AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
ElasticityElasticity Imaging TechniquesElastic ModulusViscosityStress, MechanicalConnectinMicroscopy, Atomic ForceBiomechanical PhenomenaModels, BiologicalTensile StrengthRheologyComputer SimulationHardness TestsElastic TissueUltrasonography, MammaryCompressive StrengthFinite Element AnalysisArteriesModels, ChemicalComplianceElastinModels, TheoreticalHardnessTaxesElastomersAlgorithmsBiophysicsMicroscopy, Scanning ProbeReproducibility of ResultsSurface PropertiesVascular StiffnessTime FactorsNonlinear DynamicsMaterials TestingPressureImage Interpretation, Computer-AssistedGelsPliabilityBiophysical PhenomenaMathematicsAcousticsKineticsThermodynamicsIsodesmosineSensitivity and SpecificitySkin AgingShear StrengthUltrasonicsPhantoms, ImagingMechanicsRadial ArteryModels, StatisticalMechanical ProcessesErythrocyte DeformabilityModels, MolecularDesmosineWaterAcrylic ResinsEntropyMicrofibrilsMyalgiaMembrane FluidityHoof and ClawHydrogelsImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMicroscopy, AcousticUltrasonographyTropoelastinTemperatureMetabolismAnalysis of VarianceLinear ModelsSilkDecanoatesImage EnhancementPolyurethanesMicromanipulationSarcomeresBlood PressureCarotid ArteriesSurface TensionSkin Physiological PhenomenaMuscle ProteinsMolecular ConformationLipid BilayersHydrogelModels, EconometricExtracellular MatrixPolymersModels, CardiovascularAgingMuscle, SkeletalPredictive Value of TestsBiocompatible MaterialsEquipment DesignAnisotropyActinsProspective StudiesPhase TransitionPopulation Growth
Price elasticityModulus of ElasticHydrationArterialShear waveElasticWrinklesSubstitutionRoughnessEstimateDeformationTensorStiffnessTextureRadianceMechanicalReconstructionPorcineRubberStressCharacterizeStrainUncertaintiesSkin parametersProteinEstimatesModelPrincipleMeasurementResultsValuesStudyDependsPropertiesSimulationSoftConstantEnergyBoundMeasuresMaterialApplicationPropertyChoiceDefinitionTestDataChangeProcessInfluence
Price elasticity8
  • Methods In this paper we estimate price elasticity of demand for cigarettes following Deaton demand model and apply it on microdata obtained from the Household Budget Surveys in B&H conducted in 2011 and 2015. (bmj.com)
  • Results Our results show that the price elasticity is statistically significant and amounts to −1.366. (bmj.com)
  • Conclusions We found a negative price elasticity of demand for cigarettes of −1.366. (bmj.com)
  • In order to determine the effect of cigarette prices increase, it is necessary to estimate price elasticity. (bmj.com)
  • 7 Previous research, conducted in low and middle-income countries (LMIC), found that the price elasticity of demand for cigarettes is in the range of −0.5 to −1. (bmj.com)
  • The purpose of our research is to determine the relationship between increase of cigarette prices and demand for cigarettes in B&H. In the absence of sufficiently long-time series data, as it is the situation in B&H, Deaton demand model 9 is a more efficient model for estimating price elasticity of demand for cigarettes than the econometrics model based on the macrolevel data. (bmj.com)
  • Using our item-level approach, we find a price elasticity of around -2 for interested buyers. (nber.org)
  • We use a two-part model to estimate the price elasticity of cigarettes. (bmj.com)
Modulus of Elastic1
Hydration4
  • Intake of the HA solution led to a significant increase in skin elasticity, skin hydration, and to a significant decrease in skin roughness and wrinkle depths. (nih.gov)
  • Both mature and younger skins can benefit from it: tone, elasticity and hydration are strongly enhanced, while wrinkles are definitely reduced/suppressed. (teknoscienze.com)
  • Further, it effectively improves healthy skin parameters, providing significant hydration (+10.6%), tone (+5.1%) and elasticity. (teknoscienze.com)
  • Taking collagen peptides by mouth seems to improve skin hydration and skin elasticity in older people. (medlineplus.gov)
Arterial3
  • Research from the Netherlands showed in 2015 that vitamin K2 improves arterial elasticity, if taken over 3 years. (nethealthbook.com)
  • In elderly hypertensives, arterial stiffening associated with age and hypertension is caused by the disturbance of the normal elasticity of the arterial wall which is a determinant of systolic blood pressure [7]. (who.int)
  • In addition, elderly subjects tend to experience modifications in other cardiovascular and renal parameters that regulate arterial blood pressure, such as increased catecholamine levels, reduced renal blood flow, reduced renal natriuretic capacity, reduced glomerular filtration rate and reduced baroreceptor sensitivity. (who.int)
Shear wave3
  • 1. Ultrasound Shear Wave Simulation of Breast Tumor Using Nonlinear Tissue Elasticity. (nih.gov)
  • 4. Evaluating the feasibility of acoustic radiation force impulse shear wave elasticity imaging of the uterine cervix with an intracavity array: a simulation study. (nih.gov)
  • 19. Material characterization of in vivo and in vitro porcine brain using shear wave elasticity. (nih.gov)
Elastic5
  • These results of the econometric estimate of elasticity of demand are more elastic compared with the results of similar surveys carried out on the sample of low and middle-income countries. (bmj.com)
  • Whenever we discuss the mechanical properties of materials, the important concept to be studied is the elasticity of particular material (elastic properties of materials) that will explain the durability of the material. (vedantu.com)
  • The materials that exhibit elasticity or get deformed are known as the elastic materials and the bodies that will not get deformed are known as rigid bodies . (vedantu.com)
  • Whenever we study the elastic properties or elasticity physics, the first and foremost important concept to be understood is Hooke's law. (vedantu.com)
  • Pasquale Ciarletta at the Université Paris 6 and his collaborators modeled the two inner layers of tubular tissue-the endoderm and the mesoderm-as concentric, thick elastic tubes, and treated the thicknesses, elasticities, and growth rates as variables. (aps.org)
Wrinkles3
  • After one month, wrinkles appear diminished by 24%(3), the skin's elasticity is improved by 17%(3), and the complexion looks 17%(3) more radiant. (chanel.com)
  • Wrinkles appear reduced by 24%(6), the skin's elasticity is improved by 77%(6), and the complexion looks 87%(6) more radiant. (chanel.com)
  • With numerical simulations, the team mapped out the wrinkles, folds, and protrusions that can form in the endoderm layer for different relative radii and elasticities of the two tubes. (aps.org)
Substitution3
  • We then use aggregated data to estimate cross-state substitution parameters, and substitution between offline and online purchases, relying on the variation in state and local sales taxes, and on changes in these rates over time. (nber.org)
  • Though risk aversion and the elasticity of intertemporal substitution have been the subjects of careful scrutiny, the long-run risks literature as well as the broader literature using recursive utility to address asset pricing puzzles have ignored the full implications of their parameter specifications. (repec.org)
  • This paper demonstrates CIMS� direct utility for policy analysis, and also how it can be used to better estimate the long run capital-forenergy substitution elasticity (ESUB) and autonomous energy efficiency index (AEEI) technology parameters used in top-down models. (iaee.org)
Roughness3
  • We analyzed the surface roughness to optimize the probe size, and performed high-resolution (1 μm) elasticity mapping on thin (∼12 μm), epiphyseal newborn mouse cartilage sections cut parallel to the bone longitudinal axis or normal to the articular surface. (nih.gov)
  • Our novel data analysis method introduces a virtual contact point as a fitting parameter for the Hertz model, to minimize the effects of surface roughness and corrects for the finite section thickness. (nih.gov)
  • In our practice study, we evaluated the effect of an oral HA preparation diluted in a cascade-fermented organic whole food concentrate supplemented with biotin, vitamin C, copper, and zinc (Regulatpro Hyaluron) on skin moisture content, elasticity, skin roughness, and wrinkle depths. (nih.gov)
Estimate4
  • Deaton model uses within-cluster information to estimate total expenditure elasticities and then uses between-cluster information to estimate price elasticities. (bmj.com)
  • First, we prove an estimate for the difference between the fitted lattice parameters of points of low energy density that are sufficiently close to each other. (mpg.de)
  • We use millions of location "surprises" to estimate price elasticities with respect to the effective sales tax. (nber.org)
  • By running CIMS under several possible energy price futures and observing their effects on capital and energy input shares and energy consumption, we estimate an economy-wide ESUB of 0.26 and an AEEI of 0.57%, with significant sectoral differences for both parameters. (iaee.org)
Deformation4
  • With an increase in plastic deformation, the cohesive strength parameters c and k firstly increase to a peak value and then decrease. (hindawi.com)
  • Elasticity is a property of matter that explains the deformation of materials. (vedantu.com)
  • 13. Quantitative three-dimensional elasticity imaging from quasi-static deformation: a phantom study. (nih.gov)
  • We assessed biophysical parameters (elasticity, deformation, and adhesion) of 130 CTCs isolated from blood samples from five castration sensitive (CS) and 12 castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPCa) patients. (nih.gov)
Tensor4
  • A minimal description of a constitutive law relating the stress and strain in the anisotropic material requires a rank-4 anisotropic elasticity tensor (E-tensor). (nih.gov)
  • The E-tensor has a number of free parameters ranging from 2 to 21 depending on the degree of material symmetry - instead of the 1-parameter isotropic scalar shear modulus used in conventional methods. (nih.gov)
  • It allows reconstruction of a full rank-4 anisotropic elasticity tensor (E-tensor). (nih.gov)
  • Also, it includes a family of new intrinsic, invariant stains or parameters to characterize different features of the measured E-tensor. (nih.gov)
Stiffness2
  • The device applied 10 mechanical impulses at one second intervals, producing damped oscillations, from which frequency (non-neural tone), stiffness and logarithmic decrement (elasticity) were measured. (myoton.com)
  • Symmetry of BB mechanical properties in a group of older males was less than 15% for tone and stiffness but not elasticity. (myoton.com)
Texture1
  • We investigate one of the important characteristics of extrudates, mechanical hardness, which is one of the main texture parameters. (ias.ac.in)
Radiance2
  • 4) Statistical calculation using clinical evaluation parameters: under-eye wrinkle visibility, radiance, appearance of pores, elasticity, and plump appearance of skin. (chanel.com)
  • The intended purpose of the Hydragel A1 device is to improve facial skin quality such as skin elasticity or firmness and facial skin radiance. (who.int)
Mechanical1
Reconstruction2
  • 14. A constrained reconstruction technique of hyperelasticity parameters for breast cancer assessment. (nih.gov)
  • 3. Choose a method for MRE elasticity reconstruction. (nih.gov)
Porcine1
  • Results from phantom and ex-vivo porcine liver experiments demonstrate the feasibility of measuring frequency-dependent non-linear parameters using the proposed method. (uzh.ch)
Rubber5
  • Rubber elasticity refers to a property of crosslinked rubber: it can be stretched by up to a factor of 10 from its original length and, when released, returns very nearly to its original length. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Rubber elasticity is produced by several complex molecular processes and its explanation requires a knowledge of advanced mathematics, chemistry and statistical physics, particularly the concept of entropy. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Bungee Jump with Hysteresis JavaScript Model adds elasticity and energy losses in rubber bands to the orginal Bungee Jump Model. (compadre.org)
  • In the finite element model, composite reinforcement plies have been characterized by linear orthotropic material model, while rubber liners have been described by a two - parameter MooneyRivlin model. (scirp.org)
  • The numerical model is finite element model, the utilized material model is linear orthotropic with respect to the reinforcement plies and 2 parameter Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic model as regards rubber liners. (scirp.org)
Stress2
  • and c which act as elasticity parameter and a boundary stress, respectively. (scirp.org)
  • The change in parameters depends upon the ratio of applied stress to the resulting strain. (vedantu.com)
Characterize1
  • In this work, we characterize the non-linear parameters of tissue as a function of excitation frequency by utilizing both AE and SSWE together. (uzh.ch)
Strain2
  • 15. Ex vivo and in vivo assessment of the non-linearity of elasticity properties of breast tissues for quantitative strain elastography. (nih.gov)
  • 18. A new nonlinear parameter in the developed strain-to-applied strain of the soft tissues and its application in ultrasound elasticity imaging. (nih.gov)
Uncertainties1
  • The results indicated that EFPP performed equally well with FCCP in addressing parameter uncertainties, but it demonstrated a wider applicability due to its extended capacity of handling fuzzy relationships in the model constraints. (hindawi.com)
Skin parameters1
  • Different skin parameters were objectively assessed before the first intake, after 20 and after 40 days. (nih.gov)
Protein1
  • Automatic biochemical analyzer to Vitalab 210 were set the following parameters: total protein, glucose, transaminases (AST, ALT), bilirubin and creatinine. (europa.eu)
Estimates1
  • We also show how empirically derived estimates of parameter uncertainty can be propagated through the model to provide uncertainty estimates for major model outputs. (iaee.org)
Model7
  • The constant elasticity of variance (CEV) process provides an alternative to the lognormal model for equity prices. (maplesoft.com)
  • The above-mentioned fuzzy approaches have specific scopes of applicability, in the sense of handling (i) fuzziness in objective function and/or constraints and (ii) fuzziness of relationship and/or model parameters. (hindawi.com)
  • A new model of soft, tubular tissue explains the growth of many of the structures found in the inner lining of tube-shaped organs using only parameters related to the tube's elasticity and geometry. (aps.org)
  • The aim of this paper is to present finite element model of a filament-wound composite tube subjected to three-point bending and bending in accordance with standard EN 15807:2011 (railway applications-pneumatic half couplings) along with its experimental verification. (scirp.org)
  • The current article is a verification of the material model of the composite hose, described thoroughly in [4] , based on three-point bending and standard bending test in accordance with EN 15807:2011. (scirp.org)
  • The results provide behavioral parameters for the CIMS energy-economy model. (iaee.org)
  • N00004 Mechanics (MBS): In the contact model Circle-Line, the parameter autoUpdateRef2 was replaced by an internal setting. (xooit.com)
Principle2
  • According to the measurement principle of thrombus elasticity, a kind of supporting structure for the thromboelastography is designed. (atlantis-press.com)
  • Both nonsupervised hierarchical clustering and principle component analysis show that three combined nanomechanical parameters could constitute a valuable set to distinguish between CSPCa and CRPCa. (nih.gov)
Measurement1
Results1
Values4
  • These findings indicate potential clinical application of the MyotonPRO for assessing abnormalities of muscle parameters in patients with neurological or musculoskeletal conditions, using comparison with the contralateral side (absolute difference), as well as databases of normative reference values from healthy control groups of different ages, gender and activity levels. (myoton.com)
  • To extract elasticity values for the bulk matrix which are not obfuscated by the indeterminate surface layer, we developed a novel experimental and data analysis methodology. (nih.gov)
  • Study Figure 5-11, and list all the initialization parameters with the values you can determine from the figure. (brainmass.com)
  • The values of the parameters are typical for a toy-doll bungee jump student activity. (compadre.org)
Study1
  • To bridge the gap between the wide application and insufficient knowledge of strength parameters of the Drucker-Prager criterion, this study presents experimentally calibrated strength parameters of this criterion for the first time. (hindawi.com)
Depends1
  • The approximating discrete system depends only on parameters of the differential equation. (scirp.org)
Properties2
  • This revolutionary tonometry method allows physicians to obtain intraocular pressure without influence of central corneal thickness (CCT) and other known and unknown biometric properties and parameters of the cornea. (express-press-release.net)
  • Parameters such as membrane elasticity, rigidity and other biomechanical properties can influence the accuracy of the intraocular pressure readings. (express-press-release.net)
Simulation1
  • By Simulink simulation, the appropriate PID parameters are found, and make the system's control work well. (atlantis-press.com)
Soft1
  • The brow lift operation aims to correct the loss of soft tissue elasticity in the upper third of the face, which may lead to ptosis of the brow and hypertonicity of the frontalis, corrugator supercilii, and procerus muscles with subsequent wrinkling of the forehead (see the image below). (medscape.com)
Constant3
  • The parameters mu , sigma and beta can be any algebraic expressions but must be constant if the process is to be simulated. (maplesoft.com)
  • constant) For Px=2, Qx=8-2*2=4 (keeping the other parameters constant) For Px=3, Qx=8-2*3=2 (keeping the other parameters constant) For Px=4, Qx=8-2*4=0 (keeping the other parameters constant) Now we can plot the curve. (brainmass.com)
  • Depending on the magnitude of the elasticity, service attributes are classified into 3 categories: attributes with diminishing, constant, or increasing returns to overall evaluation. (jmir.org)
Energy2
  • The lattice parameters are used as an argument of a non-linear elasticity energy functional. (mpg.de)
  • Furthermore, we use the fitted lattice parameters as local Lagrangian coordinates and bound the energy from below with a functional of these coordinates. (mpg.de)
Bound1
  • Subprograms call statements must include the name of the subprogram and a list of parameters to be bound to the formal parameters of the subprogram. (brainmass.com)
Measures1
  • Elasticities are estimated from regression models with perceived attribute quality as explanatory variables and overall evaluation measures as dependent variables. (jmir.org)
Material1
  • Such a property of a material by virtue of which the body tends to regain its original shape, size as a result of removal of external forces is known as the elasticity. (vedantu.com)
Application1
  • We explore here the application of discrete choice research and modeling to the empirical estimation of key behavioral parameters representing technology choice in hybrid models. (iaee.org)
Property2
  • The property of matter by virtue of which the materials retain their original shape and size after removing deforming forces is known as elasticity. (vedantu.com)
  • Now let us have a look at what is elasticity in physics, so elasticity is a property of matter by virtue of which the materials retain their original shape and size after removing deforming forces, this is the elasticity definition of physics. (vedantu.com)
Choice1
Definition1
  • The definition of the fuzzy parameters in FMP has less strict data requirement than that of stochastic ones, and the fuzzy parameters contain richer distribution information than interval numbers [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Test2
  • However, when the Drucker-Prager criterion is used for numerical analysis, no test parameters are available for the coefficient of pressure sensitivity and the shearing cohesion k . (hindawi.com)
  • After 28 and 56 days of treatment with the ingredient at 1% in a test cream, volunteers' skin elasticity parameters were evaluated. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
Data1
  • There is no data to support the specific parameter used, the modelers admit that the way it has been implemented is far from ideal, and the assumption that there is zero carbon loss when fallow areas are returned to agricultural production is generally not correct. (theicct.org)
Change1
  • Instructors can change the parameters of the utility functions and production functions as they wish. (economicsnetwork.ac.uk)
Process1
  • These attributes are narrowly related to, and affected by, the process parameters. (ias.ac.in)
Influence1