• Medulloblastoma to be considered a type of Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors (PNET), but that term isn't used anymore. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Pathologists have focused on that Ewing sarcoma is essentially unclear to a considerably more exceptional sensitive tissue disease called rough neuroectodermal development (PNET). (alliedacademies.org)
  • Hereafter they were collected into class of illnesses entitled Ewing's Sarcoma Family of Tumor (ESFT).This family joins, Ewing's sarcoma of the bone, Extraosseus Ewing's sarcoma, Primitive neuroectodermal disease (PNET),Peripheral neuroepithelioma, Askin's development and Atypical Ewing's sarcoma. (alliedacademies.org)
  • [ 4 ] An association exists between Ewing sarcoma and primitive peripheral neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). (medscape.com)
  • Pathologists have long known that Ewing sarcoma looks very similar to an even rarer soft tissue tumor called primitive neuroectodermal tumor ( PNET ). (sarcomahelp.org)
  • Originally classified as a glioma , medulloblastoma is now referred to as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). (medscape.com)
  • Pediatric embryonal tumors like medulloblastoma (MB), atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT), and primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) are tumors that develop in embryonic cells of the developing brain and remain there after birth. (medicalnewsbulletin.com)
  • The researchers tested the activity of this anti-CD47 antibody in five malignant pediatric tumor types namely medulloblastoma (MB) group 3, pediatric ATRT and PNET, epidermal growth factor receptor-amplified pediatric glioblastoma multiforme (pGBM), and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). (medicalnewsbulletin.com)
  • Further advances in immunohistochemical analyses have helped further distinguish PNETs and Ewing family of tumors (EFTs) from other small, round, poorly differentiated tumors, including rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, and lymphoma. (medscape.com)
  • Other less common primary tumors are sarcoma, lymphoma, and primitive neuroectodermal tumour. (wikipedia.org)
  • At radiography, lymphoma of the bone is most commonly lytic, but the affected bone also can appear deceivingly normal, even when a large tumor is present. (radiologykey.com)
  • At CT, lymphoma of muscle can be homogenous in attenuation, and it may not show contrast enhancement, making tumor detection more difficult. (radiologykey.com)
  • Primary lymphoma of bone (PLB) is rare, comprising less than 1% of all lymphomas, 5% of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 3% to 5% of all primary bone tumors. (radiologykey.com)
  • Rapidly growing breast mass could hardly ever become metastasis GS-1101 kinase activity assay from rhabdomyosarcoma, leukaemia, lymphoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumours, Ewing sarcoma, malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.3 However, the size of such masses is not usually as gigantic as in our individual. (columbiagypsy.net)
  • 1 The most frequent primary tumor types of anterior mediastinal masses are thymic tumors and lymphoma, with approximate proportions of 35% and 25% among mediastinal lesions, respectively. (allenpress.com)
  • They are characterized by their tendency to seed along the neuraxis, following cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways, and they represent one of the few brain tumors, including ependymoma , pinealoblastoma, and lymphoma , to metastasize to extraneural tissues. (medscape.com)
  • 1 - 3 Intracranial brain tumors, most commonly medulloblastoma [ Figure 2 ], can metastasize to the peritoneal cavity via ventriculo-peritoneal shunts used to divert excess cerebrospinal fluid. (cytojournal.com)
  • Medulloblastoma is the most common embryonal brain tumor, whereas other embryonal tumor types are considered "rare" and typically affect infants and very young children. (medlink.com)
  • The common embryonal brain tumor medulloblastoma and the rare atypical rhabdoid teratoid tumor are well-defined entities in terms of their histopathological features, immunophenotype, and genetic profiles, as are other brain tumors occurring in this age range, including choroid plexus tumors and infant gliomas, and they are discussed in separate articles. (medlink.com)
  • The overlap in ADC between tumor types appeared partly due to technical factors (in small, heterogeneous, calcific, or hemorrhagic tumors) but also likely reflected true histologic variability, given that our 3 overlap cases included a desmoplastic medulloblastoma, an anaplastic ependymoma, and a JPA with restricted diffusion in its nodule. (ajnr.org)
  • One recent study showed no overlap between ADC values in the 3 main pediatric posterior fossa tumors: medulloblastoma ( n = 8), JPA ( n = 17), and ependymoma ( n = 5). (ajnr.org)
  • 1 had n = 12 10 and 1 found no overlap between ADC values in ependymoma ( n = 6) and primitive neuroectodermal tumor ( n = 9, including medulloblastoma). (ajnr.org)
  • Because medulloblastoma is a posterior fossa tumor, anterior displacement of the precentral cerebellar vein may be seen. (medscape.com)
  • Alexander was two years old when he was diagnosed with medulloblastoma, the most common pediatric brain tumor. (ouralexander.org)
  • Medulloblastoma is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "an embryonal neuroepithelial tumor arising in the cerebellum or dorsal brainstem, presenting mainly in childhood and consisting of densely packed small round undifferentiated cells with mild to moderate nuclear pleomorphism and high mitotic count. (medscape.com)
  • Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumor of childhood, with an annual incidence of about 0.5-0.8/100,000 in children younger than 19 years. (medscape.com)
  • Dissemination of medulloblastoma within cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways is a defining pathobiologic characteristic of this tumor, and about 30% of patients will have CSF metastasis at presentation. (medscape.com)
  • The previously mentioned tendency of medulloblastoma to spread via CSF pathways can lead to diffuse "sugar coating" of the subarachnoid space and to nodular growths along the spinal cord or even ventricular surfaces. (medscape.com)
  • Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that can appear in the brain or spinal cord. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Peripheral neuroepithelioma crude neuroectodermal growth and atypical Ewing's sarcoma. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Recent progress and novel approaches to treating atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor Neoplasia. (usc.edu)
  • Advancing biology-based therapeutic approaches for atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors Neuro Oncol. (usc.edu)
  • Pediatric Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors of the Brain: Identification of Metabolic Subgroups Using In Vivo 1H-MR Spectroscopy AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. (usc.edu)
  • Anderson SA, Singh N. Atypical teratoid / rhabdoid tumor. (pathologyoutlines.com)
  • Correction to: Radiotherapy for Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor (ATRT) on the Pediatric Proton/Photon Consortium Registry (PPCR). (mayo.edu)
  • Radiotherapy for Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor (ATRT) on the Pediatric Proton/Photon Consortium Registry (PPCR). (mayo.edu)
  • The differential diagnosis of a malignant effusion is accordingly broad, especially for the small round blue cell tumors that includes not only mesenchymal tumors, but also non-mesenchymal tumors, such as neuroblastoma and Wilms tumor. (cytojournal.com)
  • Other rare non-epithelial malignancies that may be encountered in effusion cytology include neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, and metastatic brain tumors. (cytojournal.com)
  • WHO CNS5 defines three main entities: embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), CNS neuroblastoma FOXR2 -activated, and CNS tumor with BCOR internal tandem duplication. (medlink.com)
  • Neuroblastoma is an extracranial, solid tumour of sympathetic nervous system originating in the sympathetic ganglia and the medullary region of the adrenal gland. (rroij.com)
  • Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) exhibit great diversity in their clinical manifestations and pathologic similarities with other small round cell tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNETs) often exhibit aggressive clinical behavior, with worse outcomes than other small, round cell tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Differential diagnosis of small round cell tumors is particularly difficult due to their undifferentiated or primitive character. (ejao.org)
  • Ewing sarcoma, however, is more common in bone, while peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNETs) are more common in soft tissues. (medscape.com)
  • PLB initially was described as reticulum cell sarcoma by Oberling in 1928, to distinguish it from other primary malignant bone tumors. (radiologykey.com)
  • Ewing sarcoma, a highly malignant primary bone tumor that is derived from red bone marrow, was first described by James Ewing in 1921. (medscape.com)
  • Radiograph of Ewing sarcoma of the os naviculare, a rare location for the tumor. (medscape.com)
  • Ewing sarcoma accounts for approximately 5% of biopsy-analyzed bone tumors and approximately 33% of primary bone tumors. (medscape.com)
  • No single morphologic or functional imaging method provides findings for a specific diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma, but the results do contribute to tumor staging. (medscape.com)
  • Although plain radiographs may show typical signs of Ewing sarcoma, MRI provides more accurate information about tumor size. (medscape.com)
  • The radiographic appearance of Ewing sarcoma may mimic that of osteomyelitis, as well as those of other malignant tumors, such as leukemia. (medscape.com)
  • Both long and flat bones are affected in Ewing sarcoma because no bone is immune to tumor development. (medscape.com)
  • What is Ewing's Sarcoma Family of Tumors? (sarcomahelp.org)
  • Ewing's sarcoma (ES) was first described by James Ewing in 1921 as a 'diffuse endothelioma of bone' (Ewing 1921). (sarcomahelp.org)
  • The tumor which bears his name is generally referred to as Ewing's sarcoma when spoken and either Ewing's sarcoma or Ewing sarcoma when written. (sarcomahelp.org)
  • Subsequently, these two tumors have been grouped into a class of cancers entitled Ewing's Sarcoma Family of Tumor (ESFT), all of which demonstrate this translocation. (sarcomahelp.org)
  • Ewing's sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (ES/pPNET) belongs to a family of round-cell neuroectodermally derived tumors. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Cancer Staging Manual, 8th edition: For osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma, staging is based on distinct tumor category, histologic grade, size, nodal involvement, and metastases (TNM classification). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Germ cell tumors of the brain include germinoma, teratoma, embryonal carcinoma and yolk-sac tumors. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Multi-institutional analysis of central nervous system germ cell tumors in patients with Down syndrome Pediatr Blood Cancer. (usc.edu)
  • While most tumors metastatic to the serous membranes are of epithelial origin, cytologists should be aware that non-epithelial neoplasms can also cause malignant effusions including sarcomas, melanomas, germ cell tumors, and, more rarely, brain tumors. (cytojournal.com)
  • Common non-epithelial neoplasms that may cause malignant effusions include malignant melanoma, sarcomas, and other neoplasms including germ cell tumors [ Figure 1 ]. (cytojournal.com)
  • Most tumors metastatic to the serous membranes are of epithelial origin. (cytojournal.com)
  • These lesions are accessible through endoscopic/endobronchial ultrasound-guided or computed tomography-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology and represent a wide range of primary and metastatic tumors. (allenpress.com)
  • Tumors metastatic to mediastinal lymph nodes represent the most common mediastinal lesions and must be differentiated from primary lesions. (allenpress.com)
  • Primary malignant bone tumors are much less common than metastatic bone tumors, particularly in adults. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Malignant tumors may be primary or metastatic. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Myriad clinical presentations depend on the size and location of the primary tumor and metastatic sites but can occur without any specific symptoms. (rroij.com)
  • however, they account for 25% of central nervous system tumors affecting children under 1 year of age. (medlink.com)
  • The incidence of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNETs) is likely underreported in the literature because recent diagnostic advances have allowed these tumors to be distinguished from other small, poorly differentiated, round cell tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Subependymal giant cell tumors may occur in children and adults who have a condition called tuberous sclerosis . (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Juxta-articular giant cell tumors of the lower end radius are common and present a special problem of reconstruction after tumor excision. (jbstjournal.com)
  • Giant cell tumors (GCT) of the bone are aggressive and are recognised for variable clinical behaviour, which is not always related to radiographic or histological appearance [1]. (jbstjournal.com)
  • Although childhood brain tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous), both types can be life-threatening. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Giant cell tumor is a benign bone tumor, locally aggressive with low malignant potential. (jbstjournal.com)
  • Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is a benign but locally aggressive tumor with tendency for local recurrence [2]. (jbstjournal.com)
  • Brain tumors may be congenital in children younger than 3 years of age and range from benign complex lesions to highly malignant neoplasms. (medlink.com)
  • These features were representative of benign fibroepithelial tumour. (columbiagypsy.net)
  • Overview of Bone and Joint Tumors Bone tumors may be benign or malignant. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Mature teratoma is a benign germ cell tumor commonly found in young women. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mature teratoma is a benign germ cell tumor of the ovary, commonly found in reproductive women, which is composed of mature tissues from two or three germ layers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Photomicrograph shows characteristic cytoplasmic CD-99 staining in peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor. (medscape.com)
  • SWI/SNF complex heterogeneity is related to polyphenotypic differentiation, prognosis, and immune response in rhabdoid tumors Neuro Oncol. (usc.edu)
  • Tumors in the pons are called pontine gliomas (or diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas, DIPG). (kidshealth.org)
  • Recent advances in the molecular diagnosis and treatment of pineoblastoma, a rare embryonal tumor of the pineal gland with particular penetrance in infants and young children, are also highlighted in this review. (medlink.com)
  • Medulloepithelioma (ME) is a rare embryonal tumor predominantly located in the eye or in the central nervous system without an established treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Medulloepithelioma (ME) is a rare embryonal tumor with a distinctive pathology characterized by papillary and tubular patterns recalling the primitive epithelium of the medullary plate and the embryonal neural tube [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The diagnosis was neuroectodermal embryonal tumor with patterns of ME (Table 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Midbrain tumors may cause eye symptoms similar to pontine gliomas, along with headaches and vomiting. (kidshealth.org)
  • Gliomas also can be named according to the type of glial cells involved or the location of the tumor. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Feasibility of Treating High Grade Gliomas in Children with Tumor-Treating Fields: A Case Series Cureus. (usc.edu)
  • Malignant gliomas are a type of tumor that develops in the brain or the spine. (medicalnewsbulletin.com)
  • Unlike, childhood gliomas, pediatric embryonal tumors have better survival after treatment. (medicalnewsbulletin.com)
  • This has made classifying this family of tumors challenging and controversial. (medscape.com)
  • peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNETs) and Ewing family of tumors (EFTs) are often referred to interchangeably in the literature. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] Generally, Ewing family of tumors (EFTs) and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNETs) represent different manifestations of the same tumor and have similar genetic alterations. (medscape.com)
  • Although peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNETs) are exceedingly rare, the annual incidence of tumors from the larger Ewing family of tumors (EFTs) from birth to age 20 years is 2.9 per million population. (medscape.com)
  • The overall survival rate for PLB is better than the survival rates for other primary bone tumors. (radiologykey.com)
  • Even if multiple myeloma is considered a hematologic tumor, the identified skeletal abnormality must be differentiated from other bone tumors. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are a group of highly malignant tumors composed of small round cells of neuroectodermal origin that affect soft tissue and bone. (medscape.com)
  • They account for 4-17% of all pediatric soft tissue tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Temporal bone computed tomography revealed expansile soft tissue densities and diffuse erosive destruction on left temporal bone ( Fig. 3 ). (ejao.org)
  • This shows expansile soft tissue densities and diffuse erosive destruction on the left temporal bone. (ejao.org)
  • The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) staging system: Used by orthopedic oncology surgeons based on histologic grade (eg, Stage I-low-grade histology and Stage II-high-grade histology, whether the tumor is contained entirely within the bone (A) or has broken outside of the cortex into surrounding soft tissue (B), and metastases Stage III). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Brain tumors are commonly treated with surgery and/or other therapies including chemotherapy and radiation . (childrenshospital.org)
  • Post-treatment changes include diffuse FDG uptake in marrow after chemotherapy, indicating rebound of normal marrow, and MR imaging signal abnormalities that may persist for anywhere from a few months to years after treatment. (radiologykey.com)
  • While combined treatments (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy) is currently being applied, the tumor still has a poor prognosis. (ejao.org)
  • PNETs are a group of tumors that can happen anywhere in the brain. (kidshealth.org)
  • In this chapter, these will be covered using an approach that has become a standard one in dealing with this group of tumors. (abdominalkey.com)
  • Medulloblastomas are highly malignant tumors and are the most common malignant posterior fossa tumor in the pediatric population. (medscape.com)
  • Immunohistochemical and cytogenetic studies suggest that these tumors all have a common origin. (medscape.com)
  • While the origin of these tumors is still not definitively known, the two theories with the most support suggest that these tumors arise from a primitive cell derived either from an embryologic tissue called the neural crest, or from resident cells in the body (called mesenchymal stem cells) that have a capability to become one of a variety of tissue types. (sarcomahelp.org)
  • [ 9 ] Of note, these tumors are rare in African American children and children of Asian descent, with most worldwide cases occurring in white and Hispanic children and adolescents. (medscape.com)
  • About 2,200 children and adolescents in the United States are diagnosed with a brain tumor each year. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Most children and adolescents who develop brain tumors survive into adulthood. (childrenshospital.org)
  • [ 1 ] This tumor is most frequently observed in children and adolescents aged 4-15 years and rarely develops in adults older than 30 years. (medscape.com)
  • The notion of controlling tumor growth through a naturally occurring biochemical mechanism in the body that directs cancer cells into normal channels of differentiation is one of the theoretical foundations of antineoplaston therapy. (cancer.gov)
  • MRI with morphologic sequences is the first important step in identifying tumor location and extension and in differentiation from other tumor histotypes. (medscape.com)
  • They are overlapping entities with the same histological origin but different degree of neuroectodermal differentiation (absent for ES, definite for pPNET). (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Central neurocytoma/extraventricular neurocytoma is a central nervous system (CNS) tumor composed of uniform round cells with neuronal differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Central neurocytoma/extraventricular neurocytoma is a low-grade tumor with neuronal differentiation that occurs in the central nervous system (CNS), and histologically corresponds to WHO grade II. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Diagnosing non-epithelial malignancies in effusion specimens based entirely upon their cytomorphologic features is difficult because these neoplasms often exhibit considerable morphological overlap and their cytomorphology can differ from the original tumor. (cytojournal.com)
  • Stout first described PNETs in 1918, and these tumors were thought to arise directly from nerves. (medscape.com)
  • [ 2 ] This disease is the second most common malignant bone tumor in young patients, and it is the most lethal bone tumor. (medscape.com)
  • Choroid plexus tumors , which arise from cells lining the ventricles of the brain. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Choroid plexus tumors arise in the tissue located in the spaces of the brain called ventricles. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Between 10 and 20 percent of brain tumors that occur within the first year of life are choroid plexus tumors. (childrenshospital.org)
  • In contrast to medulloblastomas, which by definition originate from the cerebellum or dorsal brainstem, other CNS embryonal tumors may arise across the neuraxis. (medlink.com)
  • At a large tertiary referral pediatric hospital, we examined initial pre-resection imaging and pathology reports for all children who had surgical biopsy or resection of a tumor located in the cerebellum and/or fourth ventricle from 2006 to 2009. (ajnr.org)
  • DWI might, in theory, effectively distinguish tumor types and histologic grades because higher grade tumors with more densely packed cells should have increasingly restricted diffusion (with a lower ADC). (ajnr.org)
  • We hypothesized that overlap cases would be infrequent and would have obvious technical or histologic causes and that anatomic tumor features could supplement DWI to provide accurate diagnosis in these cases. (ajnr.org)
  • The residual viable tumor showed histologic aspects overlapping with these of the first biopsy, partly characterized by more solid areas, with the same immunophenotypic pattern (Figure 4 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • They can present as large tumors occupying contiguous cerebral lobes or as primary pineal, brainstem, or spinal cord tumors. (medlink.com)
  • Meningeal tumors , such as meningioma, which arise from the membranes (meninges) surrounding the brain and spinal cord. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • However, as scientists continue to learn more about the specific genetic mutations that occur in childhood brain tumors, they are starting to develop targeted treatments (precision medicine) that can be used in brain tumor treatment. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Childhood brain tumors frequently appear in different locations and behave differently than brain tumors in adults. (childrenshospital.org)
  • In this article, the authors provide an overview of current concepts of clinicopathologic characteristics, specific molecular diagnosis, and general treatment strategies for these rare embryonal tumors of childhood. (medlink.com)
  • Although uncommon in children younger than 2 years of age, primary CNS tumors at this age comprise almost 15% of all childhood brain tumors. (medlink.com)
  • More than 80% of renal tumors of childhood are Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma) ( 1 , 2 ). (abdominalkey.com)
  • It is a childhood tumor occurring in infants and young children (five years and less in 90% of all cases) [ 1 , 2 ]. (rroij.com)
  • These tumors begin from "glial" cells, which support functions of the nervous system. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Mixed neuronal-glial tumors , which have abnormal neuron cells and abnormal glial cells. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Previous studies have reported that tumors of CNS arising from mature teratoma are generally from glial cells or primitive neuroectodermal cells [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant primary bone tumor (if one considers myeloma a marrow cell tumor and not a primary bone tumor) and is highly malignant. (msdmanuals.com)
  • People with neurofibromatosis type 1 (a genetic condition that causes tumors to grow on nerve tissue) have an increased risk of developing them. (kidshealth.org)
  • At relapse, the tumor tissue revealed a different molecular signature compared to the initial tumor mass. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The tissue plane between tumor and brain was easily developed using standard microsurgical technique. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • In recent years, attention has focused on imaging methods that examine specific tissue properties relevant to the tumor biology, with the aim to elucidate unresolved clinical questions when using conventional structural imaging. (radiologykey.com)
  • Otherwise functional and molecular imaging techniques may investigate on tumor cellularity and tissue ultrastructure and tumor metabolism and vascularity, providing noninvasive assessment of tumor biology thus improving the care planning process. (radiologykey.com)
  • However, the peritumoral edema, which exhibits similar diffusion properties as tumor tissue, often precludes precise delineation of the tumor based on diffusion information alone. (radiologykey.com)
  • OpenPBTA: The Open Pediatric Brain Tumor Atlas Cell Genom. (usc.edu)
  • The pathology revealed a malignant neoplasm composed of tubules, papillary structures, ribbons of primitive stratified columnar cells, vesicular nuclei, and high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pathology of the tumor at diagnosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Simple structural features (macrocystic tumor, location off midline) aided in distinguishing JPA from the other tumors in these cases. (ajnr.org)
  • Unenhanced CT shows a high-density midline tumor in the posterior fossa with a small amount of surrounding vasogenic edema exerting mass effect on the fourth ventricle, with a moderate degree of hydrocephalus. (medscape.com)
  • MRI findings alone may not be conclusive for a malignant lesion, but MRIs help to show the full extent of tumor spread. (medscape.com)
  • Intracranial ES/pPNET is rare tumor with nonspecific clinical presentation and radiological findings. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • These findings establish a rationale for targeting CD47 in pediatric brain tumors and that blockade of CD47 using an antibody approach could be a potentially efficacious therapeutic strategy. (medicalnewsbulletin.com)