• A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies to identify prostate cancer susceptibility loci associated with aggressive and non-aggressive disease. (nih.gov)
  • There is need to investigate and document genetic variation at loci of pharmacogenetic relevance among different SSA populations since this information could be used to inform drug efficacy, safety and recommended dosage [ Reference Dandara 6 - Reference Masimirembwa and Hasler 8 ]. (cambridge.org)
  • Multiple genetic susceptibility loci have been identified in genomic studies, and specific major histocompatibility complexes are also linked to lupus. (lww.com)
  • The study found 13 loci (specific locations on various chromosomes) associated with COVID-19 susceptibility or severity through genome wide association studies (GWAS), as well as causal evidence for the association for body mass index (BMI) and smoking with COVID-19 severity through Mendelian randomization . (cdc.gov)
  • Specifically, for this study, 4 loci were found to be associated with COVID-19 susceptibility and 9 loci were associated with COVID-19 severity. (cdc.gov)
  • Understanding genetic factors contributing to COVID-19 infection and severity may provide new biological insights into disease pathogenesis and identify therapeutic targets. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • The present authors contend that highlighting subtle histological differences between UIP and NSIP and using these to define separate clinical entities is incorrect and is hindering attempts to better understand the pathogenesis of fibrotic lung disease. (ersjournals.com)
  • This mini-review discusses the impact of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of RA, the selection of gut microbiota-related biomarkers for diagnosing RA, and provides examples of cross-modulation between the gut microbiota and some drugs commonly used to treat RA. (frontiersin.org)
  • This mini-review discusses the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of RA, summarizes the diagnostic value of gut microbe-based biomarkers, and outlines mutual influences between the gut microbiota and some drugs used to treat RA. (frontiersin.org)
  • The aggregation of SNVs in the mitochondria respiratory chain suggests the pivotal role of those SNVs in the pathogenesis of RA with severe erosive arthritis. (nature.com)
  • In a recent review published in the journal Pharmacological Research, researchers in Brazil investigated the role of gut microbiota in cognition, brain function, behavior, and neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. (news-medical.net)
  • Scientists review current literature associated with the role of the gut-brain axis in AD pathogenesis. (news-medical.net)
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
  • According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), each year in the United States at least 2.8 million antimicrobial-resistant infections occur, and more than 35,000 people die as a result. (fda.gov)
  • Although novel rapid drug susceptibility testing tools are increasingly available, their clinical applicability is unsettled. (cdc.gov)
  • The most important tool in the care of the patient with SLE is careful and frequent clinical and laboratory evaluation to tailor the medical regimen and to provide prompt recognition and treatment of disease flares. (medscape.com)
  • The clinical manifestations of drug-induced lupus erythematosus are generally milder with arthralgias and serositis being the predominant symptoms, and major organ involvement is usually absent. (lww.com)
  • With the recent completion of the canine and feline genome sequences, the unique traits of breeds, many hereditary disorders and genetic predispositions to disease have been characterized from the clinical signs to the gene defect. (vin.com)
  • Today, many hereditary diseases are well characterized from clinical signs to the gene defect, precise diagnostic tools have been developed to detect affecteds but also carriers, specific treatments can be offered for a few, and genetic counseling with breeder clients can improve the health of small animals in future generations. (vin.com)
  • Because of the increased awareness of breeders, pet owners, and veterinarians of genetic defects and the improved diagnostic abilities in clinical practice, the number of reported hereditary diseases in small animals is rapidly growing. (vin.com)
  • Recent exciting advances in our current knowledge of the completed dog and feline genome sequences offer the opportunity to clinicians to use these emerging tools in clinical practice and have a positive impact on the health of dogs as well as cats and in particular the diagnosis, management, and control of hereditary diseases. (vin.com)
  • The results point to a potential role for quantitative susceptibility mapping in clinical trials of promising new drugs, Zivadinov says. (radiologytoday.net)
  • However, treatment has been compromised by the absence of routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing in clinical care and evolution of antimicrobial resistance to the antibiotics used to treat gonorrhea. (cdc.gov)
  • In an exclusive interview with Medical Device Network , James McCullough, chief executive officer of Renalytix, a UK-based developer of AI based decision support and clinical management tools for improving early diagnosis of kidney disease discusses how AI is addressing early detection of kidney disease. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility tests (ASTs) are medical devices used in clinical laboratories to determine which antibiotics (or other antimicrobial agents) are likely to be effective against a particular microorganism causing an infection and what dose is needed to be effective. (fda.gov)
  • When someone has a potential bacterial or fungal infection, the health care provider gives the initial, empiric drug therapy to the patient based on clinical experience until more information can be obtained from testing. (fda.gov)
  • It is a remarkably heterogeneous disease in respect of genetic predisposition, tumor biology and clinical course. (lu.se)
  • Outbreaks have hospital in which the ICUs comprise Antibiotic susceptibility testing was been increasingly reported and most an internal medicine unit (10 beds), a determined using modified Kirby- of those outbreaks are caused by multi- coronary care unit (7 beds), a hepatol- Bauer method following the Clinical drug resistant (MDR) strains of this ogy unit (7 beds), a burns unit (10 beds) Laboratory Standards Institute guide- organism. (who.int)
  • 3 National Influenza Centres (NICs, usually national or provincial diagnostic or reference laboratories) report in-country influenza activity to WHO and refer a subset of clinical specimens or virus isolates to WHO collaborating centres (WHO CCs) for detailed antigenic and genetic characterization, antiviral drug susceptibility testing and other analyses. (who.int)
  • In fact, because of similarities in the pathways for biosynthesis of staphyloxanthin and human cholesterol, a drug developed in the context of cholesterol-lowering therapy was shown to block S. aureus pigmentation and disease progression in a mouse infection model. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pharmacogenomics provides an opportunity to identify candidate genes for studying disease progression and outcomes. (cambridge.org)
  • Another recent observation is that disease progression in IPF, rather than always being gradual and progressive, frequently occurs through a series of rapid stepwise deteriorations 7 . (ersjournals.com)
  • 13 Socioeconomic factors have been associated with poorer outcomes and higher disease activity, 14 although it remains unclear whether it plays a role in disease susceptibility or subsequent progression. (lww.com)
  • The lower iron content in the thalamus and higher iron content in other deep gray matter structures of people with MS were associated with longer disease duration, higher disability degree, and disease progression. (radiologytoday.net)
  • A complete risk factor analysis including lipids and a glucose tolerance test was done initially, at 18 months and five years into the study along with repeat angiography to examine whose arteries showed progression of disease and whose who did not. (roadbikerider.com)
  • A statistical analysis of all their risk factors and blood chemistries was done to correlate what contributed to coronary artery disease progression. (roadbikerider.com)
  • Clearly Simvastatin did not affect the progression of the disease in those who already had documented atherosclerosis. (roadbikerider.com)
  • By understanding early on who is at risk, we can take proactive measures to prevent disease progression. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • We've introduced new biomarkers and tackled the challenge of predicting disease progression in chronic kidney disease, which is not a straightforward endpoint like life or death. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • This study, therefore, supports the potential use of HLA testing in prioritizing public healthcare interventions for patients at risk of COVID-19 infection and disease progression, in addition to providing personalized immunotherapeutic targets. (bvsalud.org)
  • monitoring antibiotic resistance and vaccine uptake and advising government on infectious disease policy. (phgfoundation.org)
  • Lastly, antibiotic therapeutics prioritize the treatment of infectious diseases without inducing anti-bacterial resistance mechanisms. (cbinsights.com)
  • Researchers at EPFL and Vrije Universiteit Brussel have developed a novel and highly efficient method for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing using optical microscopy. (news-medical.net)
  • Researchers estimated the frequency of bacterial co-infections among hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and of antibiotic prescriptions in the initial COVID-19 period for appraising the usage of antibiotic stewardship criteria. (news-medical.net)
  • Results for two types of antibiotic susceptibility tests are shown in this image, a gradient diffusion test and a disk diffusion test to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of group-B strep. (fda.gov)
  • We report a patient with pulmonary TB relapse with discordant genotypic and in vitro phenotypic drug susceptibility testing results associated with a mutation outside the RIF resistance determining region (RRDR) of the rpoB gene. (cdc.gov)
  • Currently, its standard treatment includes surgery and platinum chemotherapy, but most patients will relapse within 16-22 months due to drug resistance and other factors, and the 5-year survival rate of ovarian cancer is only 46% [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Due to the large tumor load in advanced patients, drug resistance is easy to occur during chemotherapy. (hindawi.com)
  • The growing burden of disease including infectious diseases such as HIV and TB as well as non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer, requires understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of susceptibility, drug response and resistance towards improving health solutions in SSA [ Reference Sirugo 1 ]. (cambridge.org)
  • This is the first report to present comprehensive surveillance data from GISP and summarize gonococcal susceptibility over time, as well as underscore the history and public health implications of emerging cephalosporin resistance. (cdc.gov)
  • Copy number variations (CNVs) of the Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance 1 ( pfmdr1 ), P. falciparum pfplasmepsin2 ( pfplasmepsin2 ) and P. falciparum GTP cyclohydrolase 1 ( pfgch1 ) genes are associated with antimalarial drug resistance in P. falciparum malaria. (researchsquare.com)
  • The aim of the present study was to develop and validate ddPCR assays for detection of the CNVs of P. falciparum genes associated with resistance to antimalarial drugs. (researchsquare.com)
  • The ddPCR assay is a useful additional tool for the surveillance of antimalarial drug resistance. (researchsquare.com)
  • However, the emergence and spread of resistance to ACTs and related drugs have resulted in poor curative rates, especially in Southeast Asia [ 1-5 ]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Molecular surveillance is needed not only for the detection of mutations to the P . falciparum kelch gene, which are associated with artemisinin resistance [ 3 ], but also molecular markers associated with the efficacy of other antimalarial drugs. (researchsquare.com)
  • Personalized medicine can aid in the management of infectious diseases by identifying a person's susceptibility to certain infections or drug resistance. (popherald.com)
  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microorganisms change over time and no longer respond to drugs. (fda.gov)
  • By sequencing the genomes of pathogens, researchers can identify the genetic changes that lead to drug resistance, allowing for the development of more effective treatments. (siliconindia.com)
  • By studying the genetics of crops and livestock, scientists can identify genes that may be responsible for traits such as disease resistance or increased yields. (siliconindia.com)
  • With the same purpose, it is necessary to use mass media on a broader basis as well as disseminate published for population booklets and popular brochures on measures of control and prevention of cardio-vascular diseases, strengthening resistance of people to external negative impact and strengthening of protective factors. (who.int)
  • HIV/AIDS infection among drug addicts. (who.int)
  • Genomic technology is likely to play a significant role in infection control, although hospitals and other health providers will need to make individual decisions about which pathogens they sequence and when sequencing is needed. (phgfoundation.org)
  • Infection control is the principal area where next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies could be used now for infectious disease management and surveillance, complemented by established techniques. (phgfoundation.org)
  • They also play a crucial role in hospital infection control efforts by identifying common pathogens and providing drug susceptibility information. (phgfoundation.org)
  • Additionally, advanced sterilization techniques, infection prevention measures, and outbreak management protocols are crucial in preventing the spread of highly infectious diseases, such as COVID-19. (cbinsights.com)
  • Due to their function in presenting viral peptides and initiating the adaptive immune response, certain Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) alleles may influence the susceptibility to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. (bvsalud.org)
  • Oral administration of PTC-672 reduces Ng infection in a mouse model and may have therapeutic potential for treatment of Ng that is resistant to current drugs. (elifesciences.org)
  • This graphic shows how an antimicrobial susceptibility test, or AST, helps a health care professional determine the correct drug to treat a bacterial infection. (fda.gov)
  • In this regard, the role of mycobacterial methyltransferases (MTases) in TB infection can be fundamental, though it has not been broadly deciphered. (ac.ir)
  • The "stone-in-the-pond" principle, a are carried out soon after the index case is identified, the time technique in which concentric circles of contact persons is minimized during which infected persons could progress to around the case are sequentially investigated, is practiced in disease before receiving treatment for latent TB infection to many countries (4). (cdc.gov)
  • Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is caused by infection with the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi . (medscape.com)
  • A minority of persons with long-standing T cruzi infection develop the serious cardiac and gastrointestinal problems that characterize chronic symptomatic Chagas disease. (medscape.com)
  • Introduction: Hospitalised patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection have a high mortality rate and frequently require noninvasive respiratory support or invasive ventilation. (bvsalud.org)
  • COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is the disease resulting from infection by the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) virus. (bvsalud.org)
  • Death can result from infection or progressive disease. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The yeasts were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS). For all isolates, we performed phospholipases and proteinases assays, in vitro adherence to buccal epithelial cells (BEC), minimum inhibitory concentration of antifungal drugs and determined the cytokine profile by Cytometric Bead Array flow citometry assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Each month, N. gonorrhoeae isolates are collected from up to the first 25 men with gonococcal urethritis attending each of the participating sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics at 27 sites. (cdc.gov)
  • Isolates are tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using agar dilution at one of five regional laboratories. (cdc.gov)
  • No Azi-RS isolates exhibited reduced cefixime or ceftriaxone susceptibility (Cfx-RS and Cro-RS, respectively). (cdc.gov)
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rheumatic disease characterized by autoantibodies directed against self-antigens, immune complex formation, and immune dysregulation, resulting in damage to essentially any organ. (medscape.com)
  • So far, the studies which explore the relationship between the E2F1 polymorphisms and ovarian cancer susceptibility are rare. (hindawi.com)
  • The report covers research from the authors' laboratories on the structure and regulation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) genes, glucuronidation of xenobiotics and endobiotics, the toxicological relevance of UGTs, the role of UGT polymorphisms in cancer susceptibility, and gene therapy for UGT deficiencies. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Genomics has the potential to influence every step of the infectious disease pathway. (phgfoundation.org)
  • Emerging human genomics research will continue to provide insights into host-pathogen interactions and enhance the effectiveness of the public health response to infectious disease threats. (cdc.gov)
  • Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are recommended as front-line treatments for Plasmodium falciparum malaria, which remains an important infectious disease in tropical regions. (researchsquare.com)
  • A study out of the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research at McMaster University has resulted in the discovery of a promising new antimalarial compound. (news-medical.net)
  • NGS has also revolutionized the field of infectious disease genomics. (siliconindia.com)
  • It is hoped the tool can be applied to discover further susceptibility mechanisms across other human disorders. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • Genome-wide eQTL mapping however, has shown potential in revealing underlying genetic mechanisms of variation in disease outcomes. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • While this genetic alteration needs to be explored further to fully understand the role it plays, it offers insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying susceptibility to COVID-19 and other immune-related diseases, providing a basis for developing potential therapies harnessing these genetic mechanisms. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • We may in the future be able to use OAS1 and other genes on the same cascade in drug discovery or as therapeutic targets, but more research is needed to understand the specific mechanisms by which OAS1 or related genes may contribute to COVID-19. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • Other benefits genetic associations can provide are through understanding the COVID-19 biological mechanisms and the potential for developing drug targets. (cdc.gov)
  • They also serve as invaluable research tools, enabling the investigation of the physiological functions of receptors and underlying mechanisms of various diseases. (irbbarcelona.org)
  • However, we showed that genetics play a role in the respiratory response of asthmatic children to air pollution by potentially regulating oxidant/anti-oxidant cellular mechanisms and inflammation. (rug.nl)
  • Uunderstanding the underlying mechanisms of asthma severity and adding to the current knowledge of asthma pathophysiology may ultimately offer better targets for drug development for either prevention or cure of asthma. (rug.nl)
  • He revealed the interfacial inhibition paradigm based on molecular mechanisms of topoisomerase inhibitors, and has championed its broad relevance for molecular pharmacology and drug discovery. (cancer.gov)
  • The most highlighted impact of genomics is the inter-population variation, particularly the African genomic diversity, which could provide tools for improved understanding of individual variability in disease and pharmacology [ Reference Masimirembwa and Matimba 3 ]. (cambridge.org)
  • Disease-causing mutations are heritable changes in the sequence of genomic DNA that alter the expression, structure, and function of the coded protein. (vin.com)
  • The retroviral Gag precursor plays a central role in the selection and packaging of viral genomic RNA (gRNA) by binding to virus-specific packaging signal(s) (psi or ψ). (bvsalud.org)
  • Honeydew and manuka honey has strong antimicrobial activity against multi-drug resistant pathogens . (pakalertpress.com)
  • Susceptibility is an interesting imaging marker of disease severity that can predict which patients are at severe risk of progressing," Zivadinov says. (radiologytoday.net)
  • For example, this study found a gene variant of TYK2, previously shown to protect against autoimmune-related diseases , to be associated with COVID-19 hospitalization and severity. (cdc.gov)
  • The involvement of inflammation, HLA-C*04, and HLA-B*35 in COVID-19 severity highlights the potential roles of both the adaptive and innate immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. (bvsalud.org)
  • Kussauer S, David R, Lemcke H ( 2019 ) hiPSCs Derived Cardiac Cells for Drug and Toxicity Screening and Disease Modeling: What Micro- Electrode-Array Analyses Can Tell Us. (multichannelsystems.com)
  • Ma S, Ma J, Guo L, Bai J, Mao S, Zhang M ( 2019 ) Tongguan capsule-derived herb reduces susceptibility to atrial fibrillation by inhibiting left atrial fibrosis via modulating cardiac fibroblasts. (multichannelsystems.com)
  • Sexually transmitted infections caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae are a cause of pelvic inflammatory disease in women, which can lead to serious reproductive complications including tubal infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. (cdc.gov)
  • Both alleles have been linked to several respiratory diseases, including pulmonary arterial hypertension along with infections caused by the coronavirus and influenza. (bvsalud.org)
  • Antimicrobial agents, such as antibiotics, are drugs that work by killing or slowing the growth of targeted microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites) responsible for causing infections. (fda.gov)
  • ABSTRACT Multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains of Acinetobacter baumannii are responsible for an increasing number of opportunistic infections in hospitals. (who.int)
  • Most patients also develop a slowly progressive defect in cell-mediated immunity (T-cell function) that, in advanced disease, contributes to common bacterial and unusual fungal, viral, and protozoal infections. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Special attention will be paid to prevention of cardio-vascular diseases, reduction of micronutrient insufficiency, stabilization of infectious diseases incidence rate including TB, malaria, helminthiasis, brucellosis, restriction of dissemination of HIV/AIDS and immunization-sensitive infections. (who.int)
  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints. (frontiersin.org)
  • Chronic kidney disease is a prevalent condition, with one in ten adults affected. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), which over time deteriorates the function of the kidneys, is extremely common, with 37 million American adults suffering from the condition according to the National Kidney Foundation. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • The challenge that we're addressing is how do you manage chronic disease? (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • One of the major complications of diabetes is kidney disease and cardiovascular disease and these are the chronic diseases that drive most of the cost in the global healthcare system and derive an inordinate amount of unnecessary suffering. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • Our focus is around introducing prognosis and risk stratification at the front end of chronic disease management. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • Currently, we're starting with chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes and have received FDA authorisation for our advanced prognosis tool, KidneyIntelX. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • When dealing with early-stage disease risk, especially in conditions like chronic kidney disease, it's essential to have multiple tools to provide an accurate risk assessment. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that affect the gastrointestinal tract. (news-medical.net)
  • These fundamentally new approaches represent a major step forward in the field of peptide drug development and hold great promise for improving the lives of patients suffering from chronic gastrointestinal disorders. (irbbarcelona.org)
  • We investigated the role of genes encoding proteins involved in epithelial integrity, chronic airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma. (rug.nl)
  • Drugs designed to inhibit the bacterium's production of the staphyloxanthin may weaken it and renew its susceptibility to antibiotics. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because of the rarity of this disorder and the largely anecdotal character of many reports, the roles of antibiotics and antiplatelet agents (for the treatment of thrombocytosis) have not been formally addressed. (medscape.com)
  • Osler was the first physician who recognized that systemic features of the disease could occur without skin involvement. (medscape.com)
  • The disorder was recognized as early as the Middle Ages, with the 12th-century physician Rogerius being the first to apply the term lupus to the classic malar rash, and in 1872, Moric Kaposi first recognized the systemic nature of the disease. (lww.com)
  • The consequences of drug and chemical allergy can be severe, including systemic adverse effects ( 1 - 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multifactorial and systemic autoimmune disease and characterized by synovial inflammation and hyperplasia, autoantibody production, cartilage and bone destruction and systemic features including cardiovascular, pulmonary, psychological and skeletal disorders. (nature.com)
  • In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), many genetic-susceptibility factors, environmental triggers, antigen-antibody responses, B-cell and T-cell interactions, and immune clearance processes interact to generate and perpetuate autoimmunity. (medscape.com)
  • The team identified 1,275 eQTLs within the genome which alter gene expression along the innate immune response between people, relevant for 40 immune-related diseases such as Crohn's disease and diabetes. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • In a recent study published in the journal eGastroenterology, researchers delved into the latest therapeutic strategies for managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. (news-medical.net)
  • The Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP) was established in 1986 as a sentinel surveillance system to monitor trends in antimicrobial susceptibilities of N. gonorrhoeae strains in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • Despite the MIC decrease (i.e., trend of improved cefixime susceptibility) during 2012-2013, the increase in the number of strains with Cfx-RS in 2014 underscores the potential threat of cephalosporin-resistant N. gonorrhoeae . (cdc.gov)
  • Garlic and tea have antibacterial activity against Klebsiella , as well as drug resistant strains of Saphylococci, Enterococci and Psedomonas aeruginosa . (pakalertpress.com)
  • Biotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility profile was done for isolated strains. (who.int)
  • SNPs can also be used to track the inheritance of disease-associated genetic variants within families. (medlineplus.gov)
  • While genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous disease-associated variants involved in gene expression, implicating the involvement of eQTLs, they are unable to show any causal relationships. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • A non-COVID-19 example of this includes the interaction between variants in the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) gene and pesticide exposure increasing risk for Parkinson's disease . (cdc.gov)
  • Namely, a significant portion of the inherited susceptibility to common diseases may be due to summation of the effects of a series of low-frequency dominantly and independently acting variants of a variety of different genes. (nature.com)
  • Deep exon sequencing has been used for detecting rare/low-frequency variants related to common diseases. (nature.com)
  • Exome sequencing has been introduced to identify causative- or susceptible- rare/low-frequency variants in Mendelian diseases and common diseases, and numerous successful results have been reported. (nature.com)
  • Pathogenic germline sequence variants in two major susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 confer a high relative risk and explain a proportion of familial breast cancer. (lu.se)
  • Few other high-risk genes are known and current knowledge supports a polygenic model, a role of common low-risk variants that may interact in multiplicative fashion, but also of rare intermediate-risk gene variants. (lu.se)
  • Reduced azithromycin susceptibility (Azi-RS) (defined as minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] ≥2.0 µ g/mL) increased from 0.6% in 2013 to 2.5% in 2014. (cdc.gov)
  • It contains multiple concentrations of a drug and determines the lowest drug concentration [known as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)] that will kill the organism or slow its growth. (fda.gov)
  • However, many of the characteristic breed traits and common and rare genetic diseases seen in veterinary practice and disease predispositions, now recognized to have a heritable basis, have taken on an increasingly important role in veterinary medicine as many infectious diseases, nutritional deficiencies, and intoxications have been controlled. (vin.com)
  • SNPs help predict an individual's response to certain drugs, susceptibility to environmental factors such as toxins, and risk of developing diseases. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Personalized medicine minimizes the risk of adverse drug reactions by accounting for an individual's genetic predisposition, reducing the chance of harmful side effects. (popherald.com)
  • By identifying an individual's genetic predisposition to certain diseases, healthcare providers can develop personalized prevention strategies, such as lifestyle modifications and earlier screenings, to mitigate the risk of developing those conditions. (popherald.com)
  • By sequencing an individual's genome, doctors can identify genetic variations that may affect their response to drugs. (siliconindia.com)
  • World Health Organization estimations of 390,000-510,000 new MDR TB cases and 150,000 related deaths in 2008 highlight the need for timely drug susceptibility testing and improved therapies ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Genetic diseases are caused by chromosomal alterations or gene mutations. (vin.com)
  • Methods: Published systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and Conclusions: New recommendations are made for the choice and a new individual patient data meta-analysis from 12,030 number of drugs in a regimen, the duration of intensive and patients, in 50 studies, across 25 countries with confirmed continuation phases, and the role of injectable drugs for MDR-TB. (cdc.gov)
  • patients may present with many years of symptoms or with acute, life-threatening disease. (medscape.com)
  • The substantial adverse effects of corticosteroids led to a strategy of using various immunosuppressive drugs to minimize the need for corticosteroids, improving the prognosis for patients. (medscape.com)
  • As the number of people aged 65 years and above rises, physicians are increasingly confronted by elderly patients with impaired renal function, altered drug metabolism and multiple comorbidities. (stanford.edu)
  • End-of-life decision making in older patients with acute kidney injury and end-stage renal disease: ethical perspectives. (stanford.edu)
  • 3 Males and patients with later age of onset tend to have more severe disease and poorer prognosis. (lww.com)
  • Similarly, no scientifically supported information exists regarding the possible increase in susceptibility to overwhelming postsplenectomy sepsis (OPSS) in these patients. (medscape.com)
  • Many of the altitude-related episodes in patients with sickle cell disease can be safely treated with supportive care rather than with splenectomy. (medscape.com)
  • The disease can progress in many patients, leaving them severely disabled. (radiologytoday.net)
  • The researchers performed the mapping technique on 600 MS patients, including 452 with early-stage disease and 148 whose disease had progressed. (radiologytoday.net)
  • Current treatments involving anti-inflammatory drugs do not prevent MS patients from developing disability. (radiologytoday.net)
  • CKD patients are also more susceptible to heart disease, which is the biggest killer linked to CKD. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • Alleles and inferred haplotype frequencies in the hospitalized patient group (those with moderate to severe disease, n = 62) were compared to non-hospitalized patients (mild or asymptomatic, n = 30). (bvsalud.org)
  • As patients continue to improve and survive, physicians now must assess patients for long-term disease sequelae, such as atherosclerosis, and develop prevention strategies. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with immune complex disease in the kidneys may present with nephritis or nephrotic syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Colonies which that able role in the colonization and infec- were morphologically consistent with tion of patients admitted to hospitals. (who.int)
  • Suez Canal Uni- Susceptibility testing patients confined to hospital intensive versity hospital is a tertiary-care teaching care units (ICUs) [1]. (who.int)
  • Researchers have discovered a mechanism for COVID-19 susceptibility using a newly created tool. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • The tool, GASPACHO, captures dynamic changes in gene expression along the innate immune response, allowing researchers to identify genes and molecular pathways associated with disease risk that have previously been too complex to detect or interpret. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • Using GASPACHO (GAuSsian Processes for Association mapping leveraging Cell HeterOgeneity), researchers at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, the National Center for Child Health and Development in Japan, Tel Aviv University and their collaborators have identified a gene variant that affects COVID-19 susceptibility. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • Researchers examined the international dissemination of the outbreak of extensively drug-resistant Shigella sonnei. (news-medical.net)
  • Recently, researchers presented an overview of sex-based differences in adverse drug reactions (ADRs) based on epidemiology, technique, and underlying mechanism data. (news-medical.net)
  • By studying the genetics of different diseases, researchers can identify genetic mutations and other factors that may contribute to the development of a particular illness. (siliconindia.com)
  • Research is ongoing to identify SNPs associated with complex diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • NGS has also enabled the identification of genetic variations associated with common diseases, such as diabetes and heart disease, through Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). (siliconindia.com)
  • Connective tissue disease, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, drug-induced lung disease, resolved acute respiratory distress syndrome and some cases of cryptogenic organising pneumonia may all produce a histological picture of NSIP 1 , 3 . (ersjournals.com)
  • The possibility of finding these candidates is empowered by the significant impact (effect size) of drug response phenotypes such as adverse drug reactions and treatment outcomes, in contrast to other complex traits such as disease susceptibility and health [ Reference Maranville and Cox 2 ]. (cambridge.org)
  • Many of the characteristic breed traits and common and rare diseases seen in veterinary practice have a heritable basis. (vin.com)
  • It determines not only physical traits such as eye color and height but also susceptibility to diseases and response to drugs. (siliconindia.com)
  • Thre traits, personal life events, and luators can also as es ilicit drug questions are proposed to as es psychopathology variables. (who.int)
  • They can act as biological markers, helping scientists locate genes that are associated with disease. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Early diagnosis and careful treatment tailored to individual patient symptoms have improved the prognosis in what was once perceived as an often-fatal disease. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, improving the early diagnosis rate, chemotherapy drug sensitivity, reducing tumor recurrence, and improving disease prognosis are the focus of diagnosis and treatment research at the present stage [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • A wide range of key topics are covered, including end-stage renal disease, diabetic nephropathy, acute kidney injury, drug metabolism and renal toxicity, dialysis and its complications and the use of renal transplantation. (stanford.edu)
  • Interindividual UGT variability likely plays an important role in drug efficacy and xenobiotic toxicity, as well as in hormonal regulation and certain diseases, which in some cases may be amenable to therapeutic manipulations including gene therapy. (aspetjournals.org)
  • By analyzing genetic variations related to drug metabolism, efficacy, and toxicity, healthcare providers can better predict which drugs will be most effective for a particular patient, preventing adverse reactions and optimizing treatment outcomes. (popherald.com)
  • Peptides have emerged as a therapeutically and commercially important drug class owing to their exceptional specificity, potency and low toxicity. (irbbarcelona.org)
  • Its Torus Synestia System provides seamless, comprehensive, sample-to-insight test results for major infectious diseases in a faster format than conventional methods, helping for better patient care and improved outcomes. (cbinsights.com)
  • This study also identifies immune system genes that may play a role in COVID-19 outcomes. (cdc.gov)
  • Some disease outcomes may occur through an interaction between the human genotype and the environment, not solely because of human genotype or environmental exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • Personalized medicine offers immense potential in improving treatment outcomes, reducing healthcare costs, and advancing disease prevention. (popherald.com)
  • Unfortunately, by the mid-1980s the first statin drug studies emerged claiming lowering LDL cholesterol reduced cardiovascular death rates in those who previously had a heart attack by "20 to 25 percent. (roadbikerider.com)
  • There are a group of studies clearly indicating that elevated triglycerides combined with low HDL (two abnormalities known to be caused by high insulin ) are much more predictive of cardiovascular disease than elevated total cholesterol or elevated LDL levels. (digitalnaturopath.com)
  • Recent evidence implicates medicinal nicotine as potentially harmful to both neurodevelopment in children and to catalyzing processes underlying neuropathology in Alzheimer's Disease. (nih.gov)
  • Additionally we note that the studies in our review assessing the impact of communicating disease risks on non-routine behaviours i.e. attendance at screening or attending for behavioural support, also indicated an absence of effect. (bmj.com)
  • Several genome-wide association studies based on the common disease-common variant hypothesis as well as meta-analyses have been conducted to elucidate the genetic risk of RA. (nature.com)
  • Genomics is a rapidly growing field of study that has revolutionized our understanding of the human genome and its role in health and disease. (siliconindia.com)
  • TFF peptides play a crucial role in gastrointestinal protection and repair, offering promising therapeutic potential for the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal disorders. (irbbarcelona.org)
  • Exposure to certain drugs may induce a lupus-like illness or exacerbate SLE. (lww.com)
  • There are no standardized diagnostic criteria for drug-induced lupus erythematosus, but in such cases there must have been continuous exposure to a pharmacological trigger for at least a month, with resolution after discontinuation of the drug. (lww.com)
  • Such studies should also aid in the design of molecular probes to assess the capacity of individuals to metabolize specific drugs and toxins, before exposure to these agents. (aspetjournals.org)
  • We further focused on the susceptibility of asthmatic children to ambient air pollution, an unavoidable environmental exposure of the modern world. (rug.nl)
  • Other test methods, such as the broth microdilution method, involve evaluating microbial growth after exposure to a series of drug concentrations included in a plate to determine the MIC. (fda.gov)
  • Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Department of Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response. (nationalacademies.org)
  • As we observe the 100th anniversary of the 1918 influenza pandemic, we are reminded of the importance of preparedness for and adequate response to influenza, and the critical role of influenza surveillance through laboratory detection. (who.int)
  • In contrast, the colonization of Bacteroides fragilis is associated with enhanced activity of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which may alleviate autoimmune disease ( 25 , 26 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Comprehensive study reveals that whole ginger extracts have a significant impact on inhibiting neutrophil hyperactivity, a key factor in autoimmune diseases like APS and lupus. (news-medical.net)
  • The study, published in Nature Genetics (12 June), helps to unpick the relationship between specific genes, their expression levels, and their potential connection in disease susceptibility. (sanger.ac.uk)
  • Most studies have focused on the identification of memory T cells that recognize drugs/chemicals and the insights obtained have led to the development of allergy diagnostic tests ( 7 - 21 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • This has provided unprecedented insights into the genetic basis of diseases, the diversity of life on Earth, and the evolution of species. (siliconindia.com)
  • Ma S, Ma J, Tu Q, Zheng C, Chen Q, Lv W ( 2020 ) Isoproterenol Increases Left Atrial Fibrosis and Susceptibility to Atrial Fibrillation by Inducing Atrial Ischemic Infarction in Rats. (multichannelsystems.com)
  • Shah D ( 2020 ) Heart Disease on a Dish. (multichannelsystems.com)
  • For children with renal disease, recognition of the steroid-sparing effect of immunosuppressive agents, such as azathioprine, mycophenolate, and cyclophosphamide, has greatly improved kidney organ survival and outcome. (medscape.com)
  • Understanding this role has the potential to reveal efficient strategies not only for allergy diagnosis but also for prediction of the immunogenic potential of new chemicals. (frontiersin.org)
  • The detailed and high-resolution information obtained by sequencing a pathogen from a patient can be used to make a diagnosis and inform treatment, but is also important in a public health context for understanding how diseases spread in the community. (phgfoundation.org)
  • Genomics is also helping to advance our understanding of disease. (siliconindia.com)