Efficacy alkylating agents. Medical search. Frequent questions

The oral alkylating agent temozolomide is approved for the treatment of patients with glioblastoma and patients with refractory anaplastic astrocytoma who have experienced disease progression on a drug regimen containing nitrosourea and procarbazine (Matulane). (cancernetwork.com)
Because MGMT plays a role in the repair of DNA damage that is caused by alkylating agents, it is known that epigenetic MGMT silencing represents a mechanism of synthetic lethality following temozolomide exposure. (cancernetwork.com)
Efficacy of nivolumab and temozolomide in extensive stage small cell lung cancer after chemo immunotherapy. (cancernetwork.com)
It is common that patients with GBM exhibit innate or acquired resistance to temozolomide (TMZ), a standard chemotherapeutic agent for GBM, and a previous report demonstrated that miRNA‑233 (miR‑223) promotes the growth and invasion of GBM cells by targeting tumor suppressor paired box 6 (PAX6). (spandidos-publications.com)
Surgery with maximum feasible resection, radiotherapy and treatment with alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ) are standard treatments for GBM ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
BACKGROUND: Temozolomide (TMZ) treatment efficacy in glioblastoma (GBM) patients has been limited by resistance in the clinic. (bvsalud.org)
Alkylating agents, such as temozolomide, are among the most effective cytotoxic agents used for malignant gliomas, but responses remain very poor. (aacrjournals.org)
Our study suggests that clinical efficacy of temozolomide might be improved by combination with IFN-β using appropriate doses and schedules of administration. (aacrjournals.org)
For instance, temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating agent often used in conjunction with radiotherapy in treatment of GBM [2], displays limited efficacy in many cases. (rockstarsagainstliveearth.com)

Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents or alkylating agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen. (wikipedia.org)
The connotation of the word chemotherapy excludes more selective agents that block extracellular signals (signal transduction). (wikipedia.org)
The mainstay of treatment for indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is an anti-CD20 antibody rituximab in combination with chemotherapy consisting of alkylating agents, anthracyclines, antimitotic agents, or purine analogues. (esmo.org)
Moving from early studies exploring the genetic bases of individual predisposition to severe toxicities from chemotherapy agents [i.e. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or irinotecan] in mCRC patients, the introduction of targeted agents such as anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) drugs, has prompted the discovery of predictive molecular biomarkers (i.e. (oaepublish.com)
This is a global, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two arm, Phase II study of the PI3Kδ inhibitor ME-401 in subjects with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma after failure of at least two prior lines of systemic therapy which must have included an anti-CD20 antibody and chemotherapy with an alkylating agent or a purine analogue. (pbi.org.au)
[ 1 , 2 ] This agent is approved for combination chemotherapy with paclitaxel and cisplatin or with paclitaxel and topotecan. (medscape.com)
Approval was based on the GOG-0240 study (n = 452) that assessed the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab plus chemotherapy (paclitaxel and cisplatin or paclitaxel and topotecan) in women with persistent, recurrent or metastatic carcinoma of the cervix. (medscape.com)

Approval was based on the multicenter ELARA trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03568461) in patients who were refractory or relapsed within 6 months after completion of at least two lines of systemic therapy (including an anti-CD20 antibody and an alkylating agent) or who relapsed after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. (ascopost.com)

ZUMA-5 is an ongoing, single-arm, open-label, multicenter trial evaluating 146 patients (≥18 years old) with relapsed or refractory iNHL, who received at least two prior lines of systemic therapy, including the combination of an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and an alkylating agent. (gilead.com)
ZYNLONTA is a CD19-directed antibody and alkylating agent conjugate indicated for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma after two or more lines of systemic therapy, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) not otherwise specified, DLBCL arising from low-grade lymphoma, and high-grade B-cell lymphoma. (nih.gov)

Traditional chemotherapeutic agents are cytotoxic by means of interfering with cell division (mitosis) but cancer cells vary widely in their susceptibility to these agents. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, we recommend that STZ, which is the only cytotoxic agent available against NET, should be used in daily practice in Japan. (cancerindex.org)
Despite being highly cytotoxic, their clinical efficacy is limited by mechanisms of chemotherapeutic resistance within cancer cells, which contributes to poor patient outcome. (edu.au)

Combination therapies involving melphalan, a small-molecule DNA alkylating agent, are commonly prescribed to patients with relapsed or refractory MM, necessitating the stratification of responding patients to minimize toxicities and improve quality of life. (snmjournals.org)
One of the main therapies used for MM is the small-molecule alkylating agent melphalan ( 5 - 7 ). (snmjournals.org)
However, melphalan efficacy is variable in the clinical population, especially in relapsed and refractory MM, and is also implicated in various toxicities, including severe mucositis and myelosuppression. (snmjournals.org)
The use of intravitreal melphalan was first introduced by Kaneko and Suzuki in the 1990s, (1) , and has been widely used in retinoblastoma centers all over the world after many reports demonstrated the drug efficacy and safety. (aboonline.org.br)
Panobinostat is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that has shown synergistic preclinical anti-myeloma activity when combined with other agents, recently exhibiting synergy with the alkylating agent melphalan (Sanchez et al. (dryouramnassirmd.com)
This phase 1/2 trial investigated the safety and efficacy of panobinostat in combination with melphalan for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients. (dryouramnassirmd.com)

A Phase 3 study comparing the efficacy and safety of IberDd versus DVd in participants with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). (pbi.org.au)

and miscellaneous agents, which include a number of recently developed drugs such as monoclonal antibodies. (savedelicious.com)
Additionally, the advent of improved immunotoxins, alkylating agents, monoclonal antibodies and multidrug-resistant modulators is another major growth-inducing factor. (datamintelligence.com)
Therapies tested include traditional medical chemotherapeutic agents and new generation targeted therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, hormone blocking therapies, and an array of over forty nutrient, biological and herbal therapies. (dunphynunley.com)

But, according to the FDA, this new drug is capable of extending the patient's life by 15 months, compared to the old drug, dacarbazine (a DNA alkylating agent), which had a median overall survival of 8.4 months. (shu.edu)
Dacarbazine, an alkylating agent that both the docetaxel prednisone regimen reported similar response rates over traditional anticoagulants ie, unfractionated heparin vte, venous thromboembolism. (easternpropane.com)

Furthermore, because MGMT protein loss may be a result of promoter hypermethylation, it was reported that methylation of the MGMT promoter in gliomas is a useful predictor of the responsiveness to alkylating agents ( 7 ). (aacrjournals.org)
Promoter methylation-induced O 6 -methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) inactivation improves the efficacy of alkylating agents in gliomas, colorectal cancer and diffuse large B cell lymphoma. (unicatt.it)

Its efficacy is associated with the predictive biomarker, MGMT promoter methylation. (cancernetwork.com)
Further, we provide novel evidence that the demethylating agent 5-Azacitidine (5-Aza) reactivates TUSC3 expression in MGMT-M GSCs, whereas the combination of 5-Aza and MGMT inhibitor Lomeguatrib is necessary for TUSC3 reactivation in MGMT-UM GSCs. (bvsalud.org)
The DNA repair protein O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) plays an important role in cellular resistance to alkylating agents. (aacrjournals.org)
A cellular DNA-repair protein, namely O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) protein, reverses alkylation at the O 6 position of guanine, thereby inhibiting the lethal cross-linking and bringing about resistance to alkylating agents ( 2, 3 ). (aacrjournals.org)
A number of studies have suggested that MGMT deficiency is closely related to the sensitivity of brain tumors to alkylating agents ( 4 - 6 ). (aacrjournals.org)
Under these circumstances, we investigated whether MGMT methylation is preferentially found in SDH-deficient cases (identified by SDHB immunohistochemistry) by analyzing 48 pathogenetically heterogeneous GISTs by methylation-specific PCR, as a premise for possible investigations on the use of alkylating drugs in these tumors. (unicatt.it)

Nitrogen mustard (NM), a bifunctional alkylating agent and potent analog of SM, is used in laboratories to study mustard vesicant-induced ocular toxicity. (aspetjournals.org)
They are bifunctional, which means they have two alkylating groups, and can cause intra- or inter-chain cross-linking between DNA strands. (savedelicious.com)

The most recent chemotherapeutic agent that has been approved for use in patients with rituximab-refractory indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is the alkylating agent bendamustine, but it is not currative. (esmo.org)
Vivimusta (bendamustine hydrochloride injection) is an alkylating drug indicated for treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that has progressed during or within six months of treatment with rituximab or a rituximab-containing regimen. (rxlist.com)
Bendamustine hydrochloride is an alkylating agent. (rxlist.com)

IFN-β can act as a drug sensitizer, enhancing toxicity against a variety of neoplasias, and is widely used in combination with other antitumor agents such as nitrosoureas. (aacrjournals.org)
More commonly, multidrug regimens incorporating drugs with different mechanisms of action and different toxicities are used to increase efficacy, reduce dose-related toxicity, and decrease the probability of drug resistance. (msdmanuals.com)

In this single-arm, open-label, phase II study, 125 patients with indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphomas who had not had a response to rituximab and an alkylating agent or had had a relapse within 6 months after receipt of those therapies were administered idelalisib, until the disease progressed or the patient withdrew from the study. (esmo.org)
This study is to compare the efficacy of zanubrutinib plus obinutuzumab versus lenalidomide plus rituximab (R^2) in participants with relapsed/refractory (R/R) follicular lymphoma (FL). (pbi.org.au)

The biggest advantage is minimising the chances of resistance developing to any one agent. (wikipedia.org)
Over time, additional mechanisms of primary and secondary resistance to targeted agents have emerged as promising novel predictive biomarkers and potentially actionable target of treatment, although validation is still an issue in most cases, and many steps forward have been made in the biological understanding and molecular characterization of CRC [ 6 ] . (oaepublish.com)

This product is conditionally approved based on the results of protective efficacy reported in interim analysis of the international Phase clinical trial. (who.int)
The international Phase clinical trial is an international multi-center, randomized, double-blinded, placebo parallel controlled to evaluate the protective efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of this product. (who.int)

METHODS: A series of in vivo and in vitro experiments based on two GBM cell lines and two primary GBM cells were designed to evaluate the efficacy of ABX in sensitizing GBM cells to TMZ. (bvsalud.org)
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of RO7434656, a novel Antisense Oligonucleotide (ASO) therapy in participants with primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN) who are at high risk of progressive kidney disease despite optimized supportive care. (clinicaltrials.gov)
The study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of ME-401 administered using two different schedules: daily continuously or daily continuously for two cycles then daily for the first 7 days of each subsequent cycle. (pbi.org.au)

It is used as an antineoplastic agent and to induce diabetes in experimental animals. (cancerindex.org)
Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis Klisyri 1 Topical identifiable only as Antineoplastic Alkylating Agents Use this medication FDA given the experiencing a burst chronically infected in. (ripyard.com)
We use low-dose Cyclophosphamide (Endoxan®, CTX), a synthetic alkylating agent chemically related to the nitrogen mustards with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities, to make immune system lightly lymphodepletion. (ncl.edu.tw)

Further randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to assess the efficacy and safety of TAC combined with TWG. (biomedcentral.com)

Combination with other immunotherapy regimens improve overall therapeutic efficacy. (biomedcentral.com)
The combination treatment synergistically enhanced the efficacy of TMZ in GBM cells. (nature.com)

The overall response rate was impressive 57%, with a median progression-free survival of 11 months, values suggesting that the efficacy of idelalisib is similar or superior to those of other active treatment options in relapsed or refractory indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. (esmo.org)
These agents are hypertonic, the baby may present with a median survival times of lower urinary tract in ection, mononeuropathy multiplex and can have on average less than mm l, troponin i. (easternpropane.com)

Although the efficacy and safety profiles of the different available therapies have been clearly demonstrated for the management of musculoskeletal features of SpA, different performances in preventing and treating ocular involvement were proven. (hindawi.com)
This study is to compare the efficacy and safety of pirtobruitinib to ibrutinib in participants with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia / small lympocytic lymphoma. (pbi.org.au)
Comprehensive data document the safety and high efficacy of HPV vaccines, especially in adolescent girls, who are the priority target for HPV vaccination. (who.int)

Along with ibrutinib, which targets Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), idelalisib represents a new class of agents that target signal transduction downstream of the B-cell receptor (BCR) in malignant B cells. (esmo.org)
This finding could foster a reappraisal of alkylating agents for treating malignant cases occurring among these overall chemorefractory tumors. (unicatt.it)

Nowadays, five TNFis, one interleukin-17, and one interleukin 12/23 blocker are licensed for the treatment of SpA, with different proven efficacy in preventing and treating ocular involvement. (hindawi.com)

The first efficacy evaluation index was remission rate (complete remission and partial remission), and the secondary efficacy evaluation indices included relapse rate, proteinuria, serum albumin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). (biomedcentral.com)
These therapeutics offer prolonged results, higher efficacy, early and accurate identification of leukemia cells and reduced chances of cancer relapse. (datamintelligence.com)

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are tumor-selective, multi-mechanistic antitumor agents. (biomedcentral.com)

The most advanced vaccine Tafamidis (Fx1006A) (CYD-TDV) exhibited good efficacy against DENV-1, -3, and -4 but poor protection against DENV-2 (3,C5). (acp2018.org)

1,2 More than 800 women treated with the surgery were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to receive either the alkylating agent thiotepa or a placebo. (ascopost.com)

Drinking-water, or water used for agricultural or recreational activities, can be polluted by naturally occurring carcinogenic contaminants, such as arsenic, or by anthropogenic pollutants, including chlorinated agents, perfluorinated alkylated substances, and metals. (who.int)

The management of SpA has dramatically improved over the last decades due to the development of new treat-to-target strategies and to the introduction of biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), particularly tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFis), currently used for the treatment of nonresponder patients to conventional synthetic agents. (hindawi.com)

Systemic therapy is often used in conjunction with other modalities that constitute local therapy (i.e., treatments whose efficacy is confined to the anatomic area where they are applied) for cancer such as radiation therapy, surgery or hyperthermia therapy. (wikipedia.org)
Although the current treatments are initially effective in inducing responses in most patients, they are not curative and show decreasing efficacy with repeated administrations. (esmo.org)

Finally, the efficacy and mechanism were validated in GBM patients derived organoids (PDOs) models. (bvsalud.org)

Management o neuromuscular blocking agents are frequently prescribed because they have not shown an increased sensitivity of the risk is necessary and may be normal in cases o suspected central nervous system or by production o neurotoxin rom a lesion o lower motor neuron ndings were absent. (easternpropane.com)

It is a class Ia antiarrhythmic agent that apparently acts by changing the shape and threshold of cardiac action potentials. (lookformedical.com)

The predominant regimen was the weekly/bi-weekly intravenous administration of STZ combined with other oral anticancer agents. (cancerindex.org)
The most administered chemotherapeutic regimen in Australia is FOLFOX, whose constituent drugs are the pyrimidine antimetabolite 5-Fluorouracil and the platinum based alkylating agent Oxaliplatin. (edu.au)

Corey and colleagues tested daily valacyclovir for efficacy in get access into mountain trails and study enrolled monogamous, tamiflu over the in which only to make oral infected with HSV to be taken set number of and are generally ease discomfort associated environments and have substantial effect on. (ripyard.com)
In this study, we determined the effects of targeting eEF-2 kinase on the anti-glioma efficacy of TMZ, and found that combined treatment of TMZ with an inhibitor of eEF-2 kinase could achieve better therapeutic outcome. (rockstarsagainstliveearth.com)

Here, we investigated the potential of albumin-bound paclitaxel (ABX), a novel microtubule targeting agent, in sensitizing GBM cells to TMZ and elucidated its underlying molecular mechanism. (bvsalud.org)

In contrast, other drugs (eg, DNA cross-linkers, also known as alkylating agents) have a linear dose-response relationship, killing more cancer cells at higher doses. (msdmanuals.com)

Some epidemiological and experimental studies indicate that different agents may act at different stages in the carcinogenic process, and several different mechanisms may be involved. (who.int)

The leucovorin does not spare cancer cells: just as they cannot take up MTX well, they cannot take up the rescue agent and save themselves from cytotoxicity. (medquizzes.net)

Sulfur mustard (SM), a vesicating agent first used during World War I, remains a potent threat as a chemical weapon to cause intentional/accidental chemical emergencies. (aspetjournals.org)
Prevention and treatment of injury from chemical warfare agents. (cdc.gov)
In: Chemical warfare agents and related chemical problems. (cdc.gov)
Destruction of U.S. stockpiles of chemical agents, including Lewisite, was mandated by the Chemical Weapons Convention to take place before April 2007. (cdc.gov)
related chemical compounds, physical agents (such as radiation) and biological factors (such as viruses). (who.int)

Thirty-six GISTs were enrolled in past sarcoma trials testing alkylating agents, with negative results. (unicatt.it)

Applies only to oral form of both agents. (medscape.com)

In 2016, another RCT found that the efficacy of tacrolimus combined with glucocorticoids was comparable to that of cyclophosphamide combined with glucocorticoids, but the former therapy resulted in more adverse effects, such as nephrotoxicity and corticosteroid-related side effects [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Pyrazines are a class of heterocyclic compounds with two nitrogen atoms in a six-membered ring, which have potential medicinal applications as antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and anti-inflammatory agents. (lookformedical.com)

Anatomy5

Organisms3

Diseases24

Chemicals and Drugs92

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes21

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science2

Health Care4

Temozolomide9

Chemotherapy7

Including an anti-CD20 antibody1

Antibody2

Cytotoxic3

Melphalan6

Comparing the efficacy and safety1

Monoclonal antibodies3

Dacarbazine2

Gliomas2

MGMT6

Bifunctional2

Bendamustine3

Toxicity2

Rituximab2

Resistance2

Clinical2

Evaluate3

Antineoplastic3

Randomized contro1

Combination2

Survival2

Safety3

Malignant2

Ocular1

Relapse2

Antitumor agents1

Vaccine1

Placebo1

Substances1

Synthetic1

Treatments2

Patients1

Sensitivity1

Cardiac1

Regimen2

Study2

Paclitaxel1

Drugs1

Mechanisms1

Cells1

Chemical5

Results1

Oral1

Found1

Class1