Dimerization protein structure tertiary. Medical search. Frequent questions

Analysis of the crystal structure of materials is performed by passing x-rays through them and registering the diffraction image of the rays (CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, X-RAY). (lookformedical.com)

The ribosome is probably the largest molecular machine, and is composed of many RNA and protein molecules. (wikipedia.org)
The number of subunits in a protein complex can often be determined by measuring the hydrodynamic molecular volume or mass of the intact complex, which requires native solution conditions. (wikipedia.org)
A molecular model of the FMDV 3A protein, derived from the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structure of the poliovirus 3A protein, predicted a hydrophobic interface spanning residues 25 to 44 as the main determinant for 3A dimerization. (asm.org)
These results provide a molecular explanation for the exclusive ability of haloperidol and spiperone to disrupt D3R dimerization. (nuche.org)
By combining molecular modelling, site direct-mutagenesis and homogenous time-resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (htr-FRET) techniques, interfaces that allow such interactions have been defined, resulting in description of homomeric quaternary structures of this receptor that involve two distinct dimeric species, as well as a rhombus-shaped tetramer20. (nuche.org)
These outcomes provide a molecular description for the distinct capability of spiperone and haloperidol to disrupt D3R dimerization. (nuche.org)
In particular, the relationship between these dynamic nucleoprotein complexes and the molecular architecture of the ParB protein is unclear and is the subject of the work presented here. (elifesciences.org)
Francis Crick recognized the potential importance of the Griffith protein-only hypothesis for scrapie propagation in the second edition of his famous "Central dogma of molecular biology" (Nature. (wikidoc.org)

Nevertheless, while Q44R led to recovery of viruses that maintained the mutation, Q44D resulted in selection of infective viruses with substitution D44E with acidic charge but with structural features similar to those of the parental virus, suggesting that Q44 is involved in functions other than 3A dimerization. (asm.org)
The viral genome encodes four structural capsid proteins (VP1 to VP4) and seven nonstructural (NS) proteins, the leader Lb/ab protease, and proteins encoded in the P2 (2B and 2C) and P3 (3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D) regions ( 9 ). (asm.org)
Recently, we have shown that large-scale data-mining of available protein structures can lead to the precise identification of protein loop conformations, even from remote structural classes. (bvsalud.org)
A. Schematic representation of the PGRMC1 protein showing the position of secondary structural elements common to PGRMC1 and related cytochrome b 5 fold proteins [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Temperature stability of wild-type DAAO is related to the presence of a dimeric structure that affects the stability of independent structural domains. (protabank.org)
gag gene codes for structural proteins which forms the 'body' of the viral particle, among other proteins. (proteopedia.org)
Structural plasticity in Ig superfamily domain 4 of ICAM-1 mediates cell surface dimerization. (cornell.edu)
Structural details on the organisation of FLN5 and FLN6 NC within the ribosome and the effect of the ribosome on the folding of FLN5 remains to be understood that would help to address the question on how the ribosome modulates co-translational protein folding. (biorxiv.org)
Structural basis for dimerization of the Dictyostelium gelation factor (ABP120) rod. (embl.de)
The main structural coat protein of COATED VESICLES which play a key role in the intracellular transport between membranous organelles. (lookformedical.com)
Despite differences in the residue and protein selectivities of prokaryotic and eukaryotic ROXs, comparison of the crystal structures of E. coli YcfD and Rhodothermus marinus YcfD with those of human MINA53 and NO66 reveals highly conserved folds and novel dimerization modes defining a new structural subfamily of 2OG-dependent oxygenases. (ox.ac.uk)
To test this, we aligned 97 protein sequences consisting of homologs of UMAMIT clade I from 27 plant species and created sequence logos containing the 51 residues identified in the structural analysis ( Supplementary Figure 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Example-appear in each structural domain of the signalling protein calmodulin and in the muscle protein troponin-C . (vigyansarovar.com)
These results were then correlated with small-angle X-ray scattering solution studies and computational tertiary structural models. (uleth.ca)

Replacements L38E and L41E, involving charge acquisition at residues predicted to contribute to the hydrophobic interface, reduced the dimerization signal in the protein ligation assay and prevented the detection of dimer/multimer species in both transiently expressed 3A proteins and in synthetic peptides reproducing the N terminus of 3A. (asm.org)
Replacements that favored (Q44R) or impaired (Q44D) the polar interactions predicted between residues Q44 and D32 did not abolish dimer formation of transiently expressed 3A, indicating that these interactions are not critical for 3A dimerization. (asm.org)
The crystal structure of SEMA4D (residues 1-657) shows the sema topology to be a seven-bladed beta-propeller, revealing an unexpected homology with integrins. (ox.ac.uk)
Dimerization occurs via an interaction of hydrophobic residues on a single alpha-helix of each monomer. (cshl.edu)
However, we demonstrate that the analogous residues required for E1 dimerization in BPV-1 and the low risk HPV-11 are also required for HPV-18 E1. (cshl.edu)
The positions of highlighted regulatory phosphorylations observed in (B) below are indicated, as are the amino acids included in the NMR structure deposited as PDB 4X8Y, and the amino acid residues used to obtain crystal and NMR structures [ 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
In this work, the thermal unfolding of dimeric DAAO was compared with that of two monomeric forms of the same protein: a Deltaloop mutant, in which 14 residues belonging to a loop connecting strands betaF5-betaF6 have been deleted, and a monomer obtained by treating the native holoenzyme with 0.5 M NH(4)SCN. (protabank.org)
Instead, a neck-linker element of 15 amino acid residues at the carboxyl terminus of the motor domain undergoes a nucleotide-dependent conformational change between a structured, docked state in the ATP-bound form and a more mobile conformation attained following phosphate release Rice et al, testoviron fass. (cedarhurstevents.org)
This structure shows that p300/CBP is a distant cousin of other structurally characterized HATs, but reveals several novel features that explain the broad substrate specificity and preference for nearby basic residues. (umassmed.edu)
OGT transfers O-GlcNAc moieties from UDP-GlcNAc to serine and threonine residues of proteins and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) catalyzes the opposite reaction to remove O-GlcNAc. (nature.com)
The protein-DNA interaction is stabilized by nonspecific contacts between the DNA backbone and residues in α 2 and the turn between α 2 and α 3. (vigyansarovar.com)

Mutation of either the dimerisation or the DNA binding interface eliminates ParB-GFP foci formation in vivo. (elifesciences.org)

The sequence of the ligand binding domain (LBD) or E/F domain varies substantially between NRs, but they all share a common structure of 11-13 a-helices organized around a hydrophobic binding pocket. (indigobiosciences.com)
They preferentially bind and release hydrophobic peptides by an ATP-dependent process and are involved in post-translational PROTEIN TRANSLOCATION. (lookformedical.com)
The two amphipathic helices, particularly the highly conserved hydrophobic amino acids, are thought to mediate dimerization, which is a prerequisite to DNA binding. (vigyansarovar.com)
This hydrophobic region provides an area for dimerization, allowing the motifs to "zip" together. (vigyansarovar.com)

PURA encodes Pur-α, a highly conserved multifunctional protein that has an important role in normal postnatal brain development in animal models. (bmj.com)

These proteins are intracellular transcription factors that directly regulate gene expression in response to lipophilic molecules. (indigobiosciences.com)
A class of proteins involved in the transport of molecules via TRANSPORT VESICLES. (lookformedical.com)
Vesicular transport proteins are distinguished from MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS, which move molecules across membranes, by the mode in which the molecules are transported. (lookformedical.com)
Thus, our findings oppose the generally accepted view of the behavior of intrinsically disordered proteins and provide new evidence of the existence of specific interactions for unfolded protein molecules. (umassmed.edu)
Aptamers are single-stranded RNA or DNA oligonucleotides that fold up into a distinctive 3D structure capable of binding with high affinity and specificity to small molecules up to entire organisms, with nanomolar range dissociation constants. (encyclopedia.pub)
15 The dynamic addition and removal of O-GlcNAc has been described for multiple cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins and it affects the function of various signaling molecules and transcription factors. (nature.com)
includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures. (lookformedical.com)
Prions are believed to infect and propagate by refolding abnormally into a structure which is able to convert normal molecules of the protein into the abnormally structured form. (wikidoc.org)

Here we present the crystal structure of the monomeric HPV-18 E1 DNA-binding domain refined to 1.8-A resolution. (cshl.edu)
The Ig superfamily (IgSF) intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) equilibrates between monomeric and dimeric forms on the cell surface, and dimerization enhances cell adhesion. (cornell.edu)
Here, we describe a crystal structure at 2.7-A resolution of monomeric ICAM-1 D3-D5, stabilized by the monomer-specific Fab CA7. (cornell.edu)
In monomeric ICAM-1 D3-D5, a 16-residue loop in D4 that is disordered in the dimeric structure could clearly be traced as a BC loop, a short C strand, and a CE meander with a cis-Pro followed by a solvent-exposed, flexible four-residue region. (cornell.edu)
The majority of adaptor proteins exist as multi-subunit complexes, however monomeric varieties have also been found. (lookformedical.com)

Heterotypic interactions between Smc1 and Smc3 dimerization domains create stable V-shaped Smc1/Smc3 heterodimers with a hinge at the center and nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs) at the ends of each arm. (ox.ac.uk)
A protein's structure is stabilized largely by weak interactions. (cedarhurstevents.org)
Unlike members of the class C GPCR sub-family that function as obligate dimers/oligomers4, quaternary complexes of the D3R are not generated and maintained by covalent interactions between receptor monomers20, indicating that the extent of D3R dimerization and/or oligomerization will likely be governed by both receptor expression level, ligand availability, and the intrinsic avidity of these protein-protein interactions. (nuche.org)
The ParB protein forms DNA bridging interactions around parS to condense DNA and earmark the bacterial chromosome for segregation. (elifesciences.org)
Over the past few decades, our understanding of such RNA-protein interactions and their importance has driven the search and development of new techniques for the identification of RNA-binding proteins. (uleth.ca)
PRRSV employs −1 PRF directed by RNA secondary and tertiary structures within its viral genome (canonical PRF), as well as a noncanonical −1 and −2 PRF that are stimulated by the interactions of PRRSV nonstructural protein 1β (nsp1β) and host protein poly(C)-binding protein (PCBP) 1 or 2 with the viral genome. (uleth.ca)

Ø Proteins are the polymers of amino acids. (cedarhurstevents.org)
Rhombotin 1 (RBTN1 or TTG-1) and rhombotin-2 (RBTN2 or TTG-2) are proteins of about 160 amino acids whose genes are disrupted by chromosomal translocations in T-cell leukemia. (embl.de)
Variations in the amino acids are reflected by small conformational changes in the tertiary structure that contribute to the broad range of biological activities in these proteins. (frontiersin.org)
The term 'motif' is also describes a consensus sequence of amino acids, i.e. a partial sequence common to a number of different proteins, which may or may not adopt similar conformations in the different proteins. (vigyansarovar.com)
Unlike HTH proteins, the actual DNA-binding motif of the HLH proteins is a stretch of about 13 "basic" amino acids adjacent to the HLH whose main role is in protein dimerization. (vigyansarovar.com)

In addition, the CH domain occurs also in a number of proteins not known to bind actin, a notable example being the vav protooncogene. (embl.de)
Aptamers are short single-stranded RNA or DNA oligonucleotides capable of folding into complex 3D structures, enabling them to bind to a large variety of targets ranging from small ions to an entire organism. (encyclopedia.pub)
Some LIM domains bind protein partners via tyrosine-containing motifs. (embl.de)
They display considerable versatility in binding modes, even between members of the same class (e.g. some bind DNA, others protein), suggesting that Znf motifs are stable scaffolds that have evolved specialised functions. (embl.de)
For example, these triplets work together to bind tightly to RNA strands and unravel structures that block RNA copying. (elifesciences.org)
In determining which proteins bind to the RNA of interest, it is often useful to use the approach where the RNA molecule is the "bait" and allow it to capture proteins from a lysate or other relevant solution. (uleth.ca)

Despite previous observations that the CTEs of some classes of nuclear receptors are structured and interact with DNA outside of the hexanucleotide hormone response element (HRE), there has been no evidence for such a CTE among the steroid receptors. (nih.gov)
Using computational dynamic methods, surface electrostatic charge and hydrophobicity analyses, and protein-protein docking predictions, we propose that the (alphabeta)(2) rhodocytin tetramer induces clustering of CLEC-2 receptors on the platelet surface, which will trigger major signaling events resulting in platelet activation and aggregation. (ox.ac.uk)
Launch Dopamine receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that participate in the course A sub-family1. (nuche.org)

Ribosomes maintain a healthy cellular proteome by synthesising proteins. (biorxiv.org)
Ribosomes are nano-machines that translate information coded in a messenger RNA into proteins in all living organisms. (biorxiv.org)

It is through such changes, which underlie cooperativity and allostery in "multimeric" enzymes, that many proteins undergo regulation and perform their physiological function. (wikipedia.org)
Predicted regulatory interaction sites for SH2- and SH3-domain proteins are in non-structured regions that could be available to cytoplasmic enzymes. (oncotarget.com)
Pol gene on the other hand codes for three essential enzymes which are Reverse Transcriptase (RT), Integrase (IN) and Protease (PR), among other proteins. (proteopedia.org)
18 Both enzymes, OGT and OGA as well as multiple O-GlcNAcylated proteins are enriched at sites of active transcription in human cells. (nature.com)
However, the prion protein found in infectious material has a different structure and is resistant to proteases , the enzymes in the body that can normally break down proteins. (wikidoc.org)

We describe here how the PGRMC1 structure also enables important new insights into the possible regulation of PGRMC1 function by phosphorylation. (oncotarget.com)
7 The JAKs also trigger the activation and tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT5, causing parallel dimerization, nuclear translocation and tetramerization of STAT5. (nature.com)

More recently, people refer to protein-protein interaction when discussing quaternary structure of proteins and consider all assemblies of proteins as protein complexes. (wikipedia.org)
in poliovirus (PV), the interaction between the RNA replication complex and intracellular membranes appears to be accomplished by proteins 3A and 2C, which have membrane-binding properties ( 11 , 60 ). (asm.org)
Here we show that Mst and hSav heterodimerize in an interaction requiring the conserved C-terminal coiled-coil domains of both proteins. (ox.ac.uk)
Crystal structures show that the Smc1/Smc3 hinge has a toroidal shape, with independent "north" and "south" interaction surfaces on an axis of pseudosymmetry. (ox.ac.uk)
The circadian clock found in Synechococcus elongatus, the most ancient circadian clock, is regulated by the interaction of three proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC. (ox.ac.uk)
Also, this region may contain nuclear localization signals and protein-protein interaction sites. (indigobiosciences.com)
Interaction of GAL4 and GAL80 gene regulatory proteins in vitro. (cornell.edu)
The telomere capping complex CST has an unusual stoichiometry, makes multipartite interaction with G-Tails, and unfolds higher-order G-tail structures. (cornell.edu)
Intrinsically disordered proteins are thought to undergo coupled binding and folding upon interaction with their folded partners. (umassmed.edu)
Its major function is in DNA recognition, as α 3 helix is involved in the recognition and is known as " recognization helix " while another one stabilizes the interaction between DNA and Protein. (vigyansarovar.com)
Helix-turn-helix motif are involved in many processes that includes DNA repair, RNA metabolism, and protein-protein interaction . (vigyansarovar.com)
Recent studies have highlighted the potential importance of the tertiary structure of the three-way junction to PKR inhibition by enabling interaction between regions of the central and terminal stems. (uleth.ca)

The viral particle is composed of a protein capsid that contains a positive-sense RNA molecule of about 8,500 nucleotides that is infectious and encodes a single polyprotein, which is processed in infected cells by cis - and trans -acting viral proteases ( 55 ) to yield different polypeptide precursors and the mature viral proteins ( 9 , 62 ). (asm.org)

When expressed as a recombinant protein in transfected cells, PV 3A cofractionates with endoplasmic reticulum markers ( 66 ), and its single transient expression can disrupt the secretory apparatus ( 23 ) and decrease major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I expression ( 22 ). (asm.org)
[4] [5] This theory was developed to explain the discovery that the mysterious infectious agent causing the diseases scrapie and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease resisted ultraviolet radiation (which breaks down nucleic acids - present in viruses and all living things) yet responded to agents that disrupt proteins. (wikidoc.org)
Our results demonstrate that while mutations to the central stem have no observable effect on binding affinity to PKR, mutations that appear to disrupt the structure of the three-way junction prevent inhibition of PKR. (uleth.ca)

HIV-1 protease cleaves an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) precursor proteins, such as cleaving the env protein , glycoprotein (GP) 160 , into gp41 and gp120 . (proteopedia.org)
In other words, HIV-1 protease is responsible for maturation of the virion by cleaving proteins into their mature form. (proteopedia.org)
Thus, many drug designs or much pharmaceutical research conduct by understanding the structure of HIV-1 protease active site and by inhibition of its activity disrupts HIV's ability to replicate and infect additional cells. (proteopedia.org)
HIV-1 Protease acts as 'chemical scissors' to cleave the polyproteins into functional constituent proteins. (proteopedia.org)
Crystal Structures of Highly Constrained Substrate and Hydrolysis Products Bound to HIV-1 Protease. (proteopedia.org)
PrP)(" protease resistant protein") which disrupts normal synaptic function. (wikidoc.org)

Located within the second zinc finger is the distal or D-box, an α-helix which lies perpendicular to P-box helix, and is a site that mediates receptor dimerization. (indigobiosciences.com)

CA7 binds to D5 in a region that is buried in the dimeric interface and is distal from the dimerization site in D4. (cornell.edu)

Protein quaternary structure is the fourth (and highest) classification level of protein structure. (wikipedia.org)
Protein quaternary structure refers to the structure of proteins which are themselves composed of two or more smaller protein chains (also referred to as subunits). (wikipedia.org)
Protein quaternary structure describes the number and arrangement of multiple folded protein subunits in a multi-subunit complex. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast to the first three levels of protein structure, not all proteins will have a quaternary structure since some proteins function as single units. (wikipedia.org)
Protein quaternary structure can also refer to biomolecular complexes of proteins with nucleic acids and other cofactors. (wikipedia.org)
The quaternary structure refers to the number and arrangement of the protein subunits with respect to one another. (wikipedia.org)
Other assemblies referred to instead as multiprotein complexes also possess quaternary structure. (wikipedia.org)
Changes in quaternary structure can occur through conformational changes within individual subunits or through reorientation of the subunits relative to each other. (wikipedia.org)
Protein quaternary structure can be determined using a variety of experimental techniques that require a sample of protein in a variety of experimental conditions. (wikipedia.org)
The experiments often provide an estimate of the mass of the native protein and, together with knowledge of the masses and/or stoichiometry of the subunits, allow the quaternary structure to be predicted with a given accuracy. (wikipedia.org)

We have determined the structure of the progesterone receptor (PR)-DBD-CTE DNA complex at a resolution of 2.5 A, which revealed binding of the CTE to the minor groove flanking the HREs. (nih.gov)
The structure implies that a substantial conformational change involving C epsilon 2 must accompany binding to the mast cell receptor Fc epsilon RI. (ox.ac.uk)
The ligand-binding face of the semaphorins revealed by the high-resolution crystal structure of SEMA4D. (ox.ac.uk)
The papillomaviral DNA replication initiation protein E1 has origin recognition and ATP-dependent DNA melting and helicase activities, and it consists of a DNA-binding domain and an ATPase/helicase domain. (cshl.edu)
The structure suggests that the KaiB binding site is covered in the dimer interface of the KaiA "closed" conformation, observed in the crystal structure, which suggests an allosteric regulation mechanism. (ox.ac.uk)
For a linear peptide derived from Nrf2, the peptide cyclized starting from the experimental structure showed a 26-fold increase in the binding affinity. (bvsalud.org)
The further investigation suggests that compound 2n possesses the ability to inhibit ERK5 activity and exhibits effective binding with the ERK5 protein, making it a promising candidate as a lead compound for a new class of ERK5 inhibitors discovery. (bvsalud.org)
Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) is 195 residue membrane-bound protein which contains a short luminal peptide, a single N -terminal transmembrane domain, and a C -terminal cytochrome b 5 -related heme-binding domain ( Figure 1A ). (oncotarget.com)
Binding of the snake venom protein rhodocytin to CLEC-2, a receptor on the surface of human platelets, initiates a signaling cascade leading to platelet activation and aggregation. (ox.ac.uk)
However, the three dimensional structure of the RXR heterodimer complex produces different DNA binding affinities. (indigobiosciences.com)
The D-domain appears to allow for conformational changes in the protein structure following ligand binding. (indigobiosciences.com)
2021. Duplex Telomere-Binding Proteins in Fungi With Canonical Telomere Repeats: New Lessons in the Rapid Evolution of Telomere Proteins. . (cornell.edu)
Synergistic activation of interleukin-12 p35 gene transcription by interferon regulatory factor-1 and interferon consensus sequence-binding protein. (cornell.edu)
Actin binding domains present in duplicate at the N-termini of spectrin-like proteins (including dystrophin, alpha-actinin). (embl.de)
A number of actin-binding proteins, including spectrin, alpha-actinin and fimbrin, contain a 250 amino acid stretch called the actin binding domain (ABD). (embl.de)
Their binding properties depend on the amino acid sequence of the finger domains and of the linker between fingers, as well as on the higher-order structures and the number of fingers. (embl.de)
Zinc-binding motifs are stable structures, and they rarely undergo conformational changes upon binding their target. (embl.de)
Vertebrate insulin gene enhancer binding protein isl-1. (embl.de)
Isl-1 binds to one of the two cis-acting protein-binding domains of the insulin gene. (embl.de)
Moreover, as an atomic level structure of the D3R bound to the ligand eticlopride is available22 and substantial efforts have been made to predict modes of binding of other antagonist ligands23, this provided a framework with which to assess the outcomes. (nuche.org)
ParB is an unusual DNA binding protein. (elifesciences.org)
The signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A) and STAT5B transcription factors have a conserved functional domain structure organized in N-terminal oligomerization, Coiled-coil, DNA-binding, Linker, SH2 and C-terminal transactivation domain. (nature.com)
Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments. (lookformedical.com)
Here, we review a collection of methods for modifying RNA to capture RNA-binding proteins. (uleth.ca)

The intrinsically disordered cytoplasmic domain of the T cell receptor zeta chain binds to the nef protein of simian immunodeficiency virus without a disorder-to-order transition. (umassmed.edu)

Clathrin also interacts with cytoskeletal proteins. (lookformedical.com)
Vertebrate paxillin, a cytoskeletal focal adhesion protein. (embl.de)

NS proteins are involved in crucial aspects of the viral cycle and pathogenesis, such as rearrangements of intracellular membranes required for endomembrane recruitment and the lysis of host cells ( 1 , 12 , 14 , 18 , 73 ). (asm.org)
Mammalian cysteine-rich intestinal protein (CRIP), a small protein which seems to have a role in zinc absorption and may function as an intracellular zinc transport protein. (embl.de)

Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) is a multifunctional protein implicated in multiple pathologies, including cancer and Alzheimer's disease. (oncotarget.com)
To stimulate further experimentation, we also discuss that heme-mediated dimerization of PGRMC1 and membrane trafficking may be mutually exclusive functions. (oncotarget.com)
The proteins is secreted with the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and transferred in the ECM from the Bruch membrane, where it regulates the thickness from the Bruch membrane by inhibiting MMPs (Weber, Vogt, Pruett, St?hr, & Felbor, 1994). (moonphase2018.com)
Mutations in bring about an increased deposition from the TIMP3 proteins and a thickening of Bruch membrane, resulting in decreased permeability for trafficking metabolites and nutrition (Kamei & Hollyfield, 1999). (moonphase2018.com)
2015). Many research hypothesize that mutant TIMP3 proteins with unpaired cysteines type unusual disulfide\bonded dimers and aggregates that reduce the turnover from the proteins in the Bruch 4SC-202 membrane, hence resulting in a disturbed homeostasis in ECM redecorating and thickening of Bruch membrane (Arris et?al. (moonphase2018.com)
Role of a putative gp41 dimerization domain in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 membrane fusion. (cornell.edu)
Specialized regions of the cell membrane composed of pits coated with a bristle covering made of the protein CLATHRIN. (lookformedical.com)
An adaptor protein complex primarily involved in the formation of clathrin-related endocytotic vesicles (ENDOSOMES) at the CELL MEMBRANE. (lookformedical.com)
A network of membrane compartments, located at the cytoplasmic side of the GOLGI APPARATUS, where proteins and lipids are sorted for transport to various locations in the cell or cell membrane. (lookformedical.com)

The process of moving proteins from one cellular compartment (including extracellular) to another by various sorting and transport mechanisms such as gated transport, protein translocation, and vesicular transport. (lookformedical.com)

For example, two identical protein monomers would come together to form a homo-dimer, whereas two different protein monomers would create a hetero-dimer. (wikipedia.org)
Finally, we also present the solution structure of OAS1 monomer and dimer, comparing their hydrodynamic properties with OAS2. (uleth.ca)

Semaphorins, proteins characterized by an extracellular sema domain, regulate axon guidance, immune function and angiogenesis. (ox.ac.uk)
Here we generated a novel, two-sided fusion protein incorporating the extracellular domains of SIRPα and CD40L, adjoined by a central Fc domain, termed SIRPα-Fc-CD40L. (aacrjournals.org)
Given roles of segments of the seven transmembrane domains (TMDs) of GPCRs that are located close to the extracellular face in controlling class A receptor dimerization4, 20, 21 it is clearly possible that different antagonist/inverse agonist-bound structures of the same GPCR may alter the dimerization potential or propensity of the receptor and, therefore, the steady-state distribution of monomers, dimers and oligomers. (nuche.org)

An N\ is certainly included by Each TIMP and C\terminal area, which fold right into a conserved tertiary structure highly. (moonphase2018.com)
Nonetheless, nascent polypeptides with more complex tertiary structure fold close to and outside the tunnel, as found for spectrin - a three-helix bundle protein, and titin, an all beta-sheet immunoglobulin domain 10,13. (biorxiv.org)
Yet, some RNA strands can also fold to form ribozymes, 3D structures that could have guided life's chemical processes the way proteins do now. (elifesciences.org)
All known prions induce the formation of an amyloid fold, in which the protein polymerizes into a fiber with a core consisting of tightly packed beta sheets . (wikidoc.org)

The crystal structure of IgE Fc reveals an asymmetrically bent conformation. (ox.ac.uk)
The crystal structure of the IgE Fc (constant fragment) at a 2.6-A resolution has revealed these domains. (ox.ac.uk)
The crystal structure reveals the active site is enclosed and how THP competes with γBB. (ox.ac.uk)
The x-ray crystal structures of two bacterial chloride channels (CLCs) have recently been established, thereby allowing us to construct a model for hCLC-5 and further examine the role of its mutations. (ox.ac.uk)
Crystal structure of circadian clock protein KaiA from Synechococcus elongatus. (ox.ac.uk)
A crystal structure of ICAM-1 IgSF domains (D) 3-5 revealed a unique dimerization interface in which D4s of two protomers fuse through edge beta-strands to form a single super beta-sandwich domain. (cornell.edu)
Crystal structure of rhodocytin, a ligand for the platelet-activating receptor CLEC-2. (ox.ac.uk)
The 2.4 A resolution crystal structure of rhodocytin presented here demonstrates that it is the first snake venom or other C-type lectin-like protein to assemble as a non-disulfide linked (alphabeta)(2) tetramer. (ox.ac.uk)
Here we describe a high-resolution X-ray crystal structure of a semi-synthetic heterodimeric p300 HAT domain in complex with a bi-substrate inhibitor, Lys-CoA. (umassmed.edu)
Comparison of ROX crystal structures with those of other JmjC-domain-containing hydroxylases, including the hypoxia-inducible factor asparaginyl hydroxylase FIH and histone N(ε)-methyl lysine demethylases, identifies branch points in 2OG-dependent oxygenase evolution and distinguishes between JmjC-containing hydroxylases and demethylases catalysing modifications of translational and transcriptional machinery. (ox.ac.uk)

Mark, Brian L. dc.description.abstract: Programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) is a mechanism used by arteriviruses like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) to generate multiple proteins from overlapping reading frames within its RNA genome. (uleth.ca)

Another distinction often made when referring to oligomers is whether they are homomeric or heteromeric, referring to whether the smaller protein subunits that come together to make the protein complex are the same (homomeric) or different (heteromeric) from each other. (wikipedia.org)
A family of large adaptin protein subunits of approximately 100 kDa in size. (lookformedical.com)
A family of large adaptin protein complex subunits of approximately 90-130 kDa in size. (lookformedical.com)
A family of medium adaptin protein subunits of approximately 45 KDa in size. (lookformedical.com)

IL-17, a new kid on the block of tertiary lymphoid organs. (cornell.edu)
Mammalian LH-2, a transcriptional regulatory protein involved in the control of cell differentiation in developing lymphoid and neural cell types. (embl.de)

The 2.0-A structure of KaiA of S. elongatus reported here shows that the protein is composed of two independently folded domains connected by a linker. (ox.ac.uk)
The absence of complications ensuing from association equilibria in the mutant Deltaloop DAAO allowed identification of two energetic domains: a low-temperature energetic domain related to unfolding of tertiary structure, and a high-temperature energetic domain related to loss of secondary structure elements and to flavin release. (protabank.org)
Studies using cryo-EM have shown NC folding within the exit tunnel is largely limited to the formation of rudimentary secondary structure, pre-dominantly α helices within different areas of the tunnel, while β hairpins as well as the formation of small domains in the wider vestibule region of the tunnel 9-13. (biorxiv.org)
RNCs comprising the fifth and sixth domains of ABP-120 filamin protein (referred below as FLN5 and FLN6) have been analysed by NMR spectroscopy in the vicinity of the ribosome 17,18,19. (biorxiv.org)
There are 66728 CH domains in 45684 proteins in SMART's nrdb database. (embl.de)
LIM domains coordinate one or more zinc atoms, and are named after the three proteins (LIN-11, Isl1 and MEC-3) in which they were first found. (embl.de)
Zinc finger (Znf) domains are relatively small protein motifs which contain multiple finger-like protrusions that make tandem contacts with their target molecule. (embl.de)
They demonstrated that, as opposed to the various other antagonists, spiperone and haloperidol respectively elevated the atomic length between guide carbon atoms of transmembrane domains IV and V and I and II, both which offer essential interfaces for D3R dimerization. (nuche.org)

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) nonstructural protein 3A plays important roles in virus replication, virulence, and host range. (asm.org)

env gene codes for viral envelop proteins. (proteopedia.org)
2-Oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenases have important roles in the regulation of gene expression via demethylation of N-methylated chromatin components and in the hydroxylation of transcription factors and splicing factor proteins. (ox.ac.uk)

These helix-turn-helix structure found in many proteins(transcription factors). (vigyansarovar.com)
As the revised "dogma" was formulated, in part, to accommodate the then recent discovery of reverse transcription by Howard Temin and David Baltimore (Nobel Prize, 1975), proof of the protein-only hypothesis might have been seen as a sure bet for a future Prize. (wikidoc.org)

For urotensin II, a peptide already cyclized by a disulfide bond that exerts a broad array of biological activities, we were able, starting from models of the structure, to design a head-to-tail cyclized peptide, the first synthesized bicyclic 14-residue long urotensin II analogue, showing a retention of in vitro activity. (bvsalud.org)
ROX structures with and without their substrates support their functional assignments as hydroxylases but not demethylases, and reveal how the subfamily has evolved to catalyse the hydroxylation of different residue side chains of ribosomal proteins. (ox.ac.uk)
Residue 6 of the loop must be a glycine because the side chain of any other residue would disturb the structure of the motif. (vigyansarovar.com)

We report RNA-catalysed RNA synthesis on structured templates when using trinucleotide triphosphates (triplets) as substrates, catalysed by a general and accurate triplet polymerase ribozyme that emerged from in vitro evolution as a mutualistic RNA heterodimer. (elifesciences.org)

There are many superfamilies of Znf motifs, varying in both sequence and structure. (embl.de)
Supersecondary structures or motifs, are simple and frequent combinations of the secondary structure with a specific geometric arrangement. (vigyansarovar.com)

Many proteins are actually assemblies of multiple polypeptide chains. (wikipedia.org)
1 The Building Blocks of Protein [1] Proteins are polypeptide chains obtained by translation from strands of messenger RNA. (cedarhurstevents.org)
Kinesin-1 moves along the microtubule with an alternating, hand-over-hand mechanism that depends on the dimerization of the two heavy chains. (cedarhurstevents.org)
Each molecule of clathrin consists of three light chains (CLATHRIN LIGHT CHAINS) and three heavy chains (CLATHRIN HEAVY CHAINS) that form a structure called a triskelion. (lookformedical.com)
In order for a cell to respond to changes in internal and external environmental factors, a broad range of protein co- and post-translational modifications have evolved to expand upon the relatively static properties encoded in protein side-chains. (biologists.com)

Recently, 2OG-dependent oxygenases that catalyse hydroxylation of transfer RNA and ribosomal proteins have been shown to be important in translation relating to cellular growth, TH17-cell differentiation and translational accuracy. (ox.ac.uk)
also known as MINA) and nucleolar protein 66 (NO66) catalyse histidine hydroxylation in the ribosomal proteins RPL27A and RPL8, respectively. (ox.ac.uk)

Large number of prokaryotic repressors belong to the helix-turn-helix family of proteins. (vigyansarovar.com)

No known examples Although complexes higher than octamers are rarely observed for most proteins, there are some important exceptions. (wikipedia.org)
In some cases, proteins form complexes that then assemble into even larger complexes. (wikipedia.org)
Syroegin, E. A. , Aleksandrova, E. V. , and Polikanov, Y. S. (2022) Insights into the ribosome function from the structures of non-arrested ribosome-nascent chain complexes . (cornell.edu)

By using circular dichroism spectroscopy, protein and flavin fluorescence, activity assays, and DSC, we demonstrated that thermal unfolding involves (in order of increasing temperatures) loss of tertiary structure, followed by loss of some elements of secondary structure, and by general unfolding of the protein structure that was concomitant to FAD release. (protabank.org)
The α helix is a common protein secondary structure. (cedarhurstevents.org)

The structure reveals that the dimerization helix is significantly different from that of bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1). (cshl.edu)

A family of proteins that play a role as cofactors in the process of CLATHRIN recycling in cells. (lookformedical.com)

Anatomy1

Organisms1

Chemicals and Drugs20

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Phenomena and Processes35

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science16

Health Care2

Crystallography1

Molecular8

Structural14

Residues11

Mutation1

Hydrophobic4

Highly conserved1

Molecules8

Monomeric5

Interactions6

Amino acids5

Bind6

Receptors3

Ribosomes2

Enzymes5

Phosphorylation2

Interaction12

Viral proteins1

Disrupt3

Protease6

Mediates1

Dimeric1

Quaternary structure10

Binding24

Binds1

Cytoskeletal2

Intracellular2

Membrane9

Translocation1

Dimer2

Extracellular3

Fold4

Crystal10

ABSTRACT1

Subunits4

Lymphoid2

Domains8

Nonstructural protein1

Gene2

Transcription2

Residue3

Vitro1

Motifs2

Chains5

Ribosomal2

Prokaryotic1

Complexes3

Secondary structure2

Reveals1

Cofactors1