Evaluate past exposuresExposuresEpidemiologic studiesNIOSH'sCompensation Analysis and SupportRadiation dosesScientificallyCohortPotentiallyEstimationNuclearScientistsPresentationOccupationalProgramRapidlyRepresentsPhaseReportCompleteSite profilesInterimProcessDependsDetermineClaimsWorkersReviewScientificEnergyMethodsStudiesHealthHistoricalResearchProductsWorkEffortDistance
Evaluate past exposures2
- For these types of studies, dose reconstruction is similar to the process of estimating how much radiation current workers receive, for example at a nuclear facility, except dose reconstructions evaluate past exposures. (wikipedia.org)
- In addition, ATSDR evaluated data from the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC) and the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), and used doses calculated in Task 4 of the Tennessee Department of Health's Reports of the Oak Ridge Dose Reconstruction (Task 4 report) to evaluate past exposures. (cdc.gov)
Exposures7
- Dose estimation is the term sometimes used to describe the process used to determine radiation exposures to current populations or individuals. (wikipedia.org)
- Dose reconstruction methods are not limited to just measuring exposures to radiation. (wikipedia.org)
- Dose reconstruction principles can be used to reconstruct exposures to other hazardous materials and to determine the health effects of those toxins to populations or individuals. (wikipedia.org)
- ATSDR used the OREIS data covering the time period from 1989 to 2003 to evaluate the current and future exposures and doses related to radionuclide releases from White Oak Creek. (cdc.gov)
- ATSDR's estimated doses for current and future exposures to radionuclides from White Oak Creek based on these OREIS data were below levels shown to cause adverse health effects. (cdc.gov)
- This report describes activities performed by the Savannah River Site (SRS) related to the burning of radioactive solvent waste with the objective of determining the feasibility of reconstructing internal doses potentially received from exposures to fission product and alpha radionuclides. (cdc.gov)
- The questions facing NIOSH are these: Which of these individuals or groups of employees may be at risk of cancer or other adverse health effects from potential occupational exposures, decades ago, to radiation and other agents? (cdc.gov)
Epidemiologic studies3
- NIOSH is conducting several epidemiologic studies examining the relationship between cosmic radiation exposure, among other factors, and reproductive health of female flight attendants. (cdc.gov)
- CARI estimates will be used for dose reconstruction for the epidemiologic studies. (cdc.gov)
- The memorandum of understanding transferred from DOE to NIOSH the responsibility for conducting epidemiologic studies of employees at the DOE sites. (cdc.gov)
NIOSH's2
- Information about NIOSH's technical support activities under EEOICPA are conducted by NIOSH's Division of Compensation Analysis and Support (DCAS) . (cdc.gov)
- The advisory board is tasked to review the scientific validity and quality of NIOSH's dose reconstructions and advise the Secretary of HHS. (gao.gov)
Compensation Analysis and Support2
- As you will read in this blog post, the NIOSH Office of Compensation Analysis and Support (OCAS) assists with implementing a program created by the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 by completing dose reconstructions and other technical activities. (cdc.gov)
- The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) established its Office of Compensation Analysis and Support (OCAS) in 2001 after Congress passed the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 (the Act). (cdc.gov)
Radiation doses2
- Radiation dose reconstruction refers to the process of estimating radiation doses that were received by individuals or populations in the past as a result of particular exposure situations of concern. (wikipedia.org)
- One aim of this study was to measure cosmic radiation doses on a series of flights as a function of altitude, distance flown, latitude and longitude, and to compare dose-equivalent data collected on specific flights with doses estimated using the CARI computer program developed by the Federal Aviation Administration. (cdc.gov)
Scientifically3
- As you will read in this blog, dose reconstruction is a scientifically complex process. (cdc.gov)
- When conducted properly, dose reconstruction is a scientifically valid process for estimating radiation dose received by an individual or group of individuals. (wikipedia.org)
- For more than 25 years, NIOSH has worked with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and other partners to pursue an important and scientifically challenging mission. (cdc.gov)
Cohort1
- Because certain facilities are known to have exposed employees to radiation while keeping few records of individuals' exposure, their employees have been designated under the law as members of a "special exposure cohort," and their claims may be paid without individual dose reconstructions. (gao.gov)
Potentially1
- Officers visit NIOSH Morgantown potentially harmful organic vapors. (cdc.gov)
Estimation1
- Estimation of historical cosmic radiation dose is an essential component of these studies. (cdc.gov)
Nuclear3
- Knowing this, many may still be surprised to learn that NIOSH provides scientific support to a Congressionally-mandated program that dispenses compensation and medical benefits for nuclear weapons workers who may have developed certain work-related illnesses. (cdc.gov)
- Dose reconstruction methods have also commonly been applied in environmental settings to assess radionuclide releases into the environment from nuclear sites. (wikipedia.org)
- One such environmentally focused study was published in 1983 by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission entitled Radiological Risk Assessment: A Textbook on Environmental Dose Analysis. (wikipedia.org)
Scientists3
- EDRP represents a coordinated, comprehensive effort to develop sensitive, integrated, science-based methods for improving health scientists' and assessors' access to current and historical exposure-dose characterization. (wikipedia.org)
- EDRP was created to confront the challenge that faced health scientists and assessors who have not always had access to information-especially historical information regarding an individual's direct measure of exposure to and dose of chemicals associated with hazardous waste sites. (wikipedia.org)
- To bridge this gap between the known and the unknown, NIOSH scientists meticulously apply complex mathematical analyses. (cdc.gov)
Presentation1
- The dose reconstruction process has several basic elements, which have been identified as follows: Definition of exposure scenarios, Identification of exposure pathways, Development and implementation of methods of estimating dose, Evaluation of uncertainties in estimates of dose, Presentation and interpretation of results, Quality assurance and quality control. (wikipedia.org)
Occupational5
- The statute and subsequent Executive Order (EO) 13,179 designated the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), among other agencies, to carry out certain technical activities that support the administration of the program by the U.S. Department of Labor. (cdc.gov)
- Summary of Basic Elements of Dose Reconstruction Process as found in A Review of the Dose Reconstruction Program of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Radiation dose reconstruction methods are used to a large extent in occupational, environmental, and medical epidemiological research studies. (wikipedia.org)
- Several CDC agencies are involved in dose reconstruction projects: the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), the National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH), and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). (wikipedia.org)
- These "dose reconstructions" are developed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) under the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). (gao.gov)
- Introduction: Flight crew are exposed to elevated levels of cosmic ionizing radiation of galactic and solar origin and are among the more highly exposed occupational groups to ionizing radiation in the U.S., with annual doses ranging from approximately 0.2-5 mSv. (cdc.gov)
Program5
- In doing so, NIOSH conducts site profiles and dose reconstruction for program claimants, to estimate the types and levels of radiation to which workers were exposed on the job. (cdc.gov)
- While somewhat different from our typical research and prevention activities, the NIOSH role in this program speaks to our credibility as a scientific institution. (cdc.gov)
- In March 1993, ATSDR established the Exposure-Dose Reconstruction Program (EDRP). (wikipedia.org)
- The National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH) coordinates program and conducts environmental epidemiological health studies using dose reconstruction principles. (wikipedia.org)
- In the second program related to the health of energy employees, NIOSH provides technical assistance to the U.S. (cdc.gov)
Rapidly2
- The methods and techniques used in dose reconstructions have been growing and evolving rapidly. (wikipedia.org)
- Nerve fibers that are capable of rapidly conducting impulses away from the neuron cell body. (lookformedical.com)
Represents1
- This document represents preliminary positions taken on technical issues prepared by NIOSH or its contractor. (cdc.gov)
Phase1
- Cosmic radiation dose depends primarily on altitude and geomagnetic latitude and to a lesser degree on solar activity and phase of the solar cycle. (cdc.gov)
Report2
Complete3
- The scientific methods and practices used to complete dose reconstructions are often based on the standards published by international consensus organizations such as the International Commission on Radiological Protection. (wikipedia.org)
- NIOSH also compiles information in "site profiles" about the radiation protection practices and hazardous materials used at various plants and facilities, which helps complete the dose reconstructions. (gao.gov)
- A variety of policies, procedures, and guidelines are used to complete dose reconstructions. (cdc.gov)
Site profiles1
- To facilitate the advisory board's review, HHS awarded a 5-year $3 million contract to Sanford Cohen & Associates (SC&A) in October 2003 to perform a variety of tasks, such as examining selected site profiles and a sample of dose reconstructions. (gao.gov)
Interim1
- Draft, preliminary, interim, and White Paper documents are not final NIOSH or ABRWH (or their technical support and review contractors) positions unless specifically marked as such. (cdc.gov)
Process3
- The NIOSH process has always been an open one. (cdc.gov)
- When conducting a dose reconstruction, NIOSH may use personal radiation exposure data such as film badge readings, urine sample data, incident reports, medical x-rays, and employment history, as well as other information such as co-worker data, environmental exposure records, and process records. (cdc.gov)
- Under Subtitle B, determining the eligibility of claimants for compensation is a complex process, involving several federal agencies and a reconstruction of the historical evidence available. (gao.gov)
Depends1
- The extent to which the default values are used depends on the purpose of the reconstruction(s) being undertaken. (wikipedia.org)
Determine2
- The U.S. Department of Labor uses dose reconstructions to determine if it was at least as likely as not that workers' cancers were work-related. (cdc.gov)
- Under the Act, dose reconstruction is an accepted scientific method used by NIOSH to determine the amount of radiation a worker likely received while employed at a DOE facility or an Atomic Weapons Employer (AWE) facility. (cdc.gov)
Claims3
- All other claims involving beryllium, silica, and other toxic substances are handled solely by DOL and not forwarded to NIOSH for dose reconstruction. (cdc.gov)
- Between October 2001 and December 2007, NIOSH received more than 26,000 claims for dose reconstruction. (cdc.gov)
- NIOSH has completed more than 73% of these claims and returned them to DOL for a compensation decision. (cdc.gov)
Workers1
- q NIOSH ensures that research results are communicated directly to workers, management and government officials at the DOE sites or other locations where a study has been completed. (cdc.gov)
Review2
Scientific1
- It wasn't until the late 1970s that dose reconstruction emerged as a scientific discipline and it has been used in practice in the United States for the last two decades. (wikipedia.org)
Energy1
- If DOL determines that the energy worker (1) had the potential for workplace radiation exposure and (2) had developed cancer, then the claim is forwarded to NIOSH for a dose reconstruction before DOL makes its final compensation decision. (cdc.gov)
Methods1
- Under the Act, NIOSH was responsible for developing the methods for conducting dose reconstruction. (cdc.gov)
Studies1
- One of these programs builds on a 1991 memorandum of understanding between NIOSH and DOE that was based, in turn, on studies that began in 1978. (cdc.gov)
Health1
- Our experience with risk assessment combined with our previous work with uranium miners and the research conducted by the Health Effects Research Branch made NIOSH the logical choice. (cdc.gov)
Historical1
- The terms historical and retrospective often are used to describe a dose reconstruction. (wikipedia.org)
Research2
Products1
- NIOSH developed safety products. (cdc.gov)
Work1
- The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) conducts dose reconstructions in relation to work done at Superfund sites. (wikipedia.org)
Effort1
- NIOSH is proud of the efforts that we have invested with our partners in this effort, which involves two separate but related programs. (cdc.gov)
Distance1
- In a first response, state authorities appealed on inter-personal distance keeping, announced hygienic codes of conducts, enforced the use of obligatory face-masks and eventually introduced quarantine measures to minimize the spread. (aaqr.org)