• We explore the pipeline of Akt inhibitors and their preclinical and clinical examination status, presenting the potential clinical application of these agents as a monotherapy or in combination with ionizing radiation, other targeted therapies, or chemotherapy. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • It is an antibiotics agent which exhibits antineoplastic activity and is used primarily in chemotherapy as an anticancer agent. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • Drugs used in chemotherapy halts this division and kills cancer cells. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • Some examples of medications and therapeutic interventions that cause immunosuppression include corticosteroids, immunoglobulins, antimetabolites (chemotherapy), biological alkylating agents (anti-cancer drugs) and ionizing radiation. (health.news)
  • While there are treatments, such as chemotherapy, they often cause very painful side effects for patients and involve many logistical constraints. (universite-paris-saclay.fr)
  • Standard of care for glioblastoma (GB), consisting of cytotoxic chemotherapy, steroids, and high-dose radiation, induces changes in the tumor microenvironment through its effects on glucose availability, which is a determinant for tumor progression (TP). (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Chemotherapy, depending on the targets of the drug, has different protocols. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Because a high percentage of these cancer patients are diagnosed in advanced stages, the treatment is increasingly invasive, including surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy applied in isolation or in association with other treatment, depending on the tumor's site, histological degree, clinical stage, and the patient's physical condition 1 . (bvsalud.org)
  • from any individual except oneself and solar radiation, and most of the leukaemia by a genotoxic mech- or an identical twin will provoke an chemical alkylating agents used in anism after its use in anticancer immune reaction against the graft- anticancer chemotherapy. (who.int)
  • Radiation chemotherapy (IARC, 2012b ). (who.int)
  • The electron microscopy image shows a section of a dividing DNA molecule isolated from tumor cells. (cas.cz)
  • A new study now finds that cellular survival after radiation exposure depends on behavior of the tumor-suppressor protein p53 over time. (sciencedaily.com)
  • So, the team explored whether manipulating p53 dynamics could increase tumor vulnerability, focusing on human colon cancer cell lines with unmutated, functional p53. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In an in vivo study, the combination treatment showed greater anti-tumor growth effects. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Targeted cancer therapies are used to inhibit the growth, progression, and metastasis of the tumor by interfering with specific molecular targets and are currently the focus of anticancer drug development. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Vorinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, enhances the response of human tumor cells to ionizing radiation through prolongation of gamma-H2AX foci. (lclabs.com)
  • By interfering with that protection, the researchers have shown that tumor cells grown in culture can be made more sensitive to hyperthermia-enhanced radiation therapy. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • For several years, raising tumor temperature has been investigated as a radiation therapy enhancer with few adverse side effects. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • In this study, Pandita's research group found that moderately turning up the heat also turns up the activity of telomerase in tumor cells. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • The researchers found that if they inactivated telomerase and then increased the temperature of tumor cells, more cells were killed by ionizing radiation. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • Pharmacological research has proved that fatty acids, such as unsaturated linoleic, α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, retard tumor growth, inducing apoptotic processes in tumor cells, inhibiting angiogenesis, as well as improving efficiency of chemical drugs and alleviating their side effects 12, 15-19) . (prolekare.cz)
  • Tumor initiation is the process by which normal cells are changed so that they are able to form tumors. (doctorlib.info)
  • This class of carcinogens includes various hormones (e.g., estrogen and diethylstilbestrol), immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., azathioprine), solid-state carcinogens (e.g., asbestos), and promoting agents (agents that increase tumor development when given after a genotoxic chemical). (doctorlib.info)
  • thus, tumors with a high cell turnover are most susceptible (certain leukemias and lymphomas, small proliferating tumors, "recruited" tumor cells, and micrometastases). (doctorlib.info)
  • The killing of tumor cells follows first-order kinetics. (doctorlib.info)
  • To produce a cure, therapy must continue until the final tumor cell has been eradicated. (doctorlib.info)
  • The protein products of tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, and tells when to undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death). (doctorlib.info)
  • P53 is a tumor suppressor gene that codes for a transcription factor that regulates the expression of other genes and arrests the cell cycle. (doctorlib.info)
  • Moreover, further preclinical studies are warranted to explore the molecular mechanisms of these agents in treatment of cancer and their possible potential to overcome chemoresistance of tumor cells. (ac.ir)
  • Ukrain is Selectively Cytostatic and/or Cytotoxic to Human Tumor and HIV-Infected Cells but not to Human Normal Cells. (ukrin.com)
  • This study investigated the role of TIGAR in DNA damage response (DDR) induced by genotoxic drugs and hypoxia in tumor cells. (nature.com)
  • Calcitriol elicits anti-tumor effects mainly through the induction of cancer cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, differentiation, angiogenesis and the inhibition of cell invasiveness by a number of mechanisms. (jcancer.org)
  • Calcitriol has been used in a number of clinical trials and it is important to note that sufficient dose and exposure to calcitriol is critical to achieve anti-tumor effect. (jcancer.org)
  • The broad spectrum anti-tumor effects of calcitriol and analogs are mostly based on inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness, induction of differentiation and apoptosis, and promotion of angiogenesis. (jcancer.org)
  • 1. Equipped with HlyE, EcNe significantly caused tumor regression in mice xenografted with human colorectal cancer cells. (nature.com)
  • The emerging technology known as targeted therapy facilitates selective delivery of chemotherapeutic agents involving therapeutic genes and drugs to tumor sites, which enhances the therapeutic efficacy and reduces side effects 2 . (nature.com)
  • Nevertheless, they have intrinsic limitations that most of the produced payloads are restricted to proliferating cells or/and afflicted with tumor penetration. (nature.com)
  • 3 state no systemic treatment for cancer is currently available with the ability to destroy tumor cells without causing the death of at least some normal cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • and everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, led to an elevated reduced amount of p-S6 and p-S6K1, a synergistic inhibition of cell success in vitro, and a sophisticated suppression of tumor development in two orthotopic mouse versions. (icsv20.org)
  • Eribulin Inhibits the Phosphorylation of AKT in Triple Harmful Breast Cancers Cells We initial researched the anti-tumor activity of eribulin in a number of TNBC lines. (icsv20.org)
  • The main goal of RT consists in delivering a precise dose of radiation in a target volume, such as tumor, promoting the tumor cells eradication with as minimal damage as possible in surrounding normal tissues ( 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Cobalt therapy, because of its low energy, requires high doses to deliver adequate radiation to the tumor. (medscape.com)
  • Ideally, only the tumor receives radiation, excluding nontarget organs. (medscape.com)
  • Radiation therapy works through the transfer of energy from ionizing radiation to molecules within tumor cells and related tissues. (medscape.com)
  • therefore, new therapeutic strategies and/or new adjuvant drugs must be explored. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • We found that IR combined with MP showed increased therapeutic efficacy when compared with either treatment alone in PC-3 cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Selective induction of apoptosis by histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cells: relevance to mechanism of therapeutic action. (lclabs.com)
  • Many groups are studying GRN163L as an anticancer therapeutic, and it recently received clearance by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to enter human phase I/II clinical testing in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • Combining drugs with different mechanisms of action can produce larger therapeutic effects with fewer side effects. (doctorlib.info)
  • Moreover, a majority of chemotherapeutic drugs are highly hydrophobic and need to be diluted in organic solvents, which cause high toxicity, in order to reach effective therapeutic dose. (oaepublish.com)
  • Among the various existing nanosystems, nanoparticles have the ability to transform conventional medicine by reducing the adverse effects and providing a controlled release of therapeutic agents. (oaepublish.com)
  • The administration of anticancer drugs is one crucial approach that is employed for the treatment of cancer, although its therapeutic status is not presently satisfactory. (mdpi.com)
  • They transport therapeutic agents to the target cell/tissue. (mdpi.com)
  • This review article is based on the therapeutic outcomes of polymer-drug conjugates against breast and lung cancer. (mdpi.com)
  • Materials and Methods: Google scholar, PubMed and Scopus were searched for literatures which have studied identification, characterization, fermentation and therapeutic effects of PTOX and published in English language until end of 2016. (ac.ir)
  • The Cdk5-AMT signal pathway involved in regulation of DDR by TIGAR defines a new role of TIGAR in cancer cell survival and it suggests that TIGAR may be a therapeutic target for cancers. (nature.com)
  • New Therapeutic Procedure To Eliminate Cancer Cells Infiltrated In Brain. (usherbrooke.ca)
  • Although this therapeutic modality has obtained high levels of cure and greater survival, its side effects are quite severe. (bvsalud.org)
  • One of the treatments applied in cancer is radiotherapy (RT), a therapeutic modality that uses ionizing radiation to induce damage in unwanted cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Therapeutic radiation may be delivered via various external sources. (medscape.com)
  • Vorinostat caused an accumulation of acetylated histones, p21(WAF1) and bax, a decrease of Stat6, and activation of caspase-3, and thus selectively induced malignant T cell apoptosis. (lclabs.com)
  • Oxidative stress has numerous effects, including increased apoptosis, reduced motion parameters, and reduced sperm integrity. (mdpi.com)
  • MCF-7, a p53+/+ cell line, was more sensitive to apoptosis than T47D, a p53-/- cell line. (jouwweb.nl)
  • Treatment of MCF-7 cells with pifithrin α, an inhibitor of p53, reversed Triphala's effects and, with similar observations in other cell lines, confirms the role of p53 in Triphala-induced apoptosis. (jouwweb.nl)
  • In some cell lines, Triphala-induced apoptosis was linked to phosphorylation of p53 at Ser-15 and ERK at Thr-202/Tyr-204. (jouwweb.nl)
  • Tumors develop when the normal regulation of the balance between cell proliferation (mitosis) and programmed cell death (apoptosis) is lost. (doctorlib.info)
  • Although there in no epidemiological evidence of relation between X-ray developer, fixer and replenisher liquids and AML, these included glutaraldehyde which has weakly associated with lymphocytic leukemia in rats and hydroquinone has been increasingly implicated in producing leukemia, causing DNA and chromosomal damage, inhibits topo-isomerase II, alter hematopoiesis and inhibit apoptosis of neoplastic cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cancer is one of the scenarios where too little apoptosis occurs, resulting in malignant cells that will not die. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, many troubling questions arise with the use of new drugs or treatment strategies that are designed to enhance apoptosis and critical tests must be passed before they can be used safely in human subjects. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell death, particularly apoptosis, is probably one of the most widely-studied subjects among cell biologists. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The researchers 12 used multiple tests to determine cell viability and apoptosis after exposure to ivermectin. (freelysocial.com)
  • Cultured cells were also exposed to concentrations of ivermectin after which cell viability and apoptosis were measured. (freelysocial.com)
  • The researchers found an increase in apoptosis indicating a dose-dependent effect. (freelysocial.com)
  • Radiation Oncology. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Washington University radiation oncology researchers found that tumors have a built-in mechanism that protects them from heat (hyperthermia) damage and most likely decreases the benefit of hyperthermia and radiation as a combined therapy. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • Past research has shown that hyperthermia is one of the most potent ways to increase cell-killing by radiation," says senior author Tej K. Pandita, Ph.D., associate professor of radiation oncology and of genetics and a researcher with the Siteman Cancer Center at Washington University School of Medicine and Barnes-Jewish Hospital. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • Some cancers can become resistant to radiation therapy. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Bleomycin is therapeutically used to treat malignant neoplasms such as sarcomas, lymphomas, melanomas, and germinal cell cancers. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • Because nearly all cancers have telomerase, drugs that turn off its activity could be useful against many cancers. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • In the 1860s, German surgeon, Karl Thiersch, showed that cancers metastasize through the spread of malignant cells and not through some unidentified fluid. (cancer.org)
  • Open up in another window Body 1 Eribulin inhibits cell viability and AKT phosphorylation in triple harmful breasts cancers (TNBC) cells. (icsv20.org)
  • This information supports past studies that have suggested ivermectin has anticancer activity against cancers of the digestive system, reproductive system, brain, respiratory system, hematological and breast. (freelysocial.com)
  • ivermectin may regulate the expression of crucial molecules … Therefore, current results indicate that Ivermectin might be a new potential anticancer drug for treating human colorectal cancer and other cancers. (freelysocial.com)
  • who are latently infected with an on- Certain pharmaceutical drugs, Immunosuppression as a medi- cogenic virus are at greatly increased ionizing and ultraviolet radiation, cal therapy is used to treat autoim- risk for developing virus-related or infection with certain viruses mune diseases such as lupus ery- cancers when they become immu- and parasites can cause immu- thematosus or rheumatoid arthritis. (who.int)
  • Triphala's chemoprotective potential is seen in coadministration with methotrexate, an antifolate often used as an anticancer and immunosuppressive drug. (jouwweb.nl)
  • But now we've found that heat also enhances the activity of an enzyme called telomerase in cancer cells," he says. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • Roscovitine strongly enhances the effect of olaparib on radiosensitivity for HPV neg. (oncotarget.com)
  • Calcitriol enhances the cytotoxic effects of gamma irradiation and certain antioxidants and naturally derived compounds. (jcancer.org)
  • This review summarizes the intracellular functions of Akt as a pivotal point of converging signaling pathways involved in cell growth, proliferation, apoptotis and neo‑angiogenesis, and focuses on the drug design strategies to develop potent anticancer agents targeting Akt. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In several cancer cell lines, Triphala and its ingredients inhibited DNA synthesis, decreasing replication and proliferation. (jouwweb.nl)
  • Cancer is characterised by the excessive and uncontrolled proliferation of cells whose DNA, the carrier of genetic information, has certain mutations. (universite-paris-saclay.fr)
  • These genes are deleted or inactivated in cancer cells, allowing unregulated proliferation. (doctorlib.info)
  • To explore the effect on proliferation, the researchers used different concentrations of ivermectin on the cultured cells and found cell viability decreased in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. (freelysocial.com)
  • To test the influence ivermectin may have on colorectal cancer cells, the team used cancer cell lines SW480 10 and SW1116. (freelysocial.com)
  • Treatment with radiation is based on the principle of cytotoxicity against malignant cells and is more effective during cell mitosis and nonspecific to all cells exposed to radiation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore, by adding various kinase inhibitors, we confirmed that the phosphorylation status of rpS3 was regulated by both Lyn and doxorubicin, and the phosphorylation of rpS3 by Lyn increased drug resistance in cells by upregulating p-glycoprotein translation. (bmbreports.org)
  • Therefore, in this study, we investigated the possible role of rpS3 as a key target of anti-cancer drug resistance. (bmbreports.org)
  • Potential of nanomedicines to overcome resistance, ameliorate solubility, improve pharmacological profile, and reduce adverse effects of chemotherapeutical drugs is thus highly regarded. (oaepublish.com)
  • Here, we provide a closer review of clinical prospects and mechanisms of action of nanomedicines to overcome drug resistance. (oaepublish.com)
  • Consequent drug resistance allows the tumour to grow and spread even with the treatment [ 3 ] . (oaepublish.com)
  • In addition, heterogeneity among patients and tumours make drug resistance a highly challenging event [ 5 ] . (oaepublish.com)
  • Closer understanding of the mechanisms involved in drug resistance is needed in order to achieve better outcomes in cancer treatment. (oaepublish.com)
  • Polymer drug conjugates, nano-based drug delivery systems can be utilized to protect normal body tissues from the adverse side effects of anticancer drugs and also to overcome drug resistance. (mdpi.com)
  • Defects can occur at any point along these pathways, leading to malignant transformation of the affected cells, tumour metastasis and resistance to anticancer drugs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Activation from the PI3K/AKT pathway by some anti-cancer medications continues to be previously proven to trigger drug level of resistance [36]. (icsv20.org)
  • An international team of scientists led by Hana Hanzlíková from the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Keith Caldecott from the University of Sussex in the United Kingdom discovered which sites in the DNA molecule inside tumour cells represent the basis of the effect of anticancer drugs (so-called PARP inhibitors). (cas.cz)
  • Results published recently in prestigious journal Nature Structural and Molecular Biology will be used to understand the mechanism of action of PARP inhibitors, which lead to death in certain types of cancer cells and pave the way to new cancer therapies. (cas.cz)
  • New findings from our Czech-British research team now show that PARP inhibitors prevent the joining of short stretches of DNA during DNA copying in the cell and that intermediates of unlinked Okazaki fragments are likely to be a major source of cytotoxicity in rapidly dividing tumour cells. (cas.cz)
  • This process has led to the discovery of inhibitors with greater specificity, reduced side-effects and lower toxicity. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This article reviews current anticancer small-molecule inhibitors targeting epigenetic modified enzymes and displays their performances in different stages of clinical trials. (frontiersin.org)
  • Anticancer drugs, mainly alkylating agents and topoisomerase II inhibitors, are the leading cause of treatment-associated AML. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Radiation Research Radiation Research, 186(5): 520-530 (2016). (usherbrooke.ca)
  • Radiation Physics and Chemistry 128, 36-43 (2016). (usherbrooke.ca)
  • Invest New Drugs 34, 269-276 (2016). (usherbrooke.ca)
  • 2016). Ionizing radiation modulates human macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype preserving their pro-invasive and pro-angiogenic capacities . (up.pt)
  • Exposure to radiation can wreak indiscriminate havoc on cells, tissues, and organs. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Curiously, however, some tissues are more vulnerable to radiation damage than others. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In vulnerable tissues, p53 levels go up and remain high, leading to cell death. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In tissues that tend to survive radiation damage, p53 levels oscillate up and down. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Yet, levels of this sentinel protein are often similar in tissues with vastly different sensitivities to radiation, posing the question: How is p53 involved? (sciencedaily.com)
  • In the current study, Lahav, Weissleder, and their team looked at tissues in mice that have very different sensitivities to ionizing radiation yet are known to express comparable levels of p53 -- the spleen and thymus, which are highly vulnerable, and the large and small intestines, which are more radioresistant. (sciencedaily.com)
  • After radiation exposure, all four tissues expressed elevated p53 along with other markers of DNA and cellular damage as expected. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Muller proposed that cancer cells developed from budding elements (blastema) between normal tissues. (cancer.org)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • X-rays or other types of ionizing in much higher dosage, are used to and there is excess risk of B-cel radiation, immunosuppression is maintain the functional and anatom- non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) when most pronounced if the entire body, ical integrity of foreign tissues graft- immunosuppression is accompanied rather than a limited area, is irra- ed onto another individual, such as by continuing immune stimulation diated. (who.int)
  • In the bladder, this in turn may cause further submucosal fibrosis as the subepithelial tissues become exposed to the caustic effects of urine. (medscape.com)
  • DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, carries genetic information and determines the proper division of cells and survival of the whole organism. (cas.cz)
  • Reporting in Nature Communications on Feb. 9, they describe how cellular survival after radiation exposure depends on behavior of p53 over time. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In the intestine, which is normally more resistant to radiation, the addition of the drug reduced cell viability and survival. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Song G, Ouyang G and Bao S: The activation of Akt/PKB signaling pathway and cell survival. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Targeted therapy is a cancer treatment that targets specific genes and proteins responsible for cancerous cell growth and survival. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • This study involved 29 individuals and evaluated, over a period of 1 year, the adjuvant effect of LCD associated with POH therapy in terms of toxicity, extent of peritumoral edema, reduced corticosteroid use, seizure frequency, and overall survival. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Previous study revealed that the protective effect of TIGAR in cell survival is mediated through the increase in PPP (pentose phosphate pathway) flux. (nature.com)
  • We have previously reported that TIGAR plays a pro-survival role in cancer cells through increase PPP flux 19 . (nature.com)
  • Cell survival was determined 7, 8, or 9 days after RT by the sulforhodamine B test. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During the development of toxicological profiles, Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs) are derived when reliable and sufficient data exist to identify the target organ(s) of effect or the most sensitive health effect(s) for a specific duration for a given route of exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • An uncommon but potential y lized to act as an alkylating agent, Infection with HIV-1 is the cause of dangerous side effect of immuno- causes acute myeloid leukaemia and the acquired immune deficiency syn- suppression to support organ trans- carcinoma of the urinary bladder in drome (AIDS). (who.int)
  • Efforts to reduce the complications of radiation have led to improvements in delivery mechanisms of radiation to the target organ. (medscape.com)
  • Hence, rpS3 may play a major role in B-cell growth and differentiation and be associated with acute myeloid leukemia along with PML. (bmbreports.org)
  • Carcinogens in the etiology of acute myeloid leukemia include gasoline, cigarette smoke, and ionizing radiation. (clinific.com)
  • Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia includes: Blood and platelet transfusions, anticancer drugs to kill cancer cells, followed by radiation therapy» Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia refers to when there is no evidence of cancer cells in the blood and bone marrow. (clinific.com)
  • Drugs for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia: »Blood transfusions» Anticancer drugs »Corticosteroids» Painkillers »Antibiotics to fight infections» Uric acid-enhancing drugs to prevent the accumulation of uric acid, which is one of the possible side effects of anticancer drugs. (clinific.com)
  • In with carcinogenic effects (e.g. benzene, chromates, aromatic the years up to 1930, major scientific progress occurred in the fun- damental principles of protection, which included substitution, enclosure and ventilation (Luxon, 1984 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Tumour cells were treated with dFdC (0-100 nM) for 24 h prior to radiotherapy (RT) (γ-Co 60 , 0-6 Gy, room temperature). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Potential y neoplastic cel s that of the effect increases with increasing tem to respond effectively to foreign arise natural y, or that have been dose or continuing exposure - and is antigens, including surface antigens transformed by carcinogens acting usually transient: immune function on tumour cells. (who.int)
  • Using a colorimetric assay that measures cell metabolic activity, the researchers found that D. sonia polysaccharide can enhance the viability of macrophages and their capacity for phagocytosis. (health.news)
  • Cell viability afterwards was determined 72 h. (icsv20.org)
  • As proven in Body 1A, eribulin inhibited cell viability, with an IC50 which range from 0.07 to 71 nM in TNBC. (icsv20.org)
  • For example, tall cell PTC (TCPTC) is an uncommon but relatively aggressive variant that is more likely to demonstrate invasion, metastasis, and recurrence. (medscape.com)
  • However, the second strand is copied in the opposite direction in short sections, so-called Okazaki fragments, of which 30-50 millions are created during the copying of human DNA, i.e. in one cell division. (cas.cz)
  • The DNA damage-recognition problem in human and other eukaryotic cell: the XPA damage binding protein. (ncl.edu.tw)
  • In this study, PC-3 cells (human prostate cancer cells) were used to investigate the anti-cancer effects of ionizing radiation (IR) combined with monascuspiloin (MP, a yellow pigment isolated from Monascus pilosus M93-fermented rice) and to determine the underlying mechanisms of these effects in vitro and in vivo. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • An MRL is an estimate of the daily human exposure to a hazardous substance that is likely to be without appreciable risk of adverse noncancer health effects over a specified duration of exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Arencibia JM, Pastor-Flores D, Bauer AF, Schulze JO and Biondi RM: AGC protein kinases: From structural mechanism of regulation to allosteric drug development for the treatment of human diseases. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Scanning electron micrograph of two HeLa cells, an immortal human cell line derived from a cancerous tumour of the cervix. (issuu.com)
  • Collected from Henrietta Lacks in 1951, it was the first human cell line to survive and grow in the laboratory. (issuu.com)
  • Telomerase is not active in most normal human cells but is active in most cancer cells, which rely on telomerase to continue to proliferate. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • Triphala treatment of two human breast cancer cell lines caused reproductive cell death. (jouwweb.nl)
  • and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), seen in choriocarcinoma testicular germ cell neoplasms. (doctorlib.info)
  • At present, advanced stage human Papillomavirus (HPV) negative and positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are treated by intense multimodal therapy that includes radiochemotherapy, which are associated with relevant side effects. (oncotarget.com)
  • In this study, the anti-cancer effects of pentadecanoic acid were evaluated in human breast carcinoma MCF-7/stem-like cells (SC), a cell line with greater mobility, invasiveness, and cancer stem cell properties compared to the parental MCF-7 cells. (mdpi.com)
  • In the present study, the relation between deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) activity and the radiosensitising effect of gemcitabine was investigated in eight different human tumour cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Everolimus often increases the expression of p-AKT in human cancer cells when used alone. (icsv20.org)
  • Here we tested whether roscovitine, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which hereby also blocks homologous recombination (HR), can be used to enhance the radiation sensitivity of HNSCC cell lines. (oncotarget.com)
  • The degree of radiosensitisation was also cell line dependent and seemed to correlate with the sensitivity of the cell line to the cytotoxic effect of dFdC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Peak sensitivity to radiation is at the M and G2 phases of the cell reproductive cycle. (medscape.com)
  • Radiation therapy is a mainstay of cancer treatment but doesn't always completely control tumors. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • Epigenetic drugs show significant effects on both preclinical and clinical studies in which the target development and research offer a promising direction for cancer therapy. (frontiersin.org)
  • Osteoporosis is a debilitating skeletal side effect of androgen deprivation therapy based on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist in men. (tocotrienolresearch.org)
  • To investigate LCD's effect on GB therapy, we have begun a clinical trial using LCD as an addition to intranasal perillyl alcohol (POH) for recurrent GB (rGB) patients. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Hence, this study's aim was to perform a literature review addressing the main complications arising form radiation therapy while emphasizing the conduct of dental surgeons in the face of these changes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Radiation therapy. (bvsalud.org)
  • 4 , surgery combined with radiation therapy has been one of the most common treatments for advanced head and neck malignant tumors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Approximately 60% of the patients receive radiation therapy to treat head and neck cancer and most receive the combined therapy so that the development of a series of changes is expected to affect the oral cavity 5 . (bvsalud.org)
  • As a consequence, non-neoplastic cells exposed to radiation are subjected to destruction, a fact that limits the dosage to be used in cancer therapy 6 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Everolimus, an inhibitor of mTOR, has emerged as a potential combination therapy drug for cancer treatment, although everolimus alone only exerts modest anti-cancer effects. (icsv20.org)
  • If all gross disease cannot be resected, or if residual disease is not avid for radioactive iodine, radiation therapy is often employed for locally advanced disease. (medscape.com)
  • Similarly, radiation therapy is indicated for unresectable disease extending into adjacent structures. (medscape.com)
  • Radiation cystitis is a complication of radiation therapy to pelvic tumors. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] Radiation therapy is an important management tool for the treatment of these malignancies, creating significant potential for the development of radiation injury to the bladder. (medscape.com)
  • Newer techniques and energy sources focus therapy on the target, minimizing collateral radiation to healthy structures. (medscape.com)
  • Radiation therapy can be used as primary, adjuvant, or palliative treatment and often complements medical or surgical therapy for malignancies. (medscape.com)
  • To probe the effects of p53 behavior, the team used an experimental anti-cancer drug to inhibit MDM2, a protein that degrades p53. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The dCK activity of our cell lines varied considerably and differed up to three fold from 5 to 15 pmol/h/mg protein between the tested cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Two year treatment with Tamoxifen and Arimidex result in a number of side effects which reduce quality of life. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • What are the side effects of Bleomycin? (yashodahospitals.com)
  • The side effects of Bleomycin depend on the amount of drug administered. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • Most people will experience a range of side effects depending on the case. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • Most side effects are almost reversible and subside after the treatment is complete. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • Uncommon side effects - Vascular effects leading to heart attack or stroke, severe allergic reaction, Pulmonary fibrosis. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • They reported that a carbohydrate found in a popular orchid hybrid ( Dendrobium sonia ) has the ability to enhance immune function without causing any side effects. (health.news)
  • side effects such as hair loss or toxicities (haematological, cardiac or neurological) are also observed in people during their treatment. (universite-paris-saclay.fr)
  • Even though considerable treatment progress and more effective therapies have been achieved over the past years, recurrence in the long-term and undesired side effects are still the main drawbacks of current clinical protocols. (oaepublish.com)
  • The anticancer drugs are limited pharmacologically, resulting from the serious side effects, which could be life-threatening. (mdpi.com)
  • There are, however, severe side effects, causing morbidities and reducing patients' quality of life. (bvsalud.org)
  • Echinacea can cause minor side effects. (elispot.biz)
  • Serious side effects include allergic reactions such as rash, swelling, and difficulty breathing. (elispot.biz)
  • Talk to your doctor right away about any side effects you are having. (elispot.biz)
  • It could reduce their effectiveness or cause unwanted side effects. (elispot.biz)
  • Vorinostat is a histone deacetylase inhibitor and causes growth arrest and death of some transformed cells both in vitro and in vivo, with little or no toxic effects on normal cells. (lclabs.com)
  • Unlike normal cells, cancer cells lose the ability to stop division. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • In vitro studies found dose- and time-dependent cytotoxic effects of Triphala extracts and constituents on a variety of cultured cancer cell lines, while equal concentrations did not harm cultured normal cells. (jouwweb.nl)
  • In 1838, German pathologist Johannes Muller demonstrated that cancer is made up of cells and not lymph, but he believed that cancer cells did not come from normal cells. (cancer.org)
  • There is no current form of systemic treatment able to destroy abnormal cells without causing harm or death to normal cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Effect on intelligence test score of prenatal exposure to ionizing radiation in Hiroshima and Nagasaki: A comparison of the T65DR and DS86 dosimetry systems. (cdc.gov)
  • Tardive dyskinesia' is a motor disorder of the orofacial region raised due to chronic treatment with neuroleptic drugs, and is considered as a chief clinical concern in the treatment of schizophrenia. (fuqna.com)
  • Future studies are further needed to address their off-target effects and cytotoxicity to improve their clinical translation. (frontiersin.org)
  • The effect of hyperthermia is not straightforward in in vivo experiments and is even more complex in clinical practice. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • While the simple thermal effect can be demonstrated using in vitro experiments, the evident clinical outcomes are not clearly observable. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • FTC and other thyroid neoplasms arising from follicular cells (adenomas, papillary/follicular carcinoma, and noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features [NIFTP]) show a broad range of overlapping clinical and cytologic features. (medscape.com)
  • The mutant proteins coded by oncogenes (oncoproteins) are overactive and allow cells to proliferate when they should not. (doctorlib.info)
  • Due to a defect in HR, all HPV positive cell lines were efficiently radiosensitized by the PARP-1 inhibitor olaparib. (oncotarget.com)
  • The diphosphate (dFdCDP) and triphosphate (dFdCTP) forms of the drug play an important role in the cytotoxic effect: dFdCDP is an inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, while dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, both leading to the inhibition of DNA synthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2013). Gold nanoparticle delivery-enhanced proteasome inhibitor effect in adenocarcinoma cells . (up.pt)
  • It has been widely established that cancer is associated with epigenetic modification, which is reversible and becomes an attractive target for drug development. (frontiersin.org)
  • To counteract the negative effects of excess ROS, spermatozoa and seminal plasma have several mechanisms to neutralize free radicals. (scialert.net)
  • They may acquire new mechanisms and/or adapt existing mechanisms to protect from the toxic effects of current treatments. (oaepublish.com)
  • Here, we aim to provide an overview on the mechanisms of miRNA biogenesis and to discuss the functional impact of miRNAs on PCa under radiation response. (frontiersin.org)
  • Previously, Lahav and colleagues revealed the dynamic behavior of p53 over time and how it affects cancer drug efficacy, cell fate, and more. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The heating process itself represents a further complication: The efficacy indeed differs by the heat source and by the properties of the target volume and its physiological effects. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • On the whole, according to the present study, the appropriate dose in oncological hyperthermia must use an energy‑based concept, as it is well‑known in all the ionizing radiation therapies. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The team found certain types of tumors in mice were more vulnerable to radiation after being given a drug that blocks p53 levels from declining and oscillating. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Next, Pandita and colleagues will test the effect of GRN163L on tumors in mice to see if it will enhance the cell-killing effect of hyperthermia and radiation. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • The review outlines the development of several promising drug candidates emphasizing the importance of each chemical scaffold. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Epirubicin, a DNA damaging anticancer agent and CoCl 2 , which was used to imitate hypoxia condition, was applied to induce DNA damage in TIGAR knockdown HepG2 cells. (nature.com)
  • Most antibiotic antitumor drugs are cell-cycle nonspecific except Bleomycin which shows significant effects in G2 and M phases. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • The lifetime when appropriate levels of its application in anticancer chemo- Group 1 agents that act by immuno- immunosuppression are maintained. (who.int)
  • Of these, rutin, also known as vitamin P or rutoside, has been explored for a number of pharmacological effects. (fuqna.com)
  • Remiszewska M, Wutkiewicz M, Jastrzebski Z, Czyzewska-Szafran H, Danysz A. Pharmacological Effects of Ukrain in Rats and Rabbits . (ukrin.com)
  • The combined treatment induced primarily autophagy in PC-3 cells, and the cell death that was induced by the combined treatment was chiefly the result of inhibition of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • In contrast, infection fector cells or from blockage of intra- of action associated with oncogenic with certain pathogens, such as hu- cel ular pathways essential for anti- viruses, may escape immune sur- man immunodeficiency virus type 1 gen recognition or of other elements veillance in immunosuppressed indi- (HIV-1) or malaria parasites, is per- of the immune response. (who.int)
  • Indeed, it has been shown that miRNAs play an important role in gene expression, mainly when associated with the monitoring of several cell and metabolic pathways, being also an essential component of the gene silencing machinery in most eukaryotic organisms ( 4 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • A team of scientists from the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences has discovered which places in the DNA molecule inside cancer cells are the basis of the effect of anticancer drugs. (cas.cz)
  • Among other functions, they regulate cancer cells' migration through rearranging the extracellular matrix, secreting soluble factors, and establishing direct physical contacts with cancer cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • We found that cancer cells specifically adhere to tracks by using clathrin-coated structures that pinch and engulf tracks. (bvsalud.org)
  • Tracks thus represent a spatial memory of fibroblast migration paths that is read and erased by cancer cells directionally migrating along them. (bvsalud.org)
  • Blocks or turn off signals that tell cancer cells to grow and divide. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • Destroy cancer cells. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • We used compounds that inhibit telomerase and showed that cancer cells then become easier to destroy with hyperthermia and radiation used in combination. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • These two treatments rely on the use of ionizing radiation and the administration of various active ingredients respectively in order to destroy cancer cells. (universite-paris-saclay.fr)
  • The significance of specific targeting towards cancer cells is debated as well. (oaepublish.com)
  • In addition, many classical chemotherapeutic anti-cancer agents kill cancer cells by directly damaging their DNA, which produces high toxicity due to its non-specificity [ 3 ] . (oaepublish.com)
  • Cancer cells are masters in finding a way to resist the treatment designed to kill them. (oaepublish.com)
  • His student, Rudolph Virchow (1821-1902), the famous German pathologist, determined that all cells, including cancer cells, are derived from other cells. (cancer.org)
  • Results showed that TIGAR was increased and relocated to the nucleus after epirubicin or hypoxia treatment in cancer cells. (nature.com)
  • To review the result of eribulin in the PI3K/AKT pathway, MDA-MB-468 and 4T1 breasts cancer cells had been incubated with raising concentrations of eribulin for 24 h, accompanied by American blot evaluation. (icsv20.org)
  • In line with this, for HPV negative but not for HPV positive cell lines, treatment with roscovitine resulted in a pronounced enhancement of the radiation-induced G2 arrest as well as a significant increase in radiosensitivity. (oncotarget.com)
  • PTOX prevents cell growth via polymerization of tubulin, leading to cell cycle arrest and suppression of the formation of the mitotic-spindles microtubules. (ac.ir)
  • Radiation may also directly cause rapid cell death from mitotic arrest, point mutations in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and cell membrane damage. (medscape.com)
  • Two main etiologies of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are recognized that reveal distinct biological characteristics. (oncotarget.com)
  • Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common form of well-differentiated thyroid cancer, and the most common form of thyroid cancer to result from exposure to radiation. (medscape.com)
  • Hurthle cell carcinoma should be considered a variant of FTC. (medscape.com)
  • The surmounting of the limits the dose of oncologic hyperthermia has to be based on the applicability of the Eyring transition state theory on thermal effects. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The applied rigorous thermodynamical considerations show the proper terminology and dose concept of hyperthermia, which is based on the energy‑absorption (such as in the case of ionizing radiation) instead of the temperature‑based ideas. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • We propose the use of Gy (J/kg) in cases of non‑ionizing radiation (hyperthermia) as well. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Vorinostat was studied in single agent trials and combination trials for patients with refractory cutaneous T cell lymphoma. (lclabs.com)
  • This drug has been approved in at least one country for use in patients with cutaneous T cell lymphoma and Sézary syndrome, another type of lymphoma closely related to CTCL. (lclabs.com)
  • Bleomycin reaches peak plasma concentration in 60 minutes, and the terminal half-life of the drug is around 3 hours, which varies based on patients and routes of administration. (yashodahospitals.com)
  • We identified shared space-time patterns of cellular and gene program enrichment, which we call multicellular "movements" spanning multiple cell types. (bvsalud.org)
  • Telomerase repairs the ends of chromosomes by maintaining stability of specialized cellular structures called telomeres after cells divide. (algemenegezondheid.org)
  • Usually several hours are required from the initiation of cell death to the final cellular fragmentation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Several neoplastic diseases can be cured with drugs alone or with a combination of drugs and other treatment modalities. (doctorlib.info)
  • Other partners of the intracellular metabolism of gemcitabine in relation to the cell cycle effects and DNA repair could be more responsible for the radiosensitising effect than dCK activity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Also, many effective chemotherapeutic drugs are hydrophobic and need to be diluted in an organic solvent (DMSO, Cremophor EL, ethanol etc .) that causes toxicity when injected. (oaepublish.com)
  • The decreased appearance of p-AKT by eribulin was viewed as early as 4 h in both MDA-MB-468 and BT549 cells (Body 1C,D). We following compared the result of eribulin in the PI3K/AKT pathway with two various other microtubule targeting agencies, paclitaxel and vinblastine, and a regular DNA harm chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin. (icsv20.org)
  • Concomitant use of chemotherapeutic agents may work synergistically to increase the risk of developing bladder injury from radiation. (medscape.com)
  • Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems are able to incorporate drugs or gene products with active anti-cancer activity but poor solubility, low bioavailability, or inadequate toxicological profile. (oaepublish.com)