Dye from aqueous solution. Medical search. Frequent questions

P.K. Malik, Dye removal from wastewater using activated carbon developed from sawdust: adsorption equilibrium and kinetics, J. Hazard. (deswater.com)
The present study show that the cost-effective PEI modified pericarps could possess a hopeful application for azo dye removal from wastewater. (eeer.org)
Therefore, technologies for removing azo dye from wastewater are urgent needed. (eeer.org)
Up to now, various technologies have been used to remove dyes from wastewater, which can be divided into chemical methods, biological methods and physical methods [ 7 ]. (eeer.org)
The results of the present work showed that SAK was a main alternative for removing cationic dyes from wastewater. (dpublication.com)
Four different aerobic mixed consortia collected from basins of wastewater streams coming out of dying plants of Crescent Textile (CT), Sitara Textile (ST), Chenab Fabrics (CF) and Noor Fatima Textile (NF), Faisalabad, Pakistan were applied for decolorization of Drimarene Orange K-GL, Drimarene Brilliant Red K-4BL, Foron Yellow SE4G and Foron Blue RDGLN for 10 days using the shake flask technique. (springer.com)
Thus, sorption may be an alternative potential technique for removing dyes from wastewater on account of its relatively high capacity, easy regeneration and flexibility in design and operation, and so forth. (hindawi.com)
Due to these characteristics, the obtained magnetic carbon nanocages can be used as efficient and recycled adsorbents in the removal of dye staff from textile wastewater. (hindawi.com)

This investigation was carried out to examine the photo-catalytic degradation of food dye tartrazine (E102) from its aqueous solution, using ZnO (zinc oxide) and mixed CuO-TiO2 (copper oxide-titanium dioxide) as photo-catalysts at room temperature. (org.pk)
Similarly significant rise in the degradation of E102 was observed with the time of irradiation, concentration of dye solution and amount of catalyst. (org.pk)
However ZnO was observed to be more effective than CuO-TiO2 in the degradation of E102 from aqueous solution. (org.pk)
8] G.M. Colonna, T. Caronna and B. Marcandalli: "Oxidative degradation of dyes by ultraviolet radiation in the presence oh hydrogen peroxide", Dyes and Pigments, Vol. 41, (1999), pp. 211-220. (edu.pl)
10] C. Galindo, P. Jaques and A. Kalt: "Photochemical and photocatalytic degradation of an indigoid dye: a case study of acid blue 74 (AB74)", Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, Vol. 141, (2001), pp. 47-56. (edu.pl)
11] C. Hu, J.C. Yu, Z. Hao and P.K. Wong: "Effects of acidity and inorganic ions on the photocatalytic degradation of different azo dyes", Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Vol. 46, (2003), pp. 35-47. (edu.pl)
12] N.H. Ince: "Critical effect of hydrogen peroxide in photochemical dye degradation", Water Research, Vol. 33, (1999), pp. 1080-1084. (edu.pl)
da Silva CG, Faria JL (2003) Photochemical and photocatalytic degradation of an azo dye in aqueous solution by UV irradiation. (springer.com)
Photocatalytic activity of synthesized CuS NSs is assessed by evaluating the degradation of methylene-blue dye aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. (ias.ac.in)

Process factors, including initial dye concentration (10-30 ppm), nanocatalyst dosage (0.5-1.5 g/L), initial pH solution (3-11), and irradiation time (30-150 min), were investigated by central composite design. (sharif.edu)
The effects of operational conditions such as initial dye concentration (0-25 mg/L), adsorbent dose (0.1-3 g/L), temperature (20°C-45°C) and pH 2- 12 on the removal of MB by SAK were studied. (dpublication.com)
The optimum immobilized dosage from nanozirconium tungestovanadate into the polymeric matrix to achieve 99% dye decolourization from 50 ppm initial dye concentration was recorded as 8 g/L. The dye sorption process onto the prepared material is described as an endothermic process. (hindawi.com)
The effect of initial dye concentration has been examined and the amount of dye adsorption in function of time t, q t (mg/cm 2 ), for each analyzed film has been evaluated comparing the long term effect with the decoloration rate. (scirp.org)

H.M. Pinheiro, E. Touraud, O. Thomas, Aromatic amines from azo dye reduction: status review with emphasis on direct UV spectrophotometric detection in textile industry wastewaters, Dyes Pigments, 61 (2004) 121-139. (deswater.com)
The magnetic fluids obtained in such a way were tested as effective systems for the removal of selected organic pigments from aqueous solutions. (edu.pl)
Dyes and Pigments, 69, 128-136. (edu.pl)
Dyes and Pigments, 54, 47-58. (edu.pl)
This distinguishes dyes from pigments which do not chemically bind to the material they color. (wikipedia.org)
Both dyes and pigments are colored, because they absorb only some wavelengths of visible light. (wikipedia.org)
Dyes are usually soluble in some solvent, whereas pigments are insoluble. (wikipedia.org)

N.F. Cardoso, E.C. Lima, I.S. Pinto, C.V. Amavisca, B. Royer, R.B. Pinto, W.S. Alencar, S.F.P. Pereira, Application of cupuassu shell as biosorbent for the removal of textile dyes from aqueous solution, J. Environ. (deswater.com)
In this study, removal of the basic dye Malachite Green oxalate from aqueous solution through adsorption was investigated using bark powder of Polyalthialongifolia (False Ashoka) as the biosorbent. (envirobiotechjournals.com)

Sen S, Das PK, Manik N. Study on the effect of singlewalled carbon nanotubes on junction properties of Safranin-T dye-based organic device. (edu.iq)
Water pollution caused by organic pollutants has become a serious environmental issue worldwide, and dyes is one of the most common organic pollutants [ 1 , 2 ]. (eeer.org)
Particularly, Azo dyes are the most widely used type of organic dyes accounting for 70% of all synthetic dyes which are persistent and even carcinogenic [ 4 ]. (eeer.org)
Thus obtained magnetic fluids were used as active agents in the process of removing selected organic dyes from their aqueous solutions. (edu.pl)
Use of cationic surfactants in surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles for adsorption of organic dyes from aqueous solutions [in Polish]. (edu.pl)
The discovery of mauveine started a surge in synthetic dyes and in organic chemistry in general. (wikipedia.org)
This property has been utilized for a variety of photocatalytic applications in aqueous environment, such as artificial photosynthesis, decomposition of potentially toxic organic materials, cancer treatment and hydrogen gas production for clean, renewable energy 20 . (nature.com)
Okazaki S, Nagasawa S, Goto M, Furusaki S, Wariishi H, Tanaka H (2002) Decolorization of azo dye and anthraquinone dye in hydrophobic organic media using microperoxidase-11 entrapped in reverse micelles. (springer.com)
This property is used in graphene-based processes to remove lead ions and organic dyes from solutions. (greencarcongress.com)
Textile effluents are in general tough to treat because of their high organic content, tough pH conditions and due to the presence of a variety of classes of dyes. (scialert.net)
Efficiency of CuCr 2 O 4 /Titanium dioxide nanoparticles composite for organic dye removal in aqueous solutions. (bvsalud.org)
Aqueous solutions generally are colorless but may be yellow due to traces of iron, chlorine, and organic impurities. (cdc.gov)

A. Aouni, C. Fersi, B. Cuartas-Uribe, A. Bes-Pía, M.I. Alcaina-Miranda, M. Dhahbi, Reactive dyes rejection and textile effluent treatment study using ultrafiltration and nanofiltration processes, Desalination, 297 (2012) 87-96. (deswater.com)
3] N. Azbar, T. Yonar and K. Kestioglu: "Comparison of various advanced oxidation processes and chemical treatment methods for COD and color removal from a polyester and acetate fiber dyeing effluent", Chemosphere, Vol. 55, (2004), pp. 35-43. (edu.pl)
Researchers in Kenya found that R. mucronata is also effective at removing dye introduced into waterways by industrial effluent. (mongabay.com)
Due to their poor exhaustion properties more than 30% of the dye components end up in the effluent ( Omar, 2008 ). (scialert.net)
Robinson, T., McMullan, G., Marchant, R. and Nigam, P. (2001) Remediation of Dyes in Textile Effluent: A Critical Review on Current Treatment Technologies with a Proposed Alternative. (scirp.org)

Adsorption removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution. (edu.iq)

Decolorization of Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 dye using snail shell powder by action of adsorption processes. (edu.iq)
C.H. Niebisch, A.K. Malinowski, R. Schadeck, D.A. Mitchell, V. Kava-Cordeiro, J. Paba, Decolorization and biodegradation of reactive blue 220 textile dye by Lentinus crinitus extracellular extract, J. Hazard. (deswater.com)
2] Chen K.C., Wu J.Y., Huang C.C., Liang Y.M., Hwang S.C.J. (2003) Decolorization of azo dye using PVA-immobilized microorganisms. (edu.pl)
Decolorization of azo dye using PVA-immobilized microorganisms. (edu.pl)
Some investigations concerning the decolorization of Acid Red G azo dye by photooxidation with hydrogen peroxide were performed. (edu.pl)
The other ions are not as effective as Fe2+ for dye decolorization. (edu.pl)
9] A.M. El-Dein, J.A. Libra and U. Wiesmann: "Mechanism and kinetic model for the decolorization of the azo dye Reactive Black 5 by hydrogen peroxide and UV radiation" , Chemosphere, Vol. 52, (2003), pp. 1069-1077. (edu.pl)
CF caused complete decolorization of Foron Blue RDGLN and Drimarene Brilliant Red K-4BL after 4 and 8 days, respectively but it showed poor performance on other two dyes. (springer.com)
Asgher M, Shah SAH, Ali M, Legge RL (2006a) Decolorization of some reactive textile dyes by white rot fungi isolated in Pakistan. (springer.com)
Banat IM, Nigam P, Singh D, Marchant R (1994) Microbial decolorization of textile dye containing effluents. (springer.com)
Boer CG, Obici L, de Souza CGM, Piralta RM (2004) Decolorization of synthetic dyes by solid state cultures of Lentinula (Lentinus) edodes producing manganese peroxidase as the main lignolytic enzyme. (springer.com)
Chagas EP, Durrant LR (2001) Decolorization of azo dyes by Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Pleurotus sajor-caju . (springer.com)
Chung KT, Stevens SE Jr (1993) Decolorization of azo dyes by environmental microorganisms and helminths. (springer.com)
Kirby N, Marchant R, McMullan G (2000) Decolorization of synthetic textile dyes by Phlebia tremellosa . (springer.com)
Moosvi S, Keharia H, Madamwar D (2005) Decolorization of textile dye ReactiveViolet 5 by a newly isolated bacterial consortium RVM 11.1. (springer.com)

3] Demirbas A. (2009) Agricultural based activated carbons for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions: A review. (edu.pl)
Removal of dyes from a synthetic textile dye effiuent by biosorption on apple pomace and wheat straw. (edu.pl)

In this paper, snail shell powder was used an adsorbent for safranine dye due to its low cost, high efficiency and high adsorption capacity. (edu.iq)
Investigation of Citrus reticulata peels as an efficient and low-cost adsorbent for the removal of safranin orange dye. (edu.iq)
O. Duman, S. Tunc, T. Gurkan Polat, Adsorptive removal of triarylmethane dye (Basic Red 9) from aqueous solution by sepiolite as effective and low-cost adsorbent, Micropor. (deswater.com)
During the studies, various essential factors inﬂuencing the adsorption, like adsorbate concentration, amount of adsorbent, pH of the solution, and contact time have been monitored. (artuklu.edu.tr)
Batch sorption experiments were carried out at 34oC with variation in adsorbate concentration, particle size of adsorbent, agitation time and pH of the solution. (envirobiotechjournals.com)
The performance sawdust as a low cost adsorbent to remove Direct Blue 85 (DB85) dye from aqueous solutions has been evaluated. (ugm.ac.id)
The removal percentage of this dye was studied at different experimental conditions such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, particle size, temperature, and pH. (ugm.ac.id)
1. Das, T. R., & Sharma, P. K. "Bimetal oxide decorated graphene oxide (Gd2O3/Bi2O3@GO) nanocomposite as an excellent adsorbent in the removal of methyl orange dye," Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, vol. 105, pp. 104721, 2020. (sharif.edu)

The influence of several parameters, such as pH of medium, time of irradiation, concentration of dye solution and amount of catalyst was investigated. (org.pk)
This study aimed to remove one of the frequently used dyes in textile industries, Methyl Orange, from pollutant water with TiO2/ZnFe2O4/Glycine nanocatalyst under UV irradiation. (sharif.edu)
The removal efficiency of Methyl Orange was 80% under optimal conditions (dye concentration: 20 ppm, nanocatalyst dosage: 1 g/L, irradiation time: 120 min, and pH=6.5). (sharif.edu)

Hildenbrand S, Schmahl FW, Wodarz R, Kimmel R, Dartsch PC (1999) Azo dyes and carcinogenic aromatic amines in cell cultures. (springer.com)

However, neither molecular weight nor the number of aromatic rings was correlated with dye adsorption. (pjoes.com)
These azo dyes could be reduced under anaerobic conditions by the usage of bacterial systems but with the liberation of toxic intermediates (aromatic amines). (scialert.net)
Dyes usually have complex aromatic molecular structures which make them more stable, resistant to fading, and difficult to biodegrade. (hindawi.com)

He then reasoned that a sufficiently large dose could be injected to kill pathogenic microorganisms, if the dye did not affect other cells. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, many dyes are toxic to some microorganisms and may cause direct destruction or inhibition of their catalytic capabilities [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

Thus, it would be highly desirable to remove synthetic dyes from industrial effluents prior to their discharge. (hindawi.com)
Sorption techniques have proven successful on lowering dye concentration from industrial effluents using adsorbents such as activated carbon, peat, chitin, clay, and others [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)

The invention prepares weak alkaline sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution by adopting a corresponding diaphragm-free electrolysis device to electrolyze and mix dilute brine, and the solution contains low-concentration effective chlorine, has a pH value close to neutral and has relatively low irritation and corrosiveness. (google.com)
On rainy days, the new solar cells can be reversed with rGO film upward, creating current and voltage outputs under he persistent dropping of raindrops (NaCl aqueous solution with concentration of 0.6m, 1m, or 2m is used as simulated rain). (greencarcongress.com)

Basic dyes are water-soluble cationic dyes that are mainly applied to acrylic fibers, but find some use for wool and silk. (wikipedia.org)

5] Kima T., Park Ch., Yang J.. Kima S. (2004) Comparison of disperse and reactive dye removals by chemical coagulation and Fenton oxidation. (edu.pl)
2008) Sorption of reactive dye from aqueous solution on biomass fly ash. (edu.pl)

O. Duman, E. Ayranci, Adsorption characteristics of benzaldehyde, sulphanilic acid and p-phenolsulfonate from water, acid or base solutions onto activated carbon cloth, Sep. (deswater.com)
O. Duman, E. Ayranci, Attachment of benzo crown ethers onto activated carbon cloth to enhance the removal of chromium, cobalt and nickel ions from aqueous solutions by adsorption, J. Hazard. (deswater.com)
E. Ayranci, O. Duman, Structural effects on the interactions of benzene and naphthalene sulfonates with activated carbon cloth during adsorption from aqueous solutions, Chem. (deswater.com)
1] Attia A.A., Rashwan W.E., Khedr S.A. (2006) Capacity of activated carbon in the removal of acid dyes subsequent to its thermal treatment. (edu.pl)

Besides, the chemical structure of most azo dyes is complex and stable resulting in unsatisfactory biodegradation and removal efficiency [ 11 , 12 ]. (eeer.org)
Cripps C, Bumps JS, Aust SD (1990) Biodegradation of azo and heterocyclic dyes by Phanerochaete chrysosporium . (springer.com)
Martins MAM, Queiroz MJ, Silvestre AJD, Lima N (2002) Relationship of chemical structure of textile dye on the␣preadaptation medium and the potentialities of their biodegradation by Phanerochaete chrysosporium . (springer.com)
Besides, many synthetic dyes are chemically stable and resistant to photodegradation and biodegradation [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)

Even though CH has been successfully used for dye removal from aqueous solutions due to its low cost, no considerations have been made about, for example, the effect of changing the pH of chitosan hydrogelor about the dehydrating effect of Ethanol (EtOH) treatment of chitosan film on the dyes removal from water. (scirp.org)
chitosan solution, which was simultaneously stirred and sonicated. (springer.com)

High values of correlation coefficient signified that the adsorption of (DB85) dye on the surface of sawdust obey Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. (ugm.ac.id)
Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms have been used to investigate with adapted fungal consortium on removal of toxic pollutants (dye), the best fitting was observed in both monolayer model (R 2 about 0.98) as well as Freundlich model in an experimental data with used dye (R 2 about 0.92). (scialert.net)
The dye sorption process at equilibrium was following both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. (hindawi.com)

The equilibrium was achieved within 17 h at pH 4, and the adsorption data obeyed the Langmuir equation with a maximum adsorption capacity of 625 mg/g and a Langmuir adsorption equilibrium constant of 5.2 × 10−4 dm3/mg at 25˚C. The adsorption kinetics of MY at different initial dye concentrations was evaluated by the ﬁrst-order and second-order models. (artuklu.edu.tr)
Yue Q., Kang Q. (2009) Adsorption kinetics and isotherm of anionic dyes onto organo-bentonite from single and multisolute systems, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 172, 99-107. (edu.pl)

A. Nejibab, D. Joelleb, A. Fadhilaa, G. Sophieb, T.-A. Malikaa, Adsorption of anionic dye on natural and organophilic clays: effect of textile dyeing additives, Desal. (deswater.com)
13] Zhu M., Lee L., Wang H., Wang Z. (2007) Removal of an anionic dye by adsorption/precipitation processes using alkaline white mud. (edu.pl)

Adsorptive removal of toxic dye using Fe3O4-TSC nanocomposite: equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies. (edu.iq)
0). The equilibrium and kinetic experiments confirm that the temperature and pH play an important role i.e., the dye uptake increases with increased temperature and decreased pH. (niscair.res.in)
The kinetic sorption behaviour of dye onto the composite matrix is correlated to pseudo-second-order equation model. (hindawi.com)

Synonyms for an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride include chlorohydric acid, hydrochloric acid, and muriatic acid. (cdc.gov)
Hydrogen chloride is available commercially as an anhydrous gas or as aqueous solutions (hydrochloric acid). (cdc.gov)
Sciatic nerves of the test animals were exposed and treated with 25HD, 2,4-hexanedione (3002242) (24HD), 1,6- hexanediol (629118) (16HDiol), saline, or an aqueous solution of hydrochloric-acid (7647010) (HCl) daily for periods of up to 8 days with and without oral 25HD treatment for 8 days prior to surgery. (cdc.gov)

Furthermore, the GMCNs can be regenerated and reused through dye desorption in alkaline solution at pH 10. (artuklu.edu.tr)
Direct or substantive dyeing is normally carried out in a neutral or slightly alkaline dye bath, at or near boiling point, with the addition of either sodium chloride (NaCl) or sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) or sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). (wikipedia.org)
The invention provides a weak alkaline sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic water treatment. (google.com)
Experiments prove that the weak alkaline sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution prepared by the method has strong sterilization capability, and has the advantages of rapidness, high efficiency, safety and the like. (google.com)

In aqueous solution, graphene can bind positively charged ions with its electrons (Lewis acid-base interaction). (greencarcongress.com)

G. Bayramoğlu, M. Yarup Arica, Biosorption of benzidine based textile dyes "Direct Blue 1 and Direct Red 128" using native and heat-treated biomass of Trametes versicolor, J. Hazard. (deswater.com)

The highest values were recorded for the lowest concentrations of dyes. (edu.pl)
The effects of mineral salts such as NaHCO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, KCl, MgSO4, and CaCl2 with the concentrations of 50-800 ppm on the dye removal efficiency were examined under the optimal conditions. (sharif.edu)

G.R. de Oliveira, N.S. Fernandes, J.V. de Meloda, D.R. Silva, C. Urgeghe, C.A. Martínez-Huitle, Electrocatalytic properties of Ti-supported Pt for decolorizing and removing dye from synthetic textile wastewaters, Chem. (deswater.com)

7] R.L. Cisneros, A.G. Espinoza and M.I. Litter: "Photodegradation of an azo dye of the textile industry" , Chemosphere, Vol. 48, (2002), pp. 393-399. (edu.pl)

An investigation of the micellar phase of sodium sulfopropyl octadecyl maleate in aqueous sodium chloride solutions by light scattering techniques. (mpg.de)
Micellar properties of sodium sulfopropyl alkyl maleates in aqueous solution - A time-resolved fluorescence quenching study. (mpg.de)
Sodium sulfopropyl octadecyl maleate - a long-chain surfactant with unusual aggregation behavior in aqueous-solution. (mpg.de)
To this sodium citrate solution (73.5 g) was added. (springer.com)

There are numerous structural varieties available for dye like azo dye, acidic dye, basic dye, disperse, anthraquinone based and metal complex dyes. (intechopen.com)

Recent advances in biopolymer-based advanced oxidation processes for dye removal applications: A review. (edu.iq)

J. Mittal, D. Jhare, H. Vardhan, A. Mittal, Utilization of bottom ash as a low-cost sorbent for the removal and recovery of a toxic halogen containing dye eosin yellow, Des. (deswater.com)

Using stereomicroscopy and microscopic examination of plastic sections, dextran dyes dispersed in SNOT are demonstrated in the neuroepithelium of the nose and olfactory bulb of B6;129P2-Omp(tm3Mom)/MomJ mice after intranasal instillation in SNOT. (cdc.gov)

Tartrazine dye has a major role in food as well as in other industrial products, like cosmetics, personal care products, pharmaceutical products and many more, therefore it is the cause of many environmental pollutions particularly water pollution. (org.pk)

G. Crini, Studies on adsorption of dyes on beta-cyclodextrin polymer, Biores. (deswater.com)
Used polymer films provide their intrinsic properties to track-etched membrane filters: low extractable, low protein binding, negligible adsorption and absorption of filtrates to maximise critical solution recovery, biocompatibility, excellent chemical resistance and thermal stability. (environmental-expert.com)

A. Mittal, L. Kurup, Column operations for the removal and recovery of a hazardous dye 'acid red - 27' from aqueous solutions, using waste materials-bottom ash and de-oiled soya, Eco. (deswater.com)
5] M.A. Behnajady, N. Modirshahla and M. Shokri: "Photodestruction of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) in aqueous solutions by UV/H2O2: influence of operational parameters", Chemosphere, Vol. 55, (2004), pp. 129-134. (edu.pl)
Near neutral and acid pHs are more favorable for the dye adsorption. (dpublication.com)
Acid dyes are water-soluble anionic dyes that are applied to fibers such as silk, wool, nylon and modified acrylic fibers using neutral to acid dye baths. (wikipedia.org)
Acid dyes are not substantive to cellulosic fibers. (wikipedia.org)
Examples of acid dye are Alizarine Pure Blue B, Acid red 88, etc. (wikipedia.org)
Usually acetic acid is added to the dye bath to help the uptake of the dye onto the fiber. (wikipedia.org)
Neutralized acid CH film and longtime dehydrated one result to be the better films in dye removal from water. (scirp.org)

Such tests can involve intranasal instillation of aqueous suspensions of nanomaterials in dispersion media that limit particle agglomeration. (cdc.gov)

C. Kannan, K. Muthuraja, M.R. Devi, Hazardous dyes removal from aqueous solution over mesoporous aluminophosphate with textural porosity by adsorption, J. Hazard. (deswater.com)

Micellar assisted aqueous stabilization of iron oxide nanoparticles for curcumin encapsulation and hyperthermia application. (edu.iq)

The solution was left undisturbed, centrifuged at 8,000 rpm to collect the CS nanoparticles (Baek et al. (springer.com)

In this present situation, about ten thousand or more dyes are available commercially and the annual production of dye is about seven lakh tons [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)

Scarce dyestuffs that produced brilliant and permanent colors such as the natural invertebrate dyes Tyrian purple and crimson kermes were highly prized luxury items in the ancient and medieval world. (wikipedia.org)
Dyes from the New World such as cochineal and logwood were brought to Europe by the Spanish treasure fleets, and the dyestuffs of Europe were carried by colonists to America. (wikipedia.org)

Organisms2

Chemicals and Drugs124

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment56

Phenomena and Processes61

Disciplines and Occupations11

Technology, Industry, Agriculture13

Information Science5

Health Care5

Wastewater8

Degradation9

Initial dye concentration4

Pigments7

Biosorbent2

Organic12

Effluent5

Malachite green1

Decolorization15

Removal of dyes2

Adsorbent8

Irradiation3

Carcinogenic aromatic amines1

Aromatic3

Microorganisms2

Effluents2

Concentration2

Cationic dyes1

Reactive dye2

Activated Carbon4

Biodegradation4

Chitosan2

Freundlich3

Kinetics2

Anionic dye2

Kinetic3

Hydrochloric acid3

Alkaline4

Ions1

Biomass1

Concentrations2

Synthetic textile1

20021

Sodium4

Basic dye1

Oxidation processes1

Toxic1

Dextran1

Tartrazine1

Polymer2

Acid8

Nanomaterials1

Hazardous1

Micellar1

Nanoparticles1

Available commercially1

Dyestuffs2