Diseases clone humans for reproductive. Medical search. Frequent questions

However, ethical problems were foreseen with the production by cloning of fully formed and functioning organs, as participants could not envisage how such organs could be made without first producing a cloned embryo and allowing it to grow, at least partially, through the fetal stage of development. (who.int)
increased public sensitivity and awareness together with the development of national regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general. (lifeissues.net)
An in-depth analysis aiming at re-defining this terminology according to the new developments in human embryo research would be highly beneficial . (lifeissues.net)
3. National regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general adopted so far confirm the convergence of views of the refusal to adopt legislation or guidelines permitting reproductive cloning , while they still show variations on the legitimacy of human cloning carried out as part of research agendas. (lifeissues.net)
And despite the sowing of deep Jesuitical doubts as to when a new human embryo begins to exist by the likes of many researchers, lawyers, theologians, and philosophers, or by the 1973 Roe vs. Wade decision, there really is no doubt or confusion as to when a new human embryo begins to exist -- and hasn't been for over 125 years. (lifeissues.net)
The first to study the human embryo systematically was Wilhelm His, Sr., who established the basis of reconstruction, i.e., the assembling of three-dimensional form from microscopic sections. (lifeissues.net)
In it the human embryo was studied as a whole for the first time. (lifeissues.net)
After many divisions in culture, this single cell forms a blastocyst (an early stage embryo with about 100 cells) with almost identical DNA to the original donor who provided the adult cell - a genetic clone. (eurostemcell.org)
Although reasonable people can disagree about the moral status and "personhood" of the embryo, the distinction drawn between therapeutic and reproductive cloning is sophistry. (commonwealmagazine.org)
The real issue is quite straightforward: Those in favor of therapeutic cloning believe that the potential good to be derived from the destruction of the embryo outweighs the fact that human life has been created only to be exploited and then destroyed. (commonwealmagazine.org)
It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)
When an embryo like this is implanted into a uterus, as with Dolly, the process is called reproductive cloning. (nih.gov)
In another strategy, called therapeutic cloning, the embryo can instead be used to create stem cells that are genetically identical to a patient. (nih.gov)
Since embryonic stem cells have the ability to form virtually any cell type in the body, those taken from a cloned embryo could potentially be used to treat many diseases. (nih.gov)
it cannot work properly, and so the cloned embryo grows in an uncontrolled way. (irfi.org)
Dr John Parrington, a cloning expert at University College London, pointed out that more than one gene behaved in a way that might cause problems in a growing cloned human embryo. (irfi.org)
On April 11, 2003, Washington Post Staff Writer, Rick Weiss, reported 'New research suggests that it may be a lot harder to clone people than to clone other animals, an unexpected scientific twist that could influence the escalating congressional debate over human cloning and embryo research. (irfi.org)
In the light of this information, Congress could settle for less stringent restrictions on embryo cloning studies, which scientists favor. (irfi.org)
But opponents of human embryo research were afraid that the new research not only identifies previously unrecognized hurdles to human cloning, but also points the way to overcoming those hurdles. (irfi.org)
To be sure, viewed through the lens of Jewish law, even the embryo outside the womb is human life. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
If implantation of the embryo is not contemplated, embryonic human life is static. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
Other than a tiny number of weird scientists, it's hard to find anyone who likes the idea of implanting a cloned embryo into a woman's womb, risking not only the health of the "mother" but almost certainly producing babies with birth defects. (wtnnews.com)
The idea of destroying the embryo is the reason why there are so many moral controversies with cloning. (mabuty.com)
… "embryo" means a human organism during the first 56 days of its development following fertilization or creation, excluding any time during which its development has been suspended, and includes any cell derived from such an organism that is used for the purpose of creating a human being. (hinxtongroup.org)
… "human clone" means an embryo that, as a result of the manipulation of human reproductive material or an in vitro embryo, contains a diploid set of chromosomes obtained from a single - living or deceased - human being, fetus, or embryo. (hinxtongroup.org)
Among the factors thought to contribute to the greater success in cloning cattle are the relatively late embryonic genome activation speciﬁc for this species [16 -18] and the optimization of reproductive technologies, such as in vitro embryo production and embryo transfer, brought about by the cattle industry [19]. (sibi.org)

Cloning, or somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), is the technique used to produce Dolly the sheep, the first animal to be produced as a genetic copy of another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
To produce Dolly, the cloned blastocyst was transferred into the womb of a recipient ewe, where it developed and when born quickly became the world's most famous lamb. (eurostemcell.org)
Researchers have been hoping to harness the therapeutic potential of cloning ever since the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1997. (nih.gov)
Even the world's most famous sheep clone, Dolly, who died recently suffered from problems linked to this gene. (irfi.org)
It seems that a little knowledge is a dangerous thing, and the authors have allowed themselves to over-interpretate their interesting results,' said Professor Ian Wilmut of the Roslin Institute, in Edinburgh, leader of the team, which cloned Dolly the sheep. (irfi.org)
Those were side effects during the process that led to the cloning of Dolly the sheep. (wtnnews.com)
But it was the successful cloning of Dolly the Sheep in 1996 that made waves around the world for she was the first mammal to be created using the procedure. (nyln.org)
Dolly the Sheep had to be put down when she was six years old because she suffered from progressive lung disease and severe arthritis. (nyln.org)
Twenty years have passed since Dolly the sheep was born by cloning (somatic cell nuclear transfer, SCNT) but the results of non-human mammalian cloning are very poor, and cause animal diseases and huge biological losses. (sibi.org)

Summary information is provided here on the outcome of the meetings held during the last three months of 1997, in which the ethical, scientific and social implications of cloning were discussed in relation to the potential biomedical applications of this technique in such areas of human health as reproductive health, xenotransplantation and medical genetics. (who.int)
The Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction organized a second interregional and interdisciplinary meeting on cloning (Geneva, 24 October 1997), in conjunction with a regular session of its Scientific and Ethical Review Group. (who.int)
No ethical problems were envisaged with the use of somatic cell nuclear transfer techniques which would lead directly to cloned differentiated cells or tissues such as skin, for future use by the nuclear donor. (who.int)
It is about time everyone acknowledged that the dehumanization of human sexuality is neither healthy nor ethical. (catholicleague.org)
Ethical issues common to human neural organoids, transplants, and chimeras include (1) the ethical value of relieving human suffering and disease, (2) concerns about encroachment on divine roles, and (3) ethical issues related to human donors of biological materials. (nationalacademies.org)
Modern genetics and technological aids to human reproduction, like other advances in science and technology, have created ethical problems heretofore unencountered. (encyclopedia.com)
This entry addresses these philosophical concerns as well as the more widely discussed ethical implications of contemporary genetics and reproductive technologies. (encyclopedia.com)
Are efforts to improve human intelligence, appearance, or other attributes by genetic means essentially different from the traditional methods of education, physical or mental training, or behavior modification (President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems 1982)? (encyclopedia.com)
Clonaid's claim to have produced the first human clones propelled the ethical debate about human cloning to the headlines last December. (reasons.org)
The bill also applies Federal ethical regulations on human subject research and outlaws the transfer of cloned embryos to a woman's uterus or to any artificial womb. (boloji.com)
As such, some nations have banned human cloning because of the ethical issues that might arise. (nyln.org)
A trick that persuades human eggs to divide as if they have been fertilised could provide a source of embryonic stem cells that sidesteps ethical objections to existing techniques. (newscientist.com)
This should remove the ethical objections that some people have to harvesting from donated human embryos. (newscientist.com)
This could eliminate one of the main sources of ethical controversy in this research," says Bob Lanza, head of research at the cloning company Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Massachusetts. (newscientist.com)
Cloning technology, however, is perceived as having the potential for reproductive cloning, which raises serious ethical and moral concerns. (who.int)

Culver said lifting the ban will "give hope to those suffering from diseases such as cancer, diabetes, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. (wikipedia.org)
2. Omitting that the diseases everyone is talking about curing (diabetes, Parkinson's, paralysis) have already been treated with adult stem cells. (alexchediak.com)
While there is a great deal published on the potential medical applications of stem cell research to treat or cure diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancer, and heart disease, much less has been published on the future impact of stem cell research in reproductive medicine. (jcpa.org)
Researchers said it could be a major step in understanding Parkinson's and motor neuron disease. (mentalfloss.com)
Scientists say the study opens opportunities for better understanding genes that trigger fatal diseases, like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, in humans. (mentalfloss.com)
Their ability to replicate and generate specialised cells and tissue holds the promise to treat degenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease, diabetes, leukaemia and spinal chord injury. (org.in)
This includes the creation of improved cellular models of diseases like Parkinson's disease. (oxplore.org)
Diseases or conditions that might be treated through stem cell therapy include Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, cardiac disease and spinal cord injuries. (ohsu.edu)

Just as with IVF, the babies are shown to be as healthy as babies born without assistive reproductive technologies. (discovermagazine.com)
This includes both reproductive cloning to make babies, and the creation of human embryos for use in medical research. (bioedonline.org)
According to them this difference arose about 70 million years ago to help control the size of babies in the wombs of very early human ancestors. (irfi.org)
The newly discovered obstacle makes it more likely than ever that rogue scientists' recent claims to have created cloned babies were fraud. (irfi.org)
just a few stories about scientists around the world who claim - falsely, of course - to have cloned babies. (wtnnews.com)
Many people feared that allowing research on cloning techniques would lead to the creation of cloned babies. (oxplore.org)
Three-parent babies are being created not to prevent disease but to manufacture genetic relationships. (thenewatlantis.com)
However, challenges include the exploitation of surrogates, unequal access to ART services, possibilities of cloning or genetic editing, and babies with multiple parents. (law.edu)

At the same time, the statement calls for a five-year moratorium on the use of cloning to create human embryos for research purposes. (boloji.com)
We propose that the parallel distinction should be drawn, and emphasised, in discussions of GE: we should distinguish between the gene editing of embryos for research purposes, and for reproductive purposes. (oxplore.org)

To date, no human embryonic stem cell lines have been derived using therapeutic cloning, so both these possibilities remain very much in the future. (eurostemcell.org)
Researchers reported in Nature on November 22, 2007, that they successfully isolated 2 embryonic stem cell lines from cloned embryos made using cells from the skin of an adult rhesus macaque. (nih.gov)

Therapeutic cloning, which advocates claim holds the promise of one day helping to develop cures for diseases such as Alzheimer's and spinal cord injuries, is widely supported within the scientific research community, and has recently been given the imprimatur of the National Academy of Sciences. (commonwealmagazine.org)
Focus on the molecular and cellular aspects of life sciences and join biological scientists striving to solve major global challenges such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, ageing, antibiotic resistance and sustainable food production. (leeds.ac.uk)

What is cloning, and what does it have to do with stem cell research? (eurostemcell.org)
This form of cloning is unrelated to stem cell research. (eurostemcell.org)
Last August, President George W. Bush announced his decision banning federal funding for stem-cell research that involved the destruction of living human embryos. (commonwealmagazine.org)
The commission's likely refusal to embrace cloning despite the medical potential of stem-cell research has aroused the ire of many who are impatient with arguments about when life begins. (commonwealmagazine.org)
In order to better appreciate the role of stem cell research in reproductive medicine, there is a need to understand the critical biological principles of stem cell research and its potential applications to medicine. (jcpa.org)
Stem cell research is, in part, a quest to understand cellular differentiation, the process by which a human being develops from one fertilized cell into a multicellular organism composed of over 200 different cell types - for example muscle, nerve, blood cell, or kidney. (jcpa.org)
American feminists and women's health activists are debating on the difficult issue of human cloning and stem cell research. (boloji.com)
except for the fact that the federal government's National Institutes of Health has spent about $40 million a year on human embryonic stem cell research for the last number of years. (blogspot.com)
Obama will more than likely support allowing the NIH to fund human embryonic stem cell research on cell lines created after 2001 but I doubt they'll be spending hundreds of millions on that small sliver of the pluripotent stem cell research pie. (blogspot.com)

Several participants reported interest among the scientific and medical communities of their countries and regions in the use of somatic cell nuclear transfer techniques to produce cloned human embryos for time-limited basic research on ageing and genetic diseases. (who.int)
The related concept of Longevity Determination , however, is the result of a species-specific genomic expression during early development that positions the somatic tissues of an organism to survive long after its reproductive period has been completed. (agemed.org)
The technique used by Drs. Mitalipov, Paula Amato, M.D. , and their colleagues in OHSU's Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, is a variation of a commonly used method called somatic cell nuclear transfer, or SCNT. (ohsu.edu)
Several years of monkey studies that utilize somatic cell nuclear transfer have never successfully produced monkey clones. (ohsu.edu)
I believe that the reprogramming errors are not the only cause of these low rates of cloning: the mammalian SCNT fails with a very high frequency mainly due to the damage that the technique itself inflicts in the egg and the somatic nucleus, and the very few successful cases occur only when the damage is not significant. (sibi.org)
True cloning performed by nuclear transfer from an adult and differentiated somatic cell to a previously enucleated egg (somatic cell nuclear transfer, SCNT), gives rise to a new cell, the nuclovulo (nucleus+ovum), distinct from the zygote because the sperm is not involved in its creation, while both can develop as embryos and give rise to offspring. (sibi.org)
This cell then has therapeutic cloning: the global the capacity to divide and grow into an exact replica of the original from whom the debate somatic cell was taken. (who.int)

Similarly, there was interest in using the procedure to produce cloned tissue and organs for possible future transplantation in the nuclear donor and perhaps other tissue- compatible recipients. (who.int)
Given the complexity of the human brain and the particularly human nature of many key symptoms of these disorders, especially psychiatric disorders, animal and cell culture models of the types currently used to investigate diseases of other organs and tissues are valuable but inadequate. (nationalacademies.org)
Contrary to popular belief, stem cells are present in the human body throughout life and are found in many adult organs. (jcpa.org)
In the normal course of gestation, these cells will divide and split off from one another to become every cell in the human body, forming the various organs and tissues. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
Not that everyone would think producing human organs in a lab is evil, by the way, given that thousands of people die for lack of transplantable organs every year. (wtnnews.com)
Implanting replacement tissue into damaged and diseased organs would provide the opportunity to treat and possibly cure many dreaded diseases and debilitating injuries. (reasons.org)
Recent and ongoing research suggests an alternative approach that can achieve the same goal (repair of damaged or diseased organs) without destroying human embryos. (reasons.org)
One such approach, called "xenotransplantation" (the transplantation of living cells, tissues, and organs from one species to another species), turns to pigs as a source of organs for human transplants. (reasons.org)
The chief one is hyper-acute rejection (HAR)-the rejection of pig organs by the human recipient. (reasons.org)
The researchers then used these cells as the source of genetic material to clone pigs with organs that lacked the sugar groups responsible for HAR. (reasons.org)
In fact, the research team oversaw the birth of four normal, healthy piglets with organs suitable for human transplants. (reasons.org)
Colorado rancher Tom Miller recalled his first encounter with the mysterious mutilations: The eyes, ears, tongue, and reproductive organs had been removed from one of his cows with surgical precision. (phantomsandmonsters.com)

He is doing so again in his opposition to human cloning experimentation. (catholicleague.org)
Those opposed to such research think that the logic of justification behind therapeutic cloning will set a dangerous precedent, legitimating experimentation on other human beings, born and unborn. (commonwealmagazine.org)
As head of Japan's infamous Unit 731 (a covert biological and chemical warfare research and development unit of the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II), Dr. Shiro Ishii (head of medicine) carried out violent human experimentation of tens of thousands during the Second Sino-Japenses War and World War II.Ishii was responsible for testing vivisection techniques without any anesthesia on human prisoners. (pakalertpress.com)
A few years ago, in an article in the The Times of London newspaper, the author, Michael Gove, made the following statement: "Embryonic stem-cell experimentation involves not just the destruction of human life but the creation of life with the specific intent to destroy it. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
Second, Michael Gove holds that embryonic experimentation represents the destruction of human life. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
The principles of cloning have been applied to some more fundamental experimentation in plants and animals. (biotopics.co.uk)
There is no way that human cloning could be developed without unethical mass experimentation on women and children,' they said. (boloji.com)

Any research that intentionally kills innocent human beings is immoral. (catholicleague.org)
One such concern is the possibility of altering the capacities or consciousness of a research animal in ways that may blur the lines between human beings and nonhuman animals. (nationalacademies.org)
Claims that you could clone individual treatments of human beings to treat common diseases like diabetes, suggests you need a huge supply of human eggs. (wikiquote.org)
human beings have developed innovative technologies to treat and cure disease, to enhance human living conditions, and to protect or improve the environment. (jcpa.org)
Can Human beings be Cloned? (irfi.org)
ON NOVEMBER 6, 2003, the legal committee of the UN General Assembly decided that a vote to ban research on the reproductive cloning of human beings need not be taken up till the end of 2005. (org.in)
The New Atlantis is building a culture in which science and technology work for, not on, human beings. (thenewatlantis.com)

The new work by scientists in Pittsburgh provides an explanation for why hundreds of attempts to clone monkeys have all failed despite successes in several other mammals. (irfi.org)
cloning non-human mammals, they have found, always generates higher incidence of foetal disorder. (org.in)
However, with the advent of techniques including nutritional and temperature conditioning of cells taken from the body of higher animals, it has proved possible to clone mammals, e.g. (biotopics.co.uk)
Although some of the practical difficulties of cloning whole mammals have been overcome, there is little likelihood of applying this cloning technique to humans. (biotopics.co.uk)
Ever since, a number of mammals have been cloned - cows, pigs, cats and rhesus monkeys. (nyln.org)
While the practice has been successful on certain mammals, it is still a hotly debated topic in terms of the human species. (nyln.org)
On the medical side, concerns raised include life expectancy as cloned mammals only show a low success rate. (nyln.org)
The world's wild populations of birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians have all declined nearly 70 percent in just the last 50 years, and humans have pushed nearly a million species around the world to the brink of extinction. (kxlh.com)

Even the healthiest couples could pass on genes that would make their child susceptible to high cholesterol, cancer, schizophrenia, depression, or whatever other diseases there are waiting to be triggered by the genetic demons perching in the family tree. (discovermagazine.com)
The ability to identify and locate specific genes that render a person likely to manifest heritable conditions, such as Huntington's disease and certain forms of cancer, raises profound questions about the wisdom and desirability of learning about future contingencies when no cure exists and preventive measures are of uncertain efficacy. (encyclopedia.com)
With the discovery of genes that render an individual with a family history highly likely to develop a particular disease later in life, how should the individual who carries the gene be characterized? (encyclopedia.com)
But in many animals other than humans, one of these genes is turned off. (irfi.org)
DNA Cloning and Gene Cloning (Recombinant DNA Technology) exclusively copies genes or DNA segments to execute the cloning. (mabuty.com)
1) It allows researchers to investigate the role of particular genes play in early human development. (oxplore.org)
To prevent companies and governments from stealing genes, invading genetic privacy and undermining human rights and dignity, we urgently need a Genetic Bill of Rights and a Global Ethics Council, Mae-Wan Ho warns of the fall-outs from the human genome project. (i-sis.org.uk)
If you happen to carry a gene or genes associated with a whole range of diseases, you may be refused unemployment and health insurance. (i-sis.org.uk)
Cloning allows one to propagate one's genes, and Richard Dawkins would argue that we create a greater bond to those genetically related to us-in this way cloning may be preferred by some couples over adoption. (ethicalrights.com)
But cloning has allowed scientists to produce a Przewalski's stallion from lost genes-in this case, from four decades ago-creating entirely new bloodlines and returning much-needed genetic variety to the herd. (kxlh.com)
Park director Dashpurev Tserendeleg said he isn't ready to introduce cloned genes to the herd. (kxlh.com)

Twenty years after the fact, the research team that first successfully cloned a human being is finally given the Nobel Prize. (discovermagazine.com)
A decade later, an Asian carp was successfully cloned. (nyln.org)
Even an extinct animal, the Pyrenean ibex, was successfully cloned in 2009. (nyln.org)
Using these three types of cloning, biological species including cells, organisms, and genetics have all recently been successfully cloned. (mabuty.com)
Scientists at Oregon Health & Science University and the Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC) have successfully reprogrammed human skin cells to become embryonic stem cells capable of transforming into any other cell type in the body. (ohsu.edu)

The procedure employed and the biological entities created in therapeutic and reproductive cloning are identical. (commonwealmagazine.org)
A blastocyst (cloned or not), because it lacks any trace of a nervous system, has no capacity for suffering or conscious experience in any form - the special properties that, in our view, spell the difference between biological tissue and a human life worthy of respect and rights. (wikiquote.org)
From lesions to viral clones: biological and molecular diversity amongst autochthonous Brazilian vaccinia virus. (cdc.gov)

But European countries, along with Brazil and South Africa, had lobbied for a partial one: they wished to exempt therapeutic cloning research. (org.in)
Importantly, therapeutic cloning research continued and ultimately contributed to the development of a new technology -induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) technology-that holds out immense promise as a way of developing stem cell treatments that are 'customised' to an individual patient and can be created without the destruction of human embryos. (oxplore.org)

The traditional concept of disease relies on the ability of medical scientists to identify deviations from the normal physiological functioning of an organism. (encyclopedia.com)
In the middle of the year 2001 a group of scientists said cloning humans might be easier than cloning animals. (irfi.org)
Many scientists were dismayed and scientists involved in animal cloning warned of the many practical problems in cloning. (irfi.org)
The scientists said they suspect that similar roadblocks exist for all primates -- the evolutionary grouping that includes monkeys and humans. (irfi.org)
Scientists want to make cloned human embryos to get embryonic stem cells, which live inside early embryos and have the potential to cure a wide array of diseases. (irfi.org)
When these sheep were born in October 2012, scientists at the Animal Reproductive Institute of Uruguay immediately injected them with a green protein found in the Aequorea Victoria jellyfish. (mentalfloss.com)
Because the early stem cells have the ability to become any one of the hundreds of different kinds of human cells, scientists are working on research using these cells with the aim of creating therapies to treat a variety of diseases. (jewishvaluesonline.org)
First or all, scientists have been cloning human cells or their components for years. (wtnnews.com)
Since then, the South Korean scientists have reported creating nearly a dozen new lines of human embryonic stem cells that for the first time carry the genetic signature of diseased or injured patients. (wtnnews.com)
Not even the South Korean scientists claim they're close to transplanting cells into a human, however. (wtnnews.com)
As mentioned earlier, scientists were able to clone an extinct animal, the Pyrenean ibex. (nyln.org)
Swann hopes to be the first to harvest embryonic stem cells from human parthenogenetic blastocysts, but other scientists are trying different approaches. (newscientist.com)
A Global Ethics Council consisting of independent scientists as well as a representative cross section of civil society should be established as a matter of urgency to deal with these gross violations of human rights, privacy and dignity. (i-sis.org.uk)
Scientists at the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, where the cell line that produced the cloned Przewalski's horse was cryogenically frozen in the 1980s, are now trying to save the genetics of as many species as they can. (kxlh.com)
Scientists have made some major achievements with cloning, including the asexual reproduction of sheep and cows. (listverse.com)
The con- is removed and replaced by a nucleus of cept of human cloning has long been in the another cell type, the stem cell will then imagination of many scientists, scholars and be reprogrammed to produce the product fiction writers [ 1 ]. (who.int)

Originally the term clone was used to cover plant material simply derived from asexual reproduction or vegetative reproduction - tubers, plantlets, offsets etc. and cuttings, grafts etc. (biotopics.co.uk)
Amoeba reproduces solely by asexual reproduction to produce genetically identical offspring, and some animals alternate between sexual and asexual stages which result in clones being formed. (biotopics.co.uk)

Ufologists-those who study UFOs-believe that the mutilation of these animals represents a need for bodily tissue in order to create alien-human hybrids. (phantomsandmonsters.com)
But even this Bill of Rights may be inadequate to cope with rapid developments further down the line, such as human cloning, cell and tissue replacement and embryonic stem cell techniques. (i-sis.org.uk)
3. With regard to human tissue cloning, Gregory Stock, a US biophysicist, states 'what real-world dangers do we face that might warrant so premature a repudiation of the therapeutic possibilities inherent in these scientific breakthroughs? (ethicalrights.com)

Rates of acute infections more than tripled among reproductive-aged persons during this time (from 0.8 to 2.5 per 100,000 population among persons aged 20-29 years and from 0.6 to 3.5 among persons aged 30-39 years). (cdc.gov)
Rates of HCV acute and chronic infections (referred hereinafter as HCV infections) have been steadily increasing in the United States since 2010, with rates of acute infections more than tripling among reproductive-aged persons as of 2021, from 0.8 to 2.5 per 100,000 population among persons aged 20-29 years and from 0.6 to 3.5 among persons aged 30-39 years ( 4 , 5 ). (cdc.gov)

In biology , cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria , insects or plants reproduce asexually . (wikiquote.org)
Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)
As a result of aging, older organisms become increasingly vulnerable to a variety of age-related diseases and conditions, culminating in death. (agemed.org)
Unicellular for those cells that are derived from human organisms are primed to replicate (clone) pre-embryos, which seem to have a high themselves by nature. (who.int)

Human Genome Sciences has won more than 100 gene patents and filed for roughly another 7000. (biosafety-info.net)
Does the person in whom the gene is found have a genetic disease or not? (encyclopedia.com)
Attempts to improve the quality of the human gene pool, or "positive eugenics," have generally been viewed with disfavor, especially after the policies in Nazi Germany promoting racial hygiene (Proctor 1988). (encyclopedia.com)
Knowledge that one carries a gene for a heritable disease can pose a profound dilemma for the individual. (encyclopedia.com)
The researchers also say finding that the gene works in a different way in humans from animals such as rats and mice has raised questions about large areas of medical research. (irfi.org)
Five beagles were created by cloning fibroblast cells that express a red florescent gene produced by sea anemones. (mentalfloss.com)
The process known as "DNA cloning," "molecular cloning" or "gene cloning" has been used widely since the 1970s. (wtnnews.com)
These different kinds are: recombinant DNA technology which includes GENETICS cloning or gene cloning, therapeutic cloning, and reproductive system cloning. (mabuty.com)
Gene cloning begins with all the insertion of a gene. (mabuty.com)
After that process, the recombinant GENETICS and the remaining plasmid will probably be replicated, allowing the gene to clone. (mabuty.com)
In some countries, such as the UK, certain forms of gene editing research on human embryos are legal if the embryos are not implanted into a woman, and are destroyed after 14 days of development. (oxplore.org)
An application has already been lodged with the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) to perform gene editing in compliance with these standards. (oxplore.org)

In therapeutic cloning, the blastocyst is not transferred to a womb. (eurostemcell.org)
Instead, embryonic stem cells are isolated from the cloned blastocyst. (eurostemcell.org)

While allowing for further research, it prohibits reproductive cloning of humans," according to National Public Radio. (wikipedia.org)
In the build-up to the debate, a group of patient and medical research advocates yesterday pleaded with UN delegates not to forbid the cloning of human embryos for medical research. (bioedonline.org)
These countries argue that cloning for research should be allowed because stem cells grown from cloned embryos might lead to cures for countless diseases. (bioedonline.org)
President George W. Bush opposes the creation of human embryos for medical research, but challenger John Kerry supports it, and the two have sparred publicly about their differences. (bioedonline.org)
And even then, it seems unlikely that countries such as Britain, which fund and support therapeutic cloning, would alter their research programmes. (bioedonline.org)
To facilitate discussion, it was agreed to distinguish between human cloning for reproductive purposes, that is to produce a human individual, and human cloning for nonreproductive purposes, that is to produce embryos for basic and applied research. (who.int)
Some countries have proposed a total ban on any research involving the cloning of human embryos. (who.int)
However, many of these countries, and others, prohibit the production of human embryos specifically for research. (who.int)
There are many innocuous ways in which scientific research can move forward conquering sickness and disease. (catholicleague.org)
Research involving human neural organoids, transplants, and chimeras has an ultimate goal of preventing and treating the great suffering caused by serious neurological and psychiatric conditions for which no effective treatment is available. (nationalacademies.org)
Some of these concerns, such as ensuring the welfare of research animals and obtaining appropriate consent for the use of human tissues, also apply to many other areas of research, but may require special consideration for research with human neural organoids, cell transplants, and chimeras. (nationalacademies.org)
A main justification for carrying out research, both basic and translational, with human neural organoids, transplants, and chimeras is that it will help in the discovery of new ways to understand and treat neurological and psychiatric disorders, which, as discussed previously, cause immense suffering and for which treatments are ineffective or lacking. (nationalacademies.org)
The use of various types of stem cells for research purposes to make disease "models" in the lab for regenerative medicine and for "therapies" to cure sick patients for diseases is constantly in the news. (lifeissues.net)
Otherwise, human genome research will remain a scientific and financial black hole that swallows up all public and private resources without any return either to investors or to improving the health of nations. (biosafety-info.net)
The Human Genome Project, (HGP) an international public consortium of research laboratories led by the United States, and Celera, a private American company, made the announcement jointly, ending months of competition to complete the first sequence of the human genome. (biosafety-info.net)
Kass opposes all cloning, and there seems little chance that his commission, which is weighted heavily with thinkers who express similar skepticism about the direction and pace of biogenetic research, will issue a report approving therapeutic cloning. (commonwealmagazine.org)
Their work was supported by NIH's National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and National Center for Research Resources (NCRR). (nih.gov)
They were optimistic based on the research carried out into human genetics. (irfi.org)
These radiant sheep, dogs, and cats help further research of human diseases. (mentalfloss.com)
The experiment was meant to prove the principle of transgenic animals, particularly dogs, who, due to their lifespan and reproductive cycle, are good stand-ins for human disease research. (mentalfloss.com)
this prompts anti-abortion sympathisers to oppose all forms of cloning research. (org.in)
Back in 2001, China officially declared its support for therapeutic cloning and called for a legal framework to properly monitor research. (org.in)
After Gov. Jim Doyle vetoed a bill that would have banned cloning of human embryonic stem cells for research purposes, the legislative director of Wisconsin's Right to Life movement made a remark that seemed straight out of a science fiction movie. (wtnnews.com)
But cloning for therapeutic reasons - meaning, carefully regulated research into disease using human embryonic embryos - is an entirely different matter. (wtnnews.com)
However, the Senate bill does allow for therapeutic cloning, known as 'nuclear transplantation', for research on therapies that could cure several serious and life-threatening diseases. (boloji.com)
The Society for Women's Health Research, a non-profit group, agrees that therapeutic cloning should be allowed. (boloji.com)
The Society is concerned that a ban on nuclear transplantation might thwart research directed at finding cures and treatments for diseases and disabilities which solely, predominantly or differently affect women,' says their president, Phyllis Greenberger. (boloji.com)
A vital question is whether we should allow this type of research - the editing of human embryos that will never be implanted into a woman, or indeed leave a petri-dish. (oxplore.org)
Some may fear that it will be impossible to pursue this research without also opening the door to objectionable reproductive uses of GE. (oxplore.org)
In cloning, a distinction between reproductive applications and research enabled clearly beneficial research to proceed while controversial applications were set aside. (oxplore.org)
While there is widespread agreement that GE should not be used for reproductive purposes, its use in research should be encouraged. (oxplore.org)
Using GE on human embryos would be valuable in medical research for at least three reasons. (oxplore.org)
It's almost like proponents of killing human embryos for research in Michigan have been misleading the public for so long (with the help of papers like the Free Press) they don't know how to be honest with them even after their proposal passed. (blogspot.com)
This is a remarkable accomplishment by the Mitalipov lab that will fuel the development of stem cell therapies to combat several diseases and conditions for which there are currently no treatments or cures," said Dr. Dan Dorsa, Ph.D. , OHSU Vice President for Research. (ohsu.edu)
In a meeting in Washington (3 December 2001) the researcher Tanja Dominko presented the results of monkey cloning (Macacus rhesus) when she worked at the Regional Center of Research in Primates of Beaverton, Oregon (USA). (sibi.org)
This paper outlines the debates prompted through a reproduction mechanism involv- by progress in cloning research, with special ing male and female germ cells. (who.int)
Most population-based research in genetic epidemiology has focused on common, chronic diseases, as reflected in approximately 22,000 scientific publications during the last 5 years ( 9 ). (cdc.gov)
Between 2012 and 2013, I worked at Maastricht University, on a project on the ethics of research towards developing human gametes in vitro. (lu.se)

Through reproductive cloning, a new multicellular organism is created, genetically identical to another. (listverse.com)

These stem cells are genetically matched to the donor organism, holding promise for studying genetic disease. (eurostemcell.org)
What happens in reproductive cloning is that a duplicate copy of another organism is made. (nyln.org)

many are "totipotent" (as the abject fact of naturally occurring human identical twins makes clear). (lifeissues.net)
Another long-term hope for therapeutic cloning is that it could be used to generate cells that are genetically identical to a patient. (eurostemcell.org)
Viewed in this way, identical (non-fraternal) twins are fairly commonplace examples of a natural cloning process. (biotopics.co.uk)

The UN has been wrestling with whether to regulate human cloning since 2001, and decided to postpone a decision on it after reaching stalemate last year. (bioedonline.org)
Kass and Daniel Callahan, for instance, have argued persuasively ("Ban Stand," New Republic , August 6, 2001) that there will be no effective way to control reproductive cloning once therapeutic cloning is permitted. (commonwealmagazine.org)

Streptococcus suis is a pathogen associated with severe diseases in pigs and humans. (cdc.gov)
Human infections have a zoonotic origin in pigs. (cdc.gov)
Characterizing S. suis isolates from pigs will promote earlier detection of emerging clones. (cdc.gov)
Most S. suis infections in humans and pigs are caused by serotype 2, but the predominant serotypes causing invasive disease in pigs vary according to time and region ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
Among serotype 2 isolates from pigs, ST1, a highly successful clone associated with most human infections globally, is prevalent in Europe ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)

While conservative senator Orrin Hatch came out in favor of the Senate bill, one liberal woman senator, Democrat Mary Landrieu of Louisiana, has backed the Brownback ban on cloning. (boloji.com)

But even this form of cloning is wrong: it entails the creation and then the destruction of human embryos. (catholicleague.org)

Last is usually Therapeutic cloning which procedure is very similar to reproductive, but with different desired goals and results. (mabuty.com)
But Josephine Quintavalle of Comment on Reproductive Ethics, a London-based pro-life lobby group greeted the new procedure with caution. (newscientist.com)

The new legislation allows medical researchers to create embryonic stem cells through cloning. (wikipedia.org)
But what is not getting such wide reporting is the use of pluripotent stem cells (as well as many other types of cells and genetic engineering techniques) for reproductive purposes . (lifeissues.net)
The stem cells could be studied in the laboratory to help researchers understand what goes wrong in diseases like these. (eurostemcell.org)
Given that we have an efficiency of 1% cloning for livestock species and if only one in a thousand cells are viable then around 100,000 cells would need to be transferred. (wikiquote.org)
Similarly, when the fertilized egg divides from two cells into four cells, each of these four cells has the potential to individually form a human fetus. (jcpa.org)
In particular, the efficiency of the process will have to be improved before the technique could be applied in the clinic using human cells. (nih.gov)
In the laboratory, cells have been taken from human embryos (normally obtained via an abortion) or from foetal blood cells in umbilical cord. (biotopics.co.uk)
What's new is therapeutic cloning of human stem cells. (wtnnews.com)
Still, the prospect of being able to study the root causes of a disease in an immortal, cloned line of stem cells is exciting enough. (wtnnews.com)
1] Therapeutic cloning, on the other hand, creates human embryos merely as a source of embryonic stem cells. (reasons.org)
Tragically, however, in order to harvest stem cells from human embryos, the embryos must be destroyed. (reasons.org)
HAR occurs because the sugar groups on the surface of pig and human cells differ. (reasons.org)
There are high hopes that stem cells, which can develop into many different cell types, could be used to treat a range of diseases. (newscientist.com)
These blastocysts should in theory yield stem cells, but because they are parthenogenetic - produced from the egg only - they cannot be viewed as a potential human life, says Karl Swann of the University of Wales College of Medicine in Cardiff, UK. (newscientist.com)
These procedures are likely to lead to an increase in international trafficking of human cells, eggs and embryos. (i-sis.org.uk)
Cloning could also be used by IVF couples to create more embryos for IVF procedures, and to create embryos, or help create a child, to be a donor of stem cells for a sick sibling or relative, and create children for homosexual couples that are genetically related to one or both of them (the latter situation would apply to female homosexuals). (ethicalrights.com)
Applications Tested: This 12G5 antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. (thermofisher.com)
The Mitalipov team's success in reprogramming human skin cells came through a series of studies in both human and monkey cells. (ohsu.edu)
Previous unsuccessful attempts by several labs showed that human egg cells appear to be more fragile than eggs from other species. (ohsu.edu)
To solve this problem, the OHSU group studied various alternative approaches first developed in monkey cells and then applied to human cells. (ohsu.edu)
Through moving findings between monkey cells and human cells, the researchers were able to develop a successful method. (ohsu.edu)
One important distinction is that while the method might be considered a technique for cloning stem cells, commonly called therapeutic cloning, the same method would not likely be successful in producing human clones otherwise known as reproductive cloning. (ohsu.edu)
Furthermore, the comparative fragility of human cells as noted during this study, is a significant factor that would likely prevent the development of clones. (ohsu.edu)
If the enzyme is reawakened in these dying cells, normal human aging could be slowed, stopped or even reversed. (listverse.com)
The stem cells suits human needs, does not cause harm and can be obtained from both adult and fetal does not conflict with religious beliefs, it has tissues, umbilical cord and early embryos. (who.int)
However, it appears that the ability of the In its simplest form, cloning is defined stem cells to transform is limited, except as the exact replication of cells. (who.int)

Developments in biotechnology have raised new concerns about animal welfare, as farm animals now have their genomes modified (genetically engineered) or copied (cloned) to propagate certain traits useful to agribusiness, such as meat yield or feed conversion. (wikiquote.org)

Other regions reported that some individuals and religious leaders might consider reproductive cloning acceptable in certain cases such as otherwise untreatable infertility, or to avoid inherited genetic diseases. (who.int)
Because of in vitro fertilization, gestational and genetic surrogacy, posthumous conception, and mitochondrial replacement therapy, humans now have the opportunity to overcome infertility, gender obstacles to parentage, dynastic limitations, and diseases that have long plagued mothers and infants. (law.edu)

Governments in the industrialized countries have handed over the human genome to private ownership together with the most triumphant hyperboles to boot, notwithstanding that it was mapped and sequenced at great public expense. (biosafety-info.net)
The human genome programme has dominated the scientific scene for the past ten years, raising hopes and fears in equal measure. (biosafety-info.net)
That was how Clinton greeted the announcement of the human genome map on June 26 (1). (biosafety-info.net)
The human genome has been sequenced separately and independently with major public finance, from the United States and the European Community. (biosafety-info.net)
But that has not prevented the human genome from being owned and exploited by private companies. (biosafety-info.net)
Earlier in March, Clinton and Blair released an ambiguous statement calling for open access to the human genome data. (biosafety-info.net)
Celera kept its own human genome data secret while benefiting from free access to the public database throughout the period that the company was busy sequencing, thereby significantly reducing the time and effort needed to complete the task. (biosafety-info.net)
The Human Genome Initiative, a "big science" project launched by the U.S. government to map and sequence the entire human genome, has heightened concerns about the privacy and confidentiality of genetic information, the uses to which such information might be put, and the possibility of stigmatizing individuals or groups because of their genetic constitution. (encyclopedia.com)
The knowledge the Human Genome Project can yield is massive in contrast to previous efforts to acquire information about human genetics. (encyclopedia.com)
Piccinini's art rides the crest of a tidal wave of change, made possible through the completion of the mapping of the human genome and other extraordinary developments in science and medicine. (snopes.com)
These are some of the fall-outs from the Human Genome Project (see Human Genome: The Biggest Sellout in Human History, this issue). (i-sis.org.uk)
or Genome Biology and Disease in subsequent years. (leeds.ac.uk)
Choose one of the following three pathways to specialise in after your first year: molecular medicine, infection and disease or genome biology and disease. (leeds.ac.uk)

The findings are published in the journal Human Molecular Genetics, but have been criticized in Britain. (irfi.org)
Molecular typing of pathogens---a mainstay of infectious disease surveillance, prevention, and control---already is used to trace epidemics ( 2 ), provide information for vaccine development ( 3 ), and monitor drug resistance ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Molecular diagnosis of infectious disease / edited by Udo Reischl. (who.int)

The real experts to ask about the accurate scientific facts of human embryology are the scientific experts in human embryology who are academically credentialed Ph.D. human embryologists - not the "experts" in cell biology, genetics, doctors, nurses, theologians, lawyers or politicians, secretaries, news journalists, etc. (lifeissues.net)
A conceptual question is prompted by the rapid advances in genetics: What constitutes genetic disease? (encyclopedia.com)
Until recently, public health applications of human genetics were limited largely to state-mandated programs that screened newborn infants and ensured access to genetic services for affected children and families. (cdc.gov)

In that debate, it was helpful to draw a clear distinction between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. (oxplore.org)

Members of the United Nations are gearing up to debate a highly contentious issue: whether to introduce an international ban on human cloning. (bioedonline.org)
It appeared that the nature and extent of public information and debate on cloning and its potential advantages and disadvantages in the area of human health varied around the world. (who.int)
Given this fanfare, the debate has tended to focus on reproductive cloning-the use of cloning to generate a human being-and its bizarre societal and familial side effects. (reasons.org)
This debate is in many ways similar to the debate around cloning. (oxplore.org)

It is quite possible that the advances in human biology in the remainder of the twentieth century will be remembered as the most significant scientific achievement of the animal species known as Homo sapiens . (lifeissues.net)
Craig Venter, Director of Celera, referred to this "historical day in the 100,000 years of human history" when, for the first time, "the human species can read the letters of its own text. (biosafety-info.net)
Photographs of a rare, recently discovered trans-species of human-dog hybrid are actually pictures of an art exhibit. (snopes.com)
Photograph shows a rare, recently discovered trans-species of human-dog hybrid. (snopes.com)
Aging is a physical process that doesn't normally reveal itself until after the completion of a species-specific interval of reproductive competence during which adults rear their progeny from childhood to independence (See Life History ). (agemed.org)
CR has been effective in all species in which it has been tried (although the jury is still out on humans). (agemed.org)
Revive & Restore has partnered with the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance and ViaGen Pets & Equine to clone a critically endangered Przewalski's horse, the last truly wild horse species on the planet. (kxlh.com)
The efﬁciency of cloning, deﬁned as the proportion of transferred embryos that result in viable offspring, is approximately 2 to 3% for all species. (sibi.org)
However, in cattle, average cloning efﬁciency is higher than in other species, ranging from 5 to 20% [10 -15]. (sibi.org)

For example, mouse models of age-related neurodegenerative diseases fail to capture key features because the diseases typically strike humans in their 60s and 70s, whereas mice live for only 2 or 3 years. (nationalacademies.org)
More than 90% of cloning attempts fail to produce viable offspring. (wikiquote.org)
Why Cloning in Non-Human Mammalians Fail? (sibi.org)

Further, cloning advocates are seeking to appropriate the language of reproductive rights and freedom of choice to support their case. (boloji.com)

As explained in Chapter 2 , human neural organoids, transplants, and chimeras provide new models for such conditions and may lead to new knowledge about brain development and function, the discovery of disease mechanisms, new therapeutic targets, and better screening of potential new treatments. (nationalacademies.org)
Chapter 2 presents the science behind these models and describes the challenges of measuring and monitoring such characteristics and capacities in human neural organoids, transplants, and chimeras. (nationalacademies.org)
neural organoids, transplants, and chimeras, and then at issues specific to human neural transplants and chimeras or to neural organoids. (nationalacademies.org)

Except that Michigan researchers have already been competing for federal human embryonic stem cell funding. (blogspot.com)
So, hepatitis E got its official name in the 1980s, but it wasn't until the early 1990s that researchers had actually cloned and sequenced this virus. (cdc.gov)

In addition to low success rates, cloned animals tend to have more compromised immune function and higher rates of infection, tumor growth, and other disorders. (wikiquote.org)
However some believe that there are a variety of advantages in being able to clone agricultural animals by splitting early embryos. (biotopics.co.uk)
Concerns have been raised even in animals as doubters worry about the implications of using a cloned animal in the food supply. (nyln.org)
Just like other cloned animals, the ibex presented health problems like physical defects in its lungs. (nyln.org)
The 2nd type of cloning is reproductive cloning, which can be how pets or animals are cloned. (mabuty.com)
After complete development as well as the birth, it is obvious why these animals have a similar genetic make-up from the subscriber and new clone. (mabuty.com)
It may transform the food we eat, the animals we farm, and the way we battle disease. (oxplore.org)
Humans and animals alike naturally synthesize endocannabinoids, chemical compounds that activate the same receptors as delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active component of marijuana ( Cannabis sativa ). (medscape.com)

Cloning entails taking the nucleus - the compartment that contains the DNA - from an adult cell and putting it into an egg from which the original nucleus has been removed. (nih.gov)

It's true that deterministic arguments can go too far, and that human agency matters enormously to moral change … but it's still the case that technological and economic trends play an enormous role in determining which moral arguments gain ground, which achieve dominance, and which slip toward eccentricity. (discovermagazine.com)
Considered contrary to the moral law, since (it is in) opposition to the dignity both of human procreation and of the conjugal union. (wikiquote.org)

Human cloning involves creating embryos with the intent of implanting them in women to produce children. (boloji.com)

In therapeutic cloning on the other hand, genetic material from a body cell is inserted into an egg cell, replacing the nucleus. (boloji.com)
Junk was in reality, the first mammal to get cloned via a cellular taken from a fully adult dog cell. (mabuty.com)
A key component to this success was the translation of basic science findings at the OHSU primate center paired with privately funded human cell studies. (ohsu.edu)
When the nucleus of a stem cell has been the technique of cloning. (who.int)
Reproductive cloning versus germ cell (egg, ovum). (who.int)
B19 is the primary etiologic agent causing TAC in patients with chronic hemolytic anemias (e.g., sickle cell disease, hemoglobin SC disease, hereditary spherocytosis, alpha-thalassemia, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia) (22,23). (cdc.gov)

To date, a number of obstacles have hindered pig-to-human xenotransplantation. (reasons.org)

But in order to become a part of medical history, parahuman reproduction and human genetic engineering must circumvent the recalcitrance of an antiquated culture. (lifeissues.net)
Between 2007 and 2009, I was postdoctoral fellow at the University of Gothenburg, working on a project on the normative distinctions netween natural and assisted human reproduction. (lu.se)

When the cloning process is used in this way, to produce a living duplicate of an existing animal, it is commonly called reproductive cloning. (eurostemcell.org)
the reliability of the process could be increased, and it has transpired that cloned offspring effectively age prematurely - due to progressive deterioration of structures called telomeres at the edges of chromosomes. (biotopics.co.uk)
Reproductive cloning is a process that has been around for a long time. (nyln.org)
Although twins are essentially clones, they formed through a natural process rather than an artificial one. (nyln.org)
If a third genetic contributor may be introduced into the reproductive process, why not more than three? (law.edu)

It might be possible one day to reduce such incidence, but such cloning -- it is the stuff science fiction is made of -- leads straight to issues such as the limits of science, ethics and socio-legal implications. (org.in)
un tel dialogue prendra en considération non seulement les bienfaits scientifiques mais également les implications morales, éthiques et juridiques. (who.int)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
Through data provided by the Centers for Disease Control, augmented with commentary from medical and advocacy groups, the ART options utilized and the persons using them are evaluated. (law.edu)
This article relies upon technological descriptions provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Academy of Sciences, plus an array of medical, legal and sociological commentators published in national and international journals. (law.edu)
Announcer] This program is presented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)

Those two factors make attempts to clone humans for reproductive purposes ethically troubling. (reasons.org)

Anatomy28

Organisms35

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs60

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment50

Phenomena and Processes85

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science4

Health Care6

Embryo26

Dolly9

Ethical15

Parkinson's8

Babies8

Embryos for research purposes2

Embryonic stem cell2

Alzheimer's2

Stem cell res9

Somatic7

Organs12

Experimentation7

Beings7

Mammals8

Genes11

Successfully5

Biological3

Therapeutic cloning2

Scientists16

Asexual2

Tissue3

Among reproductive-aged2

Organisms4

Gene12

Blastocyst2

Research38

Multicellular organism1

Organism2

Identical3

20012

Pigs5

Favor1

Destruction of human1

Procedure2

Cells26

Genetically Engineered1

Infertility2

Genome13

Molecular3

Genetics3

Distinction1

Debate4

Species9

Fail3

Advocates1

Transplants3

Researchers2

Animals8

Entails1

Moral2

Involves1

Cell6

Xenotransplantation1

Reproduction2

Process5

Implications2

Centers4

Attempts to clone1