Domain proteins functional src homology 3 domain. Medical search. Frequent questions

Mutations in the three SHANK genes encoding for postsynaptic scaffolding proteins have been shown to represent risk factors for autism spectrum disorders and other neurodevelopmental disorders. (nature.com)
As several synaptic proteins like neurexins and neuroligins are interaction partners of the SHANKs and associate with both disorders, the question arises if variants in the SHANK genes themselves can be associated with SCZ. (nature.com)
The ~1.5 Mb candidate region was shown to contain five protein-coding genes. (biomedcentral.com)
We discovered a very large uncharacterized gene containing WD40 and SH3 domains ( AHI1 ), and extended the annotation of four previously characterized genes ( MYB , ALDH8A1 , HBS1L and PDE7B ). (biomedcentral.com)
We also identified several genes that do not appear to be protein coding, and generated 17 kb of novel transcript sequence data from re-sequencing 97 EST clones. (biomedcentral.com)
The candidate interval was shown to exhibit an extraordinary level of alternate splicing - 19 transcripts were identified for the 5 protein coding genes, but it appears that a significant portion (14/19) of these alternate transcripts did not have an open reading frame, hence their functional role is questionable. (biomedcentral.com)
Using the protein-protein interaction analysis we observed strong interactions between the proteins produced by genes that are associated with cervical cancer. (jcancer.org)
Therefore, the causal genes and pathways are still not well known and additional genomic functional analyses are required to elucidate the biological mechanism between genetic variants and the risk of cervical cancer [ 12 , 13 ]. (jcancer.org)
This domain occurred 167 times on human genes ( 419 proteins). (umbc.edu)
Here, we report that the guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptor-activated WD-repeat Gβ interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), comigrates with it into the nucleus and suppresses GR-induced transactivation of the glucocorticoid-responsive genes. (rupress.org)
Additionally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to identify key genes involved in enhanced X-ray susceptibility of FaDu cells treated with RITA. (sagepub.com)
As opposed to other styles of muscles dystrophy, where mutations take place in genes encoding structural protein, calpainopathy was the initial reported kind of dystrophy predetermined by mutations within a gene encoding a proteolytic enzyme. (exposed-skin-care.net)
This domain occurred 384 times on human genes ( 874 proteins). (umbc.edu)
We previously reported the genome of T. horrida , and 597 genes that encoded secreted proteins were annotated. (biomedcentral.com)
These two encoded genes were up-regulated during early infection, and the encoded proteins were confirmed to be secreted using a yeast secretion system. (biomedcentral.com)
The cytotoxin-associated gene A ( cagA ) is one of the most important virulence genes of H. pylori , which is located at the end of cag pathogenicity island ( cag PAI) and encodes the 120-145 kDa CagA protein [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Over two dozen proteins involved in protein import and membrane insertion, peroxins, encoded by PEX genes, have been characterized. (tcdb.org)
Up to 30% of human protein-coding genes may be regulated by miRNAs ( 8 , 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

This motif is responsible for facilitating the homo- or heterodimerization of SH2-B family proteins as a mechanism for regulating signal transduction. (wikipedia.org)
SH3 (Src homology 3) domains are often indicative of a protein involved in signal transduction related to cytoskeletal organisation. (umbc.edu)
c-Src tyrosine kinase plays an important role in signal transduction pathways, where its activity is regulated by phosphorylation of the two tyrosine residues. (intechopen.com)

The SH2 domain spans approximately 100 amino acid residues and binds phosphotyrosine-containing proteins such as kinases. (wikipedia.org)
Like the other Vav proteins, Vav3 is phosphorylated (activated) following ligand binding to a variety of receptor tyrosine kinases (TKs), including EGF receptor, PDGF receptor, insulin receptor, and insulin-like growth factor I receptor. (cytoskeleton.com)
pp60c-src has less affinity for the detergent-insoluble cellular matrix than do pp60v-src and other viral protein-tyrosine kinases. (wikidata.org)
This protein has been shown to interact with and regulate the activity of MAPK8/JNK1 and MAP2K7/MKK7 kinases. (nih.gov)
The PTKc family is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other kinases such as protein serine/threonine kinases, RIO kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). (umbc.edu)
Tyk2 is a member of the Janus kinase (Jak) subfamily of proteins, which are cytoplasmic (or nonreceptor) tyr kinases containing an N-terminal FERM domain, followed by a Src homology 2 (SH2) domain, a pseudokinase domain, and a C-terminal tyr kinase catalytic domain. (umbc.edu)
The FH1 domain is also a binding site for diverse SH3-domain containing proteins like Src-like non-receptor tyrosine kinases, WISH (WASP-interacting SH3 protein) and IRSp53 (insulin receptor substrate) in mammals, and Hof1p in yeast [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Protein Kinases Promising Targets for Anticancer Drug Researc. (intechopen.com)
This motif is found in Cdc42/Rac-associated proteins such as the protein kinases Pak, MRCK and Ack, the adaptor proteins Spec and WASP, and, in degenerate form, in the kinases MLK, Mekk4, adaptor Par6, scaffold protein IRSp53, and the Borg proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) is a coinhibitory receptor associated with impaired T-cell function and is frequently coexpressed with programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) in the context of human cancers. (aacrjournals.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is an unusual orphan receptor that contains a putative ligand-binding domain but lacks a conventional DNA-binding domain. (cancerindex.org)
Studies suggest that the protein represses nuclear hormone receptor-mediated transactivation via two separate steps: competition with coactivators and the direct effects of its transcriptional repressor function. (cancerindex.org)
The SH3-SH2-SH3 C-terminal domains bind directly with the auto-phosphorylated cytoplasmic tails of the receptor TKs while the B- and T-cell receptors activate cytosolic TKs. (cytoskeleton.com)
It mediates cell surface urokinase receptor (uPAR) signaling and plays a role in modulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) functional behavior in response to injury. (umbc.edu)
We overexpress and purify adaptor proteins, Growth factor receptor bound protein 2 (Grb2), Grb2-related adaptor downstream of Shc (Gads), phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), and their SH2 domains, and analyze their molecular interactions with the intracellular regions of CD28, ICOS, and CTLA-4. (kpu-biophyschem.com)
Plant receptor proteins that trigger defense responses can recognize effectors, and the functions of several plant receptor proteins function have been reported. (biomedcentral.com)
us pharmacological inhibitors such as Picroto in GABAA receptor antagonist, Pertussis to in Gi protein coupled receptor pathway inhibitor, Herbimycin A tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Chelerythrine chloride protein kinase C inhibitor, not Wortmannin A phosphoinositide 3 kinase inhibitor, H 89 cAMP dependent protein kinase A inhibitor for 1 hr at 37 C with 5% CO2 in humidified air prior to the addition of human SIZP. (vegfr-3inhibitor.com)
c-Src (cellular Src), encoded by Src gene, is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase first isolated as the normal cellular homolog to the potent avian sarcoma viral transforming oncogene v-Src [ 4 ]. (intechopen.com)
NCK is a major adaptor protein involved in membrane receptor signalling and modulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. (eu.org)
In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , the minimal transport machinery includes the membrane proteins Pex13 and Pex14 and the cargo-protein-binding transport receptor, Pex5. (tcdb.org)
Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) were overexpressed in ESCC. (spandidos-publications.com)
Receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation attracts proteins containing Src homology 2 (SH2) or phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domains including adaptor proteins like FRS2 and GRB2. (springer.com)
RNase protection assays and chemokine protein production analysis validated the microarray results, as cross-linking the Ly-49D mouse NK receptor induced high levels of IFN-γ, lymphotactin, macrophage-inflammatory protein (MIP)1α, and MIP1β. (aai.org)
These Ly-49 inhibitory receptors, as well as inhibitory KIRs, contain cytoplasmic immune receptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) that are phosphorylated upon stimulation, leading to the recruitment of Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-1) and attenuation of intracellular signals ( 1 , 4 , 5 ). (aai.org)

The PH domain spans approximately 120 amino acid residues and binds the phosphatidylinositol lipids found in the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
We have generated a high affinity and selective humanized monoclonal IgG4 antibody, TSR-033, which binds human LAG-3 and serves as a functional antagonist, enhancing in vitro T-cell activation both in mixed lymphocyte reactions and staphylococcal enterotoxin B-driven stimulation assays. (aacrjournals.org)
The Tir protein of EPEC binds NCK1/NCK2 SH2 domains through a high affinity pYDEV motif ( Frese,2006 ). (eu.org)
Physiologically, the N-terminal domain of p126 binds the Src-homology 3 (SH3) domain of c-Abl, leading to activation of the MAPK/ERK2 kinase. (molcells.org)
The PX domain of Vam7p selectively binds PtdIns-3-P, while the PX domain of the CPK PI-3 kinase selectively binds PtdIns-4,5-P(2). (embl.de)

What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
SH2B3, a member of the SH2B adaptor protein family, is an intracellular adaptor protein that functions as a negative regulator in many signaling pathways, including inflammatory signaling processes. (mcw.edu)
Src Homology 2 (SH2) domains are small modular domains found within a great number of proteins involved in different signalling pathways. (eu.org)
In addition, they play important roles in gene transcription (via activation of mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways and, in higher eukaryotes, the transcription factor NFκB), generation of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and cell-cycle progression. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins targeted to the peroxisome (in plants called glyoxisomes) are synthesized in the cytoplasm of the cell and are targeted to the peroxisome post-translationally, possibly via multiple pathways. (tcdb.org)
Transformation by v-Src: Ras-MAPK and PI3K-mTOR mediate parallel pathways. (embl.de)
This suggests that other Ras-independent pathways contribute to transformation by v-Src. (embl.de)
To address the possibility that activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR/FRAP), represents one of these pathways, we have examined the effect of simultaneous inhibition of the Ras-MAPK and PI3K-mTOR pathways on transformation of CEF by v-Src. (embl.de)
Among them are the Sprouty proteins which mainly act as inhibitors of growth factor-dependent neuronal and glial signaling pathways. (springer.com)
The primary Ly-49D signaling for IFN-γ production is predominately mediated through Src kinase pathways involving membrane proximal events, whereas MIP1α and MIP1β gene induction is more complex and may involve multiple biochemical pathways. (aai.org)

By numerous specific protein-protein interactions, SHANKs are either directly or indirectly linked to other structural proteins, cell adhesion molecules, receptors, ion channels and to actin-interacting proteins at the postsynaptic density. (nature.com)
Our results demonstrate that SH3 (Src homology 3) domain-PRM (proline-rich motif) interactions involving multivalent linker proteins play central roles in concentrating NPFs at endocytic sites. (elifesciences.org)
The experiments show that WASP, myosin and WIP are recruited to sites where endocytosis is about to occur through specific interactions with other proteins. (elifesciences.org)
In this review, the hypothesis is forwarded that nNOS delivered to subcortical cytoskeleton requires interactions with scaffolding proteins prior to docking at the membrane. (frontiersin.org)
The AC's inhibitory conformation is further stabilized through interactions with the CH and DH/PH domains. (cytoskeleton.com)
Furthermore, the deleterious aftereffect of missense mutations can occur not merely from immediate disruption of CAPN3 function(s), but additionally from disruption from the protein's structural integrity, that could affect its intra or intermolecular protein lead and interactions to decreased stability or altered localization. (exposed-skin-care.net)
No pairwise interactions are available for this conserved domain. (umbc.edu)
To achieve our projects, we purify proteins, and analyze the physical properties and molecular interactions using biophysical methods such as circular dichroism (CD), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor. (kpu-biophyschem.com)
The results can be applied in protein engineering to increase protein stability and function, and further, for rational design of small molecules to inhibit molecular interactions. (kpu-biophyschem.com)
The present targets for protein interactions are as follows. (kpu-biophyschem.com)
They are able to bind specific motifs containing a phosphorylated tyrosine residue, propagating the signal downstream by promoting protein-protein interactions and/or modifying enzymatic activities. (eu.org)
In NCK SH2 domains, the EF loop is positioned away from the BG loop, exposing the pY+3 binding pocket where the side chain of Val forms tight interactions. (eu.org)
The residue at pY+2 does not make direct side chain interactions with the SH2 domain, but aromatic residues are not allowed. (eu.org)
SH2 domains are phosphotyrosine recognition domains, often mediating transient interactions with target proteins. (eu.org)

First described in the Src cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase. (umbc.edu)
In contrast, the predicted amino acid sequences for the activating receptors, Ly-49D and Ly-49H, do not contain any ITIMs in their cytoplasmic domains, confirming that these are not inhibitory receptors ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ). (aai.org)

LNK contains 3 functional domains: a C-terminal Src homology 2 (SH2) domain, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, and a dimerization domain. (wikipedia.org)
Vav3 contains a calponin homology (CH) domain, an acidic domain (AC), the Dbl homology (DH) and pleckstrin homology (PH) domains which are common to all Rho GEFs, an atypical cysteine-rich zinc finger (C1) domain, a proline rich domain, a Src homology-2 (SH2) domain, and two Src homology-3 (SH3) domains flanking the single SH2 region. (cytoskeleton.com)

SH2B adapter protein 3 (SH2B3), also known as lymphocyte adapter protein (LNK), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SH2B3 gene on chromosome 12. (wikipedia.org)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
We have identified new isoform of DLG2 gene, which contains 3'-end exons of the known DLG2 gene along with the hypothetical gene FLJ37266. (biomedcentral.com)
[ 4 ] The genetic defect appears to be a region of the gene encoding the KRT14 nonhelical head (E1/V1) domain located between the microsatellite markers D17S798 and D17S957, which are separated by approximately 26.97 cM. (medscape.com)
This gene encodes a scaffold protein that is thought to be involved in the regulation of the c-Jun amino-terminal kinase signaling pathway. (nih.gov)
The N-terminal A domain differs among the four subtypes of Ca 2+ channel β subunits (β 1 -β 4 ) primarily as the result of two duplications of an ancestral gene containing multiple alternatively spliced exons. (jneurosci.org)
You can find over 440 noted mutations within the calpain 3 gene up to now, included in this 212 (50%) are missense mutations, a lot of which alter its catalytic activity (22). (exposed-skin-care.net)
these proteins are also important in regulating gene transcription. (biomedcentral.com)
The X protein of hepatitis B virus activates hepatoma cell proliferation through repressing melanoma inhibitory activity 2 gene. (nih.gov)
This gene is highly expressed in fetal brain and encodes a protein of relative molecular mass 91K, named oligophrenin-1, which contains a domain typical of a Rho-GTPase-activating protein (rhoGAP). (embl-heidelberg.de)
Mature microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, well-conserved, non-coding RNA molecules that silence gene expression usually by interfering with mRNA stability or protein translation ( 6 , 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

tensin4 TNS4) was defined as a faraway person in the tensin focal adhesion family members (Lo and Lo 2002 It really is a much smaller sized proteins compared to various other tensins in support of stocks the SH2 (Src homology 2) and PTB (phosphotyrosine binding) domains bought at the C-terminal ends of most various other tensins (Lo 2004 (body 1). (researchensemble.com)
B) Cten appearance is certainly induced by many growth elements and cytokines (shown in vibrant) through Ras-Mek-MAPK … Framework Human cten is certainly a 715-residue polypeptide which includes two conserved domains: the SH2 area and PTB area (Lo and Lo 2002 1 Both had been originally defined as binding modules for phosphotyrosine-containing peptides. (researchensemble.com)
2003 As opposed to PTB domains SH2 domains recognize an important phosphotyrosine and adjacent C-terminal residues. (researchensemble.com)
2007 The SH2 domain of cten interacts with phosphotyrosine-containing protein. (researchensemble.com)

The SHANK protein family is composed of three multidomain scaffolding proteins residing at the postsynaptic density of excitatory glutamatergic synapses. (nature.com)

Fibroblast growth factor homologous factors are intracellular signaling proteins. (nih.gov)
The recruitment of specific cytosolic proteins to intracellular membranes through binding phosphorylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) controls such processes as endocytosis, regulated exocytosis, cytoskeletal organization, and cell signaling. (embl.de)

All NSP proteins contain an NH 2 -terminal SH2 (Src homology domain 2) domain, a central proline/serine-rich domain, and a COOH-terminal domain with modest homology to Ras subfamily GDP-exchange factors (GEFs). (molvis.org)
Members of a subfamily of these enzymes share a specific domain that was first identified in the yeast Sac1 protein [1]. (embl.de)

Thus, it is proposed to target the protein to the cell membrane, where LNK performs its regulatory function. (wikipedia.org)
In yeast, Arp2/3-mediated actin filament assembly drives endocytic membrane invagination and vesicle scission. (elifesciences.org)
For example, shank proteins are located further away from the membrane in the cytosolic faces of the PSDs, facing the actin cytoskeleton. (frontiersin.org)
The rationale of this organization may be related to important roles of these proteins as "exchange hubs" for the signaling proteins for their migration from the subcortical cytosol to the membrane. (frontiersin.org)
A thesis is proposed here, based on rational argument that depletion of the cytoskeletal organizer protein shank3 may result in defective nNOS membrane localization, resulting in defective nitric oxide synthesis. (frontiersin.org)
Both endogenous and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-fused Gβ2 and Gγ2 proteins were detected in the nucleus at baseline, whereas a fraction of EGFP-Gβ2 and DsRed2-GR comigrated to the nucleus or the plasma membrane, depending on the exposure of cells to dexamethasone or somatostatin, respectively. (rupress.org)
Based on primary sequence comparisons, β subunits are predicted to be modular structures composed of five domains (A-E) that are related to the large family of membrane-associated guanylate kinase proteins. (jneurosci.org)
2011) addresses two of these aspects, the translocation of soluble proteins into the peroxisomal matrix and the biogenesis of the peroxisomal membrane. (tcdb.org)
2011 ) have reviewed the processes by which matrix and membrane proteins are incorporated into the peroxysome. (tcdb.org)
The membrane bound docking subcomplex includes several Pex proteins, Pex13p, 14p and 17p. (tcdb.org)
Pex4p is a membrane protein that may facilitate cycling of Pex5p back to the cytosol. (tcdb.org)
Most peroxisomal membrane proteins do not have PTS1 or PTS2, and insertion requires several peroxins distinct from those required for import of soluble matrix proteins. (tcdb.org)
Members of the Rho family of small G proteins transduce signals from plasma-membrane receptors and control cell adhesion, motility and shape by actin cytoskeleton formation. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Protein modules such as FVYE domains and PH domains that bind specifically to PtdIns 3-phosphate (PtdIns-3-P) and polyphosphoinositides, respectively, can direct such membrane targeting. (embl.de)
In addition, the double mutant (Y42A/L48Q) of the PX domain of Vam7p, reported to cause vacuolar trafficking defects in yeast, has a dramatically decreased level of binding to PtdIns-3-P. These data reveal that the membrane targeting function of the Vam7p PX domain is based on its ability to associate with PtdIns-3-P, analogous to the function of FYVE domains. (embl.de)

In this review we will highlight mechanisms that control targeting of PSD-95 at the synapse, and discuss how this molecule influences the retention and clustering of diverse synaptic proteins to regulate synaptic structure and strength. (frontiersin.org)

Mutational analysis revealed that only the C1 and DH domains are essential for Vav3 GEF activity with the C1 region being involved in binding with the GTPase substrate. (cytoskeleton.com)
C-terminal PTS1 [(SAC)-(KRH)-(LM)] and N-terminal PTS2 [(RK)-(LIV)-X 5 -(HQ)-(LA)] targeting sequences are recognized by Pex5p and Pex7p, respectively, which may shuttle with the substrate protein to the peroxisomal lumen. (tcdb.org)
In addition, ST5 enhanced activation of Src and Syk, a Src substrate, in response to RANKL. (molcells.org)

Although dozens of proteins act downstream of these GTPases, a comparison of effector proteins from evolutionarily diverse organisms suggests that six groups of proteins serve as the core machinery for signaling from Cdc42 and Rac. (biomedcentral.com)
In an effort to understand the fundamental signaling elements, or 'core machinery', required for the function of these GTPases, we describe here the conservation and functional similarities of Cdc42 and Rac effectors in five different species: plant, yeast, fruit fly, roundworm and human. (biomedcentral.com)
Rho GTPases are small (20-30 kDa) GTP-binding proteins of the Ras superfamily. (biomedcentral.com)
GTPase activator proteins towards Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like small GTPases. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Like all other GTPases, Rho proteins act as molecular switches, with an active GTP-bound form and an inactive GDP-bound form. (embl-heidelberg.de)

In addition to these domains, LNK possesses a proline-rich region that contains a minimal consensus sequence of Pro-X-X-Pro, which is recognized by the SH3 domain of another protein, as well as putative tyrosine phosphorylation motifs. (wikipedia.org)
however, due to the lack of full protein structural information, the mechanistic insight of p47phox phosphorylation in NADPH oxidase activation remains incomplete. (reading.ac.uk)
Using a combination of in silico phosphorylation, molecular dynamics simulation and protein/protein docking, we discovered that the C-terminal tail of p47phox is critical for stabilizing its autoinhibited structure. (reading.ac.uk)
Ser-379 phosphorylation disrupts H-bonds that link the C-terminal tail to the autoinhibitory region (AIR) and the tandem Src homology 3 (SH3) domains, allowing the AIR to undergo phosphorylation to expose the SH3 pocket for p22phox binding. (reading.ac.uk)
It had been soon found that many PTB domains bind to tyrosine residues irrespective of their phosphorylation position. (researchensemble.com)
Together with research on PTB domains of tensin1 and tensin2 it really is believed the fact that relationship of integrin β tails with PTB domains of cten and various other tensins is indie of tyrosine phosphorylation (Chen and Lo 2003 Calderwood Temocapril et al. (researchensemble.com)
non-etheless there are many exceptions like the SH2 domains of SLAM-associated proteins (aka SAP SH2D1A) and cten where the binding needs Temocapril the tyrosine but irrespective of its phosphorylation position. (researchensemble.com)
SH2 domains of cten and various other tensins bind towards the SIY442DNV site on DLC1 (Deleted in Liver organ Cancer tumor 1) and phosphorylation from the tyrosine is not needed (Liao et al. (researchensemble.com)
pp60c-src variants containing lesions that affect phosphorylation at tyrosines 416 and 527. (wikidata.org)

AND-34/BCAR3 (Breast Cancer Anti-Estrogen Resistance 3) associates with the focal adhesion adaptor protein, p130CAS/BCAR1. (molvis.org)
Human genome-wide association studies have linked SH2B adaptor protein 3 (SH2B3, LNK) to hypertension and renal disease, although little experimental investigation has been performed to verify a role for SH2B3 in these pathologies. (mcw.edu)

The power of the thiol proteinases to cleave a multitude of substrates in response to calcium mineral activation allows their involvement in a variety of cell processes offering cell motility, sign transduction, apoptosis, cell differentiation and legislation of the cytoskeleton (3). (exposed-skin-care.net)
and proteins that interact with members of the Arp2/3 complex and hence the actin cytoskeleton (Table 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)

This protein belongs to the Src homology 2-B (SH2B) adapter family. (wikipedia.org)

A large pore is formed by transmembrane proteins. (tcdb.org)

Recent genetic data on schizophrenia (SCZ) have suggested that proteins of the postsynaptic density of excitatory synapses have a role in its etiology. (nature.com)
Although inhibitory postsynaptic sites lack PSDs, they also consist of complex protein matrices. (frontiersin.org)
Postsynaptic density (PSD) proteins in excitatory synapses are relatively immobile components, while there is a structured organization of mobile scaffolding proteins lying beneath the PSDs. (frontiersin.org)

It has been recently reported that motor proteins like myosin Va play important role in transcytosis of nNOS. (frontiersin.org)
Evidence has suggested the role of motor proteins like myosin Va in transposition of nNOS within the nerve terminals to the membranes to facilitate nitrergic neurotransmission ( 11 , 12 ). (frontiersin.org)

The inhibitory Ly-49 receptors, Ly-49A, C, G, and I, inhibit NK cell function upon binding of class I ligands on target cells ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). (aai.org)

CagA can specifically bind to the SH2 domain of Src homology 2 (SH2)-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2), which induces spatial configuration change of SHP-2 and activates it [ 40 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The dimerization domain spans approximately 70 amino acid residues and contains a central phenylalanine zipper motif, which is formed by stacking of the aromatic side chains from 10 phenylalanine residues. (wikipedia.org)
The potential of two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy for measuring conformational heterogeneity and dynamics with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution has motivated extensive effort to develop amino acids with functional groups that have frequency-resolved absorptions to serve as probes of their protein microenvironments. (rsc.org)
The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of cagA 3′ variable region and the amino acid polymorphisms in the EPIYA segments of the CagA C-terminal region of H. pylori , and their association with gastroduodenal diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Based on the amino acid sequence homology and biological activity in macrophages, Shimamoto et al ( 15 ) identified that HLP was identical to MSP ( 15 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Many, but not all, of these effectors contain a conserved 18 amino-acid binding motif that has been termed CRIB (Cdc42-Rac interactive binding), PBD (p21-binding domain) or GBD (GTPase-binding domain) [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The effect of miR-126 expression on target proteins was assessed using miR-126 mimics or miR-126 inhibitors in ESCC cell lines. (spandidos-publications.com)

Molecular dynamics simulations performed for all the labeled proteins provide insight into the underlying heterogeneity and dynamics. (rsc.org)

Chronic T-cell exhaustion is marked by the progressive upregulation of coinhibitory receptors, PD-1 being one of the most prominent, but also other coregulated receptors such as LAG-3 ( 4, 5 ). (aacrjournals.org)
The protein has been shown to interact with retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors, inhibiting their ligand-dependent transcriptional activation. (cancerindex.org)

Analogous studies in a murine syngeneic tumor model using surrogate antibodies demonstrated significant synergy between LAG-3 and PD-1 blockade-combination treatment led to a marked improvement in therapeutic efficacy, increased T-cell proliferation, IFNγ production, and elicited durable immunologic memory upon tumor rechallenge. (aacrjournals.org)
miR-126 mimics downregulated the expression of IRS-1 and GOLPH3 protein and suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cells, whereas miR-126 inhibitors led to the opposite results. (spandidos-publications.com)
On the contrary, knockdown of Sprouty proteins increases proliferation of activated astrocytes and, consequently, reduces secondary brain damage in neuronal lesion models such as kainic acid-induced epilepsy or endothelin-induced ischemia. (springer.com)

30 Mutations of all three SHANK family members, SHANK1-3, have already been associated to neurodevelopmental disorders like autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) or intellectual disability (ID). (nature.com)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
addressed this question by studying yeast cells with genetic mutations affecting one or more of these proteins. (elifesciences.org)
The histograms below the weblogo indicate mutations found on the domain. (umbc.edu)
Mutations identified in many SH2 domain-containing proteins as well as the SH2 domain itself are associated with human diseases ranging from cancers, diabetes, to immunodeficiencies. (eu.org)

For example, a region of WASP known as the proline-rich domain can bind to proteins that contain an "SH3" domain. (elifesciences.org)
A nonsense mutation in a corresponding region of KRT5 has been found in Dowling-Degos disease and a missense mutation in the V1 domain of KRT5 has been described in patients with epidermolysis bullosa with mottled pigmentation. (medscape.com)
The resulting mutation was a 6-bp, in-frame deletion within a highly conserved region of the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of SH2B3. (mcw.edu)
There is a highly polymorphic Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) repeat region in the C-terminal of CagA protein. (biomedcentral.com)
The genomic DNA from each strain was extracted and the cagA 3′ variable region was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). (biomedcentral.com)
c-Src tyrosine kinase consists of the N-terminal unique region, the Src homology 3 (SH3), SH2, linker, kinase domain, and the regulatory C-terminal tail. (intechopen.com)
This domain is also known as the breakpoint cluster region-homology (BH) domain. (embl-heidelberg.de)

To achieve this, WASP interacts with several other proteins including WIP and myosin, a motor protein that moves along actin filaments to generate mechanical forces. (elifesciences.org)
In vitro, the FH2 domain competes with barbed-end capping proteins and is necessary and sufficient to nucleate actin polymerization, but the FH1 domain, which interacts with profilin-actin, funnels actin to the nucleation vicinity and confers full activity to the molecule [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

An increase in the level of active, GTP-bound Ras is not necessary for transformation of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) by v-Src. (embl.de)

Based on crystal structures of three functional domains, we generated a computational structural model of the full p47phox protein. (reading.ac.uk)
Activation of the oncogenic potential of the avian cellular src protein by specific structural alteration of the carboxy terminus. (wikidata.org)
nevertheless, recent studies have got exposed a fresh potential function for CAPN3 being a structural proteins (23,24). (exposed-skin-care.net)
The C-terminal half of the SH2 domain exhibits greater structural variability and provides a platform for accommodating different kinds of SH2-binding motifs. (eu.org)
Structural determinants required for the interaction between Rho GTPase and the GTPase-activating domain of p190. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Four out of fifteen non-synonymous variants identified in the SCZ cohort (S610Y, R958S, P1119T and A1731S) were selected for functional analysis. (nature.com)
All four variants revealed functional impairment to various degrees, as a consequence of alterations in spine volume and clustering at synapses and an overall loss of presynaptic contacts. (nature.com)
Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified multiple genetic variants associated with cervical cancer, the functional role of those variants is not well understood. (jcancer.org)

His laboratory has followed two primary interests: 1) the transcription factor networks that regulate fate determination in various cells that make blood, and 2) the cell surface proteins expressed by hematopoietic stem cells that and allow them to communicate with their microenvironment. (ubc.ca)
These transcription factors are composed of an alpha subunit (HIF-1α, HIF-2α and HIF-3α), and a beta subunit (HIF-1β) [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Western blot analysis and in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of AND-34 RNA and protein in lens epithelial cells, particularly at the lens equator. (molvis.org)
CagA protein can be transported into the gastric epithelial cells by type IV secretion system (T4SS) encoded by the cag PAI. (biomedcentral.com)
HGF was cloned as a growth factor for hepatocytes ( 1 , 2 ), is identical to scatter factor (SF) and was originally discovered as a fibroblast-derived cell motility factor for epithelial cells ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

In yeast, a member of the WASP family of proteins promotes the assembly of actin filaments around the site where endocytosis will occur. (elifesciences.org)
In this regard, his lab has identified a novel family of hematopoietic cell surface proteins, called the CD34 family, and shown that these are essential for a number of developmentally important processes. (ubc.ca)
Launch Calpain 3 (CAPN3) belongs to a Rabbit polyclonal to CDH1 family group of Ca2+- turned on natural cysteine proteinases which have been discovered in a multitude of microorganisms as disparate as human beings and worms (1,2). (exposed-skin-care.net)
Several different binding motifs are known, for example: pYEEI (Src-family SH2 domains), pY [IV]. (eu.org)
The human NCK1 (Nckα) and NCK2 (Nckβ/GRB4) SH2 domains show a degree of partner specificity but share the same mode of ligand binding ( Frese,2006 ) and belong to the class IA family which contains an aromatic residue (Phe) at the specificity-determining βD5 position ( Kaneko,2010 ). (eu.org)
HGF forms a family with HGF-like protein (HLP), a unique protein with a domain structure similar to that of HGF ( 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Residues conserved across the rhoGAP family are largely confined to one face of this bundle, which may be an interaction site for target G proteins. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Actin is one of the most abundant proteins in yeast, mammalian and other eukaryotic cells. (elifesciences.org)
These proteins are needed for many other processes in yeast and other cells, including mammalian cells. (elifesciences.org)
In mammalian cells, as many as twenty types of protein have been reported to bind to activated Cdc42 [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Despite the detailed in vitro characterization of the enzymatic properties of yeast Sac1p, the exact cellular function of this protein has remained obscure. (embl.de)

There he worked with Dr. Max D. Cooper (Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Academy of Sciences) and his research focused on cell surface proteins expressed by preB cells that regulate B cell maturation and homing. (ubc.ca)
For physiological or pathological understanding of bone disease caused by abnormal behavior of osteoclasts (OCs), functional studies of molecules that regulate the generation and action of OCs are required. (molcells.org)

Vav3, isoform 2) consisting of the three carboxyl terminal domains (SH3, SH2, SH3) differentially expressed in a variety of normal tissues. (cytoskeleton.com)

The approach revealed a wide range of microenvironments and distinct responses to ligand binding, including at the three adjacent, conserved aromatic residues that form the recognition surface of the protein. (rsc.org)
PTKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to tyrosine (tyr) residues in protein substrates. (umbc.edu)
To investigate the conformational change of c-Src tyrosine kinase, we applied network analysis to time series of correlation among residues. (intechopen.com)
With centrality measures such as betweenness centrality, degree centrality, and closeness centrality, we observed a few important residues that significantly contribute to the conformational change of c-Src tyrosine kinase for the different time steps. (intechopen.com)
Different families of SH2 domains may have different binding specificity, which is usually determined by a few residues C-terminal with respect to the pY (positions +1 to +4). (eu.org)
Inspection of known binders reveals that weak residues are tolerated at pY+3 when pY+1 is strong and vice-versa, but are not tolerated at both positions. (eu.org)
Positively charged residues are disfavoured at pY-1 and pY-2 due to the positively charged SH2 domain surface, but are tolerated when pY+1 and pY+3 are strong residues. (eu.org)

This may involve significant role of "shank," named for SRC-homology (SH3) and multiple ankyrin repeat domains, in nitric oxide synthesis. (frontiersin.org)

Afterward, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) relationships were obtained from the STRING database and a PPI network was constructed using Cytoscape. (sagepub.com)
Furthermore, we screened 597 secreted proteins from the T. horrida genome, some of which induced expression in host-pathogen interaction processes. (biomedcentral.com)
The interaction between SH2 domains and their substrates is however dependent also on cooperative contacts of other surface regions. (eu.org)
The Src Homology 2 (SH2) domain is a major protein interaction module that is central to tyrosine kinase signaling. (eu.org)

The analysis of Cdc42 and Rac function in evolutionarily distant organisms is useful as a tool to uncover the basic activities of these proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
By regulating filamentous actin, Cdc42 and Rac exert a profound effect on cell shape, polarity, migration, cell:cell and cell:matrix adhesion, protein traffic, and cytokinesis. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy19

Organisms12

Chemicals and Drugs117

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Phenomena and Processes69

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science9

Genes18

Signal transduction3

Kinases9

Receptor15

Binds5

Pathways10

Interactions14

Cytoplasmic2

Pleckstrin homology2

Gene11

Phosphotyrosine4

Multidomain scaffold1

Intracellular2

Subfamily2

Membrane15

Synaptic proteins1

Substrate3

GTPases5

Phosphorylation9

Adaptor protein2

Cytoskeleton2

Adapter1

Transmembrane1

Postsynaptic3

Motor proteins2

Ligands1

Phosphatase1

Amino5

Target proteins1

Molecular1

Receptors2

Proliferation3

Mutations5

Region7

Interacts2

Chicken embryo fibroblasts1

Structural5

Variants3

Transcription2

Epithelial cells3

Family7

Mammalian3

Yeast1

Regulate2

Carboxyl1

Residues7

SHANK1

Interaction4

Cdc422