Dolly cloning mammals clone humans for reproductive. Medical search. Frequent questions

In 1996, Dolly the sheep achieved notoriety for being the first mammal cloned from a somatic cell. (wikipedia.org)
Wilmut, along with Keith Campbell from the animal sciences research institute in Scotland, generated news headlines and heated ethical debates in 1996 when they created Dolly, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. (cyprus-mail.com)
It was these efforts which led to the births of Megan and Morag in 1995 and Dolly in 1996," the university said in a statement. (cyprus-mail.com)
Dolly the Sheep, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult derived somatic cell, was born in 1996. (nottingham.ac.uk)
His research blossomed after he came to Roslin Institute where in a series of papers he put the intellectual framework into the method of mammalian cloning that ultimately led to the birth of Dolly in 1996. (nottingham.ac.uk)
She was born on 5 July 1996 and died from a progressive lung disease five months before her seventh birthday (the disease was not considered related to her being a clone) on 14 February 2003. (pooginook.com)
But it was the successful cloning of Dolly the Sheep in 1996 that made waves around the world for she was the first mammal to be created using the procedure. (nyln.org)
The cloning of 'Dolly The Sheep' in 1996 by the Rosalind Institute in Scotland, UK, is the most recognised example of reproductive cloning. (geminigenetics.com)
Although many species produce clonal offspring in this fashion, Dolly, the lamb born in 1996 at a research institute in Scotland, was the first asexually produced mammalian clone. (who.int)
Campbell and his team also cloned a sheep from adult cells in 1996, which they named Dolly. (asu.edu)
is a British developmental biologist who was the first to use nuclear transfer of differentiated adult cells to generate a mammalian clone, a Finn Dorset sheep named Dolly, born in 1996. (mathisfunforum.com)
It became a hot topic in 1996 when Dolly the sheep was cloned via a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer. (archstl.org)

Natural cloning is the production of clones without the involvement of genetic engineering techniques. (wikipedia.org)
The main difference between the two is that natural cloning does not involve any human intervention, whereas artificial cloning is a genetic engineering technique. (wikipedia.org)
A third view says that cloning will provide for the possibility of improvement by giving birth to children who are free of birth defects, because when any two people create a child through sex there is the possibility for genetic defects. (bartleby.com)
However, since clones are the exact replicas of someone already alive, their genetic dispositions will have already surfaced. (bartleby.com)
Dolly's creation triggered fears of human reproductive cloning, or producing genetic copies of living or dead people, but mainstream scientists have ruled this out as far too dangerous. (cyprus-mail.com)
There he continued his research on the cloning and genetic modification of livestock. (nottingham.ac.uk)
But with cloning, parents can get the exact same child by having genetic material from the first cloned. (nyln.org)
This form of genetic engineering would deny the children it produces an open future, burdening them with the expectation that they will be like the individuals from whom they were cloned. (thenewatlantis.com)
And cloning could make possible still more dramatic forms of genetic engineering. (thenewatlantis.com)
A clone is a copy of a substance that shares the same genetic make-up as the original. (geminigenetics.com)
After being free from human interference and the addition of new cattle for over 1000 years, this UK Native breed are considered so genetically similar that they are in fact, genetic clones of each other. (geminigenetics.com)
The process of reproductive cloning involves the nucleus of a somatic (body) cell from a donor organism to be cloned being transferred into an egg cell whose nucleus (genetic material) has been removed. (geminigenetics.com)
The surrogate mum carries the cloned pet for the gestation period and once ready, gives birth to the clone who will be an identical genetic twin to the original pet whose skin sample was used to make the nucleus of the donor egg cell. (geminigenetics.com)
And while it may seem that the choice inherent to cloning can circumvent these potential genetic disadvantages, scientists have found that it is not necessary. (scienews.com)
Mammal cloning-which involves a similar genetic modification of eggs-can lead to terrible developmental problems during gestation and born clones often have significant health concerns. (catholiclane.com)
A clone is simply a group of individuals containing exactly the same genetic material. (biotopics.co.uk)
Most natural cloning occurs in those species that produce their descendants asexually, that is, without combining the male and female genetic material. (who.int)
However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)
For example many clones die early or they are born with genetic deformities, and develop terminal illnesses such as cancer. (irfi.org)
After complete development as well as the birth, it is obvious why these animals have a similar genetic make-up from the subscriber and new clone. (mabuty.com)
From agriculture to medicine to law, animal cloning to create genetic twins could change our lives. (snexplores.org)
Clones, like identical twins, are exact genetic copies of each other. (snexplores.org)
But in order to become a part of medical history, parahuman reproduction and human genetic engineering must circumvent the recalcitrance of an antiquated culture. (lifeissues.net)
But what is not getting such wide reporting is the use of pluripotent stem cells (as well as many other types of cells and genetic engineering techniques) for reproductive purposes . (lifeissues.net)

However, following the successful derivation of human embryonic stem cells in 1998, the debate over human cloning largely shifted to the question of whether it is acceptable for scientists to create human embryos only to destroy them. (thenewatlantis.com)
Therapeutic cloning refers to the production of embryonic stem cells for medicinal reasons, for example regenerative medicine and tissue replacement. (geminigenetics.com)
Scientists want to make cloned human embryos to get embryonic stem cells, which live inside early embryos and have the potential to cure a wide array of diseases. (irfi.org)
That's why Father Pacholczyk, director of education at the National Catholic Bioethics Center in Philadelphia, said that the efforts to help people understand the immorality of embryo reserch, including human cloning, must focus on humanizing the issue and appreciating our own embryonic origins, not just on the desired results of embryonic or other types of stem-cell research. (archstl.org)
A decade later, cloning came to the forefront in Missouri with the narrow passage of Amendment 2, a ballot initiative in 2006 that constitutionally protects embryonic stem-cell research and human cloning. (archstl.org)
Embryo-like models with spatially organized morphogenesis and structure of all defining embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues of the post-implantation human conceptus (that is, the embryonic disc, the bilaminar disc, the yolk sac, the chorionic sac and the surrounding trophoblast layer) remain lacking 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
Here we extend those findings to humans using only genetically unmodified human naive embryonic stem cells (cultured in human enhanced naive stem cell medium conditions) 4 . (nature.com)
Such human fully integrated and complete SEMs recapitulate the organization of nearly all known lineages and compartments of post-implantation human embryos, including the epiblast, the hypoblast, the extra-embryonic mesoderm and the trophoblast layer surrounding the latter compartments. (nature.com)

Cloning is the process of producing individual organisms with identical genomes, either by natural or artificial means. (wikipedia.org)
In the field of biotechnology, cloning is the process of creating cloned organisms of cells and of DNA fragments. (wikipedia.org)
The artificial cloning of organisms, sometimes known as reproductive cloning, is often accomplished via somatic-cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), a cloning method in which a viable embryo is created from a somatic cell and an egg cell. (wikipedia.org)
Natural cloning occurs through a variety of natural mechanisms, from single-celled organisms to complex multicellular organisms. (wikipedia.org)
In biology , cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria , insects or plants reproduce asexually . (wikiquote.org)
Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)
Sir John Bertrand Gurdon further developed nuclear transplantation, the technique used to clone organisms and to create stem cells, while working in Britain in the second half of the twentieth century. (asu.edu)
Using these three types of cloning, biological species including cells, organisms, and genetics have all recently been successfully cloned. (mabuty.com)

Although the simple use of the word 'clone' may have negative connotations, many people have resigned themselves to the idea of cloning cows that produce more milk or using a cloned mouse for use in controlled experimentation. (bartleby.com)
Ever since, a number of mammals have been cloned - cows, pigs, cats and rhesus monkeys. (nyln.org)
Cloning cows in recent years has provided scientists with an understanding of why they did not get everything: starting with problems during implantation and ending with the aforementioned mutations, which lead to the death of offspring. (scienews.com)

They were optimistic based on the research carried out into human genetics. (irfi.org)
The findings are published in the journal Human Molecular Genetics, but have been criticized in Britain. (irfi.org)
These different kinds are: recombinant DNA technology which includes GENETICS cloning or gene cloning, therapeutic cloning, and reproductive system cloning. (mabuty.com)
After that process, the recombinant GENETICS and the remaining plasmid will probably be replicated, allowing the gene to clone. (mabuty.com)

On April 11, 2003, Washington Post Staff Writer, Rick Weiss, reported 'New research suggests that it may be a lot harder to clone people than to clone other animals, an unexpected scientific twist that could influence the escalating congressional debate over human cloning and embryo research. (irfi.org)
But opponents of human embryo research were afraid that the new research not only identifies previously unrecognized hurdles to human cloning, but also points the way to overcoming those hurdles. (irfi.org)
increased public sensitivity and awareness together with the development of national regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general. (lifeissues.net)
An in-depth analysis aiming at re-defining this terminology according to the new developments in human embryo research would be highly beneficial . (lifeissues.net)
3. National regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general adopted so far confirm the convergence of views of the refusal to adopt legislation or guidelines permitting reproductive cloning , while they still show variations on the legitimacy of human cloning carried out as part of research agendas. (lifeissues.net)

The Threat of Human Cloning concludes by calling for laws prohibiting both human cloning and the creation of embryos for research. (thenewatlantis.com)
Some prohibit only cloning for reproductive purposes and allow the creation of cloned human embryos for research, whereas others prohibit the creation of cloned embryos for any purpose. (who.int)

He then moved to PPLTherapeutics, the company that was spun out from Roslin Institute, where that procedure and his expertise led to the birth of cloned and genetically modified sheep, pigs and cattle. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Mice Used as Sperm Factories for Pigs, Goats - Hillary Mayell, for National Geographic News August 14, 2002″For the first time scientists have been able to produce viable sperm from the tissue of sexually immature mammals-and at the same time produce sperm of one species in the body of another species. (exposingsatanism.org)

When the world learned in 1997 of Dolly the sheep, the first clone produced from an adult mammal, a broad public discussion about the ethics of human cloning ensued, largely focused on the nature, meaning, and future of human procreation. (thenewatlantis.com)

Although the latest scientific work related to cloning has been focused on potential medical applications, much of that research is relevant to the creation of cloned children. (thenewatlantis.com)

Particularly valuable animals could be cloned from adult cells without the uncertainties of crossing them with other animals or tinkering with embryos. (newscientist.com)
His pioneering studies into cell-cycle control and cellular differentiation led to the programme of work at Roslin that gave birth to the first mammal to be cloned from adult cells - ie. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Researchers at the University of Hawaii announce that mice have been successfully cloned from adult cells. (hoaxes.org)

Under the AHR Act, it is illegal to knowingly create a human clone, regardless of the purpose, including therapeutic and reproductive cloning. (pooginook.com)

In SCNT they take the nucleolus out of an egg cell, replace it with the nucleolus of a somatic cell (body cell with two complete sets of chromosomes), and make the egg cell divide into a blastocyst ("What Is Cloning? (bartleby.com)
A blastocyst (cloned or not), because it lacks any trace of a nervous system, has no capacity for suffering or conscious experience in any form - the special properties that, in our view, spell the difference between biological tissue and a human life worthy of respect and rights. (wikiquote.org)
Therapeutic cloning involves the creation of an early-stage embryo (blastocyst) and the removal of stem cells from the developing embryo. (geminigenetics.com)
In this regard, emerging technologies of chimeric human organ production via blastocyst complementation (BC) holds great promise. (frontiersin.org)

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a type of cloning that has to be done in a lab. (bartleby.com)
Dolly, named after country singer Dolly Parton, was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell, using a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (cyprus-mail.com)
Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)
Dolly was the first mammal cloned from specialized adult (somatic) cells with the technique of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (asu.edu)
Indeed, if passed, Hatch/Feinstein/Kerry would explicitly legalize doing in humans the very cloning procedure -- somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) -- that was used to make Dolly the sheep . (lifeissues.net)

It's a rather fatuous use of the technology," said Dr Harry Griffin, director of the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, which produced Dolly. (pooginook.com)
Such is the enormity of the findings of the Roslin Institute, where not only was Dolly the sheep created, but her predecessors Tracy, Megan and Morag. (wikiquote.org)
It seems that a little knowledge is a dangerous thing, and the authors have allowed themselves to over-interpretate their interesting results,' said Professor Ian Wilmut of the Roslin Institute, in Edinburgh, leader of the team, which cloned Dolly the sheep. (irfi.org)

It was reported that 29 embryos were successfully created, and subsequently implanted into 13 surrogate mothers, but Dolly was the only pregnancy that went to full term. (pooginook.com)
In 1998, scientists in South Korea claimed to have successfully cloned a human embryo, but said the experiment was interrupted very early when the clone was just a group of four cells. (pooginook.com)
A decade later, an Asian carp was successfully cloned. (nyln.org)
Even an extinct animal, the Pyrenean ibex, was successfully cloned in 2009. (nyln.org)
But cloning research continued, and American scientists announced in 2013 that they had for the first time successfully obtained stem cells from cloned human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)

What caused Dolly the sheep to be euthanized? (pooginook.com)

On Dec. 27, 2002, Brigitte Boisselier held a press conference in Florida, announcing the birth of the first human clone, called Eve. (pooginook.com)
December 27, 2002: First Human Clone Born? (hoaxes.org)
November 27, 2002: Imminent Birth of Human Clone? (hoaxes.org)
In 2002 I published The Blank Slate , which explored the political, moral, and emotional colorings of the concept of human nature. (cosmoetica.com)

It would involve introducing Neanderthal DNA into a human stem cell, before finding a human surrogate mother to carry the Neanderthal-esque embryo. (pooginook.com)

Gene cloning refers to the identification and duplication of a single gene or a DNA segment, for the intention of investigating its function or creating a particular protein. (geminigenetics.com)
DNA Cloning and Gene Cloning (Recombinant DNA Technology) exclusively copies genes or DNA segments to execute the cloning. (mabuty.com)
Gene cloning begins with all the insertion of a gene. (mabuty.com)

Last year they used the same reproductive technology to create the world's first cloned lambs (Nature, vol 380, p 64). (newscientist.com)
Even the world's most famous sheep clone, Dolly, who died recently suffered from problems linked to this gene. (irfi.org)

Beyond this scientific interest, the commercial concern in animal cloning focuses on replicating large numbers of genetically identical animals, especially those derived from a progenitor that has been modified genetically. (who.int)

Cloning has been proposed as a means of reviving extinct species. (wikipedia.org)
depictions commonly involve themes related to identity, the recreation of historical figures or extinct species, or cloning for exploitation (i.e. cloning soldiers for warfare). (wikipedia.org)
Professor Campbell was instrumental in the creation of Dolly the Sheep, the first cloned mammal, a breakthrough which paved the way for the successful cloning of many other mammal species. (nottingham.ac.uk)
While the practice has been successful on certain mammals, it is still a hotly debated topic in terms of the human species. (nyln.org)
Given that we have an efficiency of 1% cloning for livestock species and if only one in a thousand cells are viable then around 100,000 cells would need to be transferred. (wikiquote.org)
I think no one understood how difficult it would be to clone some species and easy - to others. (scienews.com)
Scientists who study cloning envision a limitless supply of disease-resistant livestock, record-setting racehorses, and animals of species that would otherwise have gone extinct. (snexplores.org)
From greenhouse gas emissions and ozone depletion to deforestation , plastic pile-up and the illegal animal trade, humans have actively stripped the world of some species and threatened many more. (livescience.com)
Fossil records don't just tell us what creatures existed before us, but also how long a species can naturally survive before becoming extinct without human interference. (livescience.com)
Currently, because of human activity, the actual background rate is tens of thousands of times higher, meaning species are becoming extinct much faster than they should be. (livescience.com)
Studies have found that some species lost from Earth would have continued to survive for 800 to 10,000 years without the interference of human activities, according to a study published in the journal Science Advances . (livescience.com)
It is quite possible that the advances in human biology in the remainder of the twentieth century will be remembered as the most significant scientific achievement of the animal species known as Homo sapiens . (lifeissues.net)

After years of experiments …cloning hit the big time in February 1997. (exposingsatanism.org)
General Assembly the following year,3 and the World Medical Association's Resolution on Cloning, endorsed in 1997, have confronted the issue but lack binding legal force. (who.int)

Imagine a world in which human beings can be replicated using cloning. (visit-now.net)
The New Atlantis is building a culture in which science and technology work for, not on, human beings. (thenewatlantis.com)
Claims that you could clone individual treatments of human beings to treat common diseases like diabetes, suggests you need a huge supply of human eggs. (wikiquote.org)
Elaboration of an international convention against reproductive cloning of human beings has been under consideration in the United Nations since December 2001 when the subject was included in the agenda of the fifty- sixth session as a supplementary agenda item at the request of France and Germany. (who.int)
human beings have developed innovative technologies to treat and cure disease, to enhance human living conditions, and to protect or improve the environment. (jcpa.org)
Can Human beings be Cloned? (irfi.org)

As mentioned earlier, scientists were able to clone an extinct animal, the Pyrenean ibex. (nyln.org)
That month, scientists reported the first successful attempt to reproduce a large, adult mammal through cloning. (exposingsatanism.org)
Although Dolly the sheep is the most famous animal ever cloned with the help of science, it is obviously not the only one in its kind: scientists have cloned mice, cats and several types of livestock in addition to sheep. (scienews.com)
Harris Lewin, Professor, Department of evolution and ecology, University of California at Davis, and its scientists published work on the implications of cloning for gene expression in the journal proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in 2016. (scienews.com)
Scientists call this process "therapeutic" cloning, that is cloning for medical and therapeutic purposes, and distinguish it from traditional cloning, which has reproductive implications. (scienews.com)
In 2014, scientists created human stem cells by the same technique of cloning, which created Dolly the sheep. (scienews.com)
In the middle of the year 2001 a group of scientists said cloning humans might be easier than cloning animals. (irfi.org)
Many scientists were dismayed and scientists involved in animal cloning warned of the many practical problems in cloning. (irfi.org)
The new work by scientists in Pittsburgh provides an explanation for why hundreds of attempts to clone monkeys have all failed despite successes in several other mammals. (irfi.org)
The scientists said they suspect that similar roadblocks exist for all primates -- the evolutionary grouping that includes monkeys and humans. (irfi.org)
In the light of this information, Congress could settle for less stringent restrictions on embryo cloning studies, which scientists favor. (irfi.org)
The newly discovered obstacle makes it more likely than ever that rogue scientists' recent claims to have created cloned babies were fraud. (irfi.org)
What would happen if scientists ever figure out how to clone people? (snexplores.org)

Can Dolly the sheep reproduce? (pooginook.com)
Most bacteria reproduce asexually and so produce offspring which are a clone. (biotopics.co.uk)
To understand how cloning works, it helps to know how animals normally reproduce. (snexplores.org)

If artificial cloning and natural cloning both lead to the same result, which is the formation of a clone, that is, an organism with identical or nearly identical genes to another organism, then the plight of This creation is very different between the two creatures. (wikipedia.org)
Cloning is commonly used to amplify DNA fragments containing whole genes, but it can also be used to amplify any DNA sequence such as promoters, non-coding sequences and randomly fragmented DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Numerous biological components, including genes, cells, tissues, and even complete creatures like sheep, have been cloned by researchers, and now cat, dog and equine cloning is widely and reliably available via international companies such as our partner, ViaGen Pets & Equine. (geminigenetics.com)
King showed that mutated BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes cause two types of reproductive cancer, breast and ovarian cancer. (asu.edu)
But in many animals other than humans, one of these genes is turned off. (irfi.org)
You are taking out all the randomness," says reproductive physiologist Mark Westhusin, "by selecting a specific combination of genes to get what you want. (snexplores.org)

Other policy options, such as supposed compromises that would prohibit "reproductive cloning" but permit "therapeutic cloning" by prohibiting not the act of creating a cloned embryo but the act of transferring a cloned embryo to a woman's uterus, would inherently mandate the wide-scale destruction of human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
It's given name is the "Human Cloning Ban and Stem Cell Research Protection Act of 2003," the stated purpose of which, supposedly, is to "prohibit human cloning and to protect important areas of medical research, including stem cell research. (lifeissues.net)

What happens in reproductive cloning is that a duplicate copy of another organism is made. (nyln.org)
This is the most known form of cloning and involves creating a genetically identical replica of a whole organism. (geminigenetics.com)
Stem cell research is, in part, a quest to understand cellular differentiation, the process by which a human being develops from one fertilized cell into a multicellular organism composed of over 200 different cell types - for example muscle, nerve, blood cell, or kidney. (jcpa.org)
The National Institutes of Health defines a human embryo as "the developing organism from the time of fertilization until the end of the eighth week of gestation. (archstl.org)

This means that creating three-parent children will require acting despite our ignorance of potential health outcomes-amounting to blatantly unethical human experimentation. (catholiclane.com)
The principles of cloning have been applied to some more fundamental experimentation in plants and animals. (biotopics.co.uk)
Animal testing , also known as animal experimentation , animal research , and in vivo testing , is the use of non-human animals in experiments (although some research about animals involves only natural behaviors or pure observation, such as a mouse running a maze or field studies of chimp troops ). (wmflabs.org)

Comment: Indeed, if passed, "total cloning bans" H.R. 534, H.R. 234, H.R. 916, and S. 245 would not ban anything either - not even the SCNT cloning technique that was used to make Dolly the sheep. (lifeissues.net)

British scientist Ian Wilmut, whose research was central to the creation of the cloned animal, Dolly the Sheep, has died at the age of 79, the University of Edinburgh said on Monday. (cyprus-mail.com)
Professor Sir Ian Wilmut, who worked with Professor Campbell on the creation of Dolly the Sheep, said: "Always cheerful and friendly, Keith will be greatly missed by all of his friends and colleagues. (nottingham.ac.uk)
20 Years Since 'Dolly' Dolly with Professor Sir Ian Wilmut, who led the research which produced her. (pooginook.com)

Cloning-to-produce-children could also be used to attempt to control the physical and even psychological traits of children, extending the eugenic logic of those who would use reproductive biotechnology to have the perfect child. (thenewatlantis.com)
Developments in biotechnology have raised new concerns about animal welfare, as farm animals now have their genomes modified (genetically engineered) or copied (cloned) to propagate certain traits useful to agribusiness, such as meat yield or feed conversion. (wikiquote.org)

In bioethics, there are a variety of ethical positions regarding the practice and possibilities of cloning. (wikipedia.org)
The Ethical Debate Concerning Cloning In the year that has elapsed since the announcement of Dolly's birth, there has been much discussion of the ethical implications of cloning humans. (bartleby.com)
Several authors have attempted to outline some of the ethical objections to cloning while at the same time minimizing the role religion plays in this debate. (bartleby.com)
As such, some nations have banned human cloning because of the ethical issues that might arise. (nyln.org)
The report offers an ethical and policy analysis, articulating what makes cloning morally repugnant and calling for the practice to be definitively prohibited in the United States. (thenewatlantis.com)
The ability to study human post-implantation development remains limited owing to ethical and technical challenges associated with intrauterine development after implantation 1 . (nature.com)

The subsequent discovery of promising alternative techniques for generating stem cells without creating or destroying embryos seemed to show that scientific progress would obviate the demand for cloning. (thenewatlantis.com)
Contrary to popular belief, stem cells are present in the human body throughout life and are found in many adult organs. (jcpa.org)

Not only would cloning-to-produce-children be a dangerous experimental procedure, one that cannot be consented to by its subjects (the children created by it), it is also a profound distortion of the moral meaning of human procreation. (thenewatlantis.com)
Last is usually Therapeutic cloning which procedure is very similar to reproductive, but with different desired goals and results. (mabuty.com)

The researchers also say finding that the gene works in a different way in humans from animals such as rats and mice has raised questions about large areas of medical research. (irfi.org)

30% of respondents say that the first human cloned by 2020. (scienews.com)

Asexual reproduction is a natural method used by certain plants, bacteria, and single-celled creatures to create genetically identical offspring, i.e. clones. (geminigenetics.com)
Originally the term clone was used to cover plant material simply derived from asexual reproduction or vegetative reproduction - tubers, plantlets, offsets etc. and cuttings, grafts etc. (biotopics.co.uk)
Amoeba reproduces solely by asexual reproduction to produce genetically identical offspring, and some animals alternate between sexual and asexual stages which result in clones being formed. (biotopics.co.uk)

Oregon researchers announced the birth of Tetra, a rhesus macaque cloned by a process known as embryo splitting. (hoaxes.org)

Dolly was the only lamb born from 277 fusions of oocytes with udder cells. (newscientist.com)
Another example of artificial cloning is molecular cloning, a technique in molecular biology in which a single living cell is used to clone a large population of cells that contain identical DNA molecules. (wikipedia.org)
This kind of cloning is today being performed at several scientific labs in the United States, despite the availability of alternative techniques that produce cells of nearly the same scientific and medical value but that require neither the creation nor destruction of human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)
We have already learned how to clone the cells of people. (scienews.com)
Surprisingly challenging the concept of cloning is a rather simple (in theory, at least) practice: you need to take two cells of the same animal - one of them is the egg from which you've removed the DNA. (scienews.com)
While in humans reproduction is the result of combining two cells (one from each parent, each with its own DNA), the method of cellular photocopies really takes place in nature. (scienews.com)
Cloning of human cells can be, in contrast, is much more applicable for people. (scienews.com)
It had been thought that in mammals (including Man), the situation was somewhat different and that it was very difficult to persuade nuclei from differentiated cells to divide again, when inserted into other cells. (biotopics.co.uk)
However, with the advent of techniques including nutritional and temperature conditioning of cells taken from the body of higher animals, it has proved possible to clone mammals, e.g. (biotopics.co.uk)
In the laboratory, cells have been taken from human embryos (normally obtained via an abortion) or from foetal blood cells in umbilical cord. (biotopics.co.uk)
In 1995, Campbell and his scientific team used cells grown and differentiated in a laboratory to clone sheep for the first time. (asu.edu)
Similarly, when the fertilized egg divides from two cells into four cells, each of these four cells has the potential to individually form a human fetus. (jcpa.org)
To take human organ generation via BC and transplantation to the next step, we reviewed current emerging organ generation technologies and the associated efficiency of chimera formation in human cells from the standpoint of developmental biology. (frontiersin.org)

The word "cloning" refers to a variety of procedures that may be used to create biological copies that are genetically identical to the original. (geminigenetics.com)
Molecular cloning refers to the production of multiple copies of a DNA fragment or gene. (geminigenetics.com)

For each clone, the Roslin researchers combine material from two sources. (newscientist.com)
As researchers continue to refine their techniques and clone even more animals, some people are worried. (snexplores.org)
Texas A&M researchers announced that they had cloned a cat from the cumulus cell of an adult female cat. (hoaxes.org)
Japanese researchers also announce the successful cloning of eight identical calves. (hoaxes.org)

Do cloned animals have the same personality? (pooginook.com)
Myth: Clones have exactly the same temperament and personality as the animals from which they were cloned. (pooginook.com)
What animals have been cloned since Dolly the sheep? (pooginook.com)
Concerns have been raised even in animals as doubters worry about the implications of using a cloned animal in the food supply. (nyln.org)
Just like other cloned animals, the ibex presented health problems like physical defects in its lungs. (nyln.org)
In addition to low success rates, cloned animals tend to have more compromised immune function and higher rates of infection, tumor growth, and other disorders. (wikiquote.org)
On e of the wardens protecting these animals in Chillingham Cattle Park, Denene Crossley, states how "being isolated, they've managed to essentially purify their gene pool, to the point where they're natural clones of each other. (geminigenetics.com)
Although science has come a long way in this direction in the last century, when it came to cloning, zoo animals, humans and primates, there was always an insuperable obstacle. (scienews.com)
The only certain way to study the safety of human three-parent IVF would be to conduct the kinds of experiments now only permitted in animals studies-e.g., aborting fetuses or euthanizing subjects at different stages of development and then studying their bodies. (catholiclane.com)
However some believe that there are a variety of advantages in being able to clone agricultural animals by splitting early embryos. (biotopics.co.uk)
The 2nd type of cloning is reproductive cloning, which can be how pets or animals are cloned. (mabuty.com)
The United States government recently decided that it's safe to drink milk and eat meat that comes from cloned animals. (snexplores.org)
So far, cloned animals haven't fared well, critics say. (snexplores.org)
Worldwide it is estimated that the number of vertebrate animals-from zebrafish to non-human primates -ranges from the tens of millions to more than 100 million used annually. (wmflabs.org)

Dr. Brigitte Boisselier, chief executive of Clonaid, convened a press conference to announce the recent birth of 'Eve', a baby girl cloned from the skin cell of her 31-year-old mother. (hoaxes.org)

However, a number of other features are needed, and a variety of specialised cloning vectors (small piece of DNA into which a foreign DNA fragment can be inserted) exist that allow protein production, affinity tagging, single-stranded RNA or DNA production and a host of other molecular biology tools. (wikipedia.org)
Professor Sinclair said: "Keith was a giant in the field of reproductive biology. (nottingham.ac.uk)
A prominent biologist Lee Silver , once said that biology would be forever defined as BD and AD: before Dolly and after Dolly. (wikiquote.org)

A type of cloning that occurs naturally is when identical twins are born ("What Is Cloning? (bartleby.com)
Humans and other mammals may produce natural clones, commonly referred to as identical twins. (geminigenetics.com)

How many attempts did it take to clone Dolly? (pooginook.com)
To give you an idea how hard this was, Dolly (initially identified as 6LL3) was the only lamb born alive from 277 attempts! (pooginook.com)
More than 90% of cloning attempts fail to produce viable offspring. (wikiquote.org)
Not everyone realizes that Dolly was the final success story at the end of a string of unsuccessful attempts and spontaneous abortions. (exposingsatanism.org)
Few cloning attempts are successful. (snexplores.org)

Coined by Herbert J. Webber, the term clone derives from the Ancient Greek word κλών (klōn), twig, which is the process whereby a new plant is created from a twig. (wikipedia.org)
Molecular cloning refers to the process of making multiple molecules. (wikipedia.org)
This process allows people to clone living things of any sort. (bartleby.com)
Reproductive cloning is a process that has been around for a long time. (nyln.org)
Although twins are essentially clones, they formed through a natural process rather than an artificial one. (nyln.org)
Cloning-for-biomedical-research is also profoundly unethical, as it turns human reproduction into a manufacturing process in the most literal sense: human embryos are created to serve as raw materials for the production of biomedical research supplies. (thenewatlantis.com)
Pet cloning is the process where a genetically identical twin is created of your original animal companion. (geminigenetics.com)
Though pet cloning may be considered a relatively new technology, the process of cloning as defined above is first documented in 1885, where Hans Adolf Eduard Driesch demonstrated artificial embryo twinning on a sea-urchin. (geminigenetics.com)
Viewed in this way, identical (non-fraternal) twins are fairly commonplace examples of a natural cloning process. (biotopics.co.uk)
the reliability of the process could be increased, and it has transpired that cloned offspring effectively age prematurely - due to progressive deterioration of structures called telomeres at the edges of chromosomes. (biotopics.co.uk)
The goal of cloning is to take control of the reproductive process. (snexplores.org)
In this process, the cloned cell does not come from an adult. (hoaxes.org)

There are also naturally occurring clones among animal populations. (geminigenetics.com)
As well as their distinctive white markings and long curved horns, these cattle are special because they are now considered a herd of naturally occurring clones. (geminigenetics.com)

Cats are easy, dogs are hard, mouse is easy, rats - hard, humans and other primates is very difficult. (scienews.com)
You can't say, taking this information in isolation, that it's easier to clone primates and humans,' he said. (irfi.org)

Sadly, in 2003 Dolly died prematurely at the age of 6.5 years after contracting ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma, a form of lung cancer common in sheep that is caused by the retrovirus JSRV. (pooginook.com)

What happened to Dolly the sheep clone? (pooginook.com)

She is the first mammal ever created from the non-reproductive tissue of an adult animal. (newscientist.com)
If the same could be achieved in humans, it would mean that each of us could have clones of ourselves made from our own tissue. (newscientist.com)
But if, as seems likely, the Roslin team has succeeded in making an entire animal from adult tissue, it might be possible to do the same for humans. (newscientist.com)

She is not the result of mating between a ewe and a ram but was cloned from a single cell taken from the udder of a six-year-old ewe. (newscientist.com)
The difference with Dolly is that all her DNA originated in a cell from the udder of an adult sheep. (newscientist.com)
Inevitably most people will remember him for Dolly the sheep although his recent work was focused on fundamental and applied stem cell research as a tool for the study of human disease. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Dolly was important because she was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. (pooginook.com)
That honour belongs to another sheep which was cloned from an embryo cell and born in 1984 in Cambridge, UK. (pooginook.com)
Dolly the sheep, the first mammal cloned from an adult cell, died on 14 February. (pooginook.com)
Cloning is as much an art as it is a science," said Robert Lanza of Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Massachusetts. (exposingsatanism.org)
In order to better appreciate the role of stem cell research in reproductive medicine, there is a need to understand the critical biological principles of stem cell research and its potential applications to medicine. (jcpa.org)
While there is a great deal published on the potential medical applications of stem cell research to treat or cure diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancer, and heart disease, much less has been published on the future impact of stem cell research in reproductive medicine. (jcpa.org)
Junk was in reality, the first mammal to get cloned via a cellular taken from a fully adult dog cell. (mabuty.com)
The Catholic Church has always held that stem-cell research and therapies are morally acceptable, as long as they don't involve the creation and destruction of human embryos. (archstl.org)

As mentioned earlier, clones tend to have several health issues. (nyln.org)

More than 100 nuclear transfer procedures could be required to produce one viable clone. (wikiquote.org)

There were an alarming number of miscarriages and abnormalities with the technique," says Roger Gosden, a reproductive biologist at the Leeds General Infirmary. (newscientist.com)
In 1966, his final year at Nottingham, he received a scholarship to conduct research for a summer under English biologist Ernest John Christopher Polge in the Unit of Reproductive Physiology and Biochemistry, then a division of the Agricultural Research Council at the University of Cambridge. (mathisfunforum.com)

He led efforts to develop cloning, or nuclear transfer, techniques that could be used to make genetically modified sheep. (cyprus-mail.com)

The first obstacle to cloning your dog is that $100,000 cost. (wikiquote.org)

Anatomy14

Organisms30

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes60

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science4

Health Care1

199612

Genetic24

Embryonic8

Organisms8

Cows3

Genetics4

Embryo Research5

Embryos for research2

Pigs2

Learned in 19971

Creation of cloned1

Adult cells3

Therapeutic and reproductive1

Blastocyst4

Somatic cell5

Roslin Institute3

Successfully5

Caused Dolly the s1

20024

Surrogate1

Gene Cloning3

World's2

Large numbers of genetically1

Species12

19972

Beings6

Scientists13

Reproduce3

Genes6

Prohibit2

Organism4

Experimentation3

SCNT1

Wilmut3

Biotechnology2

Ethical6

Stem cells2

Procedure2

Mice1

20201

Asexual reproduction3

Rhesus1

Cells14

Copies2

Researchers4

Animals14

Brigitte Boisselier1

Biology3

Identical twins2

Attempts5

Process12

Naturally2

Primates2

Prematurely1

Sheep clone1

Tissue3

Cell11

Tend1

Viable1

Biologist2

Nuclear transfer1

Obstacle1