• We expand the model presented by Galor and Zeira (1993) to represent the fact that the economy benefits from endogenous technological progress and that the government provides financial aid to reduce the financial hurdles for human capital accumulation. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • The process of capital accumulation forms the basis of capitalism, and is one of the defining characteristics of a capitalist economic system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, the notion of "natural capital" was viewed in terms of the stock of physical properties and natural-material use values constituting real wealth and was seen as opposed to the growing "sense of capitalism" as a system of mere exchange value or cash nexus. (monthlyreview.org)
  • The first is the unity of capitalism's social functioning throughout all its development - from merchant and usury capital to industrial capitalism. (libcom.org)
  • First, he sees the movements of capitalist society and of capital as an evolution of the social relations of production, and, secondly, he uses this basis in order to reject the various reactionary Utopias that flourished spontaneously in Russia at the end of the 19th century in response to the impetuous development of capitalism. (libcom.org)
  • 8] Lenin is very insistent in his arguments against the 'sentimental critique' of capitalism, and on his stress on capital's historical necessity and progressiveness, but his analysis of the process of socialization induced by capitalist development against the 'disruption' of the artisan.peasant economy (i.e. of capital in its mercantile' stage) remains unilateral and limited. (libcom.org)
  • However, it's not the same to talk about "rentierism" as to talk about "rentier capitalism" or about an extroverted, peripheral, and rentier economy. (links.org.au)
  • Historically an increasingly complex division of labor is closely associated with the growth of total output and trade, the rise of capitalism , and of the complexity of industrial processes. (wikiquote.org)
  • The problem she saw in Volume Two of Capital revolved around a central question for all socialists - can capitalism go on forever? (marxists.org)
  • Like Marx, Luxemburg understood that capitalism was not the end of human development, but a historical system that would give way to change sooner or later. (marxists.org)
  • Is it that they are too narrowly focused on capitalism as an economic system? (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • I developed the expanded conception of capitalism in order to get away from base-superstructure versions of Marxism, which view the economic system as the real foundation of society, while treating everything else as a mere "superstructure. (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • What may be less clear and equally important is how necessary and meaningful gift is to the quality of real economic life in the U.S. as it has evolved in our time, in the context of capitalism. (rsfsocialfinance.org)
  • The paradox of the circular economy is that it seems to offer radical challenges to linear "take-make-waste" models of industrial capitalism, backed by international legislation, but it does not actually give up on unsustainable growth. (mit.edu)
  • Capitalism, food, and social movements: The political economy of food system transformation. (lu.se)
  • This, therefore, led to the growth and accumulation of capital and the overproduction of goods that culminated, in 1929, in the greatest crisis in the history of capitalism and in the outbreak of wars, such as the Second World War, the Cold War, and many other conflicts between countries in the years that followed. (bvsalud.org)
  • Economic Growth and Income Inequality. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • This thesis consists of three self-contained papers in theoretical and computational macroeconomics and growth theory with income inequality and human capital accumulation as common themes. (lu.se)
  • The paper develops a model for endogenous income inequality that fits US evidence while comparing popular income processes. (lu.se)
  • Regional growth is set to increase by 7.1 percent in 2021 and 2022, as the economic recovery in South Asia continues. (worldbank.org)
  • This primitive accumulation plays in Political Economy about the same part as original sin in theology. (connexions.org)
  • As a matter of fact, the methods of primitive accumulation are anything but idyllic. (connexions.org)
  • The so-called primitive accumulation, therefore, is nothing else than the historical process of divorcing the producer from the means of production. (connexions.org)
  • Those arguments were constructed during the critical period of primitive accumulation, and as a result, Luxemburg considered the context for land and natural resource dispossession, migrant labor, and ethno-patriarchal rule. (cadtm.org)
  • In the process, Luxemburg described and also theorized how settler colonialism's primitive accumulation was not a once-off affliction. (cadtm.org)
  • citation needed] In economics and accounting, capital accumulation is often equated with investment of profit income or savings, especially in real capital goods. (wikipedia.org)
  • Distributive Politics and Economic Growth, Scholarly Articles 455178, Harvard University Department of Economics. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • In more recent decades, however, mainstream neoclassical economics (sometimes with the help of ecological economists), together with corporate finance, have completely separated the concept of natural capital from its original use-value-based critique, the memory of which has long receded, conceiving natural capital instead entirely in exchange-value terms, as just another form of financialized capital. (monthlyreview.org)
  • In economics, an international mainstream dominates, which establishes optimized formal models that exclude many areas of economic relations, such as feminism, historical school, as well as post-Keynesianism, which considers the importance of demand and demand to be at least as important as good conditions for companies. (indymedia.org)
  • Not only in China, the rapid economic development in Japan and Germany's after the world war two also demonstrates that the accumulation of human capital is inevitable for economics. (scirp.org)
  • Whilst in Keynesian-type economics consumer demand drives production, Marxian political economics as well as environmental sociology views the economy as supply dominated 7 . (nature.com)
  • My own simple growth accounting for the fastest growing economies from 1991-2017 concurs: capital accumulation explains 50% of real GDP growth, and TFP explains 35 percent. (jobsanddevelopment.org)
  • Results: The estimated global economic cost of cancers from 2020 to 2050 is $25.2 trillion in international dollars (at constant 2017 prices), equivalent to an annual tax of 0.55% on global gross domestic product. (bvsalud.org)
  • With the liberalization of the market, which started in the sixteenth century, the argument for minimum intervention in the economy and in society intensified (Santos, 2017). (bvsalud.org)
  • Here we use 25 years of data describing the evolution of China's economy between 1990 and 2015--a period when China multiplied its GDP per capita by a factor of ten--to explore how Chinese provinces diversified their economies. (mit.edu)
  • These findings suggest that inter-regional and inter-industry learning played a role in China's great economic expansion. (mit.edu)
  • From a macro perspective, China's economic growth model is undergoing transformation. (hindawi.com)
  • China's social economy has moved from a stage of quantity accumulation to a stage of quality improvement. (hindawi.com)
  • China's economy has entered a new development cycle and will become the norm for some time in the future. (hindawi.com)
  • Prior to this, China's enterprise development had relatively low management requirements, and the investment and management of various resources such as human, financial, and material were relatively extensive. (hindawi.com)
  • China's industrialization process is a miracle in the world. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • We need to take a broad view of the world based on China's situation from the strategic level of building a modernized economic system, vigorously develop the real economy, and lay a solid foundation for building a modern economic system. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • Resource-based cities have played a vital role in China's economic development. (frontiersin.org)
  • Technologies do not appear or operate in a vacuum but have a socio-economic and cultural context. (bibliaimpex.com)
  • This type of framework bridges the gap between the environmental priorities of the UN Paris Agreement and the socio-economic and development priorities of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. (deloitte.com)
  • Super-exploitation was conceived, therefore, as a determining feature of the socio-economic configuration of the region. (cadtm.org)
  • Countries where businesses, governments and other institutions have engendered more trust experience stronger per capita real GDP growth, a standard measure of economic prosperity. (deloitte.com)
  • For example, one meta-analysis of the economic literature shows that a 10-percentage point increase in the share of trusting people within a country should raise annual per capita real GDP growth by about 0.5 percentage point. (deloitte.com)
  • Capital accumulation refers ordinarily to: real investment in tangible means of production, such as acquisitions, research and development, etc. that can increase the capital flow. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inequality, Human Capital Formation and the Process of Development (NBER Working Paper No. 17058). (uni-muenchen.de)
  • From Physical to Human Capital Accumulation: Inequality and the Process of Development. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Inequality, Human Capital and Development: Making the Theory Face the Facts (MPRA Paper No. 18973). (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Industrial development is the process by which economies learn how to produce new products and services. (mit.edu)
  • Economic Development and Cultural Change 54 (1): 237-275. (preventionweb.net)
  • Initial Conditions and Economic Development: The Malaysian Case 5. (e-elgar.com)
  • Human Capital Accumulation: Education Development in Malaysia 9. (e-elgar.com)
  • In the early years of the oil century, in the 30s, it was decided that the international rent would be internally distributed to promote national development and non-rentier capital accumulation. (links.org.au)
  • With the advent of the information age, smart cities will surely become the direction of future urban development, and human resource management on this basis must also keep pace with the times [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Thus, the unity of human resource management efficiency with the company's development strategy goals has become the key basis for the company to make important decisions [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In the new development state and cycle, China will continue to emerge a series of problems such as insufficient labor supply, reduction of human resources, lack of talents, and low quality of talents. (hindawi.com)
  • Based on the ORU model, we found that the yield of education changes along with the economic development of China by analyzing the yield of overeducation from 1997 to 2011. (scirp.org)
  • The economic development needs the support of human capital. (scirp.org)
  • Under the era of knowledge-based economy, specifically, education is playing a more and more important role in economic development to a single nation. (scirp.org)
  • In order to stay consistent with the standard NIPA data, we define intangibles as the sum of two categories: "intellectual property products" ( IPP )-which consists of research and development (R&D), software, and entertainment and artistic products-and investment in information processing equipment, i.e., high-tech equipment ( HT ). (chicagofed.org)
  • What might an analysis of gift streams tell us about the development of human consciousness in the 21st century in the United States? (rsfsocialfinance.org)
  • In accordance with the overall requirements and strategic arrangements put forward by the 19th CPC National Congress, we need to actively respond to the "re-industrialization" strategy of other countries, accelerate the construction of a strong manufacturing country, and continuously improve the quality and efficiency of economic development. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • The economy requires structural transformation, including the modernisation of agriculture, the development of industries which build on demand and supply linkages from agriculture, and continued institutional development in the legal and financial sectors. (imf.org)
  • Entrepreneurial activity, its emergence, and development are considered important for the well-being of nations, especially for those in transition from one economic system or industrial setting into another. (springer.com)
  • however, the contribution of entrepreneurship to the economic development and growth remains low. (springer.com)
  • The existence and development of entrepreneurial activities depend on many factors, spanning institutional, social, economic, and cultural (Acs et al. (springer.com)
  • Chinese-language journals focus on urban and economic transformation, while English-language journals focus on sustainable development and the circular economy, which are quite different. (frontiersin.org)
  • Their development mainly depends on the exploitation and processing of nonrenewable resources such as minerals, forests, and oil in the region. (frontiersin.org)
  • Naturally occurring disease outbreaks, laboratory accidents ( 3 - 6 ), and deliberate releases of pathogens ( 7 , 8 ) can have severe health ( 9 ) and economic impacts ( 10 ) and can greatly disrupt progress toward United Nations Sustainable Development Goals ( 11 ). (cdc.gov)
  • National Development Strategy of Mongolia defines in a comprehensive manner its policy for the next fourteen years aimed at promoting human development in Mongolia, in a humane, civil, and democratic society, and developing intensively the country's economy, society, science, technology, culture and civilization in strict compliance with global and regional development trends. (who.int)
  • The long-term development policy of Mongolia, its priorities, and strategies for their implementation and expected outcomes are defined in the MDG-based Comprehensive National Development Strategy of Mongolia in two phases: first, to achieve the Millennium Development Goals and intensive development of its economy in 2007-2015, and second, to make a transition to knowledge-based economy in 2016-2021. (who.int)
  • As the world economic and market relations are influenced by boundless information flow, huge movements of people, goods and services, and, based on that, a totally new context of globalization is emerging, countries around the world started to define their long-term policies for human, social development and economic growth coordinating them closely with global and regional development trends. (who.int)
  • Asia is emerging to become an important global development epicenter in addition to America and Europe, and this process is gaining momentum with rapidly developing economies and growing populations of India and China and attracting due attention of the world. (who.int)
  • The contradictions of the accumulation process lead to crises. (indymedia.org)
  • Instead it was, and remains , a systematic way to arrange capitalist and non-capitalist relations to the benefit of the former, as a means of addressing internal contradictions within the accumulation process, albeit in a context of growing resistance. (cadtm.org)
  • both capital (physical and human) accumulation and improvements in economic efficiency are central to the growth process. (jobsanddevelopment.org)
  • In order to improve the monitoring effect of corporate human resource efficiency under the smart city management model, this paper establishes an evaluation model for the human resource management model between different growth stages of the organization, different organizations in different industries, and different organizations in the same industry. (hindawi.com)
  • Moreover, this paper uses the three-factor vector evaluation model to modify the management efficiency of the human resource model and designs the corresponding intelligent enterprise human resource efficiency monitoring model. (hindawi.com)
  • Through experimental testing, it can be seen that the enterprise human resource efficiency monitoring system under the smart city management mode proposed in this paper has good practical results. (hindawi.com)
  • Human resource management efficiency is the effect of human resource management or the degree of tasks and expectations that can be completed for the organization. (hindawi.com)
  • The improvement of human resource management efficiency can provide the organization with more competitive advantages in the market. (hindawi.com)
  • In other words, investments, both domestic and foreign are bound to increase, and this enhances efficiency in production processes. (lse.ac.uk)
  • In Veblen's view, the endless curved driveway with a fountain display was attractive because it wasted a lot of land and showed an indifference to the principles of economy and efficiency. (corkfilmcentre.com)
  • The model predicts that labor immiseration -- i.e. full automation of the economy -- is inevitable unless learning efficiency is improved through capital taxation. (lu.se)
  • This nineteenth-century notion of "natural capital," conceived in physical, use-value terms, was to be revived in the 1970s and '80s as part of an emerging ecological critique. (monthlyreview.org)
  • At the same time, the Bank has down-played the importance for growth of accumulating more human or physical capital. (jobsanddevelopment.org)
  • With the advent of the era of the knowledge economy, knowledge workers have replaced physical capital such as traditional labor, capital, and land and have become the key to enterprise success. (hindawi.com)
  • This implies that they have reallocated their physical, human and financial resources towards more productive sectors such as manufacturing. (lse.ac.uk)
  • The main mechanism for these results are shown to be differences in skill profiles, cross-productivity of skills and the faster accumulation rate of physical vis-à-vis human capital due to advanced skills being more difficult to master. (lu.se)
  • The model accounted for (1) the effect of COPD mortality and morbidity on labour supply, (2) age and sex specific differences in education and work experience among those affected by COPD, and (3) the impact of COPD treatment costs on physical capital accumulation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Journal of Political Economy 103, 759-784. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • In order to develop a critical analysis of the current capitalist expropriation of world ecology, it is necessary to explore the concept of natural capital in the work of Marx and other early radical critics within classical political economy. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Earthquake fatalities: The interaction of nature and political economy. (preventionweb.net)
  • In 1912 Luxemburg was in the process of writing a popular pamphlet, An Introduction to Political Economy , when she ran into difficulties. (marxists.org)
  • In the tender annals of Political Economy, the idyllic reigns from time immemorial. (connexions.org)
  • Kohei Saito's Karl Marx's Ecosocialism: Capital, Nature, and the Unfinished Critique of Political Economy (KME) deals with how Marx conceived of the metabolism between humankind and nature. (logosjournal.com)
  • KME is an intervention in the contemporary debates about ecological problems within contemporary Marxism and about the significance of ecological elements in Marx's critique of political economy. (logosjournal.com)
  • Consistent with Chenery and Syrquin's findings, we see here that increased investment (gross fixed capital formation) drove growth in the largest countries (China, India, and Bangladesh), and a combination of net trade and investment featured in the smaller countries. (jobsanddevelopment.org)
  • India 's economy, South Asia's largest, is expected to grow by 8.3 percent in the fiscal year 2021-22, supported by increase in public investment to boost domestic demand and incentives schemes to boost manufacturing. (worldbank.org)
  • This book sketches a road map of privatisation, accumulation and dispossession of communal land in the tribal areas of North East India from pre-colonial times to the neo-liberal era. (bibliaimpex.com)
  • My alternative is focused on rethinking the relationship of the economic subsystem of capitalist society to its necessary background conditions of possibility - processes, activities, and relations that are considered noneconomic, but that are absolutely essential to capitalism's economy, like social reproduction, nonhuman nature, and public goods. (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • The economic structure of capitalist society has grown out of the economic structure of feudal society. (connexions.org)
  • Many countries experienced lower investment flows, disruptions in supply chains, and setbacks to human capital accumulation. (worldbank.org)
  • The Accumulation of Capital , first published in 1915, was both a major theoretical work and a political intervention, part of her ongoing battle to reassert the validity of revolutionary Marxism. (marxists.org)
  • The most basic conflict of our time, that of economic growth vs. ecological integrity, is driven by a common desire and demand to maintain the safety and comfort of our home. (dissidentvoice.org)
  • a world where all that one has seems to come from economic activity and not from the ecological processes which underlie and sustain all living existence. (dissidentvoice.org)
  • Saying that one is aware of ecological issues because one goes camping, hunting or boating is like saying that I know about economic issues because I go and buy something at the mall. (dissidentvoice.org)
  • But there are major differences between the primacy of the ecological order compared to the economic order. (dissidentvoice.org)
  • With extensive human and ecological footprints, international supply chains, and far-reaching brand influence, corporations are uniquely positioned to bring climate equity to scale and drive the global response. (deloitte.com)
  • Humanity, therefore, is facing issues of ecological survival on two levels: (1) a still reversible but rapidly worsening Earth System crisis, threatening to undermine civilization as a whole and make the planet uninhabitable for the human species, and (2) accelerating extreme weather and other ecological disasters associated with climate change that are now unavoidable in the coming decades, affecting localities and regions throughout the globe. (transcend.org)
  • The definition of capital accumulation is subject to controversy and ambiguities, because it could refer to: a net addition to existing wealth a redistribution of wealth. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most often, capital accumulation involves both a net addition and a redistribution of wealth, which may raise the question of who really benefits from it most. (wikipedia.org)
  • But if some accumulate capital only at the expense of others, wealth is merely shifted from A to B. It is also possible that some accumulate capital much faster than others. (wikipedia.org)
  • In principle, it is possible that a few people or organisations accumulate capital and grow richer, although the total stock of wealth of society decreases. (wikipedia.org)
  • social capital, i.e. the wealth and productive capacity that the people in a society hold in common, rather than as individuals or corporations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Standard indicators include capital formation, gross fixed capital formation, fixed capital, household asset wealth, and foreign direct investment. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the case of the US, the "Analytical Perspectives" document (an annex to the yearly budget) provides useful wealth and capital estimates applying to the whole country. (wikipedia.org)
  • The presented empirical results, using Korean data from 1998 to 2008, imply that education plays a significant role in the divergence of household wealth over time and that the government's financial aid package in the form of the new student loans program positively influences equality and short-run economic growth by promoting the number of skilled workers. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Finally, prices of manufactured products tend to increase overtime, a classic breakthrough to wealth accumulation and economic competitiveness. (lse.ac.uk)
  • It is true to say that mankind has developed the sufficient technical and productive capacity to sustain a social system in which wealth is freely available to all human beings. (worldsocialism.org)
  • President Xi Jinping has pointed out that the real economy is the foundation of a country's economy and source of wealth, and an important pillar of a strong and prosperous country. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • Same story: the financialization of the economy, and the resultant widening disparities of income between Wall Street and the rest of the nation, had concentrated immense wealth in Gotham. (kunstler.com)
  • Do the dynamics of private capital accumulation inevitably lead to the concentration of wealth in fewer hands? (corkfilmcentre.com)
  • These problems raise fundamental questions about the ways people pursue and exchange wealth and power, and about the ways societies and their economies are governed. (corkfilmcentre.com)
  • The aim of capital accumulation is to create new fixed and working capitals, broaden and modernize the existing ones, grow the material basis of social-cultural activities, as well as constituting the necessary resource for reserve and insurance. (wikipedia.org)
  • Contrary to a widely held view in Uzbekistan, moderate external deficits are beneficial-and are to be expected-when an economy starts to reform and modernize. (trend.az)
  • It is hardly surprising in this context that the first references to "natural capital" and to the "earth's capital stock" arose in this same period in the work of radical and socialist political economists, who sought to defend nature and the commons against the intrusions of the market. (monthlyreview.org)
  • In the context of underdevelopment, local accumulation rests heavily on political power and the ability it provides to appropriate public resources. (spiked-online.com)
  • Since gifts function outside of normative time, they also do not figure much in the context of economic discipline or finance. (rsfsocialfinance.org)
  • A new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation prominently featured by accelerated innovation and penetration of information network technology has emerged on a global scale, and the digital economy has become an important driving force for global economic growth. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • Nevertheless, while it is still possible to avoid irreversible climate change through a massive transformation in the mode of production, it is no longer feasible to circumvent accelerating environmental disasters in the present century on a scale never seen before in human history, endangering the lives and living conditions of billions of people. (transcend.org)
  • In macroeconomics, following the Harrod-Domar model, the savings ratio ( s {\displaystyle s} ) and the capital coefficient ( k {\displaystyle k} ) are regarded as critical factors for accumulation and growth, assuming that all saving is used to finance fixed investment. (wikipedia.org)
  • Together these developments represent a sea change in the capitalization of nature, such that all natural processes that involve ecosystem services to the economy are now increasingly seen to be subject to exchange on the market for profit-all in the name of conservation and climate change. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Climate change, human security and violent conflict. (preventionweb.net)
  • Yet climate change hits vulnerable communities and developing and emerging economies the hardest. (deloitte.com)
  • Effects of Human Capital and International Trade on Total Factor Productivity and Economic Growth 10. (e-elgar.com)
  • Prior studies have documented significant differences in total factor productivity (TFP) across economies (e.g. (springer.com)
  • First, Luxemburg's Accumulation gives us the basic tools to work through why there is a "ceaseless flow of capital from one branch of production to another, and finally in the periodic and cyclical swings of reproduction between overproduction and crisis" (2003, 76). (cadtm.org)
  • Capital can be created without increased investment by inventions or improved organization that increase productivity, discoveries of new assets (oil, gold, minerals, etc.), the sale of property, etc. (wikipedia.org)
  • But through greater openness, each was able to raise productivity through policies that supported comparative advantage in trade, and each was able to access foreign capital to help finance export-oriented and growth-enhancing investments. (jobsanddevelopment.org)
  • The Human Capital Index, which measures children's future productivity relative to a benchmark of full health and complete education, increased in nearly all sub-Saharan countries from 2010 to 2020 (Chart 1). (imf.org)
  • Third, industrialisation results into significant capital accumulation which enhances economic productivity. (lse.ac.uk)
  • What explains the large disparities in productivity across economies? (springer.com)
  • The epiphany part was when I realized that this miracle was altogether a product of the financialization of the US economy. (kunstler.com)
  • To those seriously interested in the whole spectrum of human affairs, (not excluding our interaction with 'Mother Nature') the current systemic/structural crises have become truly frightening. (capitalethiopia.com)
  • In doing so, it addresses a number of important factors and issues associated with economic growth, and aims to answer to one of the hardest and most fundamental questions - how do we get poor developing countries on the path to sustained growth? (e-elgar.com)
  • Despite devastating COVID-19 waves in the second quarter of 2021, countries were able to minimize economic impacts, thanks to more targeted and localized containment measures and a rebound in global demand. (worldbank.org)
  • In 2021, more than 300 human and environmental rights defenders were murdered - the most open form of systematic violence. (oxfam.org)
  • In addition to the medium-term uncertainties, the pandemic has left scars on the economy, the impacts of which can last well into the recovery. (worldbank.org)
  • World Bank projections show that economic activity in South Asia will stay well below the pre-pandemic trend for several years. (worldbank.org)
  • The COVID-19 pandemic has undercut human capital accumulation and gender equity. (imf.org)
  • The Role of Manufacturing in Economic Growth: A Kaldorian Perspective 8. (e-elgar.com)
  • The book, gives an overview of India's Act East Policy from economic and strategic perspective and enumerate on issues and areas whereby the North-Eastern states can effectively contribute to India's Act East Policy. (bibliaimpex.com)
  • From this perspective, a gift circulates into the future connected to and by human intentions but liberated from predicted outcomes. (rsfsocialfinance.org)
  • From a spatial perspective, we live in a one-world economy, a closed system in which every supply has a demand and every demand has a supply, and exchanges of goods and services are linked in circulation accounted for in money which in itself ages and is renewed. (rsfsocialfinance.org)
  • The potential crisis of the global economy has grown and not declined. (indymedia.org)
  • Venezuela entered a profound economic crisis beginning in 2014. (links.org.au)
  • His soon-to-be-published book La Larga Depresión Venezolana [The Long Venezuelan Depression], pinpoints the origins of the crisis in a closing cycle of capital accumulation that was based on oil exports. (links.org.au)
  • The yield of overeducation gradually increased from 1997 to 2011 but it fell after the economic crisis then rose up again in low velocity with the return of every job differing. (scirp.org)
  • After the outbreak of the international financial crisis in 2008, the promotion of "manufacturing return" and "re-industrialization" is one of the "crucial options" of developed countries and emerging economies to cope with the financial crisis, and also the key to enhancing their international competitiveness. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • After the international financial crisis, manufacturing industry has become the main battlefield of technological innovation, economic recovery and revitalization, and reconstruction of the international division of labor system. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • After the international financial crisis, profound changes have occurred in the manufacturing industry while the world economy has been undergoing deep adjustments. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • Unfortunately and like before, (the 2008 financial crisis, etc.) the global sheeple (human mass) is intentionally misled about the prevailing concrete reality. (capitalethiopia.com)
  • If the answer is yes, then human survival is indeed at stake in the environmental crisis. (transcend.org)
  • The marine plastics crisis sparked a wave of corporate interest in the circular economy, a sustainable business model that aims to eliminate waste in industrial systems through recycling, reduction, reuse, and recovery. (mit.edu)
  • Technological Progress and Long-run Economic Growth 3. (e-elgar.com)
  • Capital accumulation is the dynamic that motivates the pursuit of profit, involving the investment of money or any financial asset with the goal of increasing the initial monetary value of said asset as a financial return whether in the form of profit, rent, interest, royalties or capital gains. (wikipedia.org)
  • Capital's endless pursuit of new outlets for class-based accumulation requires for its continuation the destruction of both pre-existing natural conditions and previous social relations. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Since decolonization, Sub-Saharan Africa has made great progress on human capital-the knowledge, skills, and health that people accumulate throughout their lives, enabling them to realize their productive potential. (imf.org)
  • To say that something is a necessary background condition means that the capitalist economic system cannot function without it: capitalism's ability to purchase labor power and put it to work, to access raw materials and energy, to produce commodities and sell them at a profit, to accumulate capital, none of that can happen unless these "noneconomic" conditions are in place. (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • Second, as the capital flow turns from new sectors to new spaces, imperial power helps capitalist social relations dominate non-capitalist "natural economies. (cadtm.org)
  • Under this plan, Uganda is being transformed into a modern economy in which people in all sectors can participate in economic growth. (imf.org)
  • Routine cross-notification between the veterinary and human health surveillance systems should be part of any zoonotic disease prevention and control programme, and close collaboration between the two health sectors is particularly important during epidemiological and outbreak investigations. (who.int)
  • But the nature of investment has evolved over time: "Intangible assets"-such as intellectual property or software-play an increasingly important role in the modern economy. (chicagofed.org)
  • Increasingly, however, economies are relying on a stock of intangible assets, such as patents or computer programs and applications, but also general know-how and business processes, human capital, and networks of relationships with customers or suppliers. (chicagofed.org)
  • It employs a blend of historical, neoclassical, Kaldorian, and endogenous growth frameworks to shed further light on the growth process. (e-elgar.com)
  • What is frequently overlooked is the empirically well-established heterogeneity in the quality and quantity of entrepreneurship across countries as well as the arguably large differences in terms of resource exploitation across economies. (springer.com)
  • Positioning our work in the emerging literature dealing with the connection between entrepreneurship and economic growth (Acs et al. (springer.com)
  • She wrote, 'If we should ask why Marx's Capital affords no solution to this important problem of the accumulation of capital, we must bear in mind above all that this second volume is not a finished whole but a manuscript that stops half way through. (marxists.org)
  • But when I consulted Bosworth and Collins' " The Empirics of Growth: An Update " looking for numbers for Low-Income Countries (LICs) that would validate the thesis of "It's Not Factor Accumulation", I didn't find them. (jobsanddevelopment.org)
  • Both non-financial and financial capital accumulation is usually needed for economic growth, since additional production usually requires additional funds to enlarge the scale of production. (wikipedia.org)
  • Smarter and more productive organization of production can also increase production without increased capital. (wikipedia.org)
  • Like Sismondi, the Populists separate consumption from production claiming that production depends on natural laws, while consumption is determined by distribution, which in turn depends on human will. (libcom.org)
  • Only by interpreting 'production' in the former sense can one separate 'distribution' from it, and when that is done, the 'department' of production does not contain the categories of historically determined forms of social economy, but categories that relate to the labour process in general: usually such empty banalities merely serve later to obscure historical and social conditions. (libcom.org)
  • And vice versa, if production relations remain unexplained (for example if the process of production of the aggregate social capital is not understood) all arguments about consumption and distribution turn into banalities, or innocent, romantic wishes. (libcom.org)
  • This means that the Venezuelan state - as the owner of the oil resource - captures an international rent from the global production process. (links.org.au)
  • The overall production process has three kinds of revenues. (links.org.au)
  • Each kind belongs to a factor of production: profit to capital, wages to labor, and rent to property. (links.org.au)
  • That rent is captured from surplus that is generated elsewhere in the global process of production. (links.org.au)
  • Business stretched its global production chains ever deeper, defying core human rights, labour and environmental standards. (oxfam.org)
  • Third, commodity production results in foregone income and robs an economy of the potential to become competitive in global markets. (lse.ac.uk)
  • To start, investment is defined as the accumulation of assets that can be used for future production or consumption. (chicagofed.org)
  • It shows that if social reproduction goes awry, it can really make trouble for economic production. (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • Capitalist production and accumulation presuppose the availability of the material stuff on which production depends -- raw materials, sources of energy, sinks for disposing of waste. (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • Burn is a Portuguese slave colony with a sugar production monoculture dependent on the export of sugar as a cash crop to the world economy. (monthlyreview.org)
  • capitalistic production presupposes the pre-existence of considerable masses of capital and of labour power in the hands of producers of commodities. (connexions.org)
  • an accumulation not the result of the capitalistic mode of production, but its starting point. (connexions.org)
  • In themselves money and commodities are no more capital than are the means of production and of subsistence. (connexions.org)
  • a process that transforms, on the one hand, the social means of subsistence and of production into capital, on the other, the immediate producers into wage labourers. (connexions.org)
  • It appears as primitive, because it forms the prehistoric stage of capital and of the mode of production corresponding with it. (connexions.org)
  • Such an absolute catastrophe for civilization and the human species as a whole is still avoidable with a revolutionary-scale reconstitution of the current system of production, consumption, and energy usage, though the time in which to act is rapidly running out. (transcend.org)
  • This represents the culmination of a theoretical shift in the dominant economic paradigm aimed at the unlimited accumulation of total capital, now seen as including "natural capital. (monthlyreview.org)
  • However, existing societies, economies and cultures incite consumption expansion and the structural imperative for growth in competitive market economies inhibits necessary societal change. (nature.com)
  • The warnings surmise that humanity has failed to find lasting solutions to these changes that pose existential threats to natural systems, economies and societies and call for action by governments and individuals. (nature.com)
  • Supply constraints have pushed up inflation in the region and as the economy recovers, rising demand may sustain the high inflation. (worldbank.org)
  • Take the example of social reproduction: the activities, often performed by women outside the official economy, that sustain the human beings who constitute "labor. (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • The Bureau of Economic Analysis, Eurostat and the Japan Statistical Office provide data on the US, Europe and Japan respectively. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the supply of water is blocked or disrupted, this will have a great impact on organic life, for water is, as we all know, one of the bare necessities of life for human beings, other animals, and plants. (logosjournal.com)
  • Two recent events illustrate this impact on the living conditions of human beings. (logosjournal.com)
  • However, the most important challenge facing the health sector in the occupied Palestinian territories is the Israeli occupation itself, its continued savage aggression against Palestinians as human beings, the construction of military barriers and of the apartheid wall which separate different parts of Palestinian lands, also separating those lands from the rest of the world through the closure of crossing points and frontiers. (who.int)
  • Human Capital, Heterogeneity and Estimated Degrees of Intergenerational Mobility. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Against the background of inconclusive evidence about the inequality-growth relation, this paper suggests that the level of inequality increases via the human capital channel with credit market imperfections and that this increasing inequality negatively affects economic growth. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • The recent increases in interest rates imposed by the Federal Reserve to prevent inflation have been criticized for threatening the economic recovery, especially since inflation has barely increased. (nybooks.com)
  • In all 3 of these countries, the rise in imports offset the rise in exports, and so in aggregate, foreign savings (the capital account or net transfers) were used to finance part of the increase in investment. (jobsanddevelopment.org)
  • This suggests that the secular shift toward intangibles has reduced the responsiveness of aggregate economic activity to changes in the short-term interest rate set by the Federal Reserve-by about one-quarter according to our simple calculations. (chicagofed.org)
  • Economy always takes place in social contexts - even more: It is itself a result of social contexts. (indymedia.org)
  • The economy is a social science that offers interpretations. (indymedia.org)
  • Most of the world's adult population works in the so-called informal economy, often void of social or environmental decency standards. (oxfam.org)
  • Concurrently, economic management is becoming prudent, a middle class is emerging, and social indicators are rapidly improving. (lse.ac.uk)
  • The authorities have continued to press ahead with economic and social reforms on all fronts. (trend.az)
  • In 1913, Rosa Luxemburg's The Accumulation of Capital offered a unique contribution to the Marxist theory of imperialism partly because she drew on primary accounts of Africa's super-exploitation, with nuanced attention to the social formation emerging in South Africa. (cadtm.org)
  • There have been such moments in the past, such as the post-war social compromise between capital and labour specific to the social democratic state in the West, the actually existing socialism in the East, and the popular national projects of the South. (p2pfoundation.net)
  • Neoliberalism tore down governance structures, undermined tax systems, turned a blind eye on illicit capital flows , and privatised core public goods, including education, health and access to drinking water. (oxfam.org)
  • In that model, causality flows in one direction only, from the economic base to the legal-political superstructure. (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • Chart 1 describes the flows and relationships between different plan/policy processes in Uganda. (imf.org)
  • This innovative book accumulates the various, and often conflicting, growth theories, which enable a greater understanding of the growth processes in the developing world. (e-elgar.com)
  • Again, this moves is scaring the daylight out of the manipulative cliques, at the service of monopoly capital. (capitalethiopia.com)
  • So the conflict is between monopoly capital and workers and people who are invited to an unconditional surrender. (p2pfoundation.net)
  • In the face of war declared by monopoly capital, workers and peoples must develop strategies that allow them to take the offensive. (p2pfoundation.net)
  • Across most of sub-Saharan Africa, females fall behind males in human capital and related measures. (imf.org)
  • It has existed for hundreds of years and still occurs naturally in both animals and humans in many parts of the world, including Asia, southern Europe, sub-Sahelian Africa and parts of Australia. (who.int)
  • Since it was first reported in Vietnam in 2003, the disease has been responsible for human outbreaks and deaths in 15 countries in Asia, Europe, Middle East and Africa resulting in 603 human cases including 356 deaths. (who.int)
  • The processing of your data helps to ensure that targeted information about the ministry's work is made available to the public. (bundesfinanzministerium.de)
  • The legal basis for the processing is section 3 (1) of the E-Government Act ( E-Government-Gesetz ) in conjunction with section 3 of the Federal Data Protection Act ( Bundesdatenschutzgesetz ). (bundesfinanzministerium.de)
  • but import and export data show early signs of an overheating economy. (trend.az)
  • such an occurrence may affect the data of the process of adjustment, but it does not affect its essence. (mises.org)
  • How is data accumulation and data use negotiated and regulated? (lu.se)
  • The core assumption of this study is that access to and use of data represent emerging means for consolidating and challenging power next to financial capital and personal ties. (lu.se)
  • As the IEG told its investors, while the asset value of the world economy is $512 trillion, the asset value of the earth's natural capital is estimated at $4 quadrillion ($4,000 trillion), all potentially for the taking. (monthlyreview.org)
  • As such, the economy is structurally extroverted: it is oriented toward supplying a world market. (links.org.au)
  • In other words, not only is the economy dependent on oil for its insertion into the world market but, for nearly a century now, capital accumulation in the country has been driven by the oil rent. (links.org.au)
  • It's basically an absorption of work (which is the origin of all value) toward the Venezuelan economy: the value is produced in these geographic spaces of the capitalist world economy and is captured through the mechanism of state property. (links.org.au)
  • We all want the same things: sufficiency of sustenance, safety and health, human companionship and a sense of connection with and comprehension of the activities of the world beyond our direct powers of intervention. (dissidentvoice.org)
  • Learning to navigate the Byzantine mazes of the economic world has become an all-consuming occupation. (dissidentvoice.org)
  • So, humans relax their pretence to govern the world, and swim passively in the flow of time. (versobooks.com)
  • The world economy has been stagnating for years, but we have been unable to recognise it, to accept it, to deal positively with the secular stagnation. (versobooks.com)
  • Historically this convention has arisen from a painful injustice in the system-the value and profit which arises out of the economic activity carried out by the working world community accrue primarily to individuals. (rsfsocialfinance.org)
  • The economic domain of the world order, which anchors all other institutions, (more or less) is unstable. (capitalethiopia.com)
  • First, over-dependence of commodit y exports exposes an economy to volatility in international prices, dwindling prospects for long-term growth. (lse.ac.uk)
  • not only the product of labour but labour itself, i.e. human labour power, assumes the form of a commodity' [2] Lenin thus lays a sound foundation for his polemic with the Populists (the Narodniks). (libcom.org)
  • National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Shrinkage means the voluntary downsizing of the national economy, including a reduction in gross domestic product. (indymedia.org)
  • That rent then gets distributed inside the national economy. (links.org.au)
  • The idea was that, by asserting the state's sovereignty over the resource, one could maximize the oil rent that the country captured [on the international market], which would be directed toward developing the national economy, thereby breaking its dependence on oil. (links.org.au)
  • The captured value, which comes in the form of money-capital, does not have a counterpart in the national process of work. (links.org.au)
  • The rentier state can use that money-capital to motorize the national economy. (links.org.au)
  • Hypercapitalism at national and international levels is the driver of all these processes. (oxfam.org)
  • In the present study the case of Paliyan tribe is taken up to assess the impact of changing ecology and economy and the extent of developmental process initiated by both government and non-government agencies to bring them into the national mainstream along with the degree. (bibliaimpex.com)
  • Manufacturing industry is the main part of the national economy, and also the foundation of a strong country. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the CPC Central Committee with President Xi Jinping at the core has taken strengthening real economy and developing manufacturing continuously as the major strategic option for China, and has strived to promote China to move from being a big manufacturer to a strong manufacturer. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • China needs to learn from the historical experience and lessons of the manufacturing evolution in developed countries, especially of their "de-industrialization", and further consolidate the pillar position of manufacturing industry in its national economy. (chinadaily.com.cn)
  • This includes major consultative exercises concerning Uganda's long term goals and objectives, such as Vision 2025, describing national aspirations, and the 1997 Poverty Eradication Action Plan as a national planning framework to guide detailed medium term sector plans, district plans, and the budget process. (imf.org)
  • The proposed human resource management model is based on the deduction result of human resource planning and design, work system design and employee system design, and the dynamic matching of the three. (hindawi.com)
  • Further exasperating the situation brought about by this nonsense is the monetary system that underpins the global economic regime. (capitalethiopia.com)
  • fostering a democratic system of governance, which serves its citizens, protects human rights and freedoms, and is free from corruption and red tape. (who.int)
  • Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 38 (2016): 55-68. (mit.edu)
  • Structural Change, Labour Utilization and Economic Growth 7. (e-elgar.com)
  • Venezuela has a special type of semi-peripheral economy: it has a relatively privileged position as far as the distribution of the surplus that the global economy generates is concerned - based on its possession of a resource that is not the result of work done inside the country - even if overall it has all the structural characteristics of a dependent economy. (links.org.au)
  • Accumulation can be measured as the monetary value of investments, the amount of income that is reinvested, or as the change in the value of assets owned (the increase in the value of the capital stock). (wikipedia.org)
  • Monetary policy acts on the economy primarily through its effects on investment spending. (chicagofed.org)
  • The discussions focused on the economic outlook, especially for inflation, the 2019 budget, reducing credit market segmentation, improving statistics, and better coordinating technical assistance. (trend.az)
  • Moreover, human resources have evolved from traditional personnel management to today's strategic human resource management in response to environmental changes and organizational needs. (hindawi.com)
  • The period in which I wrote the Accumulation belongs to the happiest of my life. (marxists.org)
  • South Asia's recovery continues as global demand rebounded and targeted containment measures helped minimize the economic impacts of the recent waves of COVID-19. (worldbank.org)
  • We review and summarise those studies that holistically assess the impact of human activities, in the sense that impacts are not restricted to the home, city, or territory of the individuals, but instead are counted irrespective of where they occur. (nature.com)
  • For vulnerable communities that have long relied on high-emitting industries for work and to maintain local economies, net zero isn't a hopeful benchmark-it signals uncertainty and a potential loss of livelihood. (deloitte.com)
  • China and the USA face the largest economic burdens from COPD, accounting for INT$1·363 trillion (uncertainty interval 1·034-1·801) and INT$1·037 trillion (0·868-1·175), respectively. (bvsalud.org)
  • There is an urgent need for a pluralistic opening of the economic sciences, so that the argumentative dispute about the ethically correct interpretation of market-competitive interaction relations and the status of market logic again becomes a normal part of economic discourse. (indymedia.org)
  • The gross market rate would have to rise on account of the positive price premium which, with the progress of the expansionist process, would have to rise continually. (mises.org)
  • In any case while the costs of some loans, particularly mortgages,have risen, they cannot possibly just by themselves have a large economic effect, even though sharp turns in the market are attributed to them. (nybooks.com)
  • It is not only accumulation that is dependent on access to the state but also political support. (spiked-online.com)
  • Economic Interpretations of Intergenerational Correlations. (uni-muenchen.de)