• The first clear description of monocyte subsets by flow cytometry dates back to the late 1980s, when a population of CD16-positive monocytes was described. (wikipedia.org)
  • Today, three types of monocytes are recognized in human blood: The classical monocyte is characterized by high level expression of the CD14 cell surface receptor (CD14++ CD16− monocyte) The non-classical monocyte shows low level expression of CD14 and additional co-expression of the CD16 receptor (CD14+CD16++ monocyte). (wikipedia.org)
  • The intermediate monocyte expresses high levels of CD14 and low levels of CD16 (CD14++CD16+ monocytes). (wikipedia.org)
  • Inflammatory monocytes (CX3CR1low, CCR2pos, Ly6Chigh, PD-L1neg), which are equivalent to human classical CD14++ CD16− monocytes and resident monocytes (CX3CR1high, CCR2neg, Ly6Clow, PD-L1pos), which are equivalent to human non-classical CD14+ CD16+ monocytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ly6C high MC is the pro-inflammatory subset and the counterpart of human CD14 ++ CD16 + intermediate MC which contributes to systemic and tissue inflammation in various metabolic disorders, including hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). (frontiersin.org)
  • Human MC were initially divided into three subsets based on the cell surface expression of CD14 and CD16, and recently classified based on CD40 expression ( 2 - 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Murine Ly6C high and Ly6C middle MC subsets perform pro-inflammatory functions, which are considered the counterpart of human CD14 ++ CD16 + intermediate MC or CD14 + CD40 + inflammatory MC ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Background: In sarcoidosis, blood monocytes, circulating precursors of granuloma macrophages, display enhanced inflammatory cytokine production, reduced expression of the regulatory (inhibitory) receptor CD200R, and altered subsets defined by CD14 and CD16. (monocyte.eu)
  • Monocytes are a heterogeneous cell population comprising of at least three subsets: classical monocytes (CMo, CD14 high CD16- in humans, Ly6C high TREML4- in mice), intermediate monocytes (IMo, CD14 high CD16+ in human, Ly6C+TREML4+in mice), and patrolling monocytes (PMo, CD14 dim CD16+ in human, Ly6C-TREML4+in mice). (bmj.com)
  • Objective- Three distinct human monocyte subsets have been identified based on the surface marker expression of CD14 and CD16. (monocyte.eu)
  • Among cardiac macrophage subtypes, WWP2 dysfunction primarily affects Ly6c high monocytes via modulating Ccl5, and consequentially macrophage infiltration and activation, which contributes to reduced myofibroblast trans -differentiation. (nature.com)
  • Aside from their differentiation capacity, monocytes can also directly regulate immune responses. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study aims to explore molecule signaling mediating MC subset differentiation in HHcy and control mice. (frontiersin.org)
  • Finally, we established 3 groups of transcriptional models to describe Ly6C high to Ly6C low MC subset differentiation, immune checkpoint regulation, Ly6C high MC to MΦ subset differentiation and Ly6C low MC to lymphocyte functional adaptation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Tumor-Derived Retinoic Acid Regulates Intratumoral Monocyte Differentiation to Promote Immune Suppression Cell. (upenn.edu)
  • CD14+ monocytes from IBD patients had significantly decreased cleaved H3T22, suggesting they were epigenetically primed for macrophage differentiation.We describe the first systems-level quantification of histone modifications across immune cells from IBD patients at a single-cell resolution revealing the increased epigenetic heterogeneity that is not possible with traditional ChIP-seq profiling. (stanford.edu)
  • 3 In rheumatoid arthritis, monocyte trafficking to, and differentiation in, the joints has been suggested to feed the autoimmune cycle by providing a source for the high levels of synovial-fluid DCs that ultimately stimulate tissue-damaging autoreactive effector cells. (ashpublications.org)
  • Conclusions We have discovered the antimetastasis and pro-NK cell activity of IFN-IMo, identified FOXO1 as a key molecule for IFN-γ driven monocyte differentiation and function, and found NR4A1 as an inhibitory molecule for IFN-IMo activity. (bmj.com)
  • We demonstrate that the inhibitory receptor LILRB1 (ILT2, LIR1, CD85j) is selectively up-regulated during DC differentiation from monocyte precursors in culture. (ashpublications.org)
  • In addition, the differentiation of monocyte subsets into functionally polarized macrophages is discussed. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • Whereas the latter induce the differentiation of M1-polarized macrophages in human, bovine monocyte-derived macrophages develop a mixed M1/M2 macrophage phenotype. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • These cells are functionally, phenotypically, and developmentally heterogeneous with many distinct subsets. (upenn.edu)
  • Background Circulating monocytes are functionally heterogeneous and can be divided into classical (CMo), intermediate (IMo), and non-CMo/patrolling monocyte (PMo) subsets. (bmj.com)
  • However, small is well known in regards to the inter-relationship between these distinct TAMs or their possible inter-conversion functionally. (biomedigs.org)
  • However, at least two distinct macrophage populations have been identified: the classically activated M1 phenotype and the alternative activated M2 phenotype [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Although myofibroblasts have been considered the only phenotype of activated fibroblasts, distinct subsets of fibroblasts, namely inflammatory fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, have been reported in arthritis and pancreatic cancer. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • MLL fusions, except for MLL-EDC4, generally conferred a more differentiated phenotype predominantly consisting of monocytes/macrophage CD14-like and promonocyte-like cells. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • A dichotomous distribution of CD200R was seen on classical and intermediate monocytes in the sarcoidosis population, with 14 out of 25 (56%) sarcoidosis patients having a CD200Rlow phenotype and 11 out of 25 (44%) having a CD200Rhigh phenotype. (monocyte.eu)
  • As the heterogeneity of human blood monocytes was widely studied and reviewed, this work focuses on comparing bovine monocyte subsets with their human counterparts regarding their phenotype, adhesion and migration properties, inflammatory and antimicrobial functions, and their ability to interact with neutrophilic granulocytes. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • Regarding phenotype and distribution in blood, bovine monocyte subsets share similarities with their human counterparts. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • Here, we identify 8 human monocyte subsets based on their surface marker phenotype. (monocyte.eu)
  • This macrophage polarization can be simulated in vitro using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-γ stimulation for a proinflammatory subset termed classical activation and stimulation with interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 for an alternative polarization phenotype. (haematologica.org)
  • 4 Upon polarization, macrophages react to the respective stimulus with the expression of a distinct phenotype. (haematologica.org)
  • Collectively, in a tissue-dependent manner, murine LCs differentiate from at least three distinct precursors (embryonic, pre-DC, and monocytic) in steady state. (nih.gov)
  • Monocytes are produced by the bone marrow from precursors called monoblasts, bipotent cells that differentiated from hematopoietic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Monocytes in the circulation are precursors to tissue macrophages. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Recent evidence implicates monocytes/macrophages in the etiopathology of cardiac fibrosis, but giving their heterogeneity and the antagonizing roles of macrophage subtypes in fibrosis, targeting these cells has been challenging. (nature.com)
  • By using single cell RNA sequencing analysis of immune cells in the same model, we establish the functional heterogeneity of macrophages and define an early pro-fibrogenic phase of NICM that is driven by Ccl5- expressing Ly6c high monocytes. (nature.com)
  • Monocytes are a highly plastic innate immune cell population that displays significant heterogeneity within the circulation. (nuigalway.ie)
  • Nonetheless, for the intermediate monocyte subset in particular, functional experiments have yielded conflicting results and some studies point to further levels of heterogeneity. (nuigalway.ie)
  • Heterogeneity of Bovine Peripheral Blood Monocytes. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • Herein, we aim at reviewing published work regarding the heterogeneity of the recently characterized bovine monocyte subsets. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • Human Monocyte Heterogeneity as Revealed by High-Dimensional Mass Cytometry. (monocyte.eu)
  • We found that 3 of these subsets fall within the CD16+ nonclassical monocyte population and 4 subsets belong to the CD14+ classical monocytes, illustrating significant monocyte heterogeneity in humans. (monocyte.eu)
  • Nonclassical monocytes were expanded in sarcoidosis and exhibited significantly lower expression of regulatory receptors CD200R, signal regulatory protein-alpha and CD47 than classical or intermediate monocytes. (monocyte.eu)
  • Conclusions: Nonclassical monocytes, which are expanded in sarcoidosis, express very low levels of regulatory receptors. (monocyte.eu)
  • These phenotypic subsets, termed classical, intermediate and nonclassical, have also been demonstrated to differ in regard to their functional properties and disease associations when studiedin vitroandin vivo. (nuigalway.ie)
  • As nonclassical monocytes are important in modulating atherosclerosis in mice, we studied the functions of our 3 newly identified nonclassical monocytes in subjects with CAD. (monocyte.eu)
  • We found a marked expansion of a Slan+CXCR6+ nonclassical monocyte subset in CAD subjects, which was positively correlated with CAD severity. (monocyte.eu)
  • This nonclassical subset can migrate towards CXCL16 and shows an increased efferocytosis capacity, indicating it may play an atheroprotective role. (monocyte.eu)
  • Conclusions- Our data demonstrate that human nonclassical monocytes are a heterogeneous population, existing of several subsets with functional differences. (monocyte.eu)
  • Flow cytometry analysis of monocyte subsets in blood, and behavioral and postmortem analyses were performed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Individuals 40-70 years old in Lima, Peru , underwent QuantiFERON-TB testing to define LTBI, completed a coronary computed tomography angiography to evaluate CAD, and provided blood for monocyte profiling using flow cytometry . (bvsalud.org)
  • We identify a pro-fibrogenic macrophage subtype in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, and demonstrate that WWP2 is a key regulator of IRF7-mediated Ccl5/Ly6c high monocyte axis in heart fibrosis. (nature.com)
  • Murine monocytes (MC) are classified into Ly6C high and Ly6C low MC. (frontiersin.org)
  • Murine MC are divided into three subsets based on surface expression of lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus C (Ly6C) ( 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Peripheral administration of MDP converts Ly6C high into Ly6C low monocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previously, we have shown that Ly6C low monocytes play crucial roles in the pathology of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ly6C low monocytes are resident phagocytes that patrol the lumen of blood vessels and enhance tissue repair [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Peripheral blood monocytes of several species can be divided into different subpopulations with distinct phenotypic and functional properties. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • While in humans the level of CD14 expression can be used to differentiate non-classical and intermediate monocytes, the slan (6-Sulfo LacNAc) cell surface marker was shown to give an unequivocal separation of the two cell types. (wikipedia.org)
  • Distinct patterns of surface marker expression have become accepted as a basis for distinguishing three monocyte subsets in humans. (nuigalway.ie)
  • Here, we show that in humans and pig-tailed macaques, the cycle determines distinct CD4 T cell surveillance behaviors by subsets corresponding to migratory memory (T(MM)) and resident memory (T(RM)) cells. (cdc.gov)
  • state that the "intermediate" monocyte population is likely to be a unique subpopulation of monocytes, as opposed to a developmental step, due to their comparatively high expression of surface receptors involved in reparative processes (including vascular endothelial growth factor receptors type 1 and 2, CXCR4, and Tie-2) as well as evidence that the "intermediate" subset is specifically enriched in the bone marrow. (wikipedia.org)
  • In mice, monocytes can be divided in two subpopulations. (wikipedia.org)
  • These macrophages comprise several phenotypically distinct subpopulations that rapidly shift in abundance during obesity-induced tissue remodeling. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Monocytes are mononuclear cells and the ellipsoidal nucleus is often lobulated/indented, causing a bean-shaped or kidney-shaped appearance. (wikipedia.org)
  • Monocytes (MC) are bone marrow (BM) derived mononuclear phagocytes that play an important role in innate immune response and are the major immune cell population in chronic tissue inflammatory ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The present study examined the effects of Sia + IgG on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived monocyte and macrophage surface marker expression and cytokine/chemokine secretion. (scirp.org)
  • Osteoclasts are bone resorbing, multinucleate cells that differentiate from mononuclear macrophage/monocyte-lineage hematopoietic precursor cells. (jci.org)
  • Distinct immune regulatory receptor profiles linked to altered monocyte subsets in sarcoidosis. (monocyte.eu)
  • We investigated the relationship between monocyte subsets and regulatory receptor expression in sarcoidosis. (monocyte.eu)
  • It was found that blockade of CD62-L (L-selectin) or CD44 (the hyaluronan receptor) abrogated monocyte rolling, firm adhesion, and ultimate infiltration into the retina, whereas blockage of PSGL-1 (a ligand for P-, E- and L-selectins) and LFA-1 (receptor of ICAM-1) had either partial or no effect, respectively, on these parameters. (ashpublications.org)
  • In recent studies that were conducted through a CCSRI Innovation grant, the investigators discovered that oral treatment of mice with the commonly used histamine receptor 2 (H2) antagonists ranitidine or famotidine inhibits both primary breast tumor development and metastasis, in three distinct mouse tumor models and reduces the numbers of monocytic MDSC. (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • [ 13 ] The hallmark finding in IgA pemphigus is autoantibodies binding to sites containing the monocyte/granulocyte IgA-Fc receptor (CD89), causing intraepidermal neutrophilic pustules. (medscape.com)
  • Regulatory receptors serve to dampen monocyte and macrophage inflammatory responses. (monocyte.eu)
  • Proinflammatory monocytes are involved in inflammatory responses, extravasate in inflamed tissues in a CCR2-dependent manner, and thus contribute to local inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In opposite to the human system, where higher blood cell number of non-classical monocytes was widely correlated with several human infectious and non-infectious diseases, higher counts of bovine intermediate monocytes are suggested as a potential biomarker for inflammatory responses postpartum. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • These myeloid subsets are a heterogeneous population of cells with distinct origins and functions, and participate in the initial inflammatory and subsequent wound healing responses after myocardial tissue injury. (utoronto.ca)
  • We obtained highly purified monocyte sub-populations from the blood of HIV-infected participants on virally suppressive cART and evaluated the viral content and composition using flow cytometric and PCR technologies. (hawaii.edu)
  • We observed unique HIV viral signatures among the monocyte populations. (hawaii.edu)
  • Monocytes can migrate into tissues and replenish resident macrophage populations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Whether the sequential presence of two different macrophage populations results from a dynamic shift in macrophage polarization or from the recruitment of new circulating monocytes is a subject of ongoing debate. (hindawi.com)
  • Morphometric characterization of TAMs in human colorectal liver metastases captures individual populations, corresponding to single-cell clusters and associated with distinct clinical outcome and transcriptional profiles. (rupress.org)
  • Under steady-state conditions, a subset of monocytes contribute to the homeostatic maintenance of resident DC and macrophage populations in the periphery. (ashpublications.org)
  • These findings attribute distinct beneficial effects to different macrophage populations in the context of myocardial infarction. (elifesciences.org)
  • As a part of the vertebrate innate immune system monocytes also influence adaptive immune responses and exert tissue repair functions. (wikipedia.org)
  • In general, monocytes and their macrophage and dendritic cell progeny serve three main functions in the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Selective targeting of tumor-proximal subsets, potentially combined with HIF-1α inhibition and immune stimulation, may offer a multi-modal therapeutic approach for this disease. (elifesciences.org)
  • Specific absence of homeostatic, monocyte-independent macrophages altered the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury and induced proinflammatory neutrophil polarization, resulting in impaired cardiac remodelling without influencing infarct size. (elifesciences.org)
  • A major component of tumor associated immune suppression is mediated by myeloid cells, especially the monocytic subset of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC). (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • Distinct cellular immune properties in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with cognition in HIV-infected individuals initiating antiretroviral therapy. (cdc.gov)
  • In this issue of Blood , Xu and colleagues demonstrate that mechanisms controlling monocyte recirculation through peripheral and lymphoid tissues alter in a systemic fashion during inflammation, with CD62-L and CD44 playing key roles. (ashpublications.org)
  • 1 In the presence of an inflammatory stimulus or infection, the inflammatory subset of monocytes rapidly become recruited to affected tissues, where they differentiate and provide large numbers of local macrophages and DCs. (ashpublications.org)
  • Moreover, these treatments caused monocytes to accumulate in specific lymphoid tissues, with CD44 blockade causing concomitant retention in the lymph nodes and depletion from the spleen, and CD62-L blockade causing accumulation in the spleen and depletion from lymph nodes. (ashpublications.org)
  • From these results, it was concluded that mechanisms controlling monocyte recirculation through peripheral and lymphoid tissues alter in a systemic fashion during inflammation, and that under such conditions, CD62-L and CD44 play important roles in maintaining monocytes within circulation. (ashpublications.org)
  • In contrast to their pro-inflammatory functions in human, bovine non-classical monocytes show the lowest phagocytosis and reactive oxygen species generation capacity, an absent ability to produce the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1beta after inflammasome activation, and do not have a role in the early recruitment of neutrophils into inflamed tissues. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • Monocytes migrate into tissues, where over approximately 8 hours, they develop into macrophages. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Homeostatic, repertoire and transcriptional relationships between colon T regulatory cell subsets. (preprintclub.com)
  • Dendritic cell subsets were isolated from 3 peripheral blood donors and 3 cord blood donors. (nih.gov)
  • Despite extensive research, our understanding of the precise role of different subsets of macrophages in ischemia/reperfusion injury remains incomplete. (elifesciences.org)
  • There are at least three subclasses of monocytes in human blood based on their phenotypic receptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Distinct lymphoid, myeloid, and stromal cell types in the TME exert opposing influences on PDAC tumor trajectory, suggesting a more complex organization than the classical "hot" versus "cold" tumor distinction. (stanford.edu)
  • Stromal fibroblasts are a dominant but heterogenous population within the tumor microenvironment and therapeutic targeting of stromal subsets may have therapeutic utility. (elifesciences.org)
  • In contrast, inflammatory CAFs were dominant within tumor-distal subsets and expressed complement components and the Wnt-inhibitor SFRP2. (elifesciences.org)
  • Monocytes comprise approximately 5% of the blood leukocyte population and play critical roles in both innate and adaptive immunity. (ashpublications.org)
  • Methods We screened multiple inflammatory cytokines/chemokines activity of modulating PMo/IMo associated cell markers expression using human monocyte in vitro culture system. (bmj.com)
  • Classical and intermediate monocytes of both species also differ in their response toward major monocyte-attracting chemokines (CCL2 and CCL5) and neutrophil degranulation products (DGP) in vitro. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • In vitro migration assays, transendothelial migration assays (iTEM), and cell adhesion assays were used to investigate the effects of SPON2 on monocyte/macrophage migration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Understanding how these newly identified subsets modulate CAD will be important for CAD-based therapies that target myeloid cells. (monocyte.eu)
  • MC can be classified into inflammatory or anti-inflammatory subsets ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • On the other hand, patrolling monocytes (also referred to as anti-inflammatory) establish the resident regulatory patrolling monocyte population [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Monocytes are mechanically active cells and migrate from blood to an inflammatory site to perform their functions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Monocytes are also capable of killing infected host cells via antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, we currently do not know which type of cells in the heart produce CCL and attract monocytes in blood to the heart. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify a regulatory signaling pathway in cardiac inflammation based on the hypothesis that a distinct subset of inflammation-related activated fibroblasts plays crucial roles in the recruitment of inflammatory cells, especially monocytes/macrophages, and in the pathology of heart failure. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • Analysis from scRNA and scATAC V showed different FLT3 activity/chromatin signatures within clusters of leukemic cells in the relapse that could be explained by midostaurin resistance and the emergence of distinct subclones as detected by scDNA-seq. (uni-heidelberg.de)
  • They had a higher proportion of less differentiated CD34 + hematopoietic progenitors, and a subset of CD56 bright NK cells and γδ T cells characterized by distinct histone modifications associated with the gene transcription. (stanford.edu)
  • The subset of CD56 bright NK cells had increased several histone acetylations. (stanford.edu)
  • Neonatal monocytes (CD11c+ CD14+) and neonatal naive T cells (CD3+ CD4+ CD56- CD25- CD45RO-) were used as controls. (nih.gov)
  • Within this mature population, we observed cells with distinct motility behaviors and function, with the relative proportion of static - bone resorptive (R) to moving - nonresorptive (N) varying in accordance with the pathophysiological conditions of the bone. (jci.org)
  • Furthermore, we showed that Th17 cells, a subset of RANKL-expressing CD4 + T cells, could induce rapid N-to-R conversion of mature osteoclasts via cell-cell contact. (jci.org)
  • Two TAM subsets support cancer cell intravasation: migratory macrophages guideline cancers cells toward arteries, where sessile perivascular macrophages support their entry in to the bloodstream. (biomedigs.org)
  • Vorapaxar Cancers cells induce TGF-dependent upregulation of CXCR4 in monocytes, while CXCL12 portrayed by perivascular fibroblasts draws in these motile TAMs toward the arteries, bringing motile cancers cells together. (biomedigs.org)
  • 2003). Results and Conversation Monocyte Labeling Reveals Distinct Temporal and Functional Properties of TAM Subsets Clodronate liposomes target phagocytic cells and can deplete monocyte and macrophages (Buiting et?al. (biomedigs.org)
  • T-cells have 2 subsets of betic patients with and without nephropathy. (who.int)
  • Distinct responses of human monocyte subsets to Aspergillus fumigatus conidia. (uchicago.edu)
  • T(MM) display tissue-itinerant trafficking characteristics, restricted distribution within the FRT microenvironment, and distinct effector responses to infection. (cdc.gov)
  • D. Bruder, E. , O. Richards, J. , M. Michel, K. and Oaks, M. (2016) Differential Effects of Alternative Glycoforms of IgG on Human Monocytes and Macrophages: Sialylated IgG Induces Novel Expression Signatures of Cell Surface Markers, Cytokines, and Chemokines. (scirp.org)
  • During inflammation, circulating monocytes can also traffic directly to the lymph nodes by crossing the high endothelial venules via a so-called remote-control mechanism involving lymph-transported chemokines. (ashpublications.org)
  • Such differences between homologous monocyte subsets also extend to the development of monocyte-derived macrophages under the influence of chemokines like CCL5 and neutrophil DGP. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • Monocytes are recruited to tumors by chemokines (e.g. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Monocyte trafficking critically contributes to inflammatory and autoimmune disease. (ashpublications.org)
  • We also critically evaluate the insights into subset functional distinctions that have been garnered from monocyte gene expression analysis and the potential utility of such studies to unravel subset-specific functional changes which arise in disease states. (nuigalway.ie)
  • One of the major impediments limiting progress has been the prevailing assumption that bone marrow-derived circulating monocytes are the source of all tissue macrophages. (utoronto.ca)
  • Monocytes are a type of leukocyte or white blood cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, the trafficking of adoptively transferred GFP + monocytes through inflamed retinal venules was characterized in the absence and presence of antibodies that block the function of specific leukocyte-trafficking adhesion molecules. (ashpublications.org)
  • Resident monocytes have the ability to patrol along the endothelium wall in the steady state and under inflammatory conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is known that C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) is a chemokine which facilitates monocyte movement and positioning. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • They then examined the mRNA expression pattern at a single cell level using so-called single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and found a subset of cardiac fibroblasts highly expressed genes activated by the transcription factor NF-kB and CCL2 mRNA. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • they can expand in response to injury through the recruitment of circulating monocytes from blood 14 . (nature.com)
  • In the mouse which did not express the NF-kB activator IKKb in cardiac fibroblasts, pressure overload induced less monocyte recruitment and did not induce heart failure. (kcl.ac.uk)
  • Genomic deletion of a fms-intronic regulatory element (FIRE) in the Csf1r locus resulted in specific absence of resident homeostatic and antigen-presenting macrophages, without affecting the recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages to the infarcted heart. (elifesciences.org)
  • The investigators will examine peripheral blood monocyte, neutrophil and NK cell numbers, subsets and activation status from healthy volunteers treated for 6 weeks with daily oral ranitidine. (drugpatentwatch.com)
  • Two distinct and persistent phenotypes of CD200R expression in classical and intermediate monocytes could be evaluated as sarcoidosis biomarkers. (monocyte.eu)
  • Among LTBI individuals, CAD was associated with lower CX3CR1 MFI on classical monocytes and lower CD36 MFI across all monocyte subsets. (bvsalud.org)
  • The levels of both intermediate (CD14+, CD16+) and non-classical monocyte (CD14Lo, CD16+) were significantly elevated in PASC patients up to 15 months post-acute infection compared to healthy controls (P=0.002 and P=0.01, respectively). (drpaulalexander.com)
  • A statistically significant number of non-classical monocytes contained SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein in both severe (P=0.004) and PASC patients (P=0.02) out to 15 months post-infection. (drpaulalexander.com)
  • Non-classical monocytes were sorted from PASC patients using flow cytometric sorting and the SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein was confirmed by mass spectrometry. (drpaulalexander.com)
  • According to the classical model, it proposes a common myeloid progenitor (CMP) as the precursor of both monocytes/macrophages and DCs. (origene.com)
  • We analyzed T-cell, B-cell, and monocytic subsets in both severe COVID-19 patients and in patients with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). (drpaulalexander.com)
  • In sarcoidosis, all three monocyte subsets had significantly reduced CD200R and CD47 expression compared with healthy controls. (monocyte.eu)
  • In addition, we found monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) levels significantly increased, whereas intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) significantly decreased, and microglial marker (Iba1) did not change in the treatment group compared to the control. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our data extended prior observations of Sia + IgG on DC function and showed that Sia + IgG was able to differentially modulate multiple pathways in monocytes and macrophages. (scirp.org)
  • Pro-Inflammatory Alterations of Circulating Monocytes in Latent Tuberculosis Infection. (bvsalud.org)
  • The underlying mechanism and source of this distinct immunologic condition three months or more after initial infection remains elusive. (drpaulalexander.com)
  • Moreover, bioinformatic analyses were employed to identify the related biological functions of monocyte-derived DCs and construct the functional networks of lncRNAs and mRNAs that are differentially expressed (DE) in imDCs and mDCs. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our research studied the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles of monocyte-derived DCs and demonstrated the functional networks that are involved in monocyte-derived DCs-mediated regulation in AR. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, many functional differences exist between monocyte subsets from the two species. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • Although only a few bovine clinical trials analyzed the correlation between changes in monocyte composition and disease, they suggest that functional differences between human and bovine monocyte subsets are also reflected in their different clinical relevance for distinct diseases. (np-monocyte.eu)
  • Monocytes compose 2% to 10% of all leukocytes in the human body. (wikipedia.org)
  • Approach and Results- We used the high dimensionality of mass cytometry together with the FlowSOM clustering algorithm to accurately identify and define monocyte subsets in blood of healthy human subjects and those with coronary artery disease (CAD). (monocyte.eu)
  • To understand if polarization of macrophages can lead to a procoagulant macrophage subset we polarized human monocyte derived macrophages to a proinflammatory and an alternative activation state. (haematologica.org)
  • In contrast to monocytes, human macrophages did not show increased tissue factor expression upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ. (haematologica.org)
  • We also have several integrated translational projects that focus on the corresponding human myeloid subsets, how they are activated and how their activation state relates to myocardial function and myocardial recovery in patients following myocardial tissue injury (myocardial infarction). (utoronto.ca)
  • Monocytes can perform phagocytosis using intermediary (opsonising) proteins such as antibodies or complement that coat the pathogen, as well as by binding to the microbe directly via pattern recognition receptors that recognize pathogens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sia + IgG induced increased expression of CD80 and dendritic cell immunoreceptor (DCIR) on monocytes, whereas the expression of HLA-DR was decreased. (scirp.org)
  • Furthermore, blocking the SPON2/integrin β1/PYK2 axis impairs the transendothelial migration of monocytes and cancer-promoting functions of TAMs in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mucosal LCs can be segregated into CD103(+)CD11b(lo) (CD103(+)) and CD11b(+)CD103(-) (CD11b(+)) subsets. (nih.gov)
  • Strikingly, and somewhat surprisingly, CD62-L and CD44 blockade also lead to a rapid and profound depletion of monocytes from the circulation. (ashpublications.org)