rate. (sicot-j.org)
In C-type fractures, the use of three or fewer articular screws was significantly associated with nonunion or loss of fixation (RR 17, p = 0.006). (sicot-j.org)
In this retrospective study, the use of three or fewer screws to fix articular fragments in AO type C fractures was a significant risk for nonunion or loss of fixation. (sicot-j.org)
The mainstay of surgical management for distal femur fractures is retrograde nailing or open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). (teachmesurgery.com)
In certain cases, external fixation may be used in severe comminuted or open fractures. (teachmesurgery.com)
The management of a peri-prosthetic distal femur fracture is more complex, and may require intramedullary nailing, open reduction internal fixation, revision to a long stem prosthesis, or a distal femoral replacement. (teachmesurgery.com)

Plain radiographs remain pivotal in the initial assessment of patients with a suspected fracture or dislocation. (aafp.org)
This injury commonly constitutes an epiphyseal separation with a fracture through the unfused physis of the proximal clavicle, rather than a true dislocation. (aafp.org)
Therefore, we recommend suspecting a glenoid fracture preoperatively in the presence of a complex proximal humerus fracture with dislocation. (cisejournal.org)
On plain radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans, there was a four-part proximal humerus fracture with anterior dislocation of the humeral head fragment of the right shoulder ( Fig. 1 ). (cisejournal.org)
Check for glenohumeral joint dislocation - Dislocations with associated isolated greater tuberosity fracture can be reduced under conscious sedation. (orthojournalhms.org)
Bilateral fractures with posterior radio humeral dislocation are even rarer and offer a management dilemma. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
We report one case of traumatic bilateral olecranon fractures with posterior radio-humeral dislocation without any concomitant systemic disease. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
A radiograph showed bilateral fractures of the olecranon with posterior radio-humeral dislocation (Figure 1). (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
Bilateral olecranon fractures with elbow dislocation are rarer. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
This fracture occurs in approximately 22% of anterior dislocations and is the result of impaction of the humeral head against the antero-inferior glenoid labrum during dislocation, and is associated with rupture of the joint capsule and inferior gleno-humeral ligament damage. (dislocation.com.au)
A Hill-Sach's lesion is an impact fracture causing a depression of the postero-lateral aspect of the humeral head occurring during anterior dislocation. (dislocation.com.au)
Also called a McLaughlin lesion, this is a depression of the anterograde-medial aspect of the humeral head occurring during posterior dislocation. (dislocation.com.au)
Essex-Lopresti fracture-dislocation is characterized by a fracture of the radial head , dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint and rupture of the antebrachial interosseous membrane 3 . (radiopaedia.org)
The proposed classification of Essex-Lopresti fracture-dislocation is based on the severity of radial head fracture 5 . (radiopaedia.org)

We present a concise review of conservative and surgical treatment of proximal humerus fractures and a more detailed review of published series of reverse shoulder arthroplasty for fracture treatment. (scielo.org.za)
8. Russo R, Lombardi LV, Ciccarelli M, Giudice G, Cautiero F. A new osteosynthesis device for the treatment of proximal humerus fractures. (asesjournal.com)
13. Thanasas C, Kontakis G, Angoules A, Limb D, Giannoudis P. Treatment of proximal humerus fractures with locking plates: a systematic review. (asesjournal.com)

The greater tuberosity fracture of the humerus is one of the common proximal humerus fractures among the young and male population [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
With the recent development of arthroscopy, arthroscopic treatment of humeral greater tuberosity fracture has been widely used [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
What is the significance of a greater tuberosity fracture? (dislocation.com.au)
Not every greater tuberosity fracture is the same. (dislocation.com.au)

Adequate surgical debridement is the crucial first step in the care of any open fracture. (aofoundation.org)
The GPC undreamed femoral nail is used for open fracture of femur (Grade 1&2). (indianorthopaedic.com)
This is called an open fracture and needs urgent surgery. (renoortho.com)
It is also important to look for any evidence of an open fracture , which occurs in 5-10% of cases. (teachmesurgery.com)
Any evidence of an open fracture needs to be managed accordingly. (teachmesurgery.com)

The use of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for the management of complex proximal humerus fractures has gained popularity in the last five to ten years. (scielo.org.za)
To evaluate the clinical outcomes of the W-shaped suture technique under shoulder arthroscopy in the treatment of greater tuberosity fractures of the humerus. (biomedcentral.com)
The displacement of the fracture block reduces the subacromial space, which can cause the shoulder to hit as it abducts, hence affecting the shoulder joint function [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Humerus is the upper arm bone and it forms two joints -shoulder joint and elbow joint. (ryanlisle.com.au)
The proximal humerus is the upper end of arm bone that forms shoulder joint. (ryanlisle.com.au)
Also, a case series of 26 patients with proximal humerus fracture and glenoid fractures treated with reverse total shoulder arthroplasty and bone grating was reported [ 2 ]. (cisejournal.org)
Shoulder dislocations occur in two-thirds of all large anterior glenoid rim fractures, complicating treatment [ 3 ]. (cisejournal.org)
concluded, generally in 2 to 3 weeks, a program to regain shoulder motion is started as for fractures with minimal displacement and anatomic neck fractures. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
Unlike joint arthroplasty in the shoulder, hip, and knee, the main indication for total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is rheumatoid arthritis rather than degenerative osteoarthritis. (medapparatus.com)
The proximal humerus consists of the articular surface of the shoulder joint and the attachments of the rotator cuff to the greater and lesser tuberosities. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
90% of proximal humeral fractures result from a low-energy fall directly onto the shoulder. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
In addition, occasionally patients who have a severe fracture to the shoulder that is not repairable may undergo joint replacement. (geisslermd.com)
Clavicle injuries are frequent fractures to the shoulder girdle. (geisslermd.com)
It is estimated that one in 20 fractures involve the clavicle and approximately 45% of all shoulder girdle injuries involve a fractured clavicle. (geisslermd.com)
If your patient has fallen directly onto the shoulder, is elderly or at some other risk of osteoporosis/pathological fracture, then I would want to exclude a humeral shaft fracture prior to any manipulation. (dislocation.com.au)
Distal clavicle fractures are traumatic injuries usually caused by direct trauma to the shoulder from a fall in adults. (orthobullets.com)

A humerus fracture is a break of the humerus bone in the upper arm. (wikipedia.org)
Falls that produce humerus fractures among the elderly are usually accompanied by a preexisting risk factor for bone fracture, such as osteoporosis, a low bone density, or vitamin B deficiency. (wikipedia.org)
Other risk factors for proximal fractures include having a low bone mineral density, having impaired vision and balance, and tobacco smoking. (wikipedia.org)
A bone fracture is a medical condition in which a bone is cracked or broken. (ryanlisle.com.au)
While many fractures are the result of high force impact or stress, bone fracture can also occur as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis. (ryanlisle.com.au)
The word "Fracture" implies to broken bone. (ryanlisle.com.au)
A bone may get fractured completely or partially and it is caused commonly from trauma due to fall, motor vehicle accident or sports. (ryanlisle.com.au)
Simple fractures in which the fractured pieces of bone are well aligned and stable. (ryanlisle.com.au)
Unstable fractures are those in which fragments of the broken bone are misaligned and displaced. (ryanlisle.com.au)
Greenstick fractures: This is a unique fracture in Children that involves bending of one side of the bone without any break in the bone. (ryanlisle.com.au)
Bone cells begin forming on the either side of the fracture line. (ryanlisle.com.au)
The objective of early fracture management is to control bleeding, prevent ischemic injury (bone death) and to remove sources of infection such as foreign bodies and dead tissues. (ryanlisle.com.au)
In skeletal traction, a pin is inserted through the bone distal to the fracture. (ryanlisle.com.au)
The decisive elements of choice between osteosynthesis and implant are essentially the patient's age, the risk of humeral head necrosis and bone strength. (beemed.com)
On imaging, scattered fractured fragments of the proximal humerus and dislocated humeral head impeded precise evaluation of the glenoid bone, and no bony Bankart lesion was detected ( Fig. 2 ). (cisejournal.org)
It is ideal to immobilize the joints above and below the fractured bone to reduce motion at the interface to a minimum. (vin.com)
Clinicians should consider the patient's conformation as well as the location and bone fractured and think about how effective coaptation might be in effectively achieving bone splintage as apposed to limb splintage. (vin.com)
Common fractures that can be confidently treated with coaptation include: isolated diaphyseal radial or ulnar fractures (not both), one, two or three metacarpal / tarsal fractures, minimally displaced tibial crest avulsions, greenstick fractures of the tibial diaphysis and some non-articular talus and tarsal bone fractures. (vin.com)
A fracture is a break in a bone. (msdmanuals.com)
Most fractures result from a single, significant force applied to normal bone. (msdmanuals.com)
Pathologic fractures occur when mild or minimal force fractures an area of bone weakened by a disorder (eg, osteoporosis, cancer, infection, bone cyst). (msdmanuals.com)
A hematoma forms at the fracture site, and a small amount of bone in the distal fracture fragments is resorbed. (msdmanuals.com)
If a fracture line is not evident initially (eg, in some nondisplaced fractures), one typically becomes evident about 1 week after the injury as this small amount of bone is resorbed. (msdmanuals.com)
The reparative phase ends with clinical union of the fracture (ie, when there is no pain at fracture site, the injured extremity can be used without pain, and clinical examination detects no bone movement). (msdmanuals.com)
One of the biggest challenges in joint arthroplasty is elbow arthroplasty, because the forces transmitted across the elbow are amplified by the long lever arm of the forearm, and there is limited bone stock about the elbow. (medapparatus.com)
The relatively poor bone stock about the elbow joint makes revision arthroplasty in the elbow considerably more difficult. (medapparatus.com)
The elbow is particularly prone to heterotopic bone formation after immobilization or surgery. (medapparatus.com)
A little shortening of 1 or 2 cm can be accepted in the humerus, and in complex multifragmentary fractures may improve bone contact. (aofoundation.org)
When a fracture happens, bone union is delayed and nonunion often occurs. (koreamed.org)
This includes bone deformity from osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, posttraumatic osteoarthritis, and avascular necrosis to the humeral head. (geisslermd.com)
Fractures of the skull, as with fractures of any bone, occur when biomechanical stresses exceed the bone's tolerance. (radiopaedia.org)
It is essential that a bone algorithm is used if undisplaced fractures are to be visualized. (radiopaedia.org)
Fractures will appear as discontinuities in the bone and may or may not be displaced. (radiopaedia.org)
These nails have been designed for specific applications to help restore the shape of the fractured bone to its natural, pre-injured state. (indianorthopaedic.com)
A distal radius fracture is a break of the larger bone of the wrist. (renoortho.com)

In young adults, most distal humerus fractures occur from high-energy trauma, sideswipe injuries, motor vehicle accidents, falls from heights, and gunshot wounds. (medscape.com)
The cause of a humerus fracture is usually physical trauma such as a fall. (wikipedia.org)
Humerus fractures usually occur after physical trauma, falls, excess physical stress, or pathological conditions. (wikipedia.org)
Middle fractures are usually caused by either physical trauma or falls. (wikipedia.org)
Physical trauma to the humerus shaft tends to produce transverse fractures whereas falls tend to produce spiral fractures. (wikipedia.org)
Distal humerus fractures usually occur as a result of physical trauma to the elbow region. (wikipedia.org)
If the elbow is bent during the trauma, then the olecranon is driven upward, producing a T- or Y-shaped fracture or displacing one of the condyles. (wikipedia.org)
Assessment of an acute proximal humerus fracture includes a complete trauma series radiography and, where surgical treatment is considered, a CT scan with three-dimensional reconstruction. (beemed.com)
Most of these fractures occur in elderly patients with osteoporosis due to minor trauma. (cisejournal.org)
In nonosteoporotic patients, fractures result from high-energy trauma. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Trauma to the upper limb is devastating as it affects the livelihood of the patient and injuries around the elbow are associated with posttraumatic loss of joint range of motion. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
They follow trauma either as a fall from a height on the elbow or motor vehicle accident injury as a side swipe. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
The association of these complications with important elements of operative decision making such as plate and/or screw construct is poorly understood, with certain literature suggesting that more screws in the distal articular segment of AO Foundation/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) C-type fractures may be associated with fewer complications [ 4 ]. (sicot-j.org)
These patients, primarily (after injury) referred to the trauma centre of the University Hospital Hradec Králové, were diagnosed with an unstable pelvic ring fracture as a part of multiple injuries. (bvsalud.org)
The injury occurs due to the compressive force of trauma transmitted down the forearm through the proximal and distal radioulnar joints and the interosseous membrane 3,4 . (radiopaedia.org)
This usually occurs from a fall or high energy trauma with the elbow extended 4 . (radiopaedia.org)
They occur both in younger patients (as the result of high energy trauma) or in older patients (from low energy trauma as a pathological fracture secondary to osteoporosis or malignancy). (teachmesurgery.com)
As most cases present following a fall or trauma , differentials include tibial plateau fractures , haemarthrosis , or tibial shaft fractures . (teachmesurgery.com)

The critical anatomic relations of the proximal humerus are those of the articular segment to the shaft and the tuberosities. (medscape.com)
Trochlea rests in 6-8º valgus in relation to humeral shaft. (medscape.com)
Types include proximal humeral fractures, humeral shaft fractures, and distal humeral fractures. (wikipedia.org)
Many humerus shaft fractures may be treated with a brace rather than surgery. (wikipedia.org)
Proximal and shaft fractures generally have a good outcome while outcomes with distal fractures can be less good. (wikipedia.org)
Displaced fractures of the humerus shaft will often cause deformity and a shortening of the length of the upper arm. (wikipedia.org)
A stress fracture of the proximal and shaft regions can occur after an excessive amount of throwing, such as pitching in baseball. (wikipedia.org)
Metastatic breast cancer may also cause fractures in the humerus shaft. (wikipedia.org)
Long spiral fractures of the shaft that are present in children may indicate physical abuse. (wikipedia.org)
Fractures of the humerus shaft are usually correctly identified with radiographic images taken from the AP and lateral viewpoints. (wikipedia.org)
Damage to the radial nerve from a shaft fracture can be identified by an inability to bend the hand backwards or by decreased sensation in the back of the hand. (wikipedia.org)
Humeral shaft fractures compose around 3% of fractures. (medresearch.in)
Mildly displaced humeral shaft fractures can be treated conservatively [1, 2]. (medresearch.in)
Intramedullary nailing of humeral shaft fractures also has given excellent results [5-8]. (medresearch.in)
Anterior Bridge Plating (ABP) which utilizes the minimally invasive approach popularly known as Minimally Invasive Percutaneous plate Osteosynthesi (MIPPO) is the latest technique in the management of humeral shaft fractures. (medresearch.in)
Neurovascular injury can occur in this type of fracture because the shaft may be displaced into the axilla. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
Read more about the treatment of open fractures in the humeral shaft . (aofoundation.org)
An anterior plate may be less well suited for the very distal humeral shaft. (aofoundation.org)
PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of intertrochanteric or subtrochanteric fractures associated with ipsilateral femoral shaft fractures and assess the surgical outcomes of a novel, closed intramedullary nailing surgical approach. (koreamed.org)
PURPOSE: This study examined the outcomes of exchange nailing for the hypertrophic nonunion of femoral shaft fractures treated with intramedullary nailing as well as the factors affecting the treatment outcomes. (koreamed.org)
Could there be a shaft fracture? (dislocation.com.au)
Definitely image if there is any chance of a humeral shaft fracture. (dislocation.com.au)
Femoral shaft fractures are high energy injuries to the femur that are associated with life-threatening injuries (pulmonary, cerebral) and ipsilateral femoral neck fractures. (orthobullets.com)
Femur interlocking nails are used for fracture shaft of femur in adults .They are available in stainless steel and titanium. (indianorthopaedic.com)
The intra HEAL Reamed Humerus Nail- Omni are solid nails that can be inserted in the humeral shaft in both antegrade. (indianorthopaedic.com)
The GPC reconstruction nail (left) are used for complex fractures involving ipsilateral neck and shaft femur fractures. (indianorthopaedic.com)
The GPC reconstruction nail (right) are used for complex fractures involving ipsilateral neck and shaft femur fractures. (indianorthopaedic.com)
The GPC Unreamed Humeral Nail is indicated in open fractures of humeral shaft. (indianorthopaedic.com)
The humerus nail cannulated is indicated in diaphyseal fractures of humerus shaft, proximal humerus fractures with diaphyseal extension and impending. (indianorthopaedic.com)
The GPC tibial nail is indicated in open & closed tibial shaft fractures, tibial malunion and nonunions. (indianorthopaedic.com)
The GPC Multi-angle locking tibial nail is indicated in tibial shaft fractures, metaphyseal fractures and pilon fractures of tibia. (indianorthopaedic.com)

The fractures are usually transverse and complete, although some may be comminuted, with overriding of fragments. (aafp.org)
Bridge plating uses the plate as an extramedullary splint, fixed to the two main fragments, while the intermediate fracture zone is left untouched. (aofoundation.org)

Avascular necrosis (AVN) complicates between 21 and 75% of three- and four-part fractures, and is related to the initial injury, the fracture pattern, the integrity and size of the medial cortical hinge, and surgical dissection. (scielo.org.za)
In order to evaluate the benefits and risks of the various surgical techniques, it is important first to understand the natural history of non-operatively managed fractures, and to know the outcomes of the different surgical options. (scielo.org.za)
Additionally, technical factors in the reconstruction of these fractures require surgical experience that few surgeons have the opportunity to develop. (medscape.com)
For complicated fractures, computed tomography (CT) also can be helpful with regard to surgical planning. (medscape.com)
Surgical treatment of supracondylar fractures has evolved significantly over the past few decades. (medscape.com)
To achieve this, maintenance of fracture reduction with immobilization technique is done by either non-operative or surgical method. (ryanlisle.com.au)
This is a surgical procedure in which the fracture site is adequately exposed and reduction of fracture is done. (ryanlisle.com.au)
It also is somewhat deficient in describing the level through which the fracture occurs in each column and related important surgical considerations. (medscape.com)
Rarely, a three-part fracture is encountered involving the lesser or greater tuberosity as well as the surgical neck. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
Arthrodesis of the elbow is a rare procedure that is also part of the surgical armamentarium for chronic elbow pain and disability. (medapparatus.com)
Surgical options may be considered for specific fracture patterns in younger patients. (orthojournalhms.org)
Surgical treatment of distal humerus fractures can lead to numerous complications. (sicot-j.org)
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between a number of screws in the distal segment and complication rate for surgical treatment of distal humerus fractures. (sicot-j.org)
Not only is CT sensitive to the detection fractures but it is also able to exquisitely characterize their extent and allow for surgical planning. (radiopaedia.org)
In contrast, depressed fractures will often require surgical intervention for cosmesis and reduction in the incidence of post-traumatic epilepsy 1 . (radiopaedia.org)
Fractures of the proximal humerus, including the head, anatomic and surgical necks, and tuberosities. (bvsalud.org)
In cases where there are many pieces or severe intra articular fractures, a CT(Computed Tomography) Scan is ordered to help guide surgical treatment. (renoortho.com)

For stable elbow motion, the trochlea must be restored to its normal position, acting as a tie rod between the medial and lateral columns of the distal humerus. (medscape.com)
This classification remains somewhat deficient in describing the mechanically important concept of the medial and lateral columns and their fracture involvement. (medscape.com)
The lateral offset of the greater tuberosity relative to the diaphyseal axis is another important anatomic variable, but sometimes difficult to restore due to the comminuted, and often porotic nature of fractured tuberosities, giving them an eggshell appearance. (beemed.com)
Role of the lateral offset: A) Superomedial malposition of the greater tuberosity after a subtubercular varus impacted fracture. (beemed.com)
Longer plates are normally twisted to form a helix, so that the proximal end is applied to the lateral humerus while the distal end lies on the anterior surface. (aofoundation.org)
Radiocapitellar impingement due to longitudinal instability may cause lateral elbow pain 4 . (radiopaedia.org)
Partial articular fractures can be further classified into sagittal fractures of lateral condyle, sagittal fractures of medial condyle, and coronal fractures. (teachmesurgery.com)

performed a prospective observational study of 76 patients with complex proximal humerus fractures managed non-operatively. (scielo.org.za)

Complications in fractures of the wrist are strongly related to the location of the fracture. (aafp.org)
In my opinion, complications that develop following management of fractures in small animal practice can be a humbling experience and clinical experience plays a major role in reducing the frequency of complications. (vin.com)
I enjoy the ongoing challenge of fracture repair and attempt to learn from complications that develop and then to apply that knowledge to the benefit of future patients. (vin.com)
Serious complications of fractures are unusual but may threaten life or limb viability or cause permanent limb dysfunction. (msdmanuals.com)
Risk of complications is high with open fractures (which predispose to infection) and with fractures that disrupt blood vessels, tissue perfusion, and/or nerves. (msdmanuals.com)
Closed fractures that do not involve blood vessels or nerves, particularly those that are quickly reduced, are least likely to result in serious complications. (msdmanuals.com)
We hypothesized that there would be an association between a number of screws in the articular segment of an AO/OTA C-type fracture and complications, with an association between a decreasing number of screws and an increased complication rate. (sicot-j.org)
Complications following a distal femur fracture include malunion (more common for fractures that have been plated), non-union (can occur in up to 19%, most common in the metaphyseal area), and secondary osteoarthritis , especially those with intraarticular extension of the fracture. (teachmesurgery.com)

Patients were grouped according to a 3D classification of fracture pattern. (scielo.org.za)
In 1934, Codman developed a classification that divided the proximal humerus into four parts on the basis of epiphyseal lines. (medscape.com)
In 1970, Neer's classification expanded on the four-part concept and included anatomic, biomechanical, and treatment principles, providing clinicians with a useful framework for diagnosing and treating patients with these fractures. (medscape.com)
Numerous classification schemes have been devised to categorize and discuss supracondylar fractures. (medscape.com)
The classification of Mehne and Matta describes the specific characteristics of bicolumn fractures and allows for better preoperative planning. (medscape.com)
After imaging studies, the olecranon fracture was classified using Mayo classification and the patient was prepared for surgery under general anesthesia. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
The classification is commonly used to classify distal femur fractures into extra-articular (type A), partial articular (type B), and complete articular (type C). (teachmesurgery.com)

Any fracture pattern can be seen, but the displacement of all components must be less than 1 cm, except anatomic neck fractures, to be considered in this group according to Neer's concept. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
In general, simple fracture configurations, with minimal displacement and located within the diaphysis in young patients can potentially be adequately splinted if they are distal to the elbow or stifle. (vin.com)
Minor fractures with minimal displacement do very well with nonsurgical treatment. (renoortho.com)
Non-operative management requires a long period of immobilisation and non-weight bearing, however is sometimes indicated for fractures with minimal displacement in a non-ambulatory or very co-morbid patient. (teachmesurgery.com)

Proximal humerus fractures most often occur among elderly people with osteoporosis who fall on an outstretched arm. (wikipedia.org)
Fractures of proximal humerus are common in elderly individuals suffering from osteoporosis. (ryanlisle.com.au)

6. Schumaier A, Grawe B. Proximal humerus fractures: evaluation and management in the elderly patient. (asesjournal.com)
7. Zyto K. Non-operative treatment of comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients. (asesjournal.com)
BACKGROUND: Intramedullary (IM) nailing is widely performed in elderly patients with trochanteric fractures. (koreamed.org)
Conclusions: Proximal femoral nailing can be one of the primary treatment options for intertrochanteric hip fractures in the elderly. (journaltocs.ac.uk)

Displaced 2-part fractures in the young polytrauma victim should be treated surgically (plate, intramedullary nail, or multiple pins) to aid mobilization. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)

With comminuted bicolumn fractures, repeat films following initial reduction or with longitudinal traction maintained often prove helpful. (medscape.com)
However, if the fracture block is small or the fracture is seriously crushed, these materials cannot achieve accurate reduction and strong fracture effect. (biomedcentral.com)
The next step in fracture management is the reduction of the fracture and its maintenance. (ryanlisle.com.au)
Casting closed reduction is done for any fracture that is displaced, shortened, or angulated. (ryanlisle.com.au)
However, a fractured fragment remained under the scapula after reduction of the dislocated humeral head. (cisejournal.org)
Reduction of the fracture depends on an intact posteromedial periosteal sleeve in younger patients. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quantitative association between the degree of reduction and the position of the blade of the proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA). (koreamed.org)
Anterior dislocations with Bankart's or Hill-Sach's lesions, greater tuberosity avulsion fractures are all suitable for closed reduction. (dislocation.com.au)

Indications for treatment are displaced articular fractures and periarticular fractures. (medscape.com)
2016) Highly Comminuted, Articular Fractures of the Distal Antebrachium Managed by Pancarpal Arthrodesis in 8 Dogs. (uk.net)

Pectoralis major tendons inserted 54 to 56 mm distal to the superior aspect of the humeral head and 47 mm distal to superomedial tip of greater tuberosity. (beemed.com)

11. Helwig P, Bahrs C, Epple B, Oehm J, Eingartner C, Weise K. Does fixed-angle plate osteosynthesis solve the problems of a fractured proximal humerus? (asesjournal.com)
Hinge plate technique for osteosynthesis of comminuted proximal humeral fractures. (swissmedical.net)

Less frequently, proximal fractures occur from motor vehicle accidents, gunshots, and violent muscle contractions from an electric shock or seizure. (wikipedia.org)
However, one-fourth of these fractures occur in young people who experience high-energy accidents. (cisejournal.org)
Undisplaced linear fractures that extend into the humeral head can occur. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
Complete rotator cuff tears occur in 20% of cases, particularly greater tuberosity fractures. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Ulnar neuropathy has been reported to occur in 7-15% of cases, is more common in C-type fractures, and may be related to plate placement [ 5 - 10 ]. (sicot-j.org)

In a study of 4536 consecutive fractures in adults seen in the Massachusetts General Hospital emergency department, only 0.31% were supracondylar (bicolumn) fractures of the distal humerus. (medscape.com)
The clinical presentation of a supracondylar humerus fracture (SCHF) is that of a painful swollen elbow that the patient is hesitant to move. (medscape.com)
In 1936, Reich originally classified supracondylar fractures into T and Y variations. (medscape.com)
The GPC supracondylar nail is used for supracondylar fracture of femur. (indianorthopaedic.com)

Traction method is used for the management of fractures and dislocations that cannot be treated by casting. (ryanlisle.com.au)
The first of this two-part series discusses the features and evaluation of some commonly missed fractures and dislocations of the upper limb, excluding the hand. (aafp.org)
This two-part series, divided into separate discussions of the upper limb and the lower limb, reviews key diagnostic features of some commonly missed fractures and dislocations. (aafp.org)
As little as 20% of Essex-Lopresti fracture-dislocations are recognized at the time of initial presentation 6 . (radiopaedia.org)
Initial radiographs may be unremarkable for Essex-Lopresti fracture-dislocations 6 . (radiopaedia.org)

Epidemiology of proximal humerus fractures. (asesjournal.com)
3. Palvanen M, Kannus P, Niemi S, Parkkari J. Update in the epidemiology of proximal humeral fractures. (asesjournal.com)
4. Baron JA, Barrett JA, Karagas MR. The epidemiology of peripheral fractures. (asesjournal.com)
5. Court-Brown CM, Garg A, McQueen MM. The epidemiology of proximal humeral fractures. (asesjournal.com)

There is also an increasing number of whom have a distal femur fracture related to a knee replacement (known as a peri-prosthetic fracture ). (teachmesurgery.com)

these fractures are often called insufficiency or fragility fractures. (msdmanuals.com)

Low Profile Transverse Plating for Treatment of Dorsal Rim Fracture of the Distal Radius: A Mid-Term Follow-Up of Functional and Radiological Result. (swissmedical.net)
The left olecranon fracture was finally fixed by tension band wiring due to its transverse nature while the right was reduced and fixed with a contoured reconstruction plate and screws because it was comminuted. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)

The "bag of bones" approach has now largely been replaced by total elbow arthroplasty, allowing improved and more predictable results. (medscape.com)
Selecting the correct size of head component is challenging in radial head arthroplasty, particularly in comminuted fractures. (biomedcentral.com)
The main indications for elbow arthroplasty are similar to those for other joints including advanced osteoarthritis or inflammatory arthritis refractory to medical therapy. (medapparatus.com)
Absolute contraindications for elbow arthroplasty are systemic infection, elbow joint infection, or a neuropathic elbow joint. (medapparatus.com)
The goal of elbow joint arthroplasty is to decrease pain and restore a usable range of motion. (medapparatus.com)
Celli (2009) found semiconstrained total elbow arthroplasty in young patients was associated with a 22% revision rate. (medapparatus.com)
For these reasons, elbow arthroplasty is generally reserved for patients older than 40 ( Petscavage, 2012 ). (medapparatus.com)
The constrained elbow arthroplasty is rarely used these days ( Petscavage, 2012 ). (medapparatus.com)
The unconstrained (unlinked) elbow prosthesis consists of separate humeral and ulnar metal components which articulate through a circular high-density polyethylene component ( figure: unconstrained elbow arthroplasty ). (medapparatus.com)

In the early 1980s, the AO-ASIF group reported good and excellent results in 27 of 39 patients with comminuted fractures of the distal humerus. (medscape.com)
Patients with greater tuberosity fractures of the humerus often require surgery. (biomedcentral.com)
After pre-anaesthetic fitness, patients were operated for midshaft fracture humerus. (medresearch.in)
They represent 5% of all fractures in patients over 40 years of age. (beemed.com)
Fractures of the proximal humerus are seen in all age groups but are more common in older patients. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
In general, prosthetic elbow replacement is avoided in younger patients, because there is an anticipated high rate of failure. (medapparatus.com)
Patients with 2-part fractures have been shown to have less pain and better outcomes when treated with immediate physical therapy and pendular exercises than with delayed therapy. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
PURPOSE: Recent literature has noted incidences of subtrochanteric atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) in patients who have taken long-term bisphosphonates (BPs). (koreamed.org)
They follow a fall on a flexed elbow or strike on the point of the elbow or in patients with other systemic pathology such as Rheumatoid arthritis or sarcoidosis. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
Background: In this study, a retrospective evaluation was made of patients aged 70 years and over who were applied with proximal-femoral nail (PFN) or calcareous replacement cemented hemiarthroplasty in respect of early and late-stage morbidity and mortality and functional personal independence. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
Methods: The study included a total of 77 patients aged over 70 years with an AO type 31-A1 or 31-A2 fracture. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
The patients were separated into two groups as those applied with proximal femoral nailing and those applied with calcar replacement hemiarthroplasty. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study of 27 patients who underwent ORIF of distal humerus fractures C-type with at least six months of radiographic and clinical follow-up. (sicot-j.org)
This is a single-center retrospective cohort study of 27 consecutive unselected patients who underwent ORIF of distal humerus fractures AO type C between 2007 and 2017. (sicot-j.org)
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This study aims to analyse a subpopulation of patients with severe haemorrhagic shock and a concurrent unstable pelvic ring fracture. (bvsalud.org)
RESULTS The total number of patients with a pelvic ring fracture and concurrent acute phase of decompensated haemorrhagic shock in the period from 2010 to 2019 was 112. (bvsalud.org)
Sometimes patients with wrist fractures can develop acute carpal tunnel syndrome with numbness in the thumb, index and middle fingers. (renoortho.com)

It should be long enough to allow sufficient hold in the proximal and distal segments, generally a minimum of three bicortical screws in each. (aofoundation.org)
If the fracture does not heal, due to repetitive stress to the implant, the implant can break or the screws can loosen. (geisslermd.com)
Distal radius fractures can be fixed with plates and screws or pins. (renoortho.com)

This type of fracture is more prone to infection and requires immediate medical attention. (ryanlisle.com.au)

This fracture occurs most commonly following a fall onto an outstretched hand. (aafp.org)
The fracture generally occurs with the arm in abduction. (teachmeorthopedics.info)

Align the distal fragment to the proximal one. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
Finding a comminuted fracture can be really useful information especially if you have the rare experience of hitting a barrier during a zero position technique - you may have an obstructing fragment. (dislocation.com.au)
An avulsed GT fragment (top picture) has a different mechanism (pull) to a comminuted fracture (impact) and the risk of an underlying fracture line is infinitely higher with the latter type. (dislocation.com.au)
This is usually seen as a subtle lucent line in the antero-inferior '3-6 o'clock' area of the glenoid with an adjacent fracture fragment. (dislocation.com.au)

Neer's anatomic concept for standardizing the terminology of fractures of the proximal humerus. (teachmeorthopedics.info)

The complexity of these injuries is a function of fracture severity (and the associated risk of avascular necrosis), and the difficulty in attaining union of the greater and lesser tuberosities in anatomical position. (scielo.org.za)
Distal humerus fractures in adults are relatively uncommon injuries, representing only about 3% of all fractures in adults. (medscape.com)
Overuse injuries are common cause of stress fractures in athletes. (ryanlisle.com.au)
Pins use smaller incisions and are usually used for less serious injuries or in kids with wrist fractures. (renoortho.com)

therefore, the incidence of these fractures is likely to increase. (medscape.com)

Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fractures, accounting for approximately one-third of all elbow fractures [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the first approach increases unnecessary X-ray exposure and medical costs, and the second method is less feasible in severely comminuted radial head fractures. (biomedcentral.com)
Radial head replacement is now more common and is used to treat complex radial head fractures. (medapparatus.com)

Accurate assessment of the fracture, patient compliance, medical comorbidities, and time from injury to treatment are critical factors affecting outcome. (medscape.com)
The fractures were closed, and there was no neurovascular injury. (biomedcentral.com)
Clavicle fracture, also called broken collarbone is a very common sports injury seen in people who are involved in contact sports such as football and martial arts as well as impact sports such as motor racing. (ryanlisle.com.au)
This injury may be a greenstick, plastic bowing or nondisplaced complete fracture. (aafp.org)
Combined injury of a complex proximal humerus fracture with a glenoid fracture is rare. (cisejournal.org)
Neer divides proximal humeral fractures into six groups, as shown in Fig. 17-1 , and this concept is useful in considering the management of the injury. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
Skull fractures are common in the setting of both closed traumatic brain injury and penetrating brain injury . (radiopaedia.org)
When a fracture is identified, a careful search for adjacent soft tissue injury should be undertaken. (radiopaedia.org)
Skull fractures, if closed and undisplaced, rarely need any direct management, with treatment being aimed at any associated injury (e.g. extradural hematoma). (radiopaedia.org)
However, if your patient has a combination of a clear history of injury (pulling motion in or forced abduction/elevation in zero position), with a clear clinical examination (acromial step, palpable humeral head, intact AC joint, absence of bruising to upper arm) then you should be safe to attempt a technique that does not use traction, forced leveraging or torsion. (dislocation.com.au)

In anterior bridge plating, there are two small incisions made one proximally and one distal to the fracture site. (medresearch.in)

While most simple, minimally or non-displaced fractures can be managed successfully with non-operative means, the more complex three- and four-part displaced fractures remain difficult to treat and have worse outcomes. (scielo.org.za)
In the early 1930s, operative treatment for displaced fractures gained popularity, which continued in the 1940s and 1950s. (medscape.com)
Fractures which are displaced extending into articular surfaces definitely need operative management in form of plating, nailing and external fixator if it is compound in nature [3-8]. (medresearch.in)
If non-operative care is chosen, regular follow-up care for a physical exam and x-rays is important to ensure that the fracture stays in good position and heals appropriately. (renoortho.com)

This method is most commonly used for fractures of the thighbone. (ryanlisle.com.au)
Olecranon fractures are commonly unilateral with bilateral fractures being quite rare (5). (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
They commonly follow a fall on the elbow or a blow on the tip of the elbow. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
Classically the Bankart's lesion is described as separation of the joint capsule and/or labrum from the anteroinferior glenoid rim, however the term is commonly used to refer to bony disruption of the glenoid - the bony Bankart's lesion or Bankart's fracture. (dislocation.com.au)

Epiphyseal fractures are considered separately. (teachmeorthopedics.info)

ABP has definitely advantages over both the techniques as it is minimally invasive, does not damage rotator cuff and no need to open the fracture site. (medresearch.in)
Up to 85% of proximal humerus fractures are displaced minimally and can be treated nonoperatively. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)

The arm of the rotator cuff tendon is destroyed following a fracture of the greater tuberosity of the humerus. (biomedcentral.com)
B) Radiograph of the same patient after allograft reconstruction of the humeral head and reinsertion of the rotator cuff. (beemed.com)
Rotator cuff arthropathy is secondary to a massive tear of the rotator cuff which has allowed the proximal humerus to sit proximally against the acromion. (geisslermd.com)

Contraindications for repair of proximal humerus fractures include inability to tolerate the procedure medically and lack of clearance for surgery through the primary care physician or specialty consultants. (medscape.com)
CT may be helpful in comminuted fractures when surgery is planned. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
The elbows were then immobilized in back slab at 900 of flexion after the surgery. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
Surgery for distal radius fractures may be required depending on the severity of break, location of the affected area and whether or not the fracture is displaced. (renoortho.com)
Distal radius fractures do not always require surgery. (renoortho.com)

The GPC unreamed tibial nails are indicated in Grade 1&2 open tibial fractures, high energy unstable closed fractures and comminuted. (indianorthopaedic.com)

Anatomy21

Diseases43

Chemicals and Drugs4

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Phenomena and Processes8

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science2

Health Care9

Fixation38

Dislocation14

Treatment of proximal humerus fractures3

Greater tuberosity fracture4

Open fracture5

Shoulder16

Bone35

Trauma18

Shaft31

Fragments2

Surgical17

Lateral7

Complex proximal humerus fractures1

Complications8

Classification7

Displacement4

Osteoporosis2

Elderly4

Intramedullary1

Reduction8

Articular fractures2

Aspect of the humeral head1

Osteosynthesis2

Occur5

Supracondylar4

Dislocations5

Epidemiology4

Femur fracture1

Fragility fractures1

Transverse2

Arthroplasty9

Patients17

Screws3

Type of fracture1

Occurs2

Fragment4

Anatomic1

Injuries4

Incidence1

Radial head fractures3

Injury10

Distal to the fracture1

Operative4

Commonly4

Epiphyseal1

Minimally2

Rotator cuff3

Surgery5

Unstable1