Shimeld, S.M. (2022): Hmx gene conservation identifies the origin of vertebrate cranial ganglia. (uibk.ac.at)
Furthermore,the absence of Ftm in arthropods underlines the divergence between vertebrate and Drosophila Hh pathways. (silverchair.com)
Investigation of additional candidate genes identified in the cDNA microarray analysis could further delineate the genetic networks of the organizer during vertebrate embryogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
Right panels show immunostaining of head organizer cocktail-injected embryos against notochord by MZ15 (dorsal view of the same embryo as shown in the left panel) and somites by 12/101 (lateral view), respectively. (xenbase.org)
Such DNA constructs, when electroporated in fertilised eggs, produce transiently transgenic embryos and allow rapid gene functional and gene regulatory analyses , in precisely identifyable tissue precursors, from earliest embryonic stages in vivo . (uibk.ac.at)
Conversely, in standard-cultured embryos showing altered LR marker gene expression, maturation of the PNC was impaired leading to a disturbance of leftward flow. (studylibde.com)
When the flow was blocked during culture by methylcellulose-containing medium embryos displayed altered LR marker gene expression in a very high proportion. (studylibde.com)
Dorsal4
1998 - Elected to United States National Academy of Sciences in "Cellular and Developmental Biology" section: "Utilizing an elegant blend of in vitro and in vivo studies, Levine carried out insightful and complete analysis of regulatory events that govern segmentation and dorsal-ventral polarity in Drosophila. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we show that in Xenopus, Fry plays a role in morphogenetic processes during gastrulation, in addition to its previously described function in the regulation of dorsal mesodermgene expression. (nature.com)
Larval equivalent stages of ascidians and vertebrates have resembling structures such as a central notochord (embryonic structure forming the vertebral colomn in vertebrates), a dorsal neural tube and flanking muscles. (uibk.ac.at)
SHH signaling regulates dorsoventral patterning of the neural tube by repressing genes that are associated with dorsal and lateral fates and by activating genes associated with ventral fates (reviewed by Briscoe and Ericson, 2001 ). (silverchair.com)
Forebrain1
1994), raising the possibilityaction of signals that impose regional character on cells that this gene participates in the specification of neuronalat different rostrocaudal positions within the neural plate identity within the forebrain as well as at more caudal levels(Doniach et al. (fliphtml5.com)
Target genes3
Using these devices, Otx2 and other head organizer TFs (for example, Lim1/Lhx1 (activator) or Goosecoid (repressor)) are able to upregulate or downregulate a large battery of target genes in the head organizer . (xenbase.org)
An underlying principle is that Otx marks target genes for head specification to be regulated positively or negatively by partner TFs through specific types of CRMs. (xenbase.org)
The Lhx1 transcription factor plays several roles during embryogenesis, regulating target genes expression by forming multiprotein complexes with LIM binding protein 1 (Ldb1). (bvsalud.org)
Candidate genes1
To better understand the molecular changes associated with AD, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of candidate genes linked to the disease, like the receptor tyrosine kinase EphA1. (sdbonline.org)
Receptor2
A role for a Drosophila Eph receptor tyrosine kinase (Eph) in the control of photoreceptor axon and cortical axon topography in the developing visual system is described. (sdbonline.org)
In invertebrates, such as Drosophila , Hh binds its receptor Patched (Ptc) and thereby activates Smoothened (Smo),another transmembrane protein. (silverchair.com)
Tissue1
For example, this work included insights into classical myodeterminants and the composition of the notochord, the defining tissue of the chordate phylum. (wikipedia.org)
Specification2
Head specification by the head -selector gene, orthodenticle (otx), is highly conserved among bilaterian lineages. (xenbase.org)
Furthermore, in multiple cancer types, PPP4C-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in pattern specification, morphogenesis, and canonical Wnt activation. (bvsalud.org)
Organizer1
This analysis yielded a list of prospective organizer genes, and we determined the role of six-transmembrane domain containing transmembrane protein 150b (Tmem150b) in organizer function. (bvsalud.org)
Mechanisms3
1982 - Jane Coffin Childs Postdoctoral Fellowship 1985 - Searle Scholars Research Fellowship 1985 - Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship 1996 - NAS Award in Molecular Biology - "For his insightful contributions to our understanding of gene regulation networks and molecular mechanisms governing the development of organisms with a segmented body plan. (wikipedia.org)
1) the mechanisms and dynamics for gene regulatory switches affecting the pluripotent ectoderm in vivo . (uibk.ac.at)
This presents a starting point for studies into the underlying mechanisms of AD including interactions with other AD-associated genes, like Rho1, Ankyrin, Tau and APP with the potential to identify new targets for treatment. (sdbonline.org)
Regulatory3
He is notable for co-discovering the Homeobox in 1983 and for discovering the organization of the regulatory regions of developmental genes. (wikipedia.org)
He then joined the faculty of Columbia University, where he "led the discovery of the modular organization of the regulatory regions of developmental genes. (wikipedia.org)
The fully sequenced genome, since compact and unduplicated, gives acces to regulatory DNA segments, isolated for reporter gene essays in vivo . (uibk.ac.at)
Expression9
There, he co-discovered the homeobox with Ernst Hafen and fellow post-doc William McGinnis: After learning that Ultrabithorax, a gene that specifies the development of wings, showed a localized pattern of expression similar to that of Antennapedia, they decided to revisit the classic papers of Ed Lewis. (wikipedia.org)
Joseph Corbo said of the work, "Before Levine's studies of even-skipped stripe 2, it wasn't clear how you generated spatially restricted patterns of gene expression from initially broad crude gradients of morphogens. (wikipedia.org)
I think that the even-skipped stripe 2 studies were the defining studies that showed how an organism can interpret those gradients and turn them into specific patterns of gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
A L-R expression screen identified the cytoskeletally-associated gene, actin binding lim protein 1 ( Ablim1 ), as asymmetrically expressed in both the node and left lateral plate mesoderm (LPM). (biomedcentral.com)
At the node, a previously unrecognised action of early nodal flow and Pkd2 activity, within the pit of the node, influences gene expression in a symmetric manner. (biomedcentral.com)
In rabbit, Shh induced right-sided marker gene expression only in the 2 somite stage, whereas in chick this inductive effect lasted from stage 4 until up to the 1-2 somite stage. (studylibde.com)
The systemic inhibition of Shh signalling by cyclopamine led to bilateral expression of LR marker genes in rabbit. (studylibde.com)
The systemic inhibition of FGF8 signalling with SU5402 caused loss of LR marker gene expression prior to the 2 somite stage but did not influence ciliogenesis or the setup of cilia-driven leftward flow. (studylibde.com)
Given the high evolutionary conservation of gene expression and segmentation patterning between mammalian and amphibian nephrons, the Xenopus laevis pronephric kidney offers a simplified model for studying nephrogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
Transcription1
Satou, Y. (2020): Gata is ubiquitously required for the earliest zygotic gene transcription in the ascidian embryo. (uibk.ac.at)
Development2
Although much of Levine's work, including his homeobox studies, has been done in Drosophila Levine's team is also prominent in work with the sea squirt, Ciona intestinalis, an invertebrate that facilitates study of development. (wikipedia.org)
4 Laboratory of Mammalian Genes and Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. (biologists.com)
Large1
The Furry (Fry) gene encodes a large protein (~ 330 kDa) that is evolutionarily conserved from yeast to humans. (nature.com)
Cell1
The furry ( fry ) gene encodes an evolutionarily conserved protein with a wide variety of cellular functions, including cell polarization and morphogenesis in invertebrates. (nature.com)