• However, in many chemical circumstances, the transfer of electronic charge to an electron acceptor may be only fractional. (wikipedia.org)
  • The electron is not completely transferred, which results in an electron resonance between the donor and acceptor. (wikipedia.org)
  • The driving forces for electron donor and acceptor behavior in chemistry is based on the concepts of electropositivity (for donors) and electronegativity (for acceptors) of atomic or molecular entities. (wikipedia.org)
  • The final result of this process (electron transport chain) is an electron being donated to an electron acceptor. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the non-fullerene PSCs, medium bandgap polymer donor-low bandgap n-OS acceptor pairs are particular interesting due to their complementary absorption in the visible-near infrared region, providing an effective approch for getting a high J sc . (nature.com)
  • ETC) A series of biochemical reactions that couple a chemical reaction between an electron donor and an electron acceptor to the transfer of protons across a membrane. (citizendium.org)
  • 70]PCBM and PCDTBT can be used as an acceptor and donor based fullerene derivative, which can be used in the fabrication of organic photovoltaics. (nanowerk.com)
  • For the efficiency of solar energy harnessing and better electron transport systems, uniquely assembled nanostructures of ZnO , TiO 2 , and an acceptor/donor energy system were fabricated using electrochemical approaches. (confex.com)
  • The cannulae bundle together to allow multiple cells to be connected [X]. This archaeum is a chemolithoautotroph and uses Hydrogen as an electron donor and Sulfur as an electron acceptor to perform inorganic redox reactions in extreme conditions. (kenyon.edu)
  • In the active layer of a polymer solar cell, you have the polymer donor - which absorbs sunlight and generates electron-hole pairs - and the fullerene acceptor, which transports electrons to electrodes. (ansto.gov.au)
  • This is probably because the late component has not enough excess energy to separate into the electron and hole across the donor/acceptor (D/A) interface. (hindawi.com)
  • The BHJ active layer, which consists of phase-separated nanosize domains of the donor (D) and acceptor (A) materials, efficiently absorbs the solar energy and converts it to the electric energy. (hindawi.com)
  • This requirement is often satisfied by an energetic offset between the donor and acceptor lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs). (hindawi.com)
  • This demonstration/validation project, performed at Naval Air Station (NAS) Jacksonville to target a tetrachloroethene (PCE) source area in clay materials, was conducted to validate the performance of an electrokinetic (EK) technique to promote uniform and effective distribution of remediation amendments (e.g., electron donors, electron acceptors, chemical oxidants) in low-permeability (low-K) and heterogeneous subsurface materials. (serdp-estcp.org)
  • Examination of the influence of various electron acceptors on reductive dehalogenation of tetrachloromethane by Shewanella putrefaciens 200 reveals that O2, NO(Sub 3)(super -) and NO(sub 2)(super -) inhibit the dehalogenation, while Fe(III), fumarate and trimethylamine oxide do not inhibit the dehalogenation. (readabstracts.com)
  • A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. (cathdb.info)
  • Molecular structures of prototypical donors and acceptors are shown. (hindawi.com)
  • With p-type polymers as electron donors and n-type polymers as electron acceptors, all-PSCs have contributed to the rise of high thermal, mechanical and photochemical device stability - with the prospect of large-area production. (ossila.com)
  • Using time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in conjunction with optical excitation we study charge separation in conjugated polymers blended with [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). (uni-potsdam.de)
  • Atomistic Simulations of Adiabatic Coherent Electron Transport in Trip" by Rajib Rahman, Seung H. Park et al. (purdue.edu)
  • We examine how the helical orbitals in odd-carbon cumulenes control the coherent electron transport properties, and we explicitly predict two modes in the experimental single-molecule conductance for these molecules. (rsc.org)
  • The major pathway of free radical leakage is the electron transport chain inside the damaged mitochondria. (stanford.edu)
  • Termed coherent-tunneling adiabatic passage CTAP , this method provides a robust way to transfer quantum information encoded in the electronic spin across a chain of quantum dots or donors. (purdue.edu)
  • Identification of the 2-Hydroxyglutarate and Isovaleryl-CoA Dehydrogenases as Alternative Electron Donors Linking Lysine Catabolism to the Electron Transport Chain of Arabidopsis Mitochondria. (mpg.de)
  • Mitochondria are especially sensitive to toxic insults, as they are a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), they contain their own DNA (mtDNA) that is unprotected by histone proteins, they contain the electron transport chain that uses electron donors, including oxygen, to generate ATP, and they are important sensors for overall cellular stress. (cdc.gov)
  • x]The membrane bound sulfur reducing complex is also comprised of nine major polypeptides including a hydrogenase, sulfur reductase, an electron-transport chain. (kenyon.edu)
  • Water stress promotes stomatal closure and reduction in CO 2 fixation that may cause over-reduction of the photosynthetic electron chain. (frontiersin.org)
  • The interaction between proteins in the nrb electroactive microorganisms revealed the existence of two common pathways that could connect the extracellular space with cytochromes involved in denitrification and on the electron transport chain. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • At the end of the electron transport chain, the electrons and hydrogen atoms are added to oxygen, forming water. (onlineclassstudyhelp.com)
  • Energy released by the electron transport chain is used to pump H+ ions into which location in eukaryotic cells? (onlineclassstudyhelp.com)
  • But he was studying an outbreak of non-A, non-B enteric hepatitis in Afghanistan, and in the absence of a cold chain, and probably also permission from his supervisors, to transport these specimens back to his lab in Moscow, he actually filtered the stool from nine acute patients, mixed it with yoghurt and ingested the slurry. (cdc.gov)
  • The shape of the transient EPR spectra reveals that the triplet excitons are, in contrast to those formed in pristine polymer films, not generated by direct intersystem crossing but result from back electron transfer through CT state recombination. (uni-potsdam.de)
  • High-performing polymer donor materials have been intensively studied and well-developed. (ossila.com)
  • The electron donating power of a donor molecule is measured by its ionization potential which is the energy required to remove an electron from the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO). (wikipedia.org)
  • The electrical current and voltage gradient established across a direct-current electric field provide the driving force to transport remediation amendments, including electron donors, chemical oxidants, and even bacteria, through the subsurface. (dtic.mil)
  • The remediation amendments distributed by the EK remediation system included electron donor (lactate, provided as potassium lactate), pH control reagents (potassium carbonate), and a dechlorinating microbial consortium (KB-1®) containing Dehalococcoides ( Dhc ). (serdp-estcp.org)
  • Proteins involved in the electron uptake from the cathode (which is in the extracellular space) are still not identified, mainly due to difficulties in its purification determined by the low biomass obtained on the systems. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • These structures were then investigated for electron transfer using characterization methods such as: SEM, TEM, XRD, and electrochemical potentiostat methods. (confex.com)
  • Pyrodictium abyssi is a chemolithiautotroph that gains energy from sulfur respiration utilizing hydrogen as an electron donor. (kenyon.edu)
  • Here we show how pyramidalized single-faced π-donors, such as the amine substituent, provide a strategy for splitting the helical molecular orbitals. (rsc.org)
  • SLC22A5 mutations can affect carnitine transport by impairing maturation of transporters to the plasma membrane. (medscape.com)
  • Electroautotrophs are microorganisms that use a polarized electrode (cathode) as sole electron donor for energy generation, CO2 fixation and other metabolic reactions. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • The use of a cathode as electron source for denitrifiers has received great attention in recent years as it allows to surpass the mentioned limitations that arise in wastewater treatment processes. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • For this purpose, 14 nitrate reducing bacteria (nrb) with sequenced genome were selected and separated according to whether they have proven electroactivity (capacity of using a cathode as electron donor) or not. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • transfers within the A domain to reach the cathode, where the electron is collected. (hindawi.com)
  • In chemistry, an electron donor is a chemical entity that donates electrons to another compound. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1983, as the legend goes, a colleague of ours, a Russian virologist, Mikhail Balayan, was able to isolate and visualize this new agent using electron microscopy. (cdc.gov)
  • Such a design aims at addressing the long-standing challenges in exciton dissociation and charge transport in an SWCNT network, which have bottlenecked development of photonic SWCNT-based infrared detectors. (ku.edu)
  • An electron transport model developed on the basis of reduction rate explains the inhibition patterns. (readabstracts.com)
  • In secondary carnitine deficiency, which is caused by other metabolic disorders (eg, fatty acid oxidation disorders, organic acidemias), carnitine depletion may be secondary to the formation of acylcarnitine adducts and the inhibition of carnitine transport in renal cells by acylcarnitines. (medscape.com)
  • Using large-scale atomistic tight-binding simulations involving over 3.5 106 atoms, we verify the existence of a CTAP pathway in a realistic solid-state system: gated triple donors in silicon. (purdue.edu)
  • Nature always inspires us to mimic natural photosynthetic systems such as, Purple photosynthetic bacteria, revealing a new light harvesting protein with efficient channels for energy and electron transport. (confex.com)
  • This study focuses on developing artificial photosynthetic systems for understanding the fundamentals of energy transfer, and electron transport in both water splitting, and photovoltaic devices with uniquely designed nanostructures. (confex.com)
  • This results in the complete and irreversible transfer of one or more electrons. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microorganisms, such as bacteria, obtain energy in electron transfer processes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our results show that a three-donor CTAP transfer, with interdonor spacing of 15 nm can occur on time scales greater than 23 ps, well within experimentally accessible regimes. (purdue.edu)
  • Analysis of a Range of Catabolic Mutants Provides Evidence That Phytanoyl-Coenzyme A Does Not Act as a Substrate of the Electron-Transfer Flavoprotein/Electron-Transfer Flavoprotein:Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase Complex in Arabidopsis during Dark-Induced Senescence. (mpg.de)
  • After the electron transfer, the resulting electron-hole pairs still feel electrostatic potential between them. (hindawi.com)
  • Denitrifying bacteria are often outcompeted by aerobic bacteria in the use of carbon and electron sources during water and wastewater treatment. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • In the present work, the electron uptake mechanism of electroautotrophic nitrate reducing bacteria (nrb) was studied by means of bioinformatic tools. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Eth)high cells from HIV+ donors shows that these cells possess a low delta psi m, thus demonstrating a functional alteration of mitochondria. (nih.gov)
  • This study was approved by the Health Commis- sion of Guangdong Province and the Ethics Commit- tees of Guangzhou Medical University to use patient and healthy donor sample specimens. (cdc.gov)
  • Petroleum hydrocarbons, less chlorinated solvents like vinyl chloride, soil organic matter, and reduced inorganic compounds are all compounds that can act as electron donors. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the absence of an exogenous electron donor, transformation of tetrachloromethane is supported by endogenous substrates. (readabstracts.com)
  • At the D/A interfaces, the electrons will be transferred to A, provided that the energy gain overcomes the exciton binding energy. (hindawi.com)
  • The resultant chimeric immune systems were demonstrated to be immunologically tolerant to heart tissue from the HSC donor, providing a safe platform for HSC transplantation as a means to solid organ transplantation. (stanford.edu)
  • It may be used with P3HT as an electron transporting material for the fabrication of solar cells with higher power efficiency. (nanowerk.com)
  • As a result, the list of indications for solid-organ transplantation has expanded considerably, placing increasing pressure on an already limited supply of donor organs. (medscape.com)
  • The removal, storage, and transplantation of a solid organ from a donor profoundly alters the homeostasis of the interior milieu of the organ. (medscape.com)
  • Consequently, the availability of carbon and electron sources is a limiting factor for denitrification. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • This project showed that EK could achieve relatively uniform transport in low-permeability materials. (dtic.mil)
  • Vitamin C is an important electron donor, which is why it is considered a potent water-soluble antioxidant with antiviral properties in humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • A solid-state analog of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage can be implemented in a triple-well solid-state system to coherently transport an electron across the wells with exponentially suppressed occupation in the central well at any point of time. (purdue.edu)
  • This is due to their great electron-transporting capabilities and higher electron affinities. (ossila.com)
  • PNDI(2HD)2T shows a higher degree of crystalline behaviours (that can promote 3D charge transport) compared to PNDI2(OD)2T. (ossila.com)
  • It is demonstrated that they allow the tuning the WF over a wide range of more than 1.5 eV, thus enabling the use of ZnO as both the hole-injecting and electron-injecting contact. (uni-potsdam.de)