Drosophila dna. Medical search. Frequent questions

We have hybridized Drosophila melanogaster DNA sequences to polytene chromosomes of D. silvestris. (hawaii.edu)
We have cloned the RAD6 homolog from Drosophila melanogaster and find that its encoded protein displays a very high degree of identity in amino acid sequence with the homologous RAD6 proteins from the two divergent yeasts, S. cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and from human. (eur.nl)
To address this, we used a lacZ reporter system in wild-type and several mutant strains of Drosophila melanogaster to analyze mechanisms of mutagenesis throughout their lifespan. (tufts.edu)
One species of Drosophila in particular, D. melanogaster, has been heavily used in research in genetics and is a common model organism in developmental biology. (wikipedia.org)
The terms "fruit fly" and "Drosophila" are often used synonymously with D. melanogaster in modern biological literature. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] Several Drosophila species, including Drosophila melanogaster, D. immigrans, and D. simulans, are closely associated with humans, and are often referred to as domestic species. (wikipedia.org)
Recurrent insertion of transposable elements in specific genomic regions has been described in the Drosophila melanogaster reference genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Using the model organism, Drosophila melanogaster, we investigate two novel mutations in two different evolutionary conserved regions. (ecu.edu)
Our previous studies showed that HEG drive was more difficult to achieve in Drosophila melanogaster than Anopheles gambiae and we therefore investigated ways of improving homing performance in Drosophila . (plos.org)
Chan Y-S, Huen DS, Glauert R, Whiteway E, Russell S (2013) Optimising Homing Endonuclease Gene Drive Performance in a Semi-Refractory Species: The Drosophila melanogaster Experience. (plos.org)
Drosophila simulans is a species of fly closely related to D. melanogaster, belonging to the same melanogaster species subgroup. (wikipedia.org)
Here, using the model species Drosophila melanogaster , we used a combination of Genome Wide Association mapping (GWAS) and transcriptomic profiling to characterize whether genes associated with thermal tolerance are primarily involved in dynamic stress responses or preparatory processes that influence physiological condition at the time of thermal stress. (frontiersin.org)
Data suggest that the main nonsatellite component of these species is simpler and more repetitive than that of D. melanogaster, pointing to a wide variability in content and class size distribution of repetitive DNA among Drosophila species. (uab.cat)
The chapter discusses several viable alternatives and their strengths and weaknesses along with the protocols used to map DNase I sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and methidium propyl-EDTA.Fe(II) sensitivity in Drosophila melanogaster. (psu.edu)
Metoder härrör för användning i Drosophila melanogaster kan kvantitativt jämföra nivåer av rumsliga och tidsmässiga mönster av genuttryck medieras av ändrat eller naturligt förekommande CRE varianter. (jove.com)
The complete mitogenomes of 13 strains of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster were sequenced. (lancs.ac.uk)
A genetic toolkit for studying transposon control in the Drosophila melanogaster ovary. (oeaw.ac.at)

Early Drosophila development depends on the correct distribution of maternal proteins in anterior/posterior (A/P) and the dorsal/ventral (D/V) axis. (dnafromthebeginning.org)
The interactions of proteins with chromosomal DNA control a variety of cellular processes, including gene transcription, DNA packing, replication, recombination, and DNA repair. (psu.edu)
Specific cloned DNA sequences can be assembled with proteins isolated from cellular extracts to provide details on the binding of each factor and its effect on the overall structure and activity of the complex. (psu.edu)
This technique is designed to locate the binding sites of purified proteins on end-labeled DNA fragments by determining which DNA base pairs become selectively resistant to DNA cleavage reagents. (psu.edu)
We find that this type of non-canonical fork convergence in fission yeast is prone to trigger deletions between repetitive DNA sequences via a mechanism we call Inter-Fork Strand Annealing (IFSA) that depends on the recombination proteins Rad52, Exo1 and Mus81, and is countered by the FANCM-related DNA helicase Fml1. (elifesciences.org)
DNA is wrapped around histone proteins forming a single repeating unit called the nucleosome. (mpg.de)
In most eukaryotes, telomeric DNA consists in large arrays of G-rich tandem repeats that are recognized by DNA binding capping proteins. (ens-lyon.fr)
However, Drosophila capping proteins can bind chromosome extremities in a DNA sequence-independent manner. (ens-lyon.fr)
We thus propose that the maintenance of capping proteins at Drosophila sperm telomeres is crucial for the transmission of telomere identity to the diploid zygote. (ens-lyon.fr)
Recent breakthroughs have uncovered more and more DNA replication licensing machinery proteins (ORC, Cdc6, Cdt1, geminin, etc.) functioning in other cell cycle events, including centrosome replication, mitotic events, transcription and so on. (intechopen.com)
Chromosome association of minichromosome maintenance proteins in Drosophila endoreplication cycles. (wikigenes.org)
These proteins are transcription factors, which means they attach (bind) to specific regions of DNA and help control the activity of particular genes. (medlineplus.gov)
The SALL1 protein helps turn off (repress) gene activity by interacting with other proteins that alter how tightly regions of DNA are packaged. (medlineplus.gov)

Loss of the bloom syndrome helicase increases DNA ligase 4-independent genome rearrangements and tumorigenesis in aging Drosophila. (tufts.edu)
Background: The BLM DNA helicase plays a vital role in maintaining genome stability. (tufts.edu)
In order to explore the biological consequences of copy number changes in the Drosophila genome, we resequenced the genomes of 19 tissue-culture cell lines and generated RNA-Seq profiles. (duke.edu)
Abstract The Drosophila genome is subject to a high degree of selection, especially unusually widespread negative selection compared to other taxa. (wikipedia.org)
A majority of the genome is under selection of some sort, and a supermajority of this is occurring in non-coding DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Variation in synonymous codon use and DNA polymorphism within the Drosophila genome. (figshare.com)
The Drosophila piRNA pathway provides an RNA-based immune system that defends the germline genome against selfish genetic elements. (nih.gov)
however, DNA polymerase delta (pol [delta]) carries much of the load by replicating a major portion of the genome in both leading and lagging strand synthesis. (ecu.edu)

This paper addresses the problem of recognising DNA cis-regulatory modules which are located far from genes. (biomedcentral.com)
The transcription rate of genes is dictated primarily by interactions between DNA-binding transcription factors. (biomedcentral.com)
Genes present in a euchromatic environment exhibit much more expression than genes present in a heterochromatic DNA structure. (luc.edu)
The fourth chromosome of the Drosophila species appears entirely heterochromatic, but has a similar proportion of active genes to that of its other euchromatic chromosomes. (luc.edu)
I annotated the coding spans and transcriptional start sites across the genes on the euchromatic 3L chromosome of Drosophila takahashii in order to allow for the identification of patterns causing the transcription of genes in these heterochromatic regions. (luc.edu)
Based on these population analyses, some genes have also been reported to accumulate many TE insertions, such as the 106.5 kb klarsicht , and the 24 kb derailed-2 that were analyzed in 146 strains of the Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In Drosophila , the BX-C cluster contains the three most posterior Hox genes, where their collinear activation incorporates progressive replacement of histone modifications, reorganization of 3D chromatin architecture and sequential activation of boundary elements and cis -regulatory regions. (biorxiv.org)
However, even though all cells in the human body contain the same DNA, they "express" different genes to fulfill different functions. (mpg.de)
This is because Drosophila genes controlling fundamental cellular functions, such as cell growth and death, are quite identical to those found in human cells. (ataxia.org)
Two such genes in Drosophila encode the enzymes dopa decarboxylase (Ddc) and tyrosine hydroxylase (ple) . (sdbonline.org)
Se caracterizan por poseer un dominio de unión al ADN emparejado altamente conservado que se identificó por vez primera en genes de segmentación de DROSOPHILA. (bvsalud.org)
They are characterized by a highly conserved paired DNA-binding domain that was first identified in DROSOPHILA segmentation genes. (bvsalud.org)

Drosophila (/drəˈsɒfɪlə, drɒ-, droʊ-/) is a genus of flies, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or (less frequently)[citation needed] pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit. (wikipedia.org)
Drosophila species are small flies, typically pale yellow to reddish brown to black, with red eyes. (wikipedia.org)
Drosophila species are found all around the world, with more species in the tropical regions. (wikipedia.org)
Drosophila made their way to the Hawaiian Islands and radiated into over 800 species. (wikipedia.org)
Drosophila species that are fruit-breeding are attracted to various products of fermentation, especially ethanol and methanol. (wikipedia.org)
Fruits exploited by Drosophila species include those with a high pectin concentration, which is an indicator of how much alcohol will be produced during fermentation. (wikipedia.org)
Males of this genus are known to have the longest sperm cells of any studied organism on Earth, including one species, Drosophila bifurca, that has sperm cells that are 58 mm (2.3 in) long. (wikipedia.org)
Since Rcd-1 is a regulator of differentiation in other species, it suggests that Rcd-1r may serve a similar role during spermatogonial differentiation in Drosophila . (plos.org)
Wolbachia infections give insight into how certain species of Drosophila are related. (wikipedia.org)
Drosophila sechellia has significantly distinct mitochondrial DNA, further emphasizing the evolutionary differences between the three species. (wikipedia.org)
Drosophila willistoni (Sturtevant, 1916) is a species of the willistoni group of Drosophila having wide distribution from the South of USA (Florida) and Mexico to the North of Argentina. (scielo.br)
The frequency and types of repetitive nonsatellite DNA of two sibling species of the repleta group of Drosophila, D. buzzatii, and D. koepferae have been determined. (uab.cat)
For each species, the analysis is based on a sample of more than 100 clones (400 kb) obtained from genomic DNA. (uab.cat)

Though overrepresentation of TFBS motifs in regulatory DNA has been intensively exploited by many algorithms, it is still a difficult problem to distinguish regulatory from other genomic DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
The repetitive sequences have been classified according to their hybridization pattern when used as probes against genomic DNA and by their in situ hybridization signals on polytene chromosomes. (uab.cat)
Problems that arise during DNA replication can drive genomic alterations that are instrumental in the development of cancers and many human genetic disorders. (elifesciences.org)
In this chapter, we mainly discuss the coordination regulations between DNA replication initiation and other cell cycle events that ensure genomic integrity. (intechopen.com)
The precise regulations of pre-RC protein levels and assembly are effective ways to prevent reassembly of de novo MCM2-7 onto the replicated origins to re-license and re-replicate the genomic DNA in the subsequent phases of the same cell cycle ( Figure 1) . (intechopen.com)
Author Manuscript genomic DNA sequence of interest that lies next to a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) matching the sequence NGG5-12, 14 (Supplementary Fig. 1). (cdc.gov)

The Origin Recognition Complex (ORC) binds to sites in chromosomes to specify the location of origins of DNA replication. (nature.com)
In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , there are over 400 origins of DNA replication located on 16 chromosomes and they can function as autonomously replicating sequences (ARSs) when inserted into a plasmid 19 . (nature.com)

By analysing tum/RacGAP50C mutant Drosophila embryos we show that cells lacking Tum do not form furrows and fail to localise the key cytokinetic components Pebble (a RhoGEF), Aurora B kinase, Diaphanous, Pav-KLP and Anillin. (biologists.com)
The defect in the myosin motor activity in these mutants is evident in developing Drosophila embryos where tissue recoil following laser ablation is decreased compared to wild-type tissue. (elifesciences.org)
Overall, our data highlights that myosin activity is required for rapid cell contraction and tissue folding in developing Drosophila embryos. (elifesciences.org)

for example, some strains can protect against DCV (Drosophila C virus) while other strains cannot. (wikipedia.org)
Drosophila simulans has also played an important role in sequencing the genomes for certain Wolbachia strains. (wikipedia.org)

These photos show a wild-type Drosophila embryo that developed with normal BICOID levels and a mutant that did not have any BICOID. (dnafromthebeginning.org)
This is a leg from another Drosophila mutant. (dnafromthebeginning.org)
We show that dysregulation of appropriate expression of components of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathway contributes to muscle developmental defects in cabeza mutant Drosophila. (europa.eu)
Cell proliferation and DNA replication defects in a Drosophila MCM2 mutant. (wikigenes.org)

The genetic makeup of the Drosophila piRNA pathway. (oeaw.ac.at)

A critical function of telomeres is to prevent the ligation of chromosome ends by DNA repair enzymes. (ens-lyon.fr)

The high degree of structural and functional conservation of RAD6 in eukaryotic evolution suggests that the various protein components involved in RAD6-dependent DNA repair and mutagenesis functions have also been conserved. (eur.nl)
Ultimately, this task is accomplished experimentally using techniques such as empirical deletion analysis, direct binding measurements, and co-precipitation of protein-DNA complexes. (biomedcentral.com)
The ORC-Cdc6 complex (product 1) assembles in step 1 around origin DNA and with the help of another replication initiator protein, Cdt1, it recruits the Mcm2-7 hexamer to the origin in step 2. (nature.com)
This image shows the embryonic expression pattern of a Drosophila protein called HAIRY (seen in yellow). (dnafromthebeginning.org)
One high-resolution method of mapping DNA-protein contacts that can be used with both reconstituted and cellular assemblies is DNA footprinting. (psu.edu)
Xrp1 is a DNA-binding protein that is involved in gene expression regulation. (europa.eu)
The RECQL4 protein, deficient in Rothmund-Thomson syndrome is active on telomeric D-loops containing DNA metabolism blocking lesions. (medscape.com)

The S. cerevisiae ORC binds to specific DNA sequences throughout the cell cycle but becomes active only when it binds to the replication initiator Cdc6. (nature.com)

Toll pathway modulates TNF-induced JNK-dependent cell death in Drosophila . (sdbonline.org)
To identify novel regulators of JNK-dependent cell death, this study performed a dominant-modifier screen in Drosophila and found that the Toll pathway participates in JNK-mediated cell death. (sdbonline.org)

The cochaperone shutdown defines a group of biogenesis factors essential for all piRNA populations in Drosophila. (oeaw.ac.at)

The Taq DNA Polymerase is intended for molecular biology applications. (qiagen.com)

Regardless of its precise form, collapse renders the fork incompetent for further DNA synthesis. (elifesciences.org)
Unscheduled DNA synthesis was measured in-vitro in human embryonic intestinal cells treated for 3 hours at eight concentrations that ranged as high as 9,900 micrograms per milliliter (microg/ml) and as low as 50microg/ml. (cdc.gov)

They found that numerous DNA regions were "marked" by H4K16ac during the early developmental stages before the onset of their gene activation. (mpg.de)
This paper reports that loss of function of the Drosophila gene cabeza (the Drosophila equivalent of the human FUS gene, mutations in which can cause a familial form of the motor neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or ALS) induces muscle developmental defects. (europa.eu)

The RAD6 gene of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for DNA repair, for DNA damage-induced mutagenesis, and for sporulation, and it encodes a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. (eur.nl)

The tiny fruit fly, Drosophila, is an organism extremely useful for studies on human biology, health and a wide range of pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases. (ataxia.org)

Drosophila simulans was found later to be closely related to two island endemics, D. sechellia and D. mauritiana. (wikipedia.org)
Through the analysis of cytoplasmic incompatibility and similar mitochondrial DNA, it has been shown that D. simulans and D. mauritiana are more closely related to each other than to D. sechellia. (wikipedia.org)
Infections of Wolbachia, a commonly infectious strain of bacteria observed in many insects such as Trichogramma and Muscidifurax uniraptor wasps, are transmitted between generations of Drosophila simulans. (wikipedia.org)
Among Drosophila simulans inbred males, two fitness characteristics, fertility and attractiveness to females, are especially susceptible to inbreeding depression. (wikipedia.org)

These two mutants, both homozygous lethal and recessive, show interesting phenotypes with a delay in S-phase, numerous chromosome aberrations, defects in endoreplication and possible protection form DNA damage. (ecu.edu)

The pre-replication complex (pre-RC) assembly or the DNA replication licensing is the first step in DNA replication initiation, characterized by the sequential recruitment of ORCs, Cdc6, Cdt1 and MCMs to the DNA replication origins to form the pre-RC at the end of mitosis ( Bell and Dutta 2002 ). (intechopen.com)

Drosophila homologue of the Rothmund-Thomson syndrome gene: essential function in DNA replication during development. (medscape.com)

The results support Muller's hypothesis that the chromosomal elements have been largely conserved in the evolution of the genus Drosophila. (hawaii.edu)
The other members of the genus Drosophila also make relatively few giant sperm cells, with that of D. bifurca being the longest. (wikipedia.org)

Here, we report that the miRNA iab-4 locus in the Drosophila Hox cluster is transcribed convergently from both DNA strands, giving rise to two distinct functional miRNAs. (nih.gov)
The product of this gene is an enzyme that plays a key role in DNA repair processes whose defective activity causes failure to reseal broken DNA strands causing neurodegeneration. (ataxia.org)

DNA replication occurs once and only once per cell cycle mainly regulated by DNA replication initiation factors in eukaryotic cells. (intechopen.com)

We show that so-called phosphomimetic mutants of the Drosophila regulatory light chain (RLC) do not mimic the phosphorylated RLC state in vitro. (elifesciences.org)

Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (poikiloderma congenitale) has been attributed to mutations of the RECQL4 gene on 8q24, which encodes a RecQ DNA helicase. (medscape.com)

Genetic complementation studies indicate that the Drosophila RAD6 homolog can functionally substitute for the S. cerevisiae RAD6 gene in its DNA-repair and UV-mutagenesis functions but cannot substitute in sporulation. (eur.nl)

Mitochondrial DNA, 27 (6). (lancs.ac.uk)

The evolutionary history of Drosophila buzzatii. (uab.cat)
Dive into the research topics of 'The evolutionary history of Drosophila buzzatii. (uab.cat)

Gene regulation is a complex process that involves mechanisms at the DNA sequence level and at the epigenetic level. (nature.com)
We inherit genetic information from our parents encoded in the DNA sequence. (mpg.de)

A strong negative correlation between the rate of amino-acid substitution and codon usage bias in Drosophila has been attributed to interference between positive selection at nonsynonymous sites and weak selection on codon usage. (figshare.com)

Recognition of regulatory DNA regions based on description of known transcription factor binding sites (TFBS). (biomedcentral.com)
The rhino-deadlock-cutoff complex licenses noncanonical transcription of dual-strand piRNA clusters in Drosophila. (oeaw.ac.at)

Epigenetic maintenance of telomere identity in Drosophila: buckle up for the sperm ride. (ens-lyon.fr)
Home / Teams / Epigenetics and Zygote Formation - B. Loppin / Publications / Epigenetic maintenance of telomere identity in Drosophila: buckle up for the sperm ride. (ens-lyon.fr)

A theoretical model has been developed to correct for the presence of a mixture of repetitive and unique DNA in these clones. (uab.cat)

Our work demonstrates that RGENs are highly active even with imperfectly matched RNA-DNA interfaces in human cells, a finding that might confound their use in research and therapeutic applications. (cdc.gov)
To begin to define the specificity determinants of RGENs in human cells, we sought to perform a large-scale test in which we assessed the effects of systematically mismatching various positions within multiple gRNA/target DNA interfaces. (cdc.gov)

We show that homing in Drosophila responds to increased expression of HEGs specifically during the spermatogonia stage and this could be achieved through improved construct design. (plos.org)
typically, when DNA is tightly packed, gene expression is lower than when DNA is loosely packed. (medlineplus.gov)

Scholars@Duke publication: DNA copy number evolution in Drosophila cell lines. (duke.edu)
An evolution of Michael Ashburner's 1989 classic Drosophila: A Laboratory Manual, this book is an essential addition to the personal library of Drosophila investigators and an incomparable resource for other research groups with goals likely to require fly-based technical approaches. (cshlpress.com)

RePub, Erasmus University Repository: DHR6, a Drosophila homolog of the yeast DNA repair gene RAD6. (eur.nl)

DNA adducts are subject to DNA repair and necrosis of the cell, which will alter the cumulative dose estimate depending if the exposure is intermittent (allowing for DNA repair time) or constant (no DNA repair time). (who.int)

Taq DNA Polymerase is supplied with the unique QIAGEN PCR Buffer that minimizes the need for optimization of PCR parameters, as well as Q-Solution, a novel additive that enables efficient amplification of "difficult" (e.g. (qiagen.com)

Eukaryotic DNA replication initiates at multiple origin sites along each chromosome and terminates when replication forks (RFs) from adjacent origins converge. (elifesciences.org)

We present a novel statistical method, the "fluffy-tail test", to recognise regulatory DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
We show that, in the data used, our method is able to distinguish cis-regulatory modules by exploiting statistical differences between the probability distributions of similar words in regulatory and other DNA. (biomedcentral.com)

Drosophila brain structure and function develop and age significantly from larval to adult stage. (wikipedia.org)

This so-called recombination-dependent replication (RDR) helps ensure that DNA is fully replicated prior to sister chromatid segregation, thereby avoiding mitotic catastrophes. (elifesciences.org)
There are three biomarkers of effect currently being applied to measure PO exposure in humans: DNA adducts, hemoglobin adducts, and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE). (who.int)

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