Dsrna genome. Medical search. Frequent questions

I see +ssRNA, -ssRNA and dsRNA genomes as all part of the same process of RNA replication, just depends which has evolved to be put in the virion. (virology.ws)
Monopartite, linear ssRNA(+) genome of 7.8 kb, polyadenylated, composed of a single ORF encoding a polyprotein. (expasy.org)
The dsRNA genome is transcribed/replicated thereby providing viral mRNAs/new ssRNA(+) genomes. (expasy.org)
Some ssDNA viruses and some ssRNA viruses have ambisense genomes. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The packaging NTPase P4 translocates the three ssRNA(+) genomic segments in the capsids where they are converted into dsRNA by the viral RdRp P2. (expasy.org)
Becky will add comment that the packaging can be ssRNA or dsRNA or dsDNA. (geneontology.org)
Another fragment represents the dsRNA intermediate form of a + ssRNA mitovirus with a genome size of 2410 nt. (bvsalud.org)

Viruses with segmented RNA genomes can produce at least one protein per segment, sometimes more. (virology.ws)
However: why are there perfectly good and successful (-) sense viruses with single-component genomes, like rabies and mumps, then? (virology.ws)
In my view, all viruses should have plus strand RNA genomes! (virology.ws)
Dr. Gottlieb's research group is studying and characterizing bacteriophage f12, one of the newly identified members of the family Cystoviridae.These viruses contain a genome consisting of three segments of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). (cuny.edu)
To date, the cystoviruses are the only segmented dsRNA viruses that can be manipulated by recombinant genetic techniques, making them an excellent model for the study of the molecular biology of viruses of this type. (cuny.edu)
Generally, DNA viruses copy their genomes directly to DNA, and RNA viruses copy their genomes directly to RNA. (basicmedicalkey.com)
There are, however, some DNA viruses that replicate their genomes via an RNA intermediate and some RNA viruses that replicate their genomes via a DNA intermediate. (basicmedicalkey.com)
and (-) strands are not indicated for the dsDNA of the class I viruses because the genomes of most of these viruses have ORFs in both directions. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Most of these viruses have either a (+) or a (-) strand genome. (basicmedicalkey.com)
There are two classes of viruses with (+) RNA genomes ( Figure 7.1 ). (basicmedicalkey.com)
Class IV viruses copy their (+) RNA genomes via a (-) RNA intermediate, while class VI viruses replicate via a DNA intermediate. (basicmedicalkey.com)
In this chapter we shall look at some general aspects of virus genome replication, and then we shall give individual attention to the DNA viruses, the RNA viruses and the reverse-transcribing viruses. (basicmedicalkey.com)
As we saw in Chapter 5, when viruses infect eukaryotic cells the genomes of some are delivered to the cytoplasm and some are conveyed to the nucleus. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The genomes of most DNA viruses are replicated in the nucleus, but those of some dsDNA viruses are replicated in the cytoplasm. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The genomes of most RNA viruses are replicated in the cytoplasm, but there are exceptions amongst the minus-strand RNA viruses ( Table 7.1 ). (basicmedicalkey.com)
The reovirus polymerase and those of other viruses belonging to the Reoviridae function within the confines of a protein capsid to transcribe the tightly packed dsRNA genome segments. (caister.com)
10. Have to have a term for the dsRNA viruses that pack a SINGLE strand of RNA & then replicate in the head. (geneontology.org)
Viruses in the family Reoviridae have genomes consisting of segmented, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). (wikidoc.org)
The genomes of viruses in Reoviridae contain 10-12 segments which are grouped into three categories corresponding to their size: L (large), M (medium) and S (small). (wikidoc.org)
Since these viruses have dsRNA genomes, replication occurs exclusively in the cytoplasm and the virus encodes several proteins which are needed for replication and conversion of the dsRNA genome into (+)-RNAs. (wikidoc.org)
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is in many cases the only available template for molecular and diagnostic studies of RNA viruses. (bethlehem.edu)
dsRNA is produced either by RNA viruses during replication or by DNA viruses upon convergent transcription. (cnrs.fr)
Over the past decade our double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)antibodies have been used extensively to detect and characterise plant and animal viruses with dsRNA genomes or intermediates. (nordicmubio.com)
in 2006, where J2 was used to show that all the positive strand RNA viruses tested produced copious amounts of dsRNA in infected cells, this antibody has been used extensively in a wide range of systems, as documented in over 200 scientific publications. (nordicmubio.com)
J2 can be used to detect dsRNA intermediates of viruses as diverse as Hepatitis C virus, Dengue virus, rhinovirus, Chikungunya virus, Rabies virus, Polio virus, Classic swine fever virus, Brome mosaic virus and many more in cultured cells and also in fixed paraffin-embedded histological samples. (nordicmubio.com)

Isolate numbers for the Orbivirus reference collection ( www.reoviridae.org/dsRNA_virus_proteins/ReoID/EEV-isolates.htm ). (cdc.gov)
To do this, we examine the non-redundant viral diversity stored in public databases, predict proteins in genomes lacking such information, and used all annotated and predicted proteins to identify potential protein domains. (mdpi.com)
I think beside the benefit of genetic reassortment, having a segmented genome in influenza would probably mean all 8 segments can be made into proteins at the same time, shortening replication time. (virology.ws)
The genes of the virus have been expressed from the cDNA copies of the genome in E. coli and the viral proteins are now being studied, in particular the viral RNA-directed RNA polymerase P2. (cuny.edu)
The replication of a virus genome is initiated at a specific nucleotide sequence that is recognized by the proteins that initiate replication. (basicmedicalkey.com)
13. Should there be "escort functions" for A2 and similar proteins that escort the genomes into the host & protect the genome from degradation? (geneontology.org)
16. Does GO:0019066 translocation of virus into host cell for host proteins or the viral proteins that escort the genome into the cell? (geneontology.org)
After genome has been released, the channel shrinks .Capsid protein VP2: Forms an icosahedral capsid of pseudo T=3 symmetry with capsid proteins VP2 and VP3. (enquirebio.com)
After genome has been released, the channel shrinks .Capsid protein VP0: Component of immature procapsids, which is cleaved into capsid proteins VP4 and VP2 after maturation. (enquirebio.com)
In turn, high levels of cyctoplasmic calcium may trigger mbrane trafficking and transport of viral ER-associated proteins to viroplasms, sites of viral genome replication .Protein 2C: Induces and associates with structural rearrangents of intracellular mbranes. (enquirebio.com)
The antiviral dsRNA-binding proteins, NF90/NF110, act as key regulators in circRNA biogenesis. (ijbs.com)
The B. glabrata genome contains 14190 unannotated proteins after filtration with about 85% of its proteome annotated. (ac.ir)
Programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) is a mechanism used by arteriviruses like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) to generate multiple proteins from overlapping reading frames within its RNA genome. (uleth.ca)

Both segments of the DXV genome contain 5' terminal GGA triplet and a 3' terminal CCC triplet consensus, which is consistent with birnaviridae (Shwed, 2002). (wikipedia.org)
as a free RdRp and as the genome-liked protein (VpG) that attaches to both 5' end segments of the DXV through a Ser-5'-GMP phosphodiester bond. (wikipedia.org)
Full-length plus-strand transcripts from each of the dsRNA segments are synthesized. (expasy.org)
dsRNA has at least 10 segments (28). (cdc.gov)
BTV has a genome composed of 10 linear segments of dsRNA. (tees.ac.uk)
The household Reoviridae is a nonenveloped virus group with a double-stranded (ds) RNA genome comprising 9 to 12 segments. (bioconstructor.com)
The circular genome and antigenome RNAs of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) form characteristic unbranched, quasi-double-stranded RNA supplementary structures where brief double-stranded helical segments are interspersed with inner bulges and loops. (gasyblog.com)

The replication of DXV follows the characterized dsRNA virus replication cycle. (wikipedia.org)

Non-enveloped, spherical, about 30 nm in diameter, pseudo T=3 icosahedral capsid surrounding the naked RNA genome. (expasy.org)
dsRNA mycovirus capsids are based on a 120-subunit T = 1 capsid, with a dimer as the asymmetric unit. (bepress.com)
Genomic dsRNA remains enclosed by the inner capsid, thereby "hiding" from host antiviral mechanism. (expasy.org)
9. What happened to capsid formation around genome via self-assembly? (geneontology.org)
The capsid is 300 Angstroms in diameter, composed of 60 copies of each capsid protein and enclosing the viral positive strand RNA genome. (enquirebio.com)
The capsid is 300 Angstroms in diameter, composed of 60 copies of each capsid protein and enclosing the viral positive strand RNA genome .Capsid protein VP3: Forms an icosahedral capsid of pseudo T=3 symmetry with capsid proteins VP2 and VP3. (enquirebio.com)
Capsid protein VP4 is released, Capsid protein VP1 N-terminus is externalized, and together, they shape a pore in the host mbrane through which the viral genome is translocated into the host cell cytoplasm. (enquirebio.com)

For those viral genomes that are replicated in the cytoplasm, nucleic acid synthesis usually takes place inside structures within the cytoplasm. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Polycystronic mRNA are transcribed by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) P2 inside the core particle and released into the cell cytoplasm, so that dsRNA is never exposed to the cytoplasm. (expasy.org)
Together, they shape a pore in the host mbrane through which viral genome is translocated to host cell cytoplasm. (enquirebio.com)
The core particle then enters the cytoplasm by a yet unknown process where the genome is transcribed conservatively causing an excess of (+) sense strands, which are used as mRNA templates to synthesize (-) sense strands. (wikidoc.org)

This was possible in the lab because the molecular biology of replication is well characterised and that measles virus is polyploid allowing the engineering of a tri-segmented genome that can replicate and be packaged into virions. (virology.ws)
During infection of a host cell, rotaviruses replicate their dsRNA genome in tandem with the early stages of virion particle assembly. (wfu.edu)

For most linear genomes this sequence is at one of the ends of the nucleic acid. (basicmedicalkey.com)
This allowed us to determine that the heparan sulfate pathway and the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex are key determinants allowing entry of both dsRNA and viral nucleic acid leading to cell death. (cnrs.fr)
Please note that nucleic acid separation prior to dsRNA-immunoblotting must be carried out by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, because the sensitivity of detection is considerably lower after blotting from agarose gels. (nordicmubio.com)

Having a segmented genome is another way to get around the limitation that eukaryotic mRNAs can only encode one protein. (virology.ws)
Small RNAs have proven to be essential regulatory molecules encoded within eukaryotic genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
In response, cells produce the interferon inducible RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) that, when bound to viral dsRNA, phosphorylates eukaryotic initiation factor 2αand attenuates viral protein translation. (uleth.ca)

The genome of the infecting virus is replicated so that viral transcription can be amplified and to provide copies of the genome for progeny virions. (basicmedicalkey.com)

The virion RNA is infectious and serves as both the genome and viral messenger RNA. (expasy.org)

Mapping all miRNAs to the tammar genome and comparing target genes among tammar, mouse and human, we identified 163 conserved target genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies of human genome demonstrate that protein-coding genes only occupy less than 2% of the entire genome [ 1 ]. (ijbs.com)
Genetic determinants restricting the reassortment of heterologous NSP2 genes into the simian rotavirus SA11 genome. (wfu.edu)
In this study, we employed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screen based on cell survival in order to identify genes implicated in the host response to dsRNA. (cnrs.fr)
Using a genome-wide screening approach, we set to identify genes involved in dsRNA entry, sensing, and apoptosis induction in human cells. (cnrs.fr)
The ongoing annotation of these genomes should spark a new wave of interest in the DED pathosystem, as it should lead to the formal identification of genes modulating parasitic fitness. (sisef.it)

The monopartite dsRNA genome of RrV1 has a length of 8964 bp and contains two ORFs encoding a structure/gag protein and an RdRp. (bvsalud.org)
TSV purified from infected plants consists of a ss-RNA genome encapsulated by spheroid particles made up of coat protein subunits. (wikimili.com)
This would result in depletion of MHC, trail receptors and IFN receptors at the host cell surface .Viral protein genome-linked: acts as a primer for viral RNA replication and rains covalently bound to viral genomic RNA. (enquirebio.com)
PRRSV employs −1 PRF directed by RNA secondary and tertiary structures within its viral genome (canonical PRF), as well as a noncanonical −1 and −2 PRF that are stimulated by the interactions of PRRSV nonstructural protein 1β (nsp1β) and host protein poly(C)-binding protein (PCBP) 1 or 2 with the viral genome. (uleth.ca)

Plus-strand genomes have the same sequence as the mRNA (except that in DNA thymine replaces uracil), while minus-strand genomes have the sequence complementary to the mRNA. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Although HDV is certainly buy MMAD distinct from various other negative-strand RNA infections for the reason that RNA replication is certainly accomplished using web host instead of viral RNA polymerase (8), it really is comparable for the reason that both antigenome and genome are from the viral nucleoprotein, HDAg, in cellular material (6, 8, 13). (gasyblog.com)

The -OH group of the nucleotide at the 3′ end forms a linkage with the first nucleotide, then DNA synthesis proceeds to copy the whole genome. (basicmedicalkey.com)
The impact of real-time whole genome sequencing in controlling healthcare-associated SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
We utilised whole genome sequencing (WGS) to identify outbreaks and focus infection control resources and intervention during the UK's second pandemic wave in late 2020. (cdc.gov)

Single-stranded genomes are designated as plus or minus depending on their relationship to the virus mRNA. (basicmedicalkey.com)
These four channels serve as the inlet and outlet for the template, substrate, dsRNA product, and mRNA transcript during replication and transcription. (caister.com)
However, circRNAs were initially regarded as viral genomes or byproducts of pre-mRNA alternative splicing, and thus they did not gain much attention for a long time [ 15 ]. (ijbs.com)
2010). Recently J2 has also been used to monitor the removal of dsRNA from in vitro synthethised mRNA preparations that may have potential use in gene therapy (Kariko et al. (nordicmubio.com)

We analysed the genomes of two lower and one higher termite species and compared them to the genome of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica , as a closely related non-eusocial outgroup. (nature.com)
We examined each of these small RNA classes with respect to the newly assembled tammar wallaby genome for gene and repeat features, salient features that define their canonical sequences, and the constitution of both highly conserved and species-specific members. (biomedcentral.com)

In order to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the cross-family infection of SMV, we used double-stranded RNA extraction, rapid amplification of cDNA ends polymerase chain reaction and Gibson assembly techniques to carry out SMV full-length genome amplification from susceptible soybeans and constructed an infectious cDNA clone for SMV. (ppjonline.org)

These short RNAs participate in a diverse array of cellular processes including gene regulation, chromatin dynamics and genome defense. (biomedcentral.com)
As part of the genome sequencing initiative for the tammar, we have explored the evolution of each of the major classes of mammalian small RNAs in an Australian marsupial for the first time, including the first genome-scale analysis of the newest class of small RNAs, centromere repeat associated short interacting RNAs (crasiRNAs). (biomedcentral.com)
This study encompasses the first analyses of the major classes of small RNAs for the newly completed tammar genome, validates preliminary annotations using deep sequencing and computational approaches, and provides a foundation for future work on tammar-specific as well as conserved, but previously unknown small RNA progenitors and targets identified herein. (biomedcentral.com)
Small RNAs play important roles in many aspects of pre- and post-transcriptional gene regulation, epigenetic modifications, chromosome segregation and genome structure. (biomedcentral.com)
This toxicity can be avoided by switching to short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which are truncated RNA duplexes that bypass the aforementioned dsRNA cleavage step, retain targeted gene silencing abilities of dsRNA, and do not trigger the deleterious immune response in mammalian cells. (technologynetworks.com)

These capsids, which remain structurally undisturbed throughout the viral cycle, nevertheless, are dynamic particles involved in the organization of the viral genome and the viral polymerase necessary for RNA synthesis. (bepress.com)
We describe a real-time RT-PCR assay that targets the highly conserved genome segment 1 (encoding the viral polymerase-VP1) that can be used to detect all of the 24 serotypes, as well as geographic variants (different topotypes) within individual serotypes of BTV. (tees.ac.uk)
In vitro dsRNA synthesis by rotavirus polymerase mutants with lesions at core shell contact sites. (wfu.edu)
The round HDV RNA genome may be the smallest recognized to infect human beings and it is replicated by web host RNA polymerase (8). (gasyblog.com)

The segment A genome is 3360-bp in length. (wikipedia.org)

In this chapter we consider the fifth step of our generalized replication cycle: genome replication. (basicmedicalkey.com)

Genomic sequences of TEPs were retrieved after annotation of the B. glabrata genome. (ac.ir)

Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin engineered the genome of bacteria found in the gut of bees and bumble bees to make them produce additional biologically active molecules (double stranded ribonucleic acid, dsRNA). (testbiotech.org)
RNAi involves transferring a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into a cell where it is cleaved and processed into smaller RNA fragments (21 nucleotides). (technologynetworks.com)
RNAi using dsRNA has been found to evoke a double-stranded RNA immune response in mammalian cells which can affect cell viability. (technologynetworks.com)
This quasi-double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) framework has often been known as an unbranched fishing rod or even a rod-like framework. (gasyblog.com)
Among those molecular cues, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a very potent inducer of different reactions at the cellular level that can ultimately lead to cell death. (cnrs.fr)
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is the hallmark of many viral infections. (cnrs.fr)
Mouse monoclonal antibody J2 recognises double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) provided that the length of the helix is greater than or equal to 40 bp. (nordicmubio.com)

Full genomic sequences were determined and the genome structure as well as molecular properties are presented. (bvsalud.org)

The family Partitiviridae comprises of five genera with bi-segmented dsRNA genomes that accommodate members infecting plants, fungi or protists. (elsevierpure.com)

The genome of the SMV Shanxi isolate (SMV-SX) consists of 9,587 nt and encodes a polyprotein consisting of 3,067 aa. (ppjonline.org)

In 2013, the genome sequences of O. ulmi and O. novo-ulmi were publicly released. (sisef.it)

We showed that COG4 knockout led to a decrease of extracellular HS that specifically affected dsRNA transfection efficiency and reduced viral production, which explains the increased cell survival of these mutants.IMPORTANCE When facing a viral infection, the organism has to put in place a number of defense mechanisms in order to clear the pathogen from the cell. (cnrs.fr)
Highly structured RNA derived from viral genomes is a key cellular indicator of viral infection. (uleth.ca)

Until recently, however, functional analysis of the DED fungi was hampered by the lack of protocols for efficient gene knockout and by the unavailability of a full genome sequence. (sisef.it)
The small genomes of the DED fungi also facilitate genomic analyses. (sisef.it)

dsRNA-recognition is independent of the sequence and nucleotide composition of the antigen. (nordicmubio.com)

Replication takes place by way of a double-rolling-circle system which involves the round reverse complement from the genome, the antigenome (9, 10). (gasyblog.com)

In addition, the anti-dsRNA antibodies can be used as a diagnostic tool to detect pathogens, including detection in paraffin-embedded fixed tissue samples (Richardson et al. (nordicmubio.com)

The linear genome (14.7 kbp) of two isolates from Japanese and USA bell pepper cultivars were completely sequenced and compared. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Segmented linear dsRNA genome . (expasy.org)

It protects the viral genome and plays a role in cell to cell movement. (wikimili.com)

Virology question of the week: why a segmented viral genome? (virology.ws)

Synthetic dsRNA is also able to mimic viral-induced activation of innate immune response and cell death. (cnrs.fr)

We show evolutionary signatures of termite eusociality by comparing the genomes and transcriptomes of three termites and the cockroach against the background of 16 other eusocial and non-eusocial insects. (nature.com)
What evolutionary advantage is conferred by having a segmented genome? (virology.ws)

Specifically, DXV contains a bi-segmented dsRNA genome. (wikipedia.org)

Bell peppers ( Capsicum annuum ) harbour a large dsRNA virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)

By challenging HCT116 human cells with either synthetic dsRNA or Sindbis virus (SINV), we identified the heparan sulfate (HS) pathway as a crucial factor for dsRNA entry, and we validated SINV dependency on HS. (cnrs.fr)

Anatomy14

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