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TransportersPolar transportTransporterBasipetal auxin transportArabidopsis PIN1PIN1Direction of auxinCarriersHormone auxinPolarityFluxesRegulationPhosphorylationMechanismCanalization2021MaximaApicalCytokininsABCBTransportTissuesModulatesLateral root emergenceDevelopmentalPIN3BiphasicAdvancesRegulate2022FamilyRegulatoryActivityPlantRootResponseInteractions
Transporters10
  • The polar transport of auxin mainly depends on three transporters: AUX/LAX, PIN and ABCB protein families. (chinbullbotany.com)
  • PIN1/2/3/4/7 in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana) localize at the plasma membrane (PM) where they serve as secondary active transporters involved in the efflux of auxin. (wikipedia.org)
  • The PM-localized PIN proteins physically interact with a few members of the large PGP family of transporters that also work as auxin efflux carriers (PGP1 and PGP19 in Arabidopsis). (wikipedia.org)
  • Activities of pH and auxin reporters indicate that ammonium uptake mediated by ammonium transporters acidifies the root apoplast, which increases pH-dependent import of protonated auxin into cortical and epidermal cells overlaying lateral root primordia, and subsequently promotes their emergence from the parental root. (nature.com)
  • Auxin gradients are established and maintained by polarized distribution of auxin transporters that undergo constitutive endocytic recycling from the PM (plasma membrane) and are essential for the gravitropic response in plants. (portlandpress.com)
  • Over the years we have been focusing on the characterization of ABCB-type auxin transporters, belonging to the superfamily of ABC transporters. (unifr.ch)
  • Using a combination of biochemical, in silico and imaging techniques, we are currently deciphering their individual modes of regulation, their functional interaction with other transporters and regulatory components and their impact on auxin-mediated plant physiology with an emphasis on root gravitropism. (unifr.ch)
  • The TWD1-ACTIN7 module controls plasma membrane presence of efflux transporters and as a consequence act7 and twd1 share developmental and physiological phenotypes indicative of defects in auxin transport. (unifr.ch)
  • In an ESA-funded project in collaboration with Dr. Marcel Egli (HSLU) we are currently imaging auxin gradients and expression of auxin transporters under microgravity conditions using a so-called Random Positioning Machine. (unifr.ch)
  • The PIN-FORMED family of auxin transporters were first identified through genetic screens of Arabidopsis thaliana in the 1980s. (plantae.org)
Polar transport2
  • Auxin polar transport regulates plant growth and development. (chinbullbotany.com)
  • Here we reviewed the research progress of PIN protein in Arabidopsis thaliana and cereal crops from the aspects of protein structure, activity regulation and functional verification to provide new ideas and clues for exploring the auxin polar transport mediated by PIN protein family. (chinbullbotany.com)
Transporter2
  • We have provided evidence that the ABC transporter ABCG36/PDR8/PEN3 catalyses the export of the auxin precursor, IBA. (unifr.ch)
  • Although leaf angle quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been previously reported, only the Dwarf3 ( Dw3 ) auxin transporter gene, colocalizing with a major-effect QTL on chromosome 7, has been validated. (biomedcentral.com)
Basipetal auxin transport1
  • PIN2 proteins mediate basipetal auxin transport from the root tip via the epidermis as well as acropetal auxin transport in cortex. (biomedcentral.com)
Arabidopsis PIN12
  • Structural insights into auxin recognition and efflux by Arabidopsis PIN1. (nih.gov)
  • The hydrophilic loop of Arabidopsis PIN1 auxin efflux carrier harbors hallmarks of an intrinsically disordered protein. (ista.ac.at)
PIN13
  • A comparison between the thermal and the phosphoproteomes of bikinin revealed the auxin efflux carrier PIN-FORMED1 (PIN1) as a substrate of the Arabidopsis GSK3s that negatively regulate the brassinosteroid signaling. (ugent.be)
  • We established that PIN1 phosphorylation by the GSK3s is essential for maintaining its intracellular polarity that is required for auxin-mediated regulation of vascular patterning in the leaf, thus revealing cross-talk between brassinosteroid and auxin signaling. (ugent.be)
  • In particular, the PIN1, PIN3, PIN4, and PIN7 proteins provide for a continuous auxin flow along the apical-basal root axis via the vascular system to the QC cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Direction of auxin2
  • The direction of auxin flow between cells is closely related to the polar localization of PIN proteins in cells. (chinbullbotany.com)
  • Auxin concentration affects the morphological establishment of plant body and its organs, while PIN (PINFORMED) proteins determine the direction of auxin stream within tissues. (chinbullbotany.com)
Carriers3
  • We show that the progress of the apical hook through these developmental phases depends on the dynamic, asymmetric distribution of auxin , which is regulated by auxin efflux carriers of the PIN family . (bvsalud.org)
  • The mechanism is based on auxin's known activation and inhibition of expressed PIN family auxin carriers at low and high auxin levels, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Petrášek J. Correlative Light-Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy of Plasma Membrane Efflux Carriers of Plant Hormone Auxin. (isibrno.cz)
Hormone auxin2
Polarity1
  • Furthermore, mutant displays reduced expression of auxin reporter, Direct Repeat-5 (DR5), and alterations in polarity and abundance of auxin efflux carrier PIN- FORMED2 (PIN2). (ncbs.res.in)
Fluxes2
  • Several PIN proteins exhibited specific, partially overlapping spatial and temporal expression patterns, and their subcellular localization suggested auxin fluxes during hook development. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cell surface and intracellular auxin signalling for H + fluxes in root growth. (nih.gov)
Regulation3
  • This ethylene effect is in part mediated by regulation of PIN-dependent auxin efflux and auxin signaling. (bvsalud.org)
  • Down-regulation of a single auxin efflux transport protein in tomato induces precocious fruit development. (mpg.de)
  • TWD1 serves as a chaperone during ER to PM secretion of auxin-transporting ABCBs: in analogy to regulation of Cystic Fibrosis Conductance Regulator (CFTR/ABCC7) by human FKBP38, ABCBs are degraded in the absence of TWD1/FKBP42. (unifr.ch)
Phosphorylation1
  • ABP1-TMK auxin perception for global phosphorylation and auxin canalization. (nih.gov)
Mechanism5
  • This process, called polar auxin transport (PAT), represents a unique, plant-specific mechanism that has puzzled mankind since its first description by the Darwins. (unifr.ch)
  • We propose a reflected flow mechanism for the formation of the auxin maximum in the root apical meristem. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We present here a plausible mechanism for auxin patterning along the developing root, that may provide for self-organization of the distal auxin maximum when the reverse fountain has not yet been formed or has been disrupted. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, the proximal maxima are formed under the reflected flow mechanism in response to periods of increasing auxin flow from the growing shoot. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Another outcome of the reflected flow mechanism - the predominance of lateral or adventitious roots in different plant species - may be based on the different efficiencies with which auxin inhibits its own transport in different species, thereby distinguishing two main types of plant root architecture: taproot vs. fibrous. (biomedcentral.com)
Canalization1
  • Auxin canalization: From speculative models toward molecular players. (ista.ac.at)
20212
  • Advances in Auxin Efflux Carrier PIN Proteins[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2021, 56(2): 151-165. (chinbullbotany.com)
  • https://plantae.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/sibaji-auxin.jpg 294 169 Sibaji Sanyal https://plantae.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ASPB-LOGO-Full-Name-RGB-1.png Sibaji Sanyal 2022-03-04 04:36:21 2022-03-04 04:36:21 Review. (plantae.org)
Maxima1
Apical2
  • Role of PIN-mediated auxin efflux in apical hook development of Arabidopsis thaliana. (bvsalud.org)
  • Differential growth at the apical hook proceeds in three sequential steps that are regulated by multiple hormones , principally auxin and ethylene. (bvsalud.org)
Cytokinins1
  • This is one of the critical stages of embryogenesis, when an immature embryo becomes independent of some physiological factors, in particular, hormones (mainly auxins, cytokinins, and ABA) of a maternal organism. (springer.com)
ABCB1
  • In contrast to PIN-proteins, ABCB function as ATP-dependent, auxin pumps enabling them to transport auxin against steep gradient. (unifr.ch)
Transport4
  • The PM-localized PIN proteins show asymmetrical localisations on the membrane and are therefore responsible for polar auxin transport. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, our focus lies in exploring the individual roles of transport proteins driving the fascinating polar, cell-to-cell movement of the plant signaling compound, auxin. (unifr.ch)
  • Moreover, TWD1 is required for actin cytoskeleton remodeling by the auxin transport inhibitor, NPA (1-N-naphthylphthalamic acid). (unifr.ch)
  • However, accumulating evidence concerning the primary role of auxin transport in both processes (reviewed in [ 2 ]) suggests that they can be united into a single system, the structural features and dynamics of which can be described by one mathematical model. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissues1
  • In nitrogen-deficient plants, auxin also accumulates in the root vasculature but a more alkaline apoplast leads to retention of auxin in these tissues and prevents lateral root formation. (nature.com)
Modulates1
  • Fig. 2: N nutrition modulates apoplastic pH and radial auxin distribution in lateral roots. (nature.com)
Lateral root emergence1
  • Here, we show that local ammonium supply stimulates the accumulation of shoot-derived auxin in the root vasculature and promotes lateral root emergence to build a highly branched root system. (nature.com)
Developmental1
  • Our new preprint "Ectopic assembly of an auxin efflux control machinery shifts developmental trajectories" features the final piece of @biochechu's Ph.D. produced with support from @MarhavaPetra and our marvelous collaborators @aadavilla & @PetrasekLab! (unil.ch)
PIN31
  • PIN3 and PIN7 are also involved in the lateral redistribution of auxin in the root cap. (biomedcentral.com)
Biphasic1
  • RALF1 peptide triggers biphasic root growth inhibition upstream of auxin biosynthesis. (ista.ac.at)
Advances1
  • Auxin signaling: Research advances over the past 30 years. (ista.ac.at)
Regulate1
  • These PIN proteins regulate the partitioning of auxin within the cell. (wikipedia.org)
20221
  • Proteome-wide cellular thermal shift assay reveals unexpected cross-talk between brassinosteroid and auxin signaling," PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA , vol. 119, no. 11, 2022. (ugent.be)
Family1
  • Phosphosites in the linker region of BRX family proteins determine whether or not their association with the plasma membrane association is sensitive to auxin. (unil.ch)
Regulatory3
  • Our study highlights the impact of externally available nitrogen forms on pH-dependent radial auxin mobility and its regulatory function in organ development. (nature.com)
  • Our special interest lies in the physical and functional interaction between the auxin exporter, ABCB1, and its regulatory interacting protein, the FKBP42, TWISTED DWARF1 (TWD1). (unifr.ch)
  • Simulations showed that these regulatory interactions are sufficient for self-organization of the auxin distribution pattern along the central root axis under varying conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
Activity1
  • Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors in plants. (nih.gov)
Plant2
Root4
  • Fig. 1: Shoot-derived auxin is critical for higher-order lateral root branching in presence of ammonium. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 3: Lowering pH restores radial auxin diffusion and higher-order lateral root branching under N deficiency. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 4: N-dependent response of lateral root development to external auxin. (nature.com)
  • The mathematical model was extended with rules for discontinuous cell dynamics so that cell divisions were also governed by auxin, and by another morphogen Division Factor which combines the actions of cytokinin and ethylene on cell division in the root. (biomedcentral.com)
Response1
  • Based on these results,we reason that BoPID might play a role in regulating calcium response to auxin through interacting with BoSPx,BoCML12 and BoCaM2 in the process of self-incompatibility. (ahs.ac.cn)
Interactions1
  • These interactions result in a synergistic increase in auxin efflux. (wikipedia.org)