Disorders basal ganglia. Medical search. Frequent questions

Clinical manifestations of slowness, stiffness, resting tremor, depression, and cognitive impairment involve diseases of the basal ganglia direct pathway that include Parkinson's disease and Parkinsonism. (functionalneurologyseminars.com)
Differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and other Parkinsonism disorders will be provided. (functionalneurologyseminars.com)
In this review, we consider anatomical and functional concepts of the basal ganglia relevant to our understanding of DBS mechanisms, as well as our current understanding of the pathophysiology of two of the most commonly DBS-treated conditions, Parkinson's disease and dystonia. (foundationdystoniaresearch.org)
Although both Huntington's disease and Parkinson's disease involve the basal ganglia, the two diseases have different causes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Parkinson's disease affects a part of the brain's basal ganglia known as the substantia nigra. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The book also discusses compromised dopamine-glutamate interaction in disorders of basal ganglia function, including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and drug addiction. (hoepli.it)
Individuals living with the movement disorder Parkinson's disease have an increased risk of developing RLS. (nih.gov)
The In Vivo Neurobiology Group uses advanced imaging techniques to study the brain circuits involved in voluntary movement and to develop novel methods for diagnosing and treating neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease. (nih.gov)
A scientist assesses the potential of stem cell therapies for treating such brain disorders as stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. (mit.edu)
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Parkinson's disease is a chronic, disabling neurologic disorder causing resting tremor, muscular rigidity, bradykinesia and impairment of gait. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
The efficacy of new treatments such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) to the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) highlights the fact that Parkinson's disease is a network disorder, involving alteration of the dynamics within and between the nuclei of the basal ganglia, the thalamus and the cortex. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Modulation of beta oscillations occurs with normal movement, and exaggeration of beta oscillations in the basal ganglia and cortex are characteristic of Parkinson's disease. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Broader Impact: Dysfunction of cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic loop has been implicated in other disorders of importance on both the individual and societal levels including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, Huntington's disease, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, addiction, Tourette's syndrome, dystonias and dyskinesias. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Defining the micro-circuitry of the cortio-basal ganglia-thalamic loop is not only a critical step towards understanding alternative therapeutic interventions in Parkinson's disease, it has the potential to advance new therapeutic options for individuals with other disorders with basal ganglia involvement. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease (AD), with an overall prevalence of 300 per 100,000 [ 1 ] that rises from 41 in the 40-49 years' age range to 1903 in people older than age of 80 years [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
The focus of the current review is on Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease as they are the most investigated hypokinetic and hyperkinetic movement disorders, respectively. (nih.gov)
Our research aims at developing new symptomatic treatments for disorders of basal ganglia origin, particularly Parkinson's disease (PD). (cnrs.fr)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by motor deficits such as slowness in movement, difficulty in initiating movement and tremor at rest. (lu.se)
Parkinson's Disease is a neurodegenerative disorder where the dopamine producing neurons in the ventral mesencephalon (VM) progressively die and result in symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, slowness and difficulties in initiating movements. (lu.se)

The main functional components of the basal ganglia include the striatum, consisting of both the dorsal striatum (caudate nucleus and putamen) and the ventral striatum (nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle), the globus pallidus, the ventral pallidum, the substantia nigra, and the subthalamic nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
The available evidence suggests that the effects of DBS are strongly dependent on targeting sensorimotor portions of specific nodes of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical motor circuit, that is, the subthalamic nucleus and the internal segment of the globus pallidus. (foundationdystoniaresearch.org)
Leveraging the opportunity to directly access the subthalamic nucleus of the basal ganglia in humans undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery, we here combine invasive electrophysiological recordings, electrical stimulation and computational modelling of perceptual decision-making. (nature.com)
Among possible targets, the non-motor subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a key node of the basal ganglia circuitry, strongly connected to limbic cortical areas known to be involved in OCD. (bmj.com)

Experimental studies show that the basal ganglia exert an inhibitory influence on a number of motor systems, and that a release of this inhibition permits a motor system to become active. (wikipedia.org)
Our results show that the basal ganglia independently control the speed of decisions and movement for each hemisphere during adaptive behavior. (nature.com)

In this article, we present a very rare case of bilateral sigmoid sinus atresia with most of the cerebral venous drainage through the prominent mastoid emissary vein to a plexus of dilated scalp veins, presenting as a posterior auricular mass lesion and, more unusually, with a combination of basal ganglia and cerebral calcification. (ajnr.org)
Information from the cerebral cortex and thalamus is conveyed to basal ganglia nuclei via glutamate release, while dopamine from the midbrain is released in close proximity to glutamate. (hoepli.it)
Red bi-directional arrows are used to signify the predominantly inhibitory linkages between any given area of cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia. (scholarpedia.org)
The basal ganglia are located interior to the cerebral cortex, and they receive prominent input from essentially all of the pallium, both isocortex and allocortex (Swanson 2000). (scholarpedia.org)
Conversely, the basal ganglia (the interconnected areas below the cerebral cortex) regulates emotions and behavior, like emotive swearing. (skepchick.org)
Subsequently, the patient's hypothalamic disorder emerged as a component of a steroid-responsive relapsing encephalomyelitis with cerebral pathology restricted to the basal ganglia and brainstem. (researchgate.net)
In contrast to Huntington disease (HD), the major inherited choreiform disorder of adults, the cerebral cortex and corpus callosum are relatively spared. (medscape.com)

The basal ganglia (BG), or basal nuclei, are a group of subcortical nuclei found in the brains of vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
They propose to extend this model to include mathematical models of each of the nuclei of the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic loop. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
The results of the combined mathematical and experimental work will promote insight into the networks both within and between the nuclei of the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic loop that support the propagation of beta rhythms in the normal dopamine state and the alterations that occur to these networks in the parkinsonian state. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)

Their dysfunction results in a wide range of neurological conditions including disorders of behaviour control and movement, as well as cognitive deficits that are similar to those that result from damage to the prefrontal cortex. (wikipedia.org)
However, prior studies have primarily focused on biological tissues outside of the basal ganglia, despite the known relevancy of this brain region in motor and cognitive dysfunction associated with PD and LBD. (mdpi.com)
At the heart of both function and dysfunction of basal ganglia circuits is the interaction of these two neurotransmitters, dopamine and glutamate.Elucidating the relationship between their molecular and cellular effects and behavioural significance has been challenging, but in the past 5-10 years, improved labeling, imaging, recording, and genetic manipulation approaches have yielded new information on how dopamine and glutamate interact to generate the circuit activity underpinning basal ganglia function. (hoepli.it)
is brain dysfunction that is characterized by basal ganglia dopaminergic blockade and that is similar to Parkinson disease, but it is caused by something other than Parkinson disease (eg, drugs, cerebrovascular disease, trauma, postencephalitic changes). (msdmanuals.com)
Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) Multiple system atrophy is a relentlessly progressive neurodegenerative disorder causing pyramidal, cerebellar, and autonomic dysfunction. (msdmanuals.com)

Module Four: Peripheral Vestibular Disorder and Cerebellum Disorders with Applications - Online registration available HERE . (functionalneurologyseminars.com)
Module Five: Central Vestibular Disorders and Cerebellum Disorders with Applications - Online registration available HERE . (functionalneurologyseminars.com)
First, underestimation of time was exaggerated in PD when timing depended on controlled attention (AV), whereas subtle deficits were found when audition dominated and attention was more easily sustained (VA). Second, group differences in regional activation were observed only for the AV-unimodal comparison, where the PD group failed to modulate basal ganglia, anterior insula, and inferior cerebellum activity in accord with the timing condition. (brill.com)
Overview of Movement and Cerebellar Disorders Voluntary movement requires complex interaction of the corticospinal (pyramidal) tracts, basal ganglia, and cerebellum (the center for motor coordination) to ensure smooth, purposeful movement. (msdmanuals.com)

Many features of these disorders are due to degeneration of the basal ganglia, a part of the brain that controls movement. (nih.gov)
We hypothesize that degeneration of subcortical regions, including the basal ganglia, is associated with damage of white matter tracts linking these affected regions. (frontiersin.org)
PD has been traditionally considered as a pure movement disorder secondary to focal degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, but, in recent years, the clinical phenotype has been better illuminated, showing that PD is a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder with motor and nonmotor features (Table 1 ) [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Degeneration of the basal ganglia is a consistent feature of this disorder. (medscape.com)

The basal ganglia have a limbic sector whose components are assigned distinct names: the nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, and ventral tegmental area (VTA). (wikipedia.org)

Deep Brain Stimulation for Movement Disorders of Basal Ganglia Origin: Restoring Function or Functionality? (foundationdystoniaresearch.org)
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is highly effective for both hypo- and hyperkinetic movement disorders of basal ganglia origin. (foundationdystoniaresearch.org)
Since the implementation of deep-brain stimulation as a therapy for movement disorders, there has been little progress in the clinical application of novel alternative treatments. (nih.gov)

In the entry basal ganglia , anatomy and physiology are reviewed and the conclusion is reached that the two essential functions of the basal ganglia are action selection and reinforcement learning . (scholarpedia.org)
The anatomy and physiology of the basal ganglia and their relation to brain and behavior, disorders and therapies, and philosophy of mind and moral values. (mit.edu)

In contrast to the cortical layer that lines the surface of the forebrain, the basal ganglia are a collection of distinct masses of gray matter lying deep in the brain not far from the junction of the thalamus. (wikipedia.org)
When intersensory timing emphasized controlled attention, patients showed weakened connectivity of the cortico-thalamus-basal ganglia (CTBG) circuit and the anterior insula with widespread cortical regions, yet enhanced cerebellar connectivity. (brill.com)

There were also diffuse calcifications on the bilateral basal ganglia and subcortical white matter in CT scan ( Fig 2 ). (ajnr.org)
Noncontrast axial CT scan shows diffuse calcification on the bilateral basal ganglia and subcortical white matter. (ajnr.org)

Furthermore, Huntington's disease is an autosomal dominant disorder . (medicalnewstoday.com)

Those of behaviour include Tourette syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addiction. (wikipedia.org)
These can include mood changes and mental health conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) , bipolar disorder , and mania . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been linked to functional abnormalities in fronto-striatal networks as well as impairments in decision making and learning. (cambridge.org)
Background Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a major cause of disability in western country and responsible for severe impairment of quality of life. (bmj.com)

Whole-brain volumes and basal ganglia volumes (caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen) were derived from structural MRI scans using automated tissue segmentation. (upf.edu)

Module Eight: Basal Ganglia and Hyperkinetic Disorders with Applications - Online registration available HERE . (functionalneurologyseminars.com)
Hyperkinetic movement disorders involve increased movement. (clevelandclinic.org)
[11] The guidelines go on to state that the prevalence drops to 1.5% when using the stricter criteria for the ICD-10 diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorder , used mainly in Europe. (wikipedia.org)

The signs and symptoms of the various disorders appear to result from signature disordered activity in the basal ganglia output, which disrupts the activity in thalamocortical and brainstem networks. (foundationdystoniaresearch.org)

however, the two are not mutually exclusive as the phenomenon of anosognosia can occur with temporoparietal, thalamic, or basal ganglia lesions, as well as in psychiatric disorders. (nih.gov)
The search for alternative therapies has begun to focus on the interactions of networks within the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic loop. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Intellectual Merit: This proposed research is designed to characterize the network dynamics that allow the propagation of beta oscillations through the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic loop in both the normal and parkinsonian states. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Thus, we seek to understand the networks supporting transmission of beta oscillations in the normal cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic loop and then determine how the network interactions are altered to allow the exaggeration and abnormal propagation of beta oscillations in the parkinsonian state. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
The research proposed here will make use of their model of striatal beta rhythm generation to understand the propagation of beta oscillations throughout the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic loop in both the normal and low dopamine states. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)

This course presents a detailed review of basal ganglia neurophysiology and clinical expressions. (functionalneurologyseminars.com)
The clinical use of DBS is, in part, empiric, based on the experience with prior surgical ablative therapies for these disorders, and, in part, driven by scientific discoveries made decades ago. (foundationdystoniaresearch.org)
This article describes the epidemiological factors that have contributed to the reemergence of these disorders and summarizes the clinical features, microbiological diagnosis, and strategies for treatment or prevention of congenital rubella and congenital syphilis. (researchgate.net)
The aim of this article is to provide a concise review of the clinical characteristics of this complex disorder. (researchgate.net)
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ( DSM-5 ), the leading authority in the US on clinical diagnosis, ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a prevalence rate in most cultures of about 5% in children and 2.5% in adults. (wikipedia.org)
Clinical trials are studies that allow us to learn more about disorders and improve care. (nih.gov)
Consider participating in a clinical trial so clinicians and scientists can learn more about neuroacanthocytosis and related disorders. (nih.gov)
Clinical research uses human volunteers to help researchers learn more about a disorder and perhaps find better ways to safely detect, treat, or prevent disease. (nih.gov)
DYSKINESIAS (most notably involuntary movements and alterations of the rate of movement) represent the primary clinical manifestations of these disorders. (bvsalud.org)

The substantia nigra is the source of the striatal input of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which plays an important role in basal ganglia function. (wikipedia.org)
Dopamine-Glutamate Interactions in the Basal Ganglia synthesizes this recent research from the level of receptor molecules all the way to complex behaviours and disease. (hoepli.it)
Impaired Dopamine-Glutamate Receptor Interactions in Some Neurological Disorders. (hoepli.it)
The basal ganglia uses the brain chemical dopamine to produce smooth, purposeful muscle activity and movement. (nih.gov)

Occlusion of the bilateral transverse-sigmoid sinus is rare, which may be idiopathic or caused by various disorders such as thrombosis and syndromic craniosynostoses. (ajnr.org)
Restless legs syndrome (RLS)-also known as Willis-Ekbom Disease, primary RLS, and idiopathic RLS- is a neurological disorder that causes unpleasant or uncomfortable sensations in your legs and an irresistible urge to move them. (nih.gov)

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PAHs on basal ganglia volumes and ADHD symptoms in school children. (upf.edu)
The signs and symptoms of biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease usually begin between the ages of 3 and 10, but the disorder can appear at any age. (medlineplus.gov)
Herein, a family cohort all with bipolar disorder is described and their symptoms correlated with findings on the individual SPECT brain scans. (frontiersin.org)
RLS is both a sleep disorder, because the symptoms are triggered by resting and attempting to sleep, and a movement disorder, because people with RLS are forced to move their legs in order to relieve symptoms. (nih.gov)
You might experience remissions-periods in which symptoms decrease or disappear for weeks or months-usually during the early stages of the disorder. (nih.gov)
[3] [4] Most healthcare providers accept ADHD as a genuine disorder, at least in the small number of people with severe symptoms. (wikipedia.org)

Biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease is a disorder that affects the nervous system, including a group of structures in the brain called the basal ganglia, which help control movement. (medlineplus.gov)
Without early and lifelong vitamin treatment, people with biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease experience a variety of neurological problems that gradually get worse. (medlineplus.gov)
Many of the neurological problems that can occur in biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease affect movement, and can include involuntary tensing of various muscles (dystonia), muscle rigidity, muscle weakness on one or both sides of the body (hemiparesis or quadriparesis), problems coordinating movements (ataxia), and exaggerated reflexes (hyperreflexia). (medlineplus.gov)
Biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease is caused by mutations in the SLC19A3 gene. (medlineplus.gov)
Jankovic J. Parkinson disease and other movement disorders. (medlineplus.gov)
Dysfun-ction can result in movement disorders like Parkin-son's disease. (cheatography.com)
We performed an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis on voxel-based morphometry studies reporting decreased grey matter in 14 neurological and 10 psychiatric disorders, and compared the regional and network-level alterations for these two classes of disease. (nih.gov)
Parkinson disease is a slowly progressive, degenerative disorder characterized by resting tremor, stiffness (rigidity), slow and decreased movement (bradykinesia), and eventually gait and/or postural instability. (msdmanuals.com)

[1] Anosognosia can manifest transdiagnostically as it is extant in both psychiatric and neurologic disorders. (nih.gov)

Fourth, based on an observation of surely gene-disruptive pzDNM in a known neurodevelopmental disorder gene in BD, we perform a systematic survey of pzDNMs in BD. (nature.com)
The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive description of the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of ARF1-related neurodevelopmental disorder. (bvsalud.org)

We investigated neural mechanisms of decision making in OCD patients, including early and late onset of disorder, in terms of reward prediction errors (RPEs) using functional magnetic resonance imaging. (cambridge.org)
Her research interests include the neural circuitry of the basal ganglia and circuit mechanisms underlying movement disorders. (massgeneral.org)

The following table demonstrates this developmental classification and traces it to the anatomic structures found in the basal ganglia. (wikipedia.org)
The structures relevant to the basal ganglia are shown in bold. (wikipedia.org)
The basal ganglia are a set of structures deep in the brain. (medlineplus.gov)

Bipolar disorder is a severe mental illness characterized by recurrent manic and depressive episodes. (nature.com)
To better understand its genetic architecture, we analyze ultra-rare de novo mutations in 354 trios with bipolar disorder. (nature.com)
These data collectively indicate the contributions of both germline and postzygotic mutations to the risk of bipolar disorder, supporting the hypothesis that postzygotic mutations of developmental disorder genes may contribute to bipolar disorder. (nature.com)
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common and severe neuropsychiatric disorder afflicting the patients and their families with depressive/manic episodes. (nature.com)
It is estimated that 50-90% of patients with schizophrenia and 40% of patients with bipolar disorder demonstrate anosognosia or severe lack of insight. (nih.gov)
Bipolar disorder is a significant mental illness affecting over 4 million people in North America and approximately 46 million worldwide. (frontiersin.org)
While the onset of bipolar disorder is typically in late adolescence and early adulthood, the correct diagnosis can be delayed for several years. (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, prolonged untreated or inappropriately treated bipolar disorder may cause damage to the brain. (frontiersin.org)
These findings support two distinct patterns of SPECT perfusion scan changes that can be found in individuals with bipolar disorder. (frontiersin.org)
In addition, these findings indicate that SPECT scan findings may be predictive of individual risk for progressing to symptomatic bipolar disorder. (frontiersin.org)
While preliminary, the findings in this cohort support the need for larger, diverse cohort studies of bipolar and control subjects to assess the predictive value of these particular SPECT perfusion findings in bipolar disorder. (frontiersin.org)
Bipolar disorder is a spectrum of mood disorders with significant morbidity. (frontiersin.org)
Bipolar disorder has a prevalence of 1%, which equates to approximately 46 million patients worldwide ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
This diagnostic delay can take on more serious consequences in the case of early-onset bipolar disorder among children. (frontiersin.org)

In the classic form of the disorder, central nervous system pathologic features include atrophy of the caudate and putamen and, to a lesser extent, the globus pallidus and substantia nigra. (medscape.com)

What is considered a movement disorder? (clevelandclinic.org)
Damage to or malfunction of the areas of your brain that control movement results in a movement disorder. (clevelandclinic.org)
A movement disorder can have both of these or just one. (clevelandclinic.org)
Chorea is a movement disorder that causes involuntary, unpredictable muscle movements. (clevelandclinic.org)
Sydenham chorea is a movement disorder that occurs after infection with specific bacteria called group A streptococcus. (medlineplus.gov)
In a detailed pathophysiological study, the well-described choreiform movement disorder of NA has been described coexisting with an associated peripheral neuropathy in a patient without acanthocytosis. (medscape.com)

Current insights from research on individual neurons and synapses, detailed circuit analysis, and learning and action functions of the basal ganglia are presented against a historical perspective. (hoepli.it)
Circuits and circuit disorders of the basal ganglia. (bvsalud.org)

The "behavior switching" that takes place within the basal ganglia is influenced by signals from many parts of the brain, including the prefrontal cortex, which plays a key role in executive functions. (wikipedia.org)

However, synuclein can accumulate in many other parts of the nervous system, including the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, basal nucleus of Meynert, hypothalamus, neocortex, olfactory bulb, sympathetic ganglia, and myenteric plexus of the gastrointestinal tract. (msdmanuals.com)

whereas cingulate, medial frontal, superior frontal and occipital cortex showed greater impairment in psychiatric disorders. (nih.gov)

a brain magnetic resonance imaging study was consistent with basal ganglia injury. (cdc.gov)
MRI of the brain frequently showed abnormalities consistent with a neuronal migration disorder. (bvsalud.org)

The two classes of disorders affected distinct functional networks. (nih.gov)

This information is provided to help facilitate collaborations among investigators interested in the Genetics and Epigenetics of Substance Use Disorders. (nih.gov)

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been proposed as environmental risk factors for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). (upf.edu)
Despite the scientifically well-established nature of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), its diagnosis, and its treatment, [1] each of these has been controversial since the 1970s. (wikipedia.org)

They both involve a brain structure known as the basal ganglia and can affect a person's movement, mental health , and cognitive (thinking) ability. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Movement disorders are a group of neurological conditions, which are characterised with impairment of voluntary movement and share similar anatomical loci across the basal ganglia. (nih.gov)

Some of these models are anatomically and physiologically constrained, whereas others are abstract but are nevertheless motivated by behavioral functions of the basal ganglia. (scholarpedia.org)

There is little evidence to suggest that DBS in patients with movement disorders restores normal basal ganglia functions (e.g., their role in movement or reinforcement learning). (foundationdystoniaresearch.org)

The basal ganglia are involved in complex brain functions, from voluntary movement control to learning and reward processing, and they are implicated in numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders. (hoepli.it)

Velocardiofacial syndrome, also called Shprintzen syndrome or DiGeorge sequence, is one of the most common genetic disorders in humans. (researchgate.net)

Reductions in fixel-derived metrics occurs in major white matter tracts, noticeably in corpus callosum, internal capsule, and the corticospinal tract, which were closely co-localized with the regions of increased diffusivity in basal ganglia. (frontiersin.org)

Elucidate the structure, dynamics and functions of intrinsically disordered proteins and protein regions (IDPs/IDRs) and their biological regulation by Post-translational modifications. (upstate.edu)

Movement disorders are a group of neurological conditions that cause abnormal movements. (clevelandclinic.org)
Movement disorders cause abnormal, unwanted movements. (clevelandclinic.org)

The largest component, the striatum (dorsal and ventral), receives input from various brain areas but only sends output to other components of the basal ganglia. (wikipedia.org)

In these individuals, the neurological problems are usually limited to dystonia, seizure disorders, and delay in the development of mental and motor skills (psychomotor delay). (medlineplus.gov)

In this disorder, abnormalities affect several parts of the brain. (medlineplus.gov)

Stereotypies can be a feature of many conditions, including autism spectrum disorder and Rett syndrome. (clevelandclinic.org)

All of the syndromes under the NA umbrella are distinguished from the Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder of childhood in which abetalipoproteinemia and acanthocytosis occur along with steatorrhea, retinitis pigmentosa, and cerebellar ataxia. (medscape.com)

During that time, she volunteered at a children's respite care facility which inspired her to attend graduate school to study rare pediatric brain disorders. (nationwidechildrens.org)
Dr. Marks is the Chief Medical Officer and Co-Founder of Nexus NeuroTech, dedicated to advancing breakthrough technologies for brain disorders. (stanford.edu)

Group A streptococcus bacteria can react with a part of the brain called the basal ganglia to cause this disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
Neuroacanthocytosis refers to a group of genetic conditions that are characterized by movement disorders and acanthocytosis (abnormal, spiculated or star-shaped red blood cells). (nih.gov)

During development, the cells that migrate tangentially to form the basal ganglia are directed by the lateral and medial ganglionic eminences. (wikipedia.org)

After excluding carbon monoxide and heavy metal poisoning, anoxic brain injury, and metabolic disorders, the treating physicians attributed his neurologic findings to sulfuryl fluoride poisoning, manifested by basal ganglia necrosis. (cdc.gov)

Furthermore, while previous evidence from computational models and empirical studies suggests that the basal ganglia play an important role during adjustments of decision-making, it remains unclear how this is implemented. (nature.com)

Anatomy56

Organisms12

Diseases55

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Psychiatry and Psychology52

Phenomena and Processes22

Disciplines and Occupations3

Information Science3

Health Care8

Parkinson's19

Subthalamic nucleus4

Show that the basal ganglia2

Cerebral7

Nuclei3

Dysfunction5

Cerebellum4

Degeneration4

Limbic1

Deep Brain Stimu3

Anatomy and physio2

Thalamus2

Subcortical2

Huntington's1

Obsessive-compulsi4

Caudate nucleus1

Hyperkinetic3

Brainstem1

Thalamic5

Clinical9

Dopamine4

Idiopathic2

Symptoms6

Disease8

Neurologic disorders1

Neurodevelopmental disorder2

Neural2

Structures3

Bipolar disorder14

Putamen1

Movement disorder6

Circuit2

Behavior1

Olfactory1

Cortex1

Consistent2

Functional1

Genetics1

Attention deficit2

Involve1

Anatomical1

Abstract1

Reinforcement1

Voluntary1

Humans1

Corpus1

Functions1

Movements2

Dorsal1

Dystonia1

Abnormalities1

Autism spectrum1

Occur1

Brain disorders2

Group2

Ganglionic1

Metabolic disorders1

Suggests1