Discriminate speech speech perception. Medical search. Frequent questions

In a study based at Brown University, researchers found that the motion and configuration of a speaker's lips are key components of the information people gather when distinguishing vowels in speech. (brown.edu)
Using an acoustic model, we predicted that the large pitch contours of infant-directed speech should improve infants' ability to discriminate vowels. (mcmaster.ca)
On the other hand, the same model predicted that high pitch would not benefit, and might actually impair, infants' ability to discriminate vowels. (mcmaster.ca)
In this study we compare the ability of humans and zebra finches to categorize vowels despite speaker variation in speech in order to test the hypothesis that accommodating speaker and gender differences in isolated vowels can be achieved without prior experience with speaker-related variability. (gla.ac.uk)
Using a behavioral Go/No-go task and identical stimuli, we compared Australian English adults' (naïve to Dutch) and zebra finches' (naïve to human speech) ability to categorize / I/ and /ε/ vowels of an novel Dutch speaker after learning to discriminate those vowels from only one other speaker. (gla.ac.uk)
Results demonstrate that categorization of vowels is possible without prior exposure to speaker-related variability in speech for zebra finches, and in non-native vowel categories for humans. (gla.ac.uk)
The experiments target three different levels of speech processing, namely discrimination, classification, and identification of vowels in three conditions: audio-only, visual-only, and audiovisual. (lu.se)

Moreover, infants' own motion also contributes to motion perception. (britannica.com)
Despite the complex nature of motion, nearly all types of motion perception develop by about six months in healthy infants. (britannica.com)
Baby talk" or speech directed to prelinguistic infants is high in pitch and has exaggerated pitch contours (up/down patterns of pitch change) across languages and cultures. (mcmaster.ca)
We conclude that the exaggerated pitch contours of infant-directed speech aid infants' acquisition of vowel categories but that the high pitch of infant-directed speech must serve another function, such as attracting infants' attention or aiding emotional communication. (mcmaster.ca)
Research in speech perception has shown that infants have early capacities to discriminate consonantal and vocalic contrasts and quickly become attuned to the properties of their native language. (anr.fr)
Because of changes in the eye, ear, and other sensory organs, and developments in brain organization, infants quickly learn to scan the visual field and to discriminate sounds in much more sophisticated ways. (earlyedstation.com)
Japanese infants can hear and discriminate between the 'r' and 'l' sounds in the English language more easily than Japanese adults. (isabelagranic.com)

Research in speech perception seeks to understand how human listeners recognize speech sounds and use this information to understand spoken language. (wikipedia.org)
Speech perception research has applications in building computer systems that can recognize speech, in improving speech recognition for hearing- and language-impaired listeners, and in foreign-language teaching. (wikipedia.org)
It is not easy to identify what acoustic cues listeners are sensitive to when perceiving a particular speech sound: At first glance, the solution to the problem of how we perceive speech seems deceptively simple. (wikipedia.org)
Although listeners perceive speech as a stream of discrete units[citation needed] (phonemes, syllables, and words), this linearity is difficult to see in the physical speech signal (see Figure 2 for an example). (wikipedia.org)
However, we now know that in the monolingual listener, speech perception is gradient and listeners use this gradiency to adjust subphonetic details, recover from ambiguity, and aid learning and adaptation. (frontiersin.org)
Listeners encounter highly variable speech signals every day. (frontiersin.org)
One consequence of this is that during speech perception, listeners discard continuous acoustic information that is irrelevant to category identity and only perceive the category. (frontiersin.org)
Different speakers produce the same speech sound differently, yet listeners are still able to reliably identify the speech sound. (gla.ac.uk)
How listeners can adjust their perception to compensate for speaker differences in speech, and whether these compensatory processes are unique only to humans, is still not fully understood. (gla.ac.uk)

This speech information can then be used for higher-level language processes, such as word recognition. (wikipedia.org)
The data were sufficient to discriminate between models of audiovisual word recognition. (mpi.nl)
That, in turn, could apply to the design of more intelligible online avatars and physical robots, and could even improve computer recognition of human speech and enhance communication devices for the hearing impaired. (brown.edu)
I think you and David did a good job, also, in introducing the "speech recognition" vs "speech perception" distinction to that end. (talkingbrains.org)
Frank and I tried, less vocal probably, to make the same point in our TICS paper (i.e., that the tasks often employed in speech studies are somewhat artificial and detract from what shoudl be th egoal of speech perception / recognition / comprehension studies). (talkingbrains.org)
This seems like just the evidence that you ask for concerning the impact of frontal lesions on speech recognition, and very consistent with results showing impaired speech perception in less naturalistic tasks. (talkingbrains.org)
Multiple Spoken Language Technologies (SLT) such as speech recognition and text-to-speech conversion are integrated in our system. (researchgate.net)
This chapter discusses the processes by which one comes to know the environment, namely sensation, perception, and recognition. (cambridge.org)
Acquired brain damage and developmental abnormalities may affect each level of processing, including primary sensation, cortically mediated perception, or higher-order aspects of perception or recognition. (cambridge.org)
Cochlear implants can also improve speech perception and recognition, allowing for better communication and social interaction. (hearingresearch.org)
Speech audiometry also provides information regarding discomfort or tolerance to speech stimuli and information on word recognition abilities. (medscape.com)
For patients with normal hearing or somewhat flat hearing loss, this measure is usually 10-15 dB better than the speech-recognition threshold (SRT) that requires patients to repeat presented words. (medscape.com)
The speech-recognition threshold (SRT) is sometimes referred to as the speech-reception threshold. (medscape.com)

speech perception is best conceptualized as an interactive neural process involving reciprocal connections between sensory and motor areas whose connection strengths vary as a function of the perceptual task and the external environment. (talkingbrains.org)
A controversial issue in neurolinguistics is whether basic neural auditory representations found in many animals can account for human perception of speech. (aip.org)
Possible applications of monitoring speech using CAEPs include validating hearing aids, assessing neural plasticity in hearing aid and cochlear implant users over time, and determining the efficacy of auditory training in improving speech perception. (ubc.ca)
Pushing the Envelope: Developments in Neural Entrainment to Speech and the Biological Underpinnings of Prosody Perception. (uni-bielefeld.de)
We review the literature regarding the neural and physiological mechanisms of song production and perception and show that this provides evidence for key differences between song and speech processing. (bvsalud.org)

This dissertation investigates the time-course of the evaluation and integration of visual and auditory speech in audiovisual word identification. (mpi.nl)
There was an advantage in accuracy for audiovisual speech over auditory-only and visual-only speech. (mpi.nl)
Integration and Temporal Processing of Asynchronous Audiovisual Speech. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Representational interactions during audiovisual speech entrainment: Redundancy in left posterior superior temporal gyrus and synergy in left motor cortex. (uni-bielefeld.de)

Here, 46 international adoptees from China aged four to 10 years, with Dutch as their new language, plus 47 matched non-adopted Dutch-native controls and 40 matched non-adopted Chinese controls, undertook across a two-week period 10 blocks of training in perceptually identifying Chinese speech contrasts (one segmental, one tonal) which were unlike any Dutch contrasts. (mpi.nl)

infant perception , process by which a human infant (age 0 to 12 months) gains awareness of and responds to external stimuli. (britannica.com)
Cortical auditory disorder or auditory agnosia refers to a non-specific loss of the ability to discriminate both speech and environmental auditory stimuli. (cambridge.org)
This paper reviews possible applications of the event-related potential (ERP) technique to the study of cortical mechanisms supporting human auditory processing, including speech stimuli. (aimspress.com)
it requires patients to merely indicate when speech stimuli are present. (medscape.com)

Specifically, areas of central processing that can be investigated using electrophysiological methods include the ability to detect sounds, discriminate between sounds, and the ability to recognize and notice similarities or differences in sound patterns. (ubc.ca)
For example, visual perception includes the ability to detect motion, differentiate colors, and distinguish basic forms. (cambridge.org)

Most experiments on "speech perception" ask participants to discriminate pairs of syllables or identify which sound they heard. (talkingbrains.org)
The same participants also provided speech production data in an imitation task. (mpi.nl)
Results and Discussion: The analysis of interviews and interrelations of the participants' speeches indicated that there are flaws in therapeutic care at the municipal health service. (bvsalud.org)

Through a series of experiments at Brown and McGill University in Montreal reported in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , Masapollo and colleagues found that when people perceive speech, they closely watch the form and motion of the lips. (brown.edu)
Usually researchers interested in language and speech processing run experiments in silence. (thenakedscientists.com)
The measured parameters will be used as reference material to define visual salience in the forthcoming perception experiments. (lu.se)
The planned experiments are centered around vowel perception in Swedish learners of German and German learners of Swedish. (lu.se)

After processing the initial auditory signal, speech sounds are further processed to extract acoustic cues and phonetic information. (wikipedia.org)
Acoustic cues are sensory cues contained in the speech sound signal which are used in speech perception to differentiate speech sounds belonging to different phonetic categories. (wikipedia.org)
There are several reasons for this: Phonetic environment affects the acoustic properties of speech sounds. (wikipedia.org)
But there is good research which manipulates the phonetic quality of speech in experimental contexts that are more like natural comprehension. (talkingbrains.org)
Develop 'ear' to discriminate key phonetic differences. (emas-global.com)
Understand simple phonetic principles for articulation and speech perception. (emas-global.com)

It is difficult to delimit a stretch of speech signal as belonging to a single perceptual unit. (wikipedia.org)
It provides an important step in building a formal representation of a lexical dynamic FLMP that can account not only for the time-course of speech information and its perceptual processing, but also for lexical influences. (mpi.nl)

Perception builds upon basic sensation by extracting more complex attributes from sensory elements. (cambridge.org)

These results suggest that A1 responses are sufficiently rich to encode and discriminate phoneme classes and that humans and animals may build upon the same general acoustic representations to learn boundaries for categorical and robust sound classification. (aip.org)
For much of its history, categorical perception was treated as a foundational theory of speech perception, which suggested that quasi-discrete categorization was a goal of speech perception. (frontiersin.org)
We present the Visual Analogue Scaling task which avoids the discrete and binary assumptions of categorical perception and can capture gradiency more precisely than other measures. (frontiersin.org)
Theoretically, CP argues that perception-the pre-categorical auditory encoding-is warped by the presence of categories. (frontiersin.org)
Bidelman GM, Moreno S, Alain C (2013) Tracing the emergence of categorical speech perception in the human auditory system. (aimspress.com)

Resolving these questions would improve the scientific understanding of how we perceive speech, Masapollo said. (brown.edu)
In this study, we wanted to see whether the abilities of these children to perceive speech in noisy listening environments could be overcome by simply having the talker speak clearly. (acoustics.org)

The rationale behind this test came from previous studies that have shown that hearing impaired adults derive great speech perception benefit from naturally produced "clear speech. (acoustics.org)
Specifically, on tests that measure speech perception accuracy in terms of the percentage of words in an utterance that are correctly perceived, hearing impaired adults typically show a 17-20% improvement when the talker switches from a conversational to clear speaking style. (acoustics.org)
Furthermore, most (if not all) talkers are able to produce some degree of speech clarity by simply being instructed to "speak as if the listener is hearing impaired. (acoustics.org)
That is, talkers can spontaneously go into a clear speech mode, with no prior training, resulting in dramatic speech perception improvements for hearing impaired adults. (acoustics.org)
We reasoned that if learning impaired children, like hearing impaired adults, can be shown to derive significant benefit from this simple and natural talker-based modification then we may have found a very straightforward means for enhancing the speech perception, and ultimately the learning abilities, of these children. (acoustics.org)

Reliable constant relations between a phoneme of a language and its acoustic manifestation in speech are difficult to find. (wikipedia.org)

It is arguably the most interdisciplinary of the traditional areas of psychology, as individuals may focus on development in relation to sensation and perception, cognition, reasoning and behaving in the social environment, personality, and brain systems. (pressbooks.pub)

For example, one of the most studied cues in speech is voice onset time or VOT. (wikipedia.org)
It also reveals that musicians tend to use the same cues in speech, but much more consistently and with a higher degree of precision than the rest of us. (thenakedscientists.com)

If one could identify stretches of the acoustic waveform that correspond to units of perception, then the path from sound to meaning would be clear. (wikipedia.org)
If a specific aspect of the acoustic waveform indicated one linguistic unit, a series of tests using speech synthesizers would be sufficient to determine such a cue or cues. (wikipedia.org)
However, there are two significant obstacles: One acoustic aspect of the speech signal may cue different linguistically relevant dimensions. (wikipedia.org)
Another question that's debated is whether speech processing is special and distinct from other kinds of auditory processing since it is not purely an acoustic signal. (brown.edu)
Much of the research on speech perception has focused on understanding this problem of lack of invariance - how does a given listener categorize a highly variable acoustic signal into discrete units like features, phonemes or words to extract the linguistic information relevant for that utterance? (frontiersin.org)
Children with learning problems often cannot discriminate rapid acoustic changes that occur in speech. (northwestern.edu)

This basic finding provides empirical support for the widely held belief that the impaired speech perception abilities of these learning disabled children extends to impaired perception of sentence length utterances when presented in noise. (acoustics.org)
Our results strongly suggest that increased selective auditory attention abilities, overtrained in musicians, can benefit speech perception in noise,' she said. (thenakedscientists.com)

This impairment is believed to become particularly troublesome when speech perception must take place under noisy listening conditions, such as are likely to be encountered in a typical classroom. (acoustics.org)
However, dyslexic people also struggle to process speech in noisy places. (thenakedscientists.com)
When trying to understand speech in noisy or complex or difficult listening situations, the ears work together to discriminate and clearly hear one person within an environment of many people. (audiologyonline.com)

There is a perception among many in Turkey that the EU has consistently discriminated against their country. (esiweb.org)

In particular, these children have great difficulty discriminating speech sounds that are minimally distinct. (acoustics.org)

Some learning disabled children have speech perception difficulties. (acoustics.org)
As expected from previous research, Spanish-Catalan bilinguals showed great difficulties in discriminating experimental words from non-words. (isca-speech.org)

Abstract: The presence and strength of an accent are prominent indexical characteristics of speech for adults. (researchgate.net)

The study of speech perception is closely linked to the fields of phonology and phonetics in linguistics and cognitive psychology and perception in psychology. (wikipedia.org)

For the new study, Masapollo realized that this asymmetry in vowel production and perception provided a great opportunity to determine which visual features matter in distinguishing subtle speech differences. (brown.edu)

The pregnant women miss the listening to their psychological and somatic complaints, without effectively discriminating the symptom's etiology. (bvsalud.org)

The method sketches for scientists an image of a sound - using time and frequency - in order to visualise the cognitive cogs that are engaged during speech perception. (thenakedscientists.com)

While cochlear implants do not restore normal hearing, 90 percent of adult cochlear implant patients are able better to discriminate speech without the use of visual cues. (entacochlear.com)
Improvement in auditory perception (hearing) following cochlear implantation varies widely from patient to patient. (entacochlear.com)
Cochlear implants are electronic devices that are surgically implanted in the inner ear to provide sound perception for individuals with profound hearing loss. (hearingresearch.org)
The ideal candidates for cochlear implants are individuals who have some experience with sound and speech but have poor speech understanding or discriminating ability. (hearingresearch.org)

For the most part, the ability to make conscious decisions about phonemes is a useless ability in the context of auditory speech processing, one that is probably only available to literate individuals by the way (I can dig up some refs if anyone is interested). (talkingbrains.org)
These results indicate that some children's discrimination deficits originate in the auditory pathway before conscious perception and have implications for differential diagnosis and targeted therapeutic strategies for children with learning disabilities and attention disorders. (northwestern.edu)
Discriminating their conscious functioning and sense of self (such as technique plagues the evidence that supports the voices, dissociated actions and speech, intrusive traditional theory that trauma and other psychological thoughts, emotions, and impulses), alterations to their stress are the causes of dissociative disorders. (who.int)

It turns out that this asymmetry plays out between French and English, being manifest in the bilingual speech of many Canadians. (brown.edu)

Neuronal populations in the occipital cortex of the blind synchronize to the temporal dynamics of speech. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Lower Beta: A Central Coordinator of Temporal Prediction in Multimodal Speech. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Using this model, I conducted a simulation experiment to visualize the temporal dynamics of perception and production processes through statistical learning among different cultures. (bvsalud.org)

Speech perception is the process by which the sounds of language are heard, interpreted, and understood. (wikipedia.org)
Speech sounds do not strictly follow one another, rather, they overlap. (wikipedia.org)
Because speech is more than just sound, researchers set out to ascertain the exact visual information people seek when distinguishing vowel sounds. (brown.edu)
So it's not so surprising that young babies can hear and tell the difference between speech sounds that us old folks can no longer hear e.g. (isabelagranic.com)

Visual speech is mostly informative about place of articulation, but also about frication and duration. (mpi.nl)
Speech involves the coordinated motor activity of muscles involved in respiration, phonation, resonance, and articulation. (medscape.com)

The process of perceiving speech begins at the level of the sound signal and the process of audition. (wikipedia.org)
The speech system must also combine these cues to determine the category of a specific speech sound. (wikipedia.org)
A speech sound is influenced by the ones that precede and the ones that follow. (wikipedia.org)
If the order is switched, they are much less likely to discriminate them - by sight or sound. (brown.edu)
The Committee recommends childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) as the classification term for this distinct type of childhood (pediatric) speech sound disorder. (asha.org)
Third, apraxia of speech not associated with any known neurological or complex neurobehavioral disorder occurs as an idiopathic neurogenic speech sound disorder . (asha.org)
In addition to these methods, speech material can be presented using loudspeakers in the sound-field environment. (medscape.com)

This technical report was developed by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Ad Hoc Committee on Apraxia of Speech in Children. (asha.org)
The report reviews the research background that supports the ASHA position statement on Childhood Apraxia of Speech (2007). (asha.org)
The goal of this technical report on childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) was to assemble information about this challenging disorder that would be useful for caregivers, speech-language pathologists, and a variety of other health care professionals. (asha.org)
A second rationale for the use of CAS as a cover term for this disorder, rather than alternative terms such as developmental apraxia of speech (DAS) or developmental verbal dyspraxia (DVD) , is that our literature review indicated that apraxia of speech occurs in children in three clinical contexts. (asha.org)
First, apraxia of speech has been associated causally with known neurological etiologies (e.g., intrauterine stroke, infections, trauma). (asha.org)
Second, apraxia of speech occurs as a primary or secondary sign in children with complex neurobehavioral disorders (e.g., genetic, metabolic). (asha.org)
[ 3 ] A second form of motor speech disorder, apraxia, occurs in the presence of significant weakness or incoordination of the muscles of speech production. (medscape.com)

Levenshtein Distance, Dynamic Time Warping, and Speaking Rate) and the perceived distance rankings of children and adults to identify segmental or suprasegmental aspects of the speech signal that may influence rankings. (researchgate.net)

While scads of studies have investigated which audible features of speech are important, Masapollo said, far fewer have looked at which visual components are essential, despite evidence from phenomena as intuitive as lip reading that the sights of speech matter, too. (brown.edu)
The perception of motion is an important part of an individual's visual interpretation of his or her environment . (britannica.com)
My research focuses on the modulation of speech processing in the L2 by visual information from the speaker's mouth and lips. (lu.se)

If we assume CP as a model of speech perception, this can then explain adult learners: many new L2 distinctions comprise within-category distinctions in the native language (e.g., the English l/r distinction which lies within the Japanese category). (frontiersin.org)
The Technique section of this article describes speech audiometry for adult patients. (medscape.com)

In this study of normal children and children with learning problems, impaired behavioral discrimination of a rapid speech change (/da/versus/ga/) was correlated with diminished magnitude of an electrophysiologic measure that is not dependent on attention or a voluntary response. (northwestern.edu)

In the "conversational" condition the talkers were instructed to speak at their normal pace, as if the listener were someone highly familiar with their voice and speech patterns. (acoustics.org)
In the "clear speech" condition, they were told to speak with extra care, as if addressing a listener with a hearing loss or from a different language background. (acoustics.org)
I don't know what other folks are studying when they study speech perception, but to me speech perception is best conceptualized as that process that allows a listener to access a lexical concept (~word meaning) from a speech signal. (talkingbrains.org)

The study should also make progressives more self-critical about the way in which speech norms serve as a marker of social distinction. (metafilter.com)

Delta(but not theta)-band cortical entrainment involves speech-specific processing. (uni-bielefeld.de)
In this Perspective, we discuss what might distinguish song processing from speech processing in light of recent work suggesting that some cortical neuronal populations respond selectively to song and we outline the implications for our understanding of auditory processing. (bvsalud.org)
Giraud A-L, Poeppel D (2012) Cortical oscillations and speech processing: emerging computational principles and operations. (aimspress.com)
2015) Atypical coordination of cortical oscillations in response to speech in autism. (aimspress.com)

Park H, Kayser C, Thut G, Gross J. Lip movements entrain the observers' low-frequency brain oscillations to facilitate speech intelligibility. (uni-bielefeld.de)

Our goal is to provide bilingualism researchers new conceptual and empirical tools that can help examine speech categorization in different bilingual communities without the necessity of forcing their speech categorization into discrete units and without assuming a deficit model. (frontiersin.org)

The research and application of speech perception must deal with several problems which result from what has been termed the lack of invariance. (wikipedia.org)
When you have speech and noise, the noise can hide part of the signal, but still you usually manage to understand enough,' said Dr Fanny Meunier, who led the research project called SPIN, funded by the EU's European Research Council. (thenakedscientists.com)
While sampling online speech in a multi-lingual nation like Ethiopia was a challenge, the research team developed a comprehensive mapping strategy of Facebook-related discussions and interaction among Ethiopians online, both within the country and the Diaspora. (tadias.com)

Thus, separate perception mechanisms may exist for different types of motion. (britannica.com)

This question was addressed by examining how a population of neurons in the primary auditory cortex (A1) of the naïve awake ferret encodes phonemes and whether this representation could account for the human ability to discriminate them. (aip.org)

For pediatric patients, see the Pediatric Speech Materials section below. (medscape.com)

Asymmetric memory for birth language perception versus production in young international adoptees. (mpi.nl)
The ability of children with learning problems to discriminate another rapid speech change (/ba/versus/wa/) also was reflected in the neurophysiology. (northwestern.edu)

In fact, the next time you have the pleasure of talking to a speech scientist who regularly employs such methods, pause after a sentence you speak and ask if in the last sentence you uttered the syllable /ba/ or not. (talkingbrains.org)
She used statistical lessons from brain imaging to track the hearing system in musicians and others as they processed speech - with noise in the background - and was able to show that for a word or syllable that lasts 200 milliseconds, most people use cues just 10 to 50 milliseconds long to identify it. (thenakedscientists.com)

Second, both groups of subjects showed a dramatic improvement in speech perception accuracy for the clear speech sentences over the conversational speech sentences. (acoustics.org)

Respiratory muscles, specifically the muscles associated with expiration, must generate enough air pressure to provide adequate breath support to make speech audible. (medscape.com)

Anatomy14

Diseases23

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Psychiatry and Psychology60

Phenomena and Processes21

Disciplines and Occupations5

Humanities1

Information Science16

Named Groups1

Health Care7

Vowels7

Infants7

Listeners9

Recognition13

Neural5

Audiovisual4

Contrasts1

Stimuli4

Ability to detect2

Participants3

Experiments4

Phonetic6

Perceptual2

Sensory1

Categorical5

Perceive speech2

Hearing impaired5

Phoneme1

Cognition1

Cues in speech2

Acoustic6

Abilities2

Noisy3

Consistently1

Difficulty1

Difficulties2

Abstract1

Phonetics1

Production and perception1

Effectively1

Cognitive1

Cochlear4

Conscious3

Bilingual speech1

Temporal3

Sounds4

Articulation2

Sound7

Apraxia7

Adults1

Visual3

Adult2

Discrimination1

Listener3

Distinction1

Cortical4

Oscillations1

Discrete units1

Research3

Mechanisms1

Human1

Pediatric1

Versus2

Syllable2

Improvement1

Audible1