• It is characterized pathologically by generalized arterial calcification within the internal elastic lamina, associated with intimal fibrous proliferation. (nih.gov)
  • It is unclear whether Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis is a distinct entity or forms part of a spectrum of vascular calcification that includes atherosclerosis and calcification in the inner layer of the artery wall (tunica intima), calcification of the internal elastic lamina, calcification of cardiac valves and widespread soft tissue calcification. (wikipedia.org)
  • The existence of Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis has been disputed and it has been proposed that it is a part of a continuum of atherosclerotic disease: the majority of atherosclerotic plaques contain some calcium deposits and calcification of the internal elastic lamina is common in pathological specimens labelled as Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • However studies in animals suggest that a predominantly medial pattern of vascular calcification reflects different underlying mechanisms of disease, and despite involvement of the internal elastic lamina, evidence of inflammation is rare in Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Idiopathic arterial calcification is primarily a disease of infancy. (nih.gov)
  • However, it can occur in pseudoxanthoma elasticum and idiopathic arterial calcification of infancy as a pathological condition, as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • Generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is a disorder affecting the circulatory system that becomes apparent before birth or within the first few months of life. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Typically calcification is observed in the arteries of the upper and lower limb although it has been seen in numerous other medium size arteries. (wikipedia.org)
  • Histologically, degenerative changes and calcifications of the elastic tissues in the skin and arteries are present. (medscape.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Elastic arteries stiffen via 2 main mechanisms: (1) load-dependent stiffening from higher blood pressure and (2) structural stiffening due to changes in the vessel wall. (bvsalud.org)
  • This is probably due to vascular calcification causing increased arterial stiffness, increased pulse pressure and resulting in exaggerated damage to the heart and kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
  • Peterson's elastic modulus was calculated to represent total arterial stiffness. (bvsalud.org)
  • Structural stiffness was calculated by adjusting Peterson's elastic modulus to a standard blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg with participant-specific models. (bvsalud.org)
  • Peterson and Young elastic moduli were calculated to represent total stiffness. (bvsalud.org)
  • With combustible tobacco smoking, oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular stiffness are key components in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • RESEARCH QUESTION: What is the differential acute effect of e-hookah vaping vs combustible hookah smoking on oxidation, inflammation, and arterial stiffness? (bvsalud.org)
  • Microscopic investigation revealed a generalized arterial calcification of all organs. (nih.gov)
  • People with GACI may also have calcification in other organs and tissues, particularly around the joints. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Radiographs may show calcifications of the soft tissue. (medscape.com)
  • Formal diagnosis of NSF is usually made with a deep skin biopsy, which may show thickened collagen bundles with surrounding clefts, mucin deposition, and proliferation of fibroblasts and elastic fibers. (medscape.com)
  • PXE is characterized by the accumulation of calcium and other minerals (mineralization) in elastic fibers, which are a component of connective tissue. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired, multisystemic disorder characterized by recurrent thromboses in the arterial system, venous system, or both. (medscape.com)
  • The primary diagnostic criteria include arterial thrombosis, venous thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss, and thrombocytopenia. (medscape.com)
  • Vascular calcification results from the deposition of calcium phosphate crystals (hydroxyapatite) as a consequence of disordered calcium phosphate regulation in the blood vessel. (wikipedia.org)
  • It has generalized effects on the elastin fibrils in the dermis, arterial walls, heart, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and Bruch membrane, resulting in mineralization and deposition of phosphorus. (medscape.com)
  • Idiopathic: In 50% of patients with angioid streaks, no associated systemic disease is present. (medscape.com)
  • This calcification often occurs along with thickening of the lining of the arterial walls (the intima). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Differentiating these closely coupled mechanisms is important to understanding vascular aging. (bvsalud.org)
  • Noninflammatory vascular thrombosis is the most frequent finding in skin lesions of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Indications for immunotherapy are limited to systemic lupus erythematous or catastrophic vascular occlusion syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Epidemiological studies have used the ratio of ankle to brachial blood pressure (ankle brachial pressure index, ABPI or ABI) as an indicator of arterial calcification with ABPI >1.3 to >1.5 being used as a diagnostic criterion depending on the study. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pyrophosphate is important in controlling calcification and other mineralization in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In older patients, peripheral retinal scars and calcifications can be seen. (medscape.com)
  • 4) Even this approximation may be high in light of recent reports implicating biliary microlithiasis and biliary sludge as etiologic in patients believed to have idiopathic pancreatitis. (the-medical-dictionary.com)
  • Port-wine stains are capillary vascular malformations that are present at birth and that manifest. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A flap can be transferred from a donor site to a recipient site (free flap), with surgical development of a new vascular supply, or it can be rotated into position, with its vascular supply maintained through a pedicle connected to the donor site. (radiologykey.com)
  • Idiopathic infantile arterial calcification (IIAC) is a rare hereditary, fatal disease. (nih.gov)
  • Idiopathic infantile arterial calcification: the spectrum of clinical presentations. (nih.gov)
  • Idiopathic infantile arterial calcification: unusual features. (nih.gov)
  • Two cases of idiopathic infantile arterial calcification. (nih.gov)
  • IIAC is characterized by calcifications along the internal elastic membrane and proliferation of the intimal layer of muscular arteries. (nih.gov)
  • Although genetic conditions are associated with increased risk of aneurysm development (see below), most intracranial aneurysms probably result from hemodynamically induced degenerative vascular injury. (medscape.com)
  • People with GACI may also have calcification in other organs and tissues, particularly around the joints. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mutations in the ENPP1 gene are thought to result in reduced availability of pyrophosphate, leading to excessive calcification in the body and causing the signs and symptoms of GACI. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Port-wine stains are capillary vascular malformations that are present at birth and that manifest. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Middle-aged adults can start to be affected by some arterial diseases, such as abdominal aortic or popliteal artery aneurysms, lower extremity arterial disease, internal carotid or renal artery or subclavian artery stenosis. (preprints.org)
  • PXE is characterized by the accumulation of calcium and other minerals (mineralization) in elastic fibers, which are a component of connective tissue. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Pyrophosphate is important in controlling calcification and other mineralization in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • He focused on researching genetic and molecular mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and has devoted his clinical practice to diagnosis and management of these conditions. (stanford.edu)
  • Saccular (berry) aneurysm - sac-like bulging on one side of an artery usually arising at an arterial branching. (sonsa.org)
  • Saccular aneurysms are rounded berrylike outpouchings that arise from arterial bifurcation points, most commonly in the circle of Willis (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • These are true aneurysms-that is, they are dilatations of a vascular lumen caused by weakness of all vessel-wall layers. (medscape.com)
  • The existence of Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis has been disputed and it has been proposed that it is a part of a continuum of atherosclerotic disease: the majority of atherosclerotic plaques contain some calcium deposits and calcification of the internal elastic lamina is common in pathological specimens labelled as Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Granuloma Annulare Granuloma annulare is a benign, chronic, idiopathic condition characterized by papules or nodules that expand peripherally to form a ring around normal or slightly depressed skin. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The internal elastic membrane is reduced or absent, and the media ends at the junction of the aneurysm neck with the parent vessel. (medscape.com)
  • However, in sickle cell disease, Bruch membrane calcification is not a common part of the pathology. (medscape.com)
  • Hydroxyapatite is secreted in vesicles that bleb out from vascular smooth muscle cells or pericytes in the arterial wall. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mechanism of vascular calcification is not fully understood, but probably involves a phenotypic change in the vascular smooth muscle cells in the wall with activation of bone-forming programs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies have found scant evidence for congenital, developmental, or inherited weakness of the arterial wall. (medscape.com)