• The widespread geographic distribution of many marine invertebrate species is often attributed to long-range dispersal, or "rafting. (royalbcmuseum.bc.ca)
  • Rapid, large-scale movement of suitable substrates (surfaces that marine invertebrates can live on) fundamentally changes the dispersal range and limitations for many marine species, particularly those with short pelagic (swimming or drifting) larval stages. (royalbcmuseum.bc.ca)
  • Biogeographic patterns in terrestrial and marine systems worldwide suggest that physical barriers to dispersal have played an important role in determining species range edges throughout evolutionary history. (confex.com)
  • This study investigates whether coastal marine species that rely on larval dispersal can track climate change across marine current-related biogeographic boundaries. (confex.com)
  • Biogeographic barriers driven by ocean currents inhibit the ability of a species to colonize new habitat along a coastline via larval dispersal, even if that habitat is highly suitable and the species' native range is shrinking as a result of climate change. (confex.com)
  • unlike other species with short larval phases that occasionally colonize against prevailing currents via nearshore eddies, these species spend so long in the water column that they rarely escape the prevailing current regime. (confex.com)
  • Marine biogeographic barriers may prevent species that rely on larval dispersal, especially sessile species with long larval phases, from tracking climate change. (confex.com)
  • Benthic species connectivity in the marine environment relies on the degree of exchange of pelagic larval stages from habitats where adult populations spawn and subsequent recruitment in areas where the juveniles can survive to sexual maturity. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our findings show that adults of these species are capable of dispersal to and from temporary pools to avoid drought. (uchile.cl)
  • The consequences of reduced-dispersal are species-specific due to varied development-strategies. (wow-shine.org)
  • It is nevertheless clear that changes in marine-temperature will impact dispersal and perhaps overall-distribution of certain species. (wow-shine.org)
  • The goals of this study were to determine the main dispersal mechanisms of U. australis in 1 copepod species and to compare the dispersal ability of U. australis between 2 different copepod species. (ucsc.cl)
  • Here we provide for the first time detailed descriptions of the first larval stage (zoea I) of four alvinocaridid species: Rimicaris exoculata and Mirocaris fortunata from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Alvinocaris muricola from the Congo Basin and Nautilocaris saintlaurentae from the Western Pacific. (ifremer.fr)
  • The role of larval dispersal, post-recruitment migration, and marine current dynamics as drivers of genetic connectivity in this species is discussed. (bio.br)
  • Statistical parameters were used to relate the abundance and frequency of occurrence of larval stages, defined oceanographic areas and sampling years, which allowed discrimination of spawning areas and larval dispersal potential of the species in the study area. (lajar.cl)
  • In addition, the species pool in urban habitats is often limited in its seed-dispersal capabilities or mutualistic interactions, such as pollination, and the possible range of habitat types is often limited. (urbanhabitats.org)
  • The zoea stage is crucial for the survival and dispersal of many crab and shrimp species. (world-english.org)
  • Orientation-specific hydrodynamic sensitivity and behavioral response strategies in the presence of persistent hydrodynamic cues may enable larvae to effectively forage and sample to locate and exploit nearby resource patches, while also inducing dispersal trajectories toward favorable benthic settlement habitats through depth-regulation and effective STST. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this regard, hydrodynamic cues associated with spatiotemporally persistent flow features are likely fundamental drivers of decapod crab larvae behavior and may act as another mechanism of larval patchiness by directly impacting finescale population distributions and resultant dispersal trajectories. (frontiersin.org)
  • Local adaptation driven by evolution of dispersal traits in marine larvae Most marine invertebrate disperse during a planktonic larval stage that may last for many weeks while drifting with the ocean circulation. (gu.se)
  • Most larvae control may control their vertical position in the water column and can perhaps exploit depth-dependent variations in water transport to modify their net dispersal. (gu.se)
  • Dispersal effects of larval behavior is almost unknown and we aim to study larvae of shore crabs (Carcinus maenas) and implications for dispersal and evolution of local adaptations. (gu.se)
  • Larvae are thin, pale yellow and darken in the later larval stages. (arbico-organics.com)
  • Dauer larvae display characteristic behaviors that maximize their survival and dispersal to new, more hospitable, environments. (wormatlas.org)
  • First instar larvae showed the highest abundance and were captured more frequently, in consecutive weeks and simultaneously with third instar larvae, suggesting that the two populations studied are not synchronized in oviposition time or development of immature stages. (uchile.cl)
  • Detection and response to these environmental stimuli are important for the dispersal and settlement of ascidian larvae. (silverchair.com)
  • Mussels show high dispersal at the larval stage, and settlement is a highly complex process in which larvae must choose an appropriate site to attach. (anid.cl)
  • Larval settlement was 4× higher during low discharge than during high discharge when oyster larvae only settled in higher salinity regions (EMS). (mblwhoilibrary.org)
  • We have identified genes that show different levels of expression in a comparison of wild-type L2 or L3 larvae (non-dauer) to TGFβ mutants at similar developmental stages undergoing dauer formation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition to long generation-times, increased temperatures threaten the dispersal potential of larvae because higher temperatures cause the larval-development-stage to be passed through more rapidly. (wow-shine.org)
  • The lack of a significant IBD suggests infrequent long-distance dispersal is also likely and this is further supported by oceanographic particle dispersal modelling, which shows that larvae could be transported over large distances by ocean currents. (edu.au)
  • However, the high prevalence and intensity of U. australis on C. rogercresseyi suggest they have developed dispersal strategies to compensate for the lack of a free-living larval stage. (ucsc.cl)
  • The effects of hydrodynamic cues associated with turbulent flows on larval behavior are relatively well understood in the context of selective tidal stream transport (STST) phenomena during the dispersed (pelagic) larval stages preceding benthic settlement. (frontiersin.org)
  • Freshwater-dominated estuaries experience large fluctuations in their physical and chemical environments which may influence larval dispersal, settlement, and connectivity of populations with pelagic larval stages. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
  • Changes in larval swimming kinematics show a distinct response to shear flows in all orientations relative to no-flow conditions, and the macro effect of these changes is to enhance depth-keeping and induce area-restricted search behaviors. (frontiersin.org)
  • With information from 1-3 we will use biophysical modeling, which includes larval behavior and ocean transport, to test hypotheses about how evolution of specific larval behaviors enhancing recruitment also may provide opportunities for local adaptations through reduced gene flow with distant populations. (gu.se)
  • In these ways, dauer behavior is reminiscent of larval behaviors during the intermolt lethargus periods ( Cassada and Russell, 1975 ). (wormatlas.org)
  • However, this approach is seriously impeded by lack of information on dispersal and connectivity between habitats, the value of the ecosystem services, and methods to integrate this information in management. (gu.se)
  • We also assessed if TE ratios compared between adult (TE natal signature proxy) and larval shells could infer connectivity. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
  • Connectivity results (May-June 2016 only) suggest that EMS is an important larval source to EMS and lower MB. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
  • While we were able to infer probable connectivity patterns using adult and larval shells, more study is needed to assess the utility of adult shells as proxies for natal-location TE signatures. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
  • Results provide a baseline for measuring future larval connectivity and adult distribution changes in the MB-EMS system. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
  • Although indirect evidences (genetic and lipid markers) suggest that their larval stages disperse widely and support large scale connectivity, larval life and mechanisms underlying dispersal are unknown in alvinocaridids. (ifremer.fr)
  • Recent studies of connectivity in marine populations have suggested that larval retention and local recruitment are more common than previously considered. (edu.au)
  • Here we used genetic data to investigate the scale of connectivity and patterns of recruitment in the abalone Haliotis coccoradiata, a broadcast spawner with a short larval stage. (edu.au)
  • now they may return directly to the water or it is thought they may disperse by flight at this stage. (ukbeetles.co.uk)
  • For Brachyuran crabs whose life history includes a dispersed larval stage preceding benthic settlement, a predominant behavioral mode is depth-regulation that enables diel, tidal (endogenous), and ontogenetic (larval stage-specific) vertical migrations. (frontiersin.org)
  • Specifically, we (1) tested how freshwater inputs and associated environmental attributes influenced settlement patterns during high and low discharge conditions in 2014 and 2016, respectively, and (2) analyzed trace element (TE) ratios incorporated into multiple shell types (larval and settled shell of spat and adult shells) to determine if shells collected in situ incorporate temporally stable site-specific signatures. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
  • Further, to ascertain whether or not the spatial orientation of the shear layers relative to gravity significantly affected larval behavior, assays were conducted in upwelling, downwelling, and horizontal shear flows, corresponding to the direction of the bulk flow produced by the jet. (frontiersin.org)
  • Dispersal trajectories of pelagic zooplankton are fundamentally influenced by both individual behavior and physical forcing ( Woodson and McManus, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Or, depending on the goals of the particular larval stage, they can gain net transport seaward with the opposite behavior. (frontiersin.org)
  • Under this scenario, we evaluated the dispersal behavior of juveniles and adults of S. algosus as a potential response to competition with P. purpuratus. (anid.cl)
  • Winged adults have high dispersal and colonization rates allowing them to quickly establish populations in various growing media. (arbico-organics.com)
  • The locations were ranked according to each metric and those with higher larval export rates, a higher diversity of larval sources and a high degree of successful larval contribution to other sites were deemed crucial for the management of wild populations. (frontiersin.org)
  • Larval exchange is considered ecologically relevant if the demography of local populations is impacted by the transport between two sites ( Cowen and Sponaugle, 2009 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Although we detected weak but significant genetic differentiation (F ST ) between populations over a scale of approximately 1000 km, the pattern did not fit an isolation-by-distance (IBD) model, suggesting relatively long dispersal distances. (edu.au)
  • Development is arrested after the second larval molt, and the third-stage larva that is formed is structurally and behaviorally specialized for dispersal and long-term survival. (biomedcentral.com)
  • My current research addresses questions concerning how freshwater and marine invertebrates fertilize their eggs, how fertilized eggs develop into different life cycle stages (e.g., larva, juvenile, and adult), and how larval dispersal affects geographic genetic diversity. (stlawu.edu)
  • However, individual-based multilocus spatial autocorrelation identified fine-scale genetic structure within a range of 20 km, suggesting short distance dispersal and local recruitment. (edu.au)
  • To understand genetic relatedness and geographic dispersal of SLEV in the western United States since 2015, we sequenced four historical genomes (3 from California and 1 from Louisiana) and 26 contemporary SLEV genomes from mosquito pools from locations across the western US. (cdc.gov)
  • We describe the distribution and abundance of larval stages of Munida gregaria , Neotrypaea uncinata and Sergestes arcticus , captured during five oceanographic cruises realized in the fjords and channels of southern Chile, located between Puerto Montt (41°30'S) and Laguna San Rafael (46°30'S). (lajar.cl)
  • Based on the presence of different water masses, three oceanographic areas were characterized, in which the abundance and the frequency of occurrence of the larval stages were determined. (lajar.cl)
  • After the eggs hatch, the green shield bug enter a larval stage (which is really their first nymphal stage) where, in general, they remain together in sibling communities. (wildlifeklimek.com)
  • The larval stage is followed by four more nymphal stages as well as moulting between each one. (wildlifeklimek.com)
  • The green shield bug displays different colouration during each nymphal stage, light brown, black or green-black, and in the final stage, the imago, is bright green with short wings. (wildlifeklimek.com)
  • These ticks can attach and feed on birds during their larval and nymphal stages in life [5]. (diseasedaily.org)
  • Larval ticks were infected using an immersion technique, and transstadial transmission of virus to the nymphal and then to the adult stages was demonstrated. (cdc.gov)
  • Although lecithotrophy in decapod crustaceans is usually associated with abbreviated larval development, as a mechanism of larval retention, morphological and physiological evidences suggest the occurrence of an extended and lecithotrophic larval stage in the Alvinocarididae. (ifremer.fr)
  • Given the topography of the Western United States, these routes may have been limited by mountain ranges that influence the movement of avian reservoirs and mosquito vectors, which probably represents the primary mechanism of SLEV dispersal. (cdc.gov)
  • Unionids typically require fish hosts for glochidial (larval) dispersal and transformation to the juvenile stage. (usgs.gov)
  • The infective juvenile, a 3rd larval stage analogous to the C. elegans dauer, migrates towards warm temperatures, which may signify the presence of a susceptible host animal. (wormatlas.org)
  • The flow was quantified using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and tuned to produce ecologically-relevant hydrodynamic conditions for larval assays. (frontiersin.org)
  • Mussels' high dispersal ability throughout the whole benthic phase may not only serve to reach the optimal physiological position in the intertidal, but also to reduce competition interaction. (anid.cl)
  • The absence of a planktonic oncomiracidium stage in the life cycle of udonellids may limit their dispersal ability. (ucsc.cl)
  • Zoea is a free-swimming larval stage of crustaceans, particularly crabs and shrimp. (world-english.org)
  • The zoea stage is characterized by a small, transparent, flattened body with a large cephalothorax and a long abdomen. (world-english.org)
  • The zoea is highly vulnerable to predation during its free-swimming stage. (world-english.org)
  • The zoea is a fascinating stage in the life cycle of crustaceans that has been studied extensively by marine biologists. (world-english.org)
  • The zoea stage is followed by the megalopa stage, which is characterized by the development of legs and other adult features. (world-english.org)
  • Distribution of larval traits along the phylogenetic reconstruction of the Alvinocarididae and related families suggest that lecithotrophy/planktotrophy and extended/abbreviated development have evolved independently along related families in all potential combinations. (ifremer.fr)
  • My research interests include: biohydrodynamics, larval ecology, ecological & evolutionary effects of dispersal, chemical ecology, effects of biodiversity loss and design of Marine Protected Areas. (gu.se)
  • Dauer animals fail to respond to noxious heat, whereas when dauers later recover to the L4 or adult stages, their response to noxious heat reverts to normal. (wormatlas.org)
  • In this paper, the authors reported the first transoceanic dispersal record of the western Pacific hydroid Sertularella mutsuensis Stechow, 1931, and discussed the taxonomic and ecological implications of this occurrence. (royalbcmuseum.bc.ca)
  • In addition, undeveloped mouthparts and the large amount of lipid reserves strongly support the occurrence of primary lecithotrophy in the early stage of alvinocaridids. (ifremer.fr)
  • The life cycle of moths and butterflies is a fascinating process that involves four distinct stages: the egg stage, the larval stage, the pupal stage, and the adult stage. (pineandpalettestudios.com)
  • Butterflies have evolved in unison with the evolution of flowering plants (angiosperms), and the larval stages of butterflies are almost entirely dependent on flowering plants as a food source. (sabutterflies.org.au)
  • The traditional view is that the expected long-distance larval dispersal in the ocean leads to weak population differentiation and little opportunity for local adaptations. (gu.se)
  • We present a model of larval dispersal along a coastline that incorporates marine currents, life stages, dispersal modes, and moving suitable habitat (as a proxy for climate change). (confex.com)
  • On a broader scale, the designation of closely related clusters and incorporation of habitat requirements to dispersal data provided critical input for the delineation of ecologically meaningful management units for sea cucumbers within the region. (frontiersin.org)
  • Dispersal also occurs in both the adult and larval stages by drifting with the current and this is mostly nocturnal. (ukbeetles.co.uk)
  • The dispersal of udonellids among copepods occurs through both intraspecific and interspecific processes. (ucsc.cl)
  • In the oceans, marine current regimes can create strong biogeographic barriers by inhibiting larval dispersal in one or both directions along a coastline. (confex.com)
  • A passive larval dispersal model was run under four monsoonal regimes (Northeast monsoon, dry-transition, Southwest monsoon, and early Northeast monsoon), and the results subjected to the Infomap network detection algorithm. (frontiersin.org)
  • Simple computer simulations in which all dispersal was restricted to within this scale (mean 10 km) suggested that a significant IBD result would most likely be generated under such a dispersal scenario. (edu.au)
  • Intraspecific dispersal seems to be more dependent on the number of udonellids per fish than on copepod abundance, as observed for interspecific dispersal. (ucsc.cl)
  • Possible amphi-Atlantic dispersal of Scyllarus lobsters (Crustacea: Scyllaridae): molecular and larval evidence. (wikimedia.org)
  • This method of vector dispersal is far reaching as African H. rufipes ticks have even been found in as far north as Norway [5]. (diseasedaily.org)
  • Rabbits fed on by infected ticks of all active life stages developed high titers of antibody to the virus, demonstrating host exposure to BRBV antigens/live virus during tick blood feeding. (cdc.gov)
  • Two recessive and complementing mutant lines of C. savignyi , immaculate and s potless , that specifically disrupt the pigmentation of the sensory organs during larval development are described. (silverchair.com)
  • However, the Alvinocarididae is the only taxa with a combination of lecithotrophy and extended larval development. (ifremer.fr)
  • Three routes of SLEV dispersal in the western United States were identified: Arizona to southern California, Arizona to Central California, and Arizona to all locations east of the Sierra Nevada mountains. (cdc.gov)
  • This means that its life cycle includes sexual reproduction via male and female plants (known as gametophytes) that produce gametes, and spore producing asexual stages (known as tetrasporophytes). (marlin.ac.uk)