gatae and otx genes provide input into the pregastrular regulatory system of foxa , and Foxa represses its own transcription,resulting in an oscillatory temporal expression profile. (biologists.com)
At the transition point, where the hindbrain system of segmentation gives way to regional patterning by local gradients in the midbrain, the most anterior hindbrain segment, rhombomere 1 (r1), expresses neither Hox or Otx genes and displays aspects of both patterning systems. (biomedcentral.com)
Otx210
Differential CRE Expression in Lhrh-cre and GnRH-cre Alleles and the Impact on Fertility in Otx2-Flox Mice. (nih.gov)
A prior study using the Gnrh-cre to delete the transcription factor Otx2 found fewer GnRH neurons, leading to male and female subfertility. (nih.gov)
Otx2, which is an encoded protein that plays the role of a transcription factor, has also been shown to be involved in the regional patterning of the midbrain and forebrain. (wikipedia.org)
It was found that without the Otx2 gene expression there was slow degeneration of photoreceptor cells in this area. (wikipedia.org)
Three of these cis-regulatory modules, O5, O7 and O9 indicate three distinct cellular expressions of Otx2. (wikipedia.org)
A "knockin" mouse line was generated where Crx (Otx family homeoprotein) was replaced by Otx2 and vice versa to examine the functional substitutability. (wikipedia.org)
In the absence of Otx2, this movement can be impeded, which can be overcome by the expression of Dkk1, but it does not prevent the embryo from developing head truncation defects. (wikipedia.org)
The absence of Otx2 and the enhanced expression of Lhx1 can also lead to severe head truncation. (wikipedia.org)
Dark-rearing from birth and binocular enucleation of rats resulted in decreased expression of PV-cells and Otx2, which suggests that these proteins are visually experience-driven. (wikipedia.org)
9 ]). The homeodomain (HD) TF OTX2 specifies the photoreceptor lineage by turning on the expression of cone rod homeobox (CRX) and its downstream TFs. (biomedcentral.com)
Pax21
Subsequently, a series of transcription factors including Pax2 , Pax5 , Pax8 , En1 , En2 are expressed at the Otx 2- Gbx 2 boundary that are required for maintenance of the MHB organizer and specification of the midbrain territory. (biomedcentral.com)
Genes encoding transcriptio1
This view reflects the amazing conservation of genetic apparatus that has been discovered across the Bilateria, particularly of genes encoding transcription factors and signaling molecules. (silverchair.com)
Gene expression9
Regulation of pre-mRNA splicing and polyadenylation plays a profound role in neurons by diversifying the proteome and modulating gene expression in response to physiological cues. (bvsalud.org)
In accordance with reduced tectal activity, slc39a14-/- zebrafish showed changes in visual phototransduction gene expression, absence of visual background adaptation and a diminished optokinetic reflex. (bvsalud.org)
Mutations in developmental factors responsible for pituitary cell specification and gene expression have been found in CPHD patients. (nih.gov)
Additional experiments suggest that mesenchymal FGFR1 and FGFR2 act as a sink for FGF ligands to dampen activation of Shh and BMP receptor gene expression by epithelial FGFR2 signaling. (biologists.com)
To address these questions, we focused on CRX, a disease-associated homeodomain TF required for photoreceptor gene expression and development. (biomedcentral.com)
Development and maintenance of each cell type in our body requires precisely regulated gene expression, where a set of genes required for specific cellular structure and function is activated, but other irrelevant genes are silenced. (biomedcentral.com)
Post-mitotic rod precursors undergo differentiation over an extended 2-week period, during which the cells establish a rod-specific gene expression profile, develop unique subcellular structures, and eventually can perform phototransduction. (biomedcentral.com)
By using a combination of in situ hybridization screening, overexpression of mRNA, recombinant ligand treatments, and morpholino-based loss-of-function studies, we identified a cohort of transcription factors and signaling molecules expressed in the ventral ectoderm , dorsal ectoderm , and interposed neurogenic ("ciliary band") region in response to the known key signaling molecules Nodal and BMP2/4 and defined the epistatic relationships between the most important genes. (echinobase.org)
Homeobox4
5. Aberrant expression of homeobox gene SIX1 in Hodgkin lymphoma. (nih.gov)
9. Comprehensive analysis of homeobox genes in Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines identifies dysregulated expression of HOXB9 mediated via ERK5 signaling and BMI1. (nih.gov)
16. Aberrant expression of NKL homeobox gene HLX in Hodgkin lymphoma. (nih.gov)
Embryonic3
19. Differential Hox expression in murine embryonic stem cell models of normal and malignant hematopoiesis. (nih.gov)
These developmental programs can be viewed as gene regulatory networks (GRNs), complex, dynamic networks of interacting regulatory (i.e., transcription factor-encoding) genes that determine the transcriptional states of embryonic cells ( Peter and Davidson, 2015 ). (elifesciences.org)
Others represent genes whose embryonic expression has not been previously reported. (biomedcentral.com)
Specific transcription2
The goal of this study was to identify and characterize novel mutations in pituitary specific transcription factors from CPHD patients. (nih.gov)
They support the view that GRN subcircuits, including specific transcription factor-CRE interactions, can remain stable over vast periods of evolutionary history. (elifesciences.org)
Neurons1
Here, we show that FEZF2 functions as a transcriptional repressor, and it regulates subtype-specific identities of both corticothalamic and subcerebral neurons by selectively repressing expression of genes inappropriate for each neuronal subtype. (stanford.edu)
Fgfr12
6-9) After hatching, expression of fgfr1 and chordin is initiated ventrally while nk2.2 and tbx2/3 start to be expressed dorsally. (echinobase.org)
We disrupted expression of Fgfr1 and Fgfr2 in salivary gland epithelial cells and found that both receptors function. (biologists.com)
Differential3
11. Differential expression of Hox, Meis1, and Pbx1 genes in primitive cells throughout murine hematopoietic ontogeny. (nih.gov)
In order to address this, we performed a high-resolution messenger RNA differential display screen to identify molecules whose expression is regionally restricted along the anteroposterior (AP) neuraxis during early chick development, with particular focus on the midbrain and hindbrain vesicles. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression studies confirmed the predictions of the primary differential display data. (biomedcentral.com)
However, it is known that the specification and subsequent patterning of the neural tube uses hierarchies of transcription factors working in combination with the activity of signalling centres located at discrete AP positions. (biomedcentral.com)
The caudalmost group constitutes the epibranchial placodes , which are located just dorsal to the region where the first through third pharyngeal pouches abut the cervical ectoderm (see Fig. 6.6A ). Their specification depends on signals (fibroblast growth factor [FGF] and bone morphogenetic protein [BMP]) emanating from the pharyngeal pouch endoderm. (clinicalgate.com)
Regulatory4
Second, goosecoid was identified as a central player in a regulatory sub-circuit controlling mouth formation, while tbx2/3 emerged as a critical factor for differentiation of the dorsal ectoderm . (echinobase.org)
Finally, and unexpectedly, a neurogenic ectoderm regulatory circuit characterized by expression of "ciliary band" genes was triggered in the absence of TGF beta signaling. (echinobase.org)
Using plasmid- and bacterial artificial chromosome-based transgenic reporter assays, we identified key cis -regulatory elements (CREs) and transcription factor inputs that regulate Sp-kirrelL , including direct, positive inputs from two key transcription factors in the skeletogenic GRN, Alx1 and Ets1. (elifesciences.org)
The apparently homologous expression of these genes in both insects and vertebrates has generated the view that the morphogenetic developmental programs generated by these regulatory molecules are conserved characters, and that the relevant body parts of insects and vertebrates may therefore be considered homologous. (silverchair.com)
Photoreceptor1
Genes near these "CRX Dependent" sites code for proteins important for photoreceptor physiology and function, and their transcription is significantly reduced in Crx deficient retinas. (biomedcentral.com)
Found1
First, Nodal was found to be essential for the expression of all ventral and dorsal marker genes, and BMP2/4 for all dorsal genes. (echinobase.org)
Activity1
4. The Hematopoietic TALE-Code Shows Normal Activity of IRX1 in Myeloid Progenitors and Reveals Ectopic Expression of IRX3 and IRX5 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. (nih.gov)
Role1
The encoded protein acts as a transcription factor and plays a role in brain and sensory organ development. (wikipedia.org)
Networks1
This is directed by transcription factor (TF) networks and their target DNA elements across the genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Unknown1
This approach identified 44 different genes, with both known and unknown functions, whose transcription is differentially regulated along the AP axis. (biomedcentral.com)