• It is an allogenic stem therapy based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the bone marrow of adult donors. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study tested the hypothesis that double overexpression of miR-19a & miR-20a (dOex-mIRs) in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) effectively preserved left-ventricular-ejection-fraction (LVEF) in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (i.e., induced by doxorubicin) rat. (researchsquare.com)
  • While numerous teams continue to refine and expand the role of bone marrow and cord blood stem cells for their vanguard uses in blood and immune disorders, many others are looking to expand the uses of the various types of stem cells found in bone marrow and cord blood, in particular mesenchymal stem cells, to uses beyond those that could be corrected by replacing cells in their own lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are many studies involving autologous therapies and some allogenic therapies, based on the recovery of mobilized bone marrow cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and adipose derived stem cells that also include the stromal or adherent cell type that has an MSC phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ma DD , 2007 , 'Expression of Neurofilament Proteins in Adult Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Embryonic Stem Cells and Their Clinical Potential' , in Davenport LP (ed. (edu.au)
  • In particular, stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and immune cells, such as T-cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells, have been favored candidates for regenerative medicine and cell-based cancer immunotherapy, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell therapy is currently emerging as a potential new treatment for post MI patients with the assumption that recolonization of the areas of scarred myocardium with exogenously supplied surrogates or precursors of cardiomyocytes can restore function and ultimately affect clinical outcomes. (escardio.org)
  • Interestingly, contradictory data exist for transformation of bone marrow derived progenitor cells (BMPC) into new cardiomyocytes and alternative mechanisms as enhanced neovascularization, enhanced scar tissue formation due to augmented inflammatory response and decreased apoptosis have been suggested for the benefical effects of these cells on myocardial function after myocardial infarction (4). (escardio.org)
  • Moreover, it seems that paracrine action of skeletal myoblasts facilitate neighboring cardiomyocytes to maintain their replicative potential and/or stimulate differentiation of native cardiac stem cells (8,9). (escardio.org)
  • Nowadays, more and more studies have revealed that cells in the cardiovascular system (such as cardiomyocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, et al. (frontiersin.org)
  • Different phenotypes and subtypes of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), such as early and late EPCs, have been described according to their functionality. (intechopen.com)
  • The two largest subtypes of lung cancer are adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, which together account for about 80% of non-small cell carcinomas (NSCLS). (biomedfrontiers.org)
  • The bone morrow contains several stem cell types including hematopoetic stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, mesenchymal (stromal) stem cells and multipotent adult progenitor cells. (escardio.org)
  • Studies have shown that cell-to-cell mitochondrial transfer plays an essential role in regulating cardiovascular system development and maintaining normal tissue homeostasis under physiological conditions. (frontiersin.org)
  • We also discussed the advantage and challenges of mitochondrial transfer strategies, including cell-based mitochondrial transplantation, extracellular vesicle-based mitochondrial transplantation, and naked mitochondrial transplantation, for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. (frontiersin.org)
  • Given the complexity of the biological function of mitochondria, researchers have begun to consider rescuing the injured cells through mitochondrial transfer, that is, replacing damaged mitochondria with healthy mitochondria from donor cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Multiple research groups have developed artificial mitochondrial transfer/transplantation (AMT/T) methods that transfer healthy mitochondria into damaged cells and recover cellular function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition to intracellular mitochondrial movement, intercellular mitochondrial transfer between mammalian cells has recently been discovered. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Intercellular mitochondrial transfer can be regarded as an extension of intracellular mitochondrial movement or intercellular communication, which undoubtedly increases the mtDNA content of the recipient cells and restores the respiration and survival of the recipient cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the field of stem cells, cumulative evidence has shown that mitochondrial transfer contributes to stem cell-triggered repair of damaged cells [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Collectively, although scientists are increasingly aware of mitochondria's dynamic and transferable capabilities of mitochondria, the unclear mechanism and effectiveness of mitochondrial transfer/transplantation therapy limit its widespread application in diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, we also discuss the existing methods of artificial mitochondrial transfer/transplantation (AMT/T) and their therapeutic effects on diseases to explore the potential applications of mitochondrial transfer and transplantation in the treatment of mitochondrial-related diseases, mitochondrial diseases, and cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Stem-cell therapy has become controversial following developments such as the ability of scientists to isolate and culture embryonic stem cells, to create stem cells using somatic cell nuclear transfer and their use of techniques to create induced pluripotent stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Preclinical and some small-scaled clinical trials have suggested feasibility and safety of cardiac stem cell therapy. (escardio.org)
  • Various cell types have been tested experimentally for cardiac repair so far, but only those of autologous origin have yet undergone clinical testing due to immune competency. (escardio.org)
  • Although there is no definitive evidence, combinations of progenitor cells seem to be more benefical than specific stem cell type for cardiac repair (3). (escardio.org)
  • Repair of scar tissue constitutes a challenge for cardiac stem cell therapy due to lack of adequate nutrition and homing signals necessary for stem cells' engraftment and survival. (escardio.org)
  • Progenitor cell therapy is being investigated for the treatment of damaged myocardium resulting from acute or chronic cardiac ischemia and for refractory angina. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • For individuals who have acute cardiac ischemia who receive progenitor cell therapy, the evidence includes 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 200 patients, numerous small RCTs, and meta-analyses of these RCTs. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • For individuals who have chronic cardiac ischemia who receive progenitor cell therapy, the evidence includes a nonrandomized comparative trial and systematic reviews of smaller RCTs. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • Moreover, cell surface engineering plausible for cardiac remodeling and the future prospective will be discussed at the end. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As such, stem cell therapy cannot be regarded as a valid therapeutic option for patients with cardiovascular disease in the present era of evidenced-based medicine, yet it holds great hope for the future. (escardio.org)
  • Due to their secretory functions, differentiation capabilities, specific homing effects through chemotaxis, distinctive therapeutic potentials, and ex vivo expandability, cells have become an attractive reagent for advanced therapeutic strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, the ability to modify cells and manipulate their functions according to intended therapeutic designs has been the central scientific interest in the field of biomedical research. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell surface engineering to provide new characteristics and functions to cells has drawn continuous interest from researchers in biomedical science as cell therapy has emerged as a prominent therapeutic strategy equivalent and complementary to the conventional therapeutic approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Unfortunately, these breakthrough discoveries in both regenerative medicine and cancer immunotherapy using cells as therapeutic reagents soon faced a common problem: the inability to control cellular functions to maximize the therapeutic benefits. (biomedcentral.com)
  • hEPCs have been used for cell-based therapies due to their capacity to contribute in the re-endothelialization of injured blood vessels and neovascularization in ischemic tissues. (intechopen.com)
  • In addition to the functions of the cells themselves, paracrine soluble factors produced by stem cells, known as the stem cell secretome, have been found to be another mechanism by which stem cell-based therapies mediate their effects in degenerative, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases. (wikipedia.org)
  • There has been a rapid surge in clinical trials involving stem cell therapies over the last two to three years and those trials are establishing the clinical pathways for an emergent new medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Current therapies for NSCLC including chemotherapy regimens and drugs that target molecular changes in cancer cells have considerable downsides. (biomedfrontiers.org)
  • Professor Ma heads the Blood, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Programme at St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney. (edu.au)
  • His pioneering work spans discoveries in basic biology of blood stem cells and leukemia to first-in-human clinical trials for people with cancer and heart diseases, alongside shaping innovative policies in state health and healthcare financing. (ufl.edu)
  • In his early career Dr. Cogle discovered that blood stem cells make blood vessels and used that biology to invent new therapeutics and diagnostics for people with cancer and heart disease. (ufl.edu)
  • Cell-based therapy has expanded its influence in cancer immunotherapy, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The developmental story of cell-based cancer immunotherapy is not so different from MSCs in regenerative medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To further confirm that RHAMM is upregulated in NSCLC, we looked at mRNA levels in 57 paired lung adenocarcinomas and 49 pair lung squamous cell carcinomas from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). (biomedfrontiers.org)
  • In cultured primary fibroblasts and cancer cells, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin causes mtDNA damage and release, which leads to cGAS STING dependent ISG activation. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Advanced biomaterials have significantly contributed to three-dimensional cell culture systems in recent decades, and more unique and complex biomaterials have been proposed for improving stem-cell proliferation and controlled differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, we demonstrated that these automatically isolated cells bear proliferation and differentiation capacities comparable to manually isolated cells in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, several clinical trials showed an increased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and an improved regional perfusion following intramyocardial application of cluster of differentiation (CD) 133 + stem cells [ 5 - 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In clinical practice, these involve the life-long immunosuppression of the organ transplantation patients, the creation of the supporting environment for engineered tissues in the mended organ, the unsolved issues of cell survival and differentiation of the cell-based therapy, and the selection and development of vectors for gene therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The cytotoxic nature of chemotherapy brings with it undesirable systemic side effects, and almost always ultimately fails to result in remission. (biomedfrontiers.org)
  • Several preliminary reports have demonstrated that local stem cell transplantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction is safe and may lead to improved myocardial function and perfusion. (escardio.org)
  • Another stem-cell therapy, called Prococvhymal, was conditionally approved in Canada in 2012 for the management of acute graft-vs-host disease in children who are unresponsive to steroids. (wikipedia.org)
  • These include bone marrow-derived cells, peripheral blood derived stem cells and skeletal myoblasts (3). (escardio.org)
  • The resistant state of skeletal myoblasts to ischemia renders these cells suitable candidates for repair of chronically infracted and failing heart (5). (escardio.org)
  • Ruengsakulrach P, Visudharom K, Chaothawee L, Belkin M. Safety and Efficacy of Intramyocardial Implantation of Peripheral Blood Stem Cell for Cardiomyopathy. (tci-thaijo.org)
  • Adult-male SD rats (n=32) were equally divided into groups 1 (sham-operated control), 2 (DCM), 3 (DCM + iPS-MSCs/1.2 x 10 6 cells/administered by post-28 day's DCM induction) and 4 (DCM + iPS-MSC dOex-mIRs /1.2 x 10 6 cells) and euthanized by day 60 after DCM induction. (researchsquare.com)
  • This includes bone and cartilage repair, cell types into which MSCs readily differentiate, and immune conditions such as graft versus host disease and autoimmune conditions that utilize the MSC's immune suppressive properties. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The resulting genetically modified MSCs showed enhanced target homing effect and greater retention rate in the ischemic myocardium after the intravenous delivery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To determine the safety and efficacy of intramyocardial autologous blood stem cell injection for cardiomyopathy. (tci-thaijo.org)
  • A significant proportion of clinical studies that are underway involve bone marrow and cord blood stem cells for blood and immune disorders [ 3 ] and cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Preliminary studies related to multiple sclerosis have been conducted, and a 2020 phase 2 trial found significantly improved outcomes for mesenchymal stem cell treated patients compared to those receiving a sham treatment. (wikipedia.org)
  • Overall, this evidence has suggested that progenitor cell treatment may be a promising intervention, but robust data on clinical outcomes are lacking. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • The evidence is insufficient to determine the effects of the technology on health outcomes. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • Additional larger trials are needed to determine whether progenitor cell therapy improves health outcomes in patients with refractory angina. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • This usually takes the form of a bone-marrow transplantation, but the cells can also be derived from umbilical cord blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • The FDA has approved five hematopoietic stem-cell products derived from umbilical-cord blood, for the treatment of blood and immunological diseases. (wikipedia.org)
  • Research is underway to develop various sources for stem cells as well as to apply stem-cell treatments for neurodegenerative diseases and conditions such as diabetes and heart disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2014, the European Medicines Agency recommended approval of limbal stem cells for people with severe limbal stem cell deficiency due to burns in the eye. (wikipedia.org)
  • And the released mitochondria can also act as a distress signal to activate the rescue properties of recipient cells ( 12 , 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Although the efficacy of adoptive transfer of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was examined over several decades, genetically engineered T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) rapidly replaced the application of TILs due to their high specificity, non-MHC-restricted recognition of tumor antigen, superior potency, and improved in vivo persistency [ 9 , 13 , 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, it is necessary to develop culture systems which produce pure populations of tissue-specific stem-cells in vitro without the loss of stem-cell potential. (wikipedia.org)
  • This chapter provides an overview of the key role of hEPC in promoting angiogenesis and their potential use for cell therapy. (intechopen.com)
  • Cell therapy is a potential new treatment for post MI patients, but the main challenges are : the necessity to preserve immune competency and to gain adequate nutrition and homing signals necessary for stem cells' engraftment and survival. (escardio.org)
  • Stem-cell therapy is the use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition. (wikipedia.org)
  • As of 2016[update], the only established therapy using stem cells is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. (wikipedia.org)
  • this is the only widely practiced form of stem-cell therapy. (wikipedia.org)
  • For individuals who have refractory angina who receive progenitor cell therapy, the evidence includes phase 2 trials and a phase 3 pivotal trial. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • Two main approaches are taken for this purpose: two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell culture. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mitochondria not only serve as power plants in cells but also act as crucial regulators in many biological processes, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, redox balance, calcium homeostasis, protein quality control, and programmed cell death ( 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Several clinical trials have shown remarkable beneficial effects following their intramyocardial transplantation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In recent years, clinical trials with stem cells have taken the emerging field in many new directions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The rapid advance of stem cell clinical trials for a broad spectrum of conditions warrants an update of the review by Trounson (2009) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have chosen to concentrate on the emerging therapeutics that broadly involves a wide range of cell types in clinical trials registered on the National Institutes of Health's clinical trials web site. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Between May 2005 and February 2010, 126 consecutive patients underwent intramyocardial cell injection. (tci-thaijo.org)
  • Patients can be transitioned from clopidogrel to ticagrelor without interruption of antiplatelet effect. (medscape.com)
  • a donor's healthy bone marrow reintroduces functional stem cells to replace the cells lost in the host's body during treatment. (wikipedia.org)
  • this process can go too far, however, leading to graft vs host disease, the most serious side effect of this treatment. (wikipedia.org)
  • To be used for research or treatment applications, large numbers of high-quality stem cells are needed. (wikipedia.org)
  • Results of the nonrandomized trial are encouraging, because this is the first controlled trial that has reported a significant mortality benefit for progenitor cell treatment. (southcarolinablues.com)
  • The entire manufacturing process, the examination of cell number and viability of the final CP as well as the depletion of non-target cells were part of the validation process, which was performed in compliance with EU guidelines for GMP. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During chemotherapy, most growing cells are killed by the cytotoxic agents. (wikipedia.org)
  • In pathological conditions, damaged cells transfer dysfunctional mitochondria toward recipient cells to ask for help and take up exogenous functional mitochondria to alleviate injury. (frontiersin.org)
  • Based on these findings, the researchers proposed the bold idea of directly transplanting entire mitochondria, rather than drugs or whole cells, into lesions to explore the rescue effects of exogenous mitochondria. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At the same time, the first three trials using cells derived from pluripotent cells have begun. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These early trials are showing roles for stem cells both in replacing damaged tissue as well as in providing extracellular factors that can promote endogenous cellular salvage and replenishment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thousands of copies of the circular mtDNA are present in most cell types that are packaged by TFAM into higher-order structures called nucleoids1. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • In addition, mtDNA stress in TFAM-deficient mouse melanoma cells produces tumours that are more resistant to doxorubicin in vivo. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Inhabiting such a two-dimensional rigid substrate requires a dramatic adaption for the surviving cells because they lack the extracellular matrix that is unique to each cell type and which may alter cell metabolism and reduce its functionality. (wikipedia.org)
  • Three-dimensional cell culture systems may create a biomimicking microenvironment for stem cells, resembling their native three-dimensional extracellular matrix (ECM). (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies have shown that cells can eliminate defective mitochondria by delivering them to recipient cells (such as macrophages) to maintain homeostasis. (frontiersin.org)
  • In two-dimensional platforms, cells are typically exposed to a solid, rigid flat surface on the basal side and to liquid at the apical surface. (wikipedia.org)