GermaniumNanowiresSiliconMaterials TestingSurface PropertiesIon ChannelsIon TransportIon Channel GatingHeavy IonsSpectrometry, Mass, Secondary IonIon PumpsIon ExchangeMetalsPotassiumSodiumSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationCalciumMagnesiumHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationCationsKineticsChloridesMembrane PotentialsLigand-Gated Ion ChannelsZincModels, MolecularMass SpectrometryCobaltHeavy Ion RadiotherapyManganeseMolecular Sequence DataIon Exchange ResinsChromatography, Ion ExchangeBinding SitesAmino Acid SequenceCations, Monovalent