• However, there has been a relative lack of research comparing COVID-19 outbreaks and responses between Muslim-majority countries. (who.int)
  • Social distancing measures have been successfully implemented in several epidemics. (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies of the SARS and Ebola epidemics as well as natural disasters have taught us lessons about the importance of planning for and responding to the mental health needs of health care and frontline workers. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • The WHO chose the name 'COVID-19' to prevent the kind of stigmatization that happened in previous epidemics, such as Ebola - the name of a river in the Democratic Republic of Congo - and the 'Spanish Flu' - inaccurately named for the assumed origin of the 1918 pandemic influenza. (taskforce.org)
  • A syndemic describes the negative interaction between diseases or epidemics, which are worsened by social inequalities like poverty, stigma, stress, and structural violence. (theconversation.com)
  • They must also improve support for survivors during infectious disease outbreaks, epidemics and pandemics. (theconversation.com)
  • When these outbreaks occur, they are referred to as epidemics, or once spread to multiple continents, pandemics. (lse.ac.uk)
  • Epidemics and pandemics describe the circulation of an infectious illness within a short time frame. (lse.ac.uk)
  • Nearly all countries are faced with the global threat of emerging infectious diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), influenza epidemics, and other infectious diseases. (jnmsjournal.org)
  • The African Union recently rolled out the Partnership to Accelerate Covid-19 Testing (PACT) building on the lessons from past outbreaks and epidemics. (thefirstmileproject.com)
  • African Union (AU) leaders made a key political decision: to establish a strong and efficient public health agency to help the continent to better prepare, better respond and ultimately recover from outbreaks and epidemics. (thefirstmileproject.com)
  • Across the world, EIS o'cers conduct surveil ance and respond to epidemics, chronic diseases , and injuries. (cdc.gov)
  • Keeping a set physical distance from each other and avoiding hugs and gestures that involve direct physical contact, reduce the risk of becoming infected during outbreaks of infectious respiratory diseases (for example, flu pandemics and the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020. (wikipedia.org)
  • COVID-19, a novel respiratory disease first identified in late December 2019, was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March, 2020. (who.int)
  • A similar increase was seen in the 2018 to 2020 Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). (theconversation.com)
  • During the 2018 to 2020 Ebola outbreak in the DRC, for example, sexual and physical violence against women and girls was reported to have increased in a number of ways. (theconversation.com)
  • The COVID-19 outbreak was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, and the disease continues to cause significant damage worldwide. (researchsquare.com)
  • 2020 ). In particular, several studies have shown that individuals may experience the spread of COVID-19 and the social distancing and self-quarantine measures instituted to mitigate its spread as traumatic stressors (Brooks et al. (researchsquare.com)
  • Accordingly, Liberia, with strong defense against the disease, through the leadership of Dr. Fallah and with support and partnership with the Ministry of Health, did not record a case until in March of 2020. (womenvoicesnewspaper.org)
  • Deadly and disruptive as it already is, and terribly as it could yet worsen and spread, the 2020 coronavirus outbreak could also have political effects that last long after the contagion is contained. (crisisgroup.org)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) described the disease caused by the virus as Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) on 10 January 2020 [3]. (ospublishers.com)
  • However, on the 30th January 2020, the WHO revealed the causative virus as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and due to the rapid spread of the disease, the body declared it a 'Public Health Emergency of International Concern' [4, 5]. (ospublishers.com)
  • As of 11th March 2020, there were over 118,000 cases of the disease in 114 different countries around the world, and the WHO had to describe the outbreak as a pandemic given its fast spread from continent to continent in a speed of light [6]. (ospublishers.com)
  • On January 30, 2020, the WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak a global health emergency. (medscape.com)
  • Early in the pandemic (April 3, 2020), the CDC issued a recommendation that the general public, even those without symptoms, should wear face coverings in public settings where social-distancing measures were difficult to maintain to abate the spread of COVID-19. (medscape.com)
  • CONTEXT: Between April 2020 and May 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) awarded more than $40 billion to health departments nationwide for COVID-19 prevention and response activities. (cdc.gov)
  • SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak Investigation in a Hospital Emergency Department - California, December 2020 - January 2021. (cdc.gov)
  • We describe a large SARS-CoV-2 outbreak involving an acute care hospital emergency department during December 2020 and January 2021, in which 27 healthcare personnel worked while infectious, resulting in multiple opportunities for SARS-CoV-2 transmission to patients and other healthcare personnel. (cdc.gov)
  • To slow down the spread of infectious diseases and avoid overburdening healthcare systems, particularly during a pandemic, several social-distancing measures are used, including the closing of schools and workplaces, isolation, quarantine, restricting the movement of people and the cancellation of mass gatherings. (wikipedia.org)
  • Authorities have encouraged or mandated social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic as it is an important method of preventing transmission of COVID-19. (wikipedia.org)
  • In St. Louis, shortly after the first cases of influenza were detected in the city during the 1918 flu pandemic, authorities implemented school closures, bans on public gatherings and other social-distancing interventions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Social distancing, combined with the use of face masks, good respiratory hygiene and hand washing, is considered the most feasible way to reduce or delay a pandemic. (wikipedia.org)
  • During the COVID-19 pandemic, for example, the World Health Organization recommends that a distance of 1 m (3.3 ft) or more is safe. (wikipedia.org)
  • Digital proxies of human mobility and physical mixing have been used to monitor viral transmissibility and effectiveness of social distancing interventions in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. (nature.com)
  • At a time when the nation is desperate for authoritative information about the coronavirus pandemic, the country's foremost agency for fighting infectious disease outbreaks has gone conspicuously silent. (ijpr.org)
  • The CDC normally takes the lead in outbreaks, ranging from the 2009 flu pandemic to Ebola to the lung injuries caused by vaping. (ijpr.org)
  • Prior to the current pandemic, people in the Global North had become accustomed to the effective treatment of infectious diseases that are caused by viruses, bacteria or microbial parasites through anti-viral medicines, vaccines and antibiotics. (isj.org.uk)
  • This study aimed to analyze the social representations of Internet users, from comments to reports on Coronavirus in the first months of the pandemic in Brazil. (bvsalud.org)
  • While this pandemic is caused by a virus, Zoonotic disease could also be caused by bacteria, parasites, and fungi. (ndtv.com)
  • Examples of such emergencies include the Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa between 2013 - 2016 which had a case fatality rate of over 70% (World Health Organization, 2014), as well as the 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic which spread rapidly and caused an estimate of 50 million deaths. (lse.ac.uk)
  • MONROVIA - As the African continent is being praised in its efforts towards the fight against the global pandemic, the Coronavirus Disease or COVID-19, the former Director General of the National Public Health Institute of Liberia (NPHIL) has been highlighted as one of the key figures in stopping the spread of the pandemic. (womenvoicesnewspaper.org)
  • This study aimed to analyze the public perception of noncompliance with home quarantine during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. (jnmsjournal.org)
  • Measures available to public health officials around the world to control such a pandemic include encouraging citizens to wear facemasks in public places, canceling public events, closing schools, separating and isolating suspicious cases, administering online public education, formulating home quarantine protocols, social distancing, and travel restrictions, and supervising and emphasizing compliance with health and screening recommendations. (jnmsjournal.org)
  • From travel restrictions to social distancing, what is the best way to stop a pandemic? (gavi.org)
  • With the COVID-19 outbreak now officially declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, more countries are stepping up efforts to bring it under control. (gavi.org)
  • During the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic, American Samoa completely escaped the disease through a mix of strict quarantine for travelers and travel bans while then-Western Samoa did not impose similar measures and suffered many deaths from influenza. (gavi.org)
  • Social distancing policies, such as school closures and self-quarantine measures, were used during the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the 2009 H1N1 influenza (flu) pandemic to thwart the spread of disease. (nhspi.org)
  • It is very dangerous at the peak of this pandemic to treat this virus as pedestrian, especially by making false equivalence arguments to previous experiences with pandemic viruses," said Mark Cameron, an immunologist at Case Western Reserve University who helped contain the outbreak of SARS. (mashable.com)
  • Published research articles focusing on the COVID-19 pandemic and some previous outbreaks were systematically reviewed. (ospublishers.com)
  • Even in this modern era, outbreaks are nearly constant, though not every outbreak reaches pandemic level as COVID-19 has. (visualcapitalist.com)
  • Results: only 56.2% of CHWs had received training on any health topic in 12 months prior to COVID-19 pandemic and only 19.2% had specifically received training on outbreak preparedness. (bvsalud.org)
  • The spread of the virus from rural to urban areas was unprecedented, as transmission of the highly infectious disease had never been registered in West Africa before. (thefirstmileproject.com)
  • There were tough lessons learned from the 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak: not just the high human cost, but also the incalculable socio-economic impact that the affected countries in West Africa are still recovering from today. (thefirstmileproject.com)
  • Background: Lassa fever is a viral haemorrhagic illness responsible for disease outbreaks across West Africa. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • 7 found that 2 years after the SARS outbreak, health care workers who treated these patients had elevated rates of smoking and drinking, absenteeism due to stress or illness, decreased face-to-face contact with patients, and decreased work hours.Yet rates of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and other mental illness were not elevated. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • Yet we now possess such precise molecular biology tools that it was possible for scientists to determine the genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2 within weeks of the initial Covid-19 outbreak in the city of Wuhan in central China. (isj.org.uk)
  • Nevertheless, this detailed insight into the nature of the infectious substance failed to prevent SARS-CoV-2 rapidly spreading around the world and causing a an enormous global crisis. (isj.org.uk)
  • Moreover, although social distancing and lockdown measures have managed substantially to slow the spread of the virus in many countries for the time being, it is quite possible that once lockdowns are ended, SARS-CoV-2 will start to rapidly spread once more. (isj.org.uk)
  • It was related to the epidemic generated by SARS-CoV-2 or Coronavirus, which caused the COVID-19, a disease with a varied clinical picture, from asymptomatic infections to severe symptoms. (bvsalud.org)
  • The SARS-Cov2 virus that causes the COIVD-19 disease is believed to have originated in Wuhan, China. (ndtv.com)
  • Most of the outbreaks in recent past have been in this category of diseases be it SARS (Severe acute respiratory syndrome), MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome ), Swine Flu or (SIV), Ebola, ZIKA Virus, NIPAH Virus or COVID-19 now. (ndtv.com)
  • How do you put it together vs SARS, MERS, Ebola, and all of the other viruses you've had to deal with? (medscape.com)
  • These "spillover events" are becoming increasingly common as humans encroach further into the natural world and have originated some of the worst outbreaks in recent memory, including SARS, Ebola, HIV and likely the new coronavirus too. (sciencenews.org)
  • Take, for example, the SARS outbreak in 2003 (also a coronavirus), the H1N1 flu in 2009, or even the ongoing HIV epidemic . (mashable.com)
  • Unlike SARS or Ebola, which sicken people relatively quickly , many folks infected with this coronavirus are healthy carriers, meaning they can unwittingly spread the microbe ( even by talking ) while they feel fine. (mashable.com)
  • Illness caused by SARS-CoV-2 was termed COVID-19 by the WHO, the acronym derived from "coronavirus disease 2019. (medscape.com)
  • It considers local persons' access to benefits of research in the aftermath of outbreaks and preparedness for outbreaks, drawing on lessons from both the 2013-2016 EVD outbreak and ongoing research in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. (ama-assn.org)
  • The WHO guidelines are particularly salient in light of the current EVD outbreak in the North Kivu and Ituri provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), declared a PHEIC in July 2019. (ama-assn.org)
  • November 18 marked 42 days, or two incubation periods, since the last survivor in Equateur Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) tested negative for Ebola. (cdc.gov)
  • The influenza fatality rates in St. Louis were much less than in Philadelphia, which had fewer cases of influenza but allowed a mass parade to continue and did not introduce social distancing until more than two weeks after its first cases. (wikipedia.org)
  • During the avian influenza outbreak in Thailand, public health education campaigns and general media reports about avian influenza appear to have been effective in reaching rural people (Olsen et al. (lse.ac.uk)
  • A voluntary network of laboratories that submit test data to the CDC will provide valuable information as another early indicator of spread, along with other respiratory diseases (eg, influenza, RSV). (medscape.com)
  • Ms. Holton has led leadership roles in many public health emergencies, including H1N1 influenza, the earthquakes in Haiti and Japan, H7N9 influenza, Middle East respiratory syndrome, Ebola, and most recently Zika. (cdc.gov)
  • 7.2 Importance of advocacy and social mobilization activities in controlling avian influenza. (who.int)
  • A key factor in containing infectious diseases is compliance with health recommendations such as social distancing and home quarantine. (jnmsjournal.org)
  • Compliance with home quarantine requires the support of people and officials to contain infectious diseases. (jnmsjournal.org)
  • Quarantine means the isolation of people who have presumably been exposed to the infectious disease but do not feel sick. (jnmsjournal.org)
  • Enforcing restrictions on travellers to prevent the spread of infectious disease dates back hundreds of years and in fact has its roots in origins of the word quarantine-stemming from the Italian for "forty", the number of days ships had to wait before entering a port when suspected of carrying contagious disease. (gavi.org)
  • These three factors-PTO, telecommuting, and high-speed internet access from home-can enhance the likelihood individuals will adhere to social distancing and quarantine measures. (nhspi.org)
  • Some countries with top and robust healthcare systems are obviously struggling to contain the outbreak, and most countries have adopted a partial or complete lockdown, as well as public health measures such as social distancing, quarantine, isolation and community containment strategy, to delay the spread of the virus and protect the healthcare systems. (ospublishers.com)
  • Nevertheless, certain frequently updated measures such as social distancing, quarantine, repatriations of citizens and workplace preparedness have been proposed by health agencies to help delay and reduce disease transmission pattern, thereby reducing the pressure on health services across the globe [7, 8]. (ospublishers.com)
  • In past health emergencies, the agency has not only provided specific numbers and data about the changing status of an epidemic, but also offered informed commentary on the likely course of an outbreak and the best known strategies for mitigation and containment. (ijpr.org)
  • T he situation has improved as local leaders educate their communities about the disease and the response to the epidemic. (taskforce.org)
  • In a recent paper we examined how the response to the Ebola epidemic failed to protect women and girls from violence. (theconversation.com)
  • We had to learn the hard way," Liberian public health expert Dr. Mosoka Fallah told TIME in March, referring to Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia, the three West African countries that bore the brunt of the 2013-16 Ebola epidemic. (womenvoicesnewspaper.org)
  • That epidemic redefined the social contract between African citizens, its diaspora as well as its continental leadership. (thefirstmileproject.com)
  • In public health, social distancing, also called physical distancing, is a set of non-pharmaceutical interventions or measures intended to prevent the spread of a contagious disease by maintaining a physical distance between people and reducing the number of times people come into close contact with each other. (wikipedia.org)
  • 10 Moreover, testing novel vaccines and interventions on humans is sometimes only possible in the context of outbreaks, especially when it would be too risky to pursue human challenge experiments (ie, intentionally infecting subjects). (ama-assn.org)
  • These interventions have ranged in complexity and severity from use of face masks, hand hygiene and physical distancing to curfews, international travel restrictions, military-led nationwide lockdowns and border closures. (who.int)
  • But what we do know is that with these kinds of outbreaks, especially ones in which an infectious disease can spread in a population that does not have immunity to that disease, the speed of the response is paramount, and when there no cure or vaccine available, non-pharmaceutical interventions play an even more critical role. (gavi.org)
  • Such interventions include anything from early detection and travel restrictions, to isolation, social distancing and reducing human-to-human contact. (gavi.org)
  • The CDC advised that nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are the most important response strategy for delaying viral spread and reducing disease impact. (medscape.com)
  • Population-wide social distancing plus other interventions (eg, home self-isolation, school and business closures) are strongly advised. (medscape.com)
  • However, many of these measures such as social distancing and school closures, as well as closure of places of worship, have only rarely been implemented and require a combination of community buy-in and governmental oversight. (who.int)
  • In March 2019, it was reported that blood samples taken during the West African EVD outbreak, which were reportedly held by American and British authorities, were being withheld from researchers in the countries they were taken from. (ama-assn.org)
  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) blindsided the world. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • [1] The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease, which has recently caused great concern worldwide. (jnmsjournal.org)
  • Dear Editor, Coronavirus disease, first emerged in Wuhan, China, rapidly spread all over the country since December 2019. (paho.org)
  • Dear Editor, We read with interest an article on novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recently published in the journal by Lin et al. (paho.org)
  • To the Editor, We read with interest the recent review in the Journal by Wax and Christian1 on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). (paho.org)
  • formerly called 2019-nCoV), which was first identified amid an outbreak of respiratory illness cases in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. (medscape.com)
  • As of 2019, the disease is only endemic, or natural y occurring, in two countries: Pakistan and Afghanistan. (cdc.gov)
  • The toll of COVID-19 is far greater than the 500,000+ people killed so far, the more than 10 million confirmed cases, the loss of work, and the challenges of social isolation. (taskforce.org)
  • Additionally, social distancing, isolation, and safety protections like face masks can reinforce feelings of "otherness" and uncertainty. (taskforce.org)
  • Apart from the physical toll of the disease itself, people experience psychological distress due to traumatic stressors related to isolation and disturbed routines and family and social life (e.g., loss of family and loved ones due to COVID-19) (Hetkamp et al. (researchsquare.com)
  • Conflict-affected environments are especially vulnerable to the outbreak of infectious diseases, are less likely to be able to identify and respond to outbreaks, and are less equipped to stop their spread within and beyond their often porous borders. (lowyinstitute.org)
  • However, CHWs´ ability to respond to outbreaks depends on their accurate knowledge of the disease and proper adoption of disease prevention practices. (bvsalud.org)
  • The Global Health Security Agenda is a framework that governments and other stakeholders can use to strengthen countries' capacities to prevent, detect and respond to outbreaks but there are few examples of academic programs using this approach. (bvsalud.org)
  • Previous outbreaks, such as that of Ebola in 2014 and H1N1 in 2009, have also shown that the timely use of NPIs and implementation of such measures can have an impact in reducing the spread of infectious diseases (5,6). (who.int)
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that almost 18 of the 26 million H1N1 infected workers in the fall of 2009 took days off from work, but the remaining 8 million workers did not and likely infected another 7 million co-workers. (nhspi.org)
  • Social distancing measures are most effective when the infectious disease spreads via one or more of the following methods, droplet contact (coughing or sneezing), direct physical contact (including sexual contact), indirect physical contact (such as by touching a contaminated surface), and airborne transmission (if the microorganism can survive in the air for long periods). (wikipedia.org)
  • Several social distancing measures are used to control the spread of contagious illnesses. (wikipedia.org)
  • These distances of separation, in addition to personal hygiene measures, are also recommended at places of work. (wikipedia.org)
  • That idea has horrified public health experts outside of the government, who say that the virus is spreading rapidly and that social distancing measures still need time to work. (ijpr.org)
  • Asked, for example, why Easter was targeted as a possible timeline for lifting social distancing measures, the president replied, "I just thought it was a beautiful time. (ijpr.org)
  • Analysis of how the outbreak emerged in China suggests that without such measures, mainland China could have seen a 67-fold increase in the number of people infected. (gavi.org)
  • So the greatest gains are more likely to come restricting travel internally-in China the decline of the disease coincided with the introduction of travel control measures - and from strategies aimed at preventing the further spread within their borders. (gavi.org)
  • This approach can include anything from a simple as encouraging people wash their hands regularly, to measures aimed at promoting social distancing, such as through the closure of schools, colleges and nurseries, or by businesses to let employees to work from home. (gavi.org)
  • Therefore, public health policy-makers and planners must first consider the importance of controlling such diseases before any widespread outbreaks. (jnmsjournal.org)
  • The United States today faces an explosive, uncontrolled, and widespread outbreak, one that fuels economic and social instability at home and threatens U.S. national security and standing abroad. (csis.org)
  • The global outbreak has the potential to wreak havoc in fragile states, trigger widespread unrest and severely test international crisis management systems. (crisisgroup.org)
  • We can no longer presume reliable U.S. baseline preparedness nor presume that most dangerous outbreaks will do their greatest harm outside our borders. (csis.org)
  • Introduction: Community Health Workers (CHW) are a critical resource for outbreak preparedness and response. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, between 13 and 15 million people still die globally every year from infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, HIV, Ebola, malaria, measles, bacterial pneumonia and diarrhoeal disease. (isj.org.uk)
  • With similar symptoms to other known diseases in the region like Lassa fever, malaria and others, it took a while before the underresourced health systems registered the difference in protection and treatment required. (thefirstmileproject.com)
  • Behavioral insights are defined as, " insights from psychology, cognitive science, and social science with empirically-tested results to discover how humans actually make choices " ("Behavioral Insights", 2018). (lse.ac.uk)
  • African states were already carrying out entry and exit screening in all airports, as part of the response infrastructure set up for the 10th Ebola outbreak in the DR Congo, which started in 2018. (thefirstmileproject.com)
  • According to the US-based Centre for Disease Control And Prevention (CDC), more than 60 per cent of known infectious diseases in people can be spread from animals, and 3 out of every 4 new or emerging infectious diseases in people come from animals. (ndtv.com)
  • A study published Feb 18 by the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention concluded that about 81% of COVID-19 cases were mild. (leurr.com)
  • I've dealt with viruses for the past 40 years, from HIV to Ebola to Zika to chikungunya to all of the others. (medscape.com)
  • Two years ago, my MSc dissertation in International Development and Humanitarian Emergencies started with a chilling sentence: "It is only a matter of time before the world sees another globally threatening outbreak. (lse.ac.uk)
  • This review of the diphtheria outbreaks following online database searches on PubMed and Google Scholar as well as the NCDC/WHO websites and grey literatures, describes the current trend of the outbreaks globally, elucidated the different strains of Corynebacterium responsible for the outbreaks, identified the recent vaccine formulation developed to tackle the outbreaks, and provide information on vaccine delivery and efficacy studies in the country and globally. (bvsalud.org)
  • In previous pandemics the humanitarian community has prioritised policies to reduce spread of infectious diseases. (theconversation.com)
  • What is the evidence for social distancing during global pandemics? (paho.org)
  • Despite the persistence of disease and pandemics throughout history, there's one consistent trend over time - a gradual reduction in the death rate. (visualcapitalist.com)
  • Luckily, humanity's understanding of the causes of disease has improved, and this is resulting in a drastic improvement in the response to modern pandemics, albeit slow and incomplete. (visualcapitalist.com)
  • In response to the 2013-2016 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak primarily affecting Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia, the World Health Organization (WHO) set out Guidance for Managing Ethical Issues in Infectious Disease Outbreaks , which covered social distancing, research in outbreak settings, and clinical care. (ama-assn.org)
  • 2 That outbreak, declared a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in August 2014, 3 resulted in more than 28 000 suspected cases and 11 325 confirmed deaths. (ama-assn.org)
  • 8 Nonetheless, the document is important for its scope and particular focus on infectious disease outbreaks within the purview of the International Health Regulations (IHR), from which PHEIC declarations arise. (ama-assn.org)
  • The literature on disasters and public health emergencies describes pervasive emotional distress, feelings of extreme vulnerability, uncertainty, and threats to life, particularly during the rapid spread of an outbreak. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • State public health labs are the nation's first line of defense against an infectious disease because they handle the early diagnostic tests. (kuer.org)
  • Initially directed toward Asians and Asian Americans, stigma has spread over time to many people affected by the disease, even health workers themselves. (taskforce.org)
  • We use a term coined by medical anthropologists - "syndemic" - to explore the connection between two public health concerns: violence and infectious disease. (theconversation.com)
  • 3 4 5 6 The health advantages of urban living, however, are unevenly distributed in cities, with massive inequalities existing over short distances ( fig 2 ). (bmj.com)
  • Thus the policy challenge for improving health in cities, first laid out a century ago by Chapin, 16 remains-to identify and implement institutional and technical innovations in every sector that form transition pathways to better health, taking into account the contemporary local social, demographic, and economic conditions. (bmj.com)
  • By the end of March, India crossed the 500-mark in terms of infected cases and 10 people had lost their lives to this disease, according to the data by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. (ndtv.com)
  • The threat of COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea and around the globe challenges on not only physical health but also on mental health, it can be referred to traumatic events to citizens. (researchsquare.com)
  • We have many reasons to take climate action to improve our health and reducing risks for infectious disease emergence is one of them. (harvard.edu)
  • According to a latest article released by the Time Magazine, Dr. Mosoka Fallah and other doctors and public health officials in countries that already had experience with outbreaks of other infectious disease sprang into action for early prevention. (womenvoicesnewspaper.org)
  • It recalled that the former NPHIL boss and other doctors and public health officials brought in testing kits and re-instated the hand washing stands that had been ubiquitous during the Ebola outbreak. (womenvoicesnewspaper.org)
  • It could be recalled that prior to the covid-19 outbreak in Liberia, Dr. Fallah during an appearance before the House of Representatives along with other health officials, told members of that august body that Liberia was far ahead in its prevention mechanism, by setting up testing system at the nation's international airport, the Roberts International Airport (RIA). (womenvoicesnewspaper.org)
  • Upon reaching this milestone, the DRC Ministry of Health (MOH) and the World Health Organization declared the outbreak over. (cdc.gov)
  • The outbreak, which was announced on June 1 of this year, resulted in 130 cases and 55 deaths across 13 health zones. (cdc.gov)
  • Because cases of Ebola due to sexual transmission or relapse are possible after an outbreak ends, public health officials must maintain enhanced surveillance and other activities to ensure that they quickly detect and respond to any new cases. (cdc.gov)
  • What makes health systems resilient against infectious disease outbreaks and natural hazards? (paho.org)
  • BACKGROUND:The 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak was a wake-up call regarding the critical importance of resilient health systems. (paho.org)
  • Yet, the ensuing response demonstrated that African health workers are able to tame a virus with African resources and international cooperation - albeit at great personal cost, as more than 600 were infected and more than half of them died during the West African Ebola outbreak. (thefirstmileproject.com)
  • Covid-19, like Ebola, requires significant lifestyle changes that can only be achieved through building a close relationship of dialogue and mutual cooperation between health officials, politicians and citizens. (thefirstmileproject.com)
  • This analysis illustrates how the less advantaged can be affected differently by disease outbreaks, disasters, and large-scale emergencies-and how workplace practices can either exacerbate or ameliorate health security. (nhspi.org)
  • Africa still bears the world's heaviest burden from infectious diseases at a time when its overstretched health systems and budgets are grappling with the rise of costly and complex noncommunicable diseases. (who.int)
  • Mental health services for infectious disease outbreaks. (cambridge.org)
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2009) has developed informatics competencies for public health professionals. (essaysresearch.org)
  • DISCUSSION: The CDC's virtual course was effective in increasing public health capacity for COVID-19 healthcare IPC in nursing homes and provides a possible model to increase IPC capacity for other infectious diseases and other healthcare settings. (cdc.gov)
  • Today's CDC is known for assisting U.S. state health departments and other countries' ministries of health during local outbreaks and emergency responses. (cdc.gov)
  • Now, it's a 2-year training program for health professionals interested in the practice of applied epidemiology, or the study of diseases in populations. (cdc.gov)
  • We monitor disease outbreaks around the world and other health threats that may affect travelers. (cdc.gov)
  • As just one example, WHO issued guidelines for an integrated approach to childhood diarrhoea and pneumonia that aims to eliminate the two diseases while also reducing the operational demands on health services. (who.int)
  • Countries continued to look to WHO for guidance in responding to the rise of noncommunicable diseases and the tremendous demands these diseases place on health systems, human resources, and budgets. (who.int)
  • A global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases was adopted by the Health Assembly in 2013. (who.int)
  • It has held COVID-19 at bay for so long but with rising infections, understandable fatigue with social restrictions, low levels of immunity among the population and a fragile health system it's vital that it receives more vaccines as soon as possible. (bvs.br)
  • Methods: This is a narrative review of contributions of Makerere University through the Global Health Security Program at the Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI). (bvsalud.org)
  • 8 Nevertheless, these diseases are more easily ignored by governments and citizens in the developed world because they mainly affect poor people with dark skins in the Global South. (isj.org.uk)
  • It indicated that the experience meant that when it came to social distancing, many African citizens were already accustomed to the elbow bump, frequent hand washing and the need for mask wearing. (womenvoicesnewspaper.org)
  • In this case, such assistance includes Centers for Disease Control information and updates, access to food and cleaning supplies, access to COVID-19 testing, protective equipment, financial assistance, and links to community resources. (psychiatrictimes.com)
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
  • Dr. Gary Brunette joined The Centers for Disease Control in 2006. (cdc.gov)
  • 1 Many, if not most, of these concerns are not new and have been raised in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 5 armed conflicts, 6,7 and previous EVD outbreaks. (ama-assn.org)
  • 13 Among other values, security was used to justify limiting access, as Ebola virus is considered a pathogen with high potential for development into a biological weapon. (ama-assn.org)
  • From the earliest days of the coronavirus outbreak, stigma has contributed to the suffering and the spread of the virus. (taskforce.org)
  • But I've never seen a pathogen, and in this case a virus, with such an amazing spectrum of disease severity, going from 20% to 40% of the people who are infected having no symptoms , disproportionately leaning toward younger people . (medscape.com)
  • Still, dubious comparisons have been made to earlier virus outbreaks that either were successfully contained or already have treatments, suggesting that the new coronavirus might be similarly managed. (mashable.com)
  • The cautionary tale here is that such travel restrictions must essentially total to prevent the importation of disease - protecting ports won't necessarily prevent disease finding another way in, in this case with bats flying in from Europe. (gavi.org)
  • Clinical data on EVD is generally only collected in the context of outbreak responses. (ama-assn.org)
  • Its recent absence from the national stage has led to fears that the agency's objective, science-based approach is being ignored, especially as Trump signals that he hopes to relax restrictions on social gatherings by Easter to help revive the economy. (ijpr.org)
  • This decision is being made out of an abundance of caution and based upon the guidance of the CDC regarding social distancing and the elimination of large gatherings. (cdc.gov)
  • In early 2014, when Ebola cases were first reported in the West African nations of Guinea and Liberia, Africa was taken by surprise. (thefirstmileproject.com)
  • Thus was born the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). (thefirstmileproject.com)
  • Africa, which had the longest distance to travel, is still catching up with the rest of the world. (who.int)
  • Interestingly, Africa as a continent with inadequate healthcare infrastructure is faced with a big challenge of containing this deadly disease. (ospublishers.com)
  • On March 25, India started to stay at home, day-to-day activities like going to offices, travel, malls, colleges, schools, gyms and other facilities shut down so that the country can stay safe and practice social distancing. (ndtv.com)
  • EIS O'cers earned the nickname of "Disease Detectives" because they practice "shoe-leather" detective work, wearing down their shoes as they go door-to-door to investigate outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
  • 15 to estimate the instantaneous effective reproduction number ( R t ), which was defined as the mean number of secondary infections generated by a typically infectious case at time t . (nature.com)
  • A third outbreak of coli infections that includes 12 cases from six states, with five hospitalizations and no deaths. (cdc.gov)
  • Dates range between May 4 and early July, assuming the current level of social distancing is in place until infections reach below 1 per million, and containment strategies are implemented. (mashable.com)
  • At the same time, our analysis shows that both Ebola and COVID-19 response efforts overlooked the life-saving nature of gender-based services. (theconversation.com)
  • Only when the social contract of trust was formed, and the response was community-owned and led, did we learn the important lessons of how to care for loved ones and give dignified burials that acknowledged the human values of social connection, in times that necessitated traumatic but necessary physical distancing. (thefirstmileproject.com)
  • Through WHO's global outbreak alert and response network or GOARN 13 experts have been deployed to support the government with case management, epidemiology, infection prevention and control, laboratory support and information management. (bvs.br)
  • Background: Outbreaks are occurring at increasing frequency and they require multisectoral and multi-stakeholder involvement for optimal response. (bvsalud.org)
  • 4.3 Outbreak detection and investigation/coordination of outbreak response. (who.int)
  • Conclusions: These maps act as a spatial guide for future surveillance activities to better characterise the geo- graphical distribution of the disease and understand the anthropological, virological and zoological interactions necessary for viral transmission. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • 14 15 The idealised healthy city, although aspirational, can easily be disconnected from the complex dynamics of urban development, in which cities' demographics and social, natural, built, and food environments are constantly changing through interactions between individual, corporate, and public actions. (bmj.com)
  • In Iraq , for instance, a depleted healthcare system that enjoys little public trust will not be able to respond effectively if there is a serious outbreak. (lowyinstitute.org)
  • The pathogen that causes the Covid-19 disease is a type of coronavirus. (isj.org.uk)
  • Meanwhile, flag-waving protesters at crowded, conservative demonstrations claim the new pathogen isn't too serious as they rail against the large-scale shutdowns intended to curb the spread of this still-developing outbreak. (mashable.com)
  • 2009 ). In addition, results from a one-year follow-up study of Ebola-infected patients in Sierra Leone documented a PTSD diagnosis rate of 76% (Jalloh et al. (researchsquare.com)
  • people can remain socially connected by meeting outdoors at a safe distance (when there is no stay-at-home order) and by meeting via technology. (wikipedia.org)
  • Perhaps such a dramatic impact in previous eras could be chalked up to ignorance about the scientific causes of a disease, the means to prevent its spread and the tools to diagnose and treat infected people. (isj.org.uk)
  • For instance, Ebola kills roughly 50 percent of people infected, with some outbreaks reporting mortality as high as 90 percent. (taskforce.org)
  • Similarly, people living with HIV/AIDS often face stigma, a challenge that slowed the development of effective anti-retroviral therapy and accelerated HIV transmission during the earliest years of the outbreak. (taskforce.org)
  • Although leprosy is considered a disease of the past, roughly 200,000 people each year are diagnosed, mainly in South America and Southeast Asia, causing severe skin lesions, and if left untreated, nerve damage leading to blindness, disfigurement and life-long disability. (taskforce.org)
  • The results highlight different ways of anchoring these social representations and suggest the vitality of a theoretical classification paradigm that gives value to objects, people or phenomena, ranking them in order of importance. (bvsalud.org)
  • On January 3 there were 44 cases only in China, today the outbreak has spread to 213 countries and territories around the world and infected over 9 million people according to the data by John Hopkins University and the world also registered the largest single-day jump on June 21 by adding another 183,000 COVID-19 cases, as per WHO. (ndtv.com)
  • Social norms signal appropriate habits and are classed as expectations or rules within a group of people (Dolan et al. (lse.ac.uk)
  • About 80% of people according to the WHO study will experience the mild form of the disease. (leurr.com)
  • In Moria camp on Lesbos, Greece, asylum seekers cannot socially distance when 20,000 people are squeezed into a camp meant to accommodate 3000, and where they must queue for hours each day for basic food supplies. (lowyinstitute.org)
  • In many ancient societies, people believed that spirits and gods inflicted disease and destruction upon those that deserved their wrath. (visualcapitalist.com)
  • We follow the news, we're like social immediate like most people and it's tough to see the failures real and accused everyday. (cdc.gov)
  • Disease and illnesses have plagued humanity since the earliest days, our mortal flaw. (visualcapitalist.com)
  • In our paper, we argue that policy-makers and practitioners must heed lessons from the Ebola outbreak in the DRC. (theconversation.com)
  • The new coronavirus has some stark differences from other relatively recent, grim outbreaks of disease. (mashable.com)
  • This article assesses the Guidance 's recommendations on research and long-term storage of biological specimens during infectious disease outbreaks and argues that the Guidance does not provide adequate direction for responders', researchers', and organizations' actions. (ama-assn.org)
  • It is a Zoonotic disease, one which normally spreads from animals to humans. (ndtv.com)
  • Most new infectious diseases come from animal viruses jumping to humans, such as Marburg hemorrhagic fever, which researchers traced to a bat population in this Ugandan cave. (sciencenews.org)
  • As humans have spread across the world, so have infectious diseases. (visualcapitalist.com)
  • the strains of E. coli that are causing these outbreaks have previously been associated with leafy greens. (cdc.gov)
  • Infectious disease outbreaks are, in cases like EVD, one of the only times scientists can study a disease in situ . (ama-assn.org)
  • One outbreak involves 21 cases in eight states, with eight hospitalizations and one death. (cdc.gov)
  • We assessed for associations between general outbreak-related knowledge and receipt of training using Chi-square tests and between COVID-19 related knowledge and CHW characteristics and adoption of prevention methods using linear regression models. (bvsalud.org)
  • So what do we do to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from suffering during these outbreaks? (lse.ac.uk)
  • COVID-19 is much more likely to spread over short distances than long ones. (wikipedia.org)