MacrophagesEosinophilsMonocytesMaturationActivity of neutrophilsHuman neutrophilsEndothelial cellsMyeloidNeutropeniaNormal neutrophilGranulocytePathwaysProliferationMacrophagePhagocyteRetinoic acidCellsATRAGranulocytic differentiationTh17Production of reactiveInflammationCytoplasmMetabolismInfiltrationElastaseLineagesChemotaxisAutophagyDefensePhagocyticMoleculesPeripheral bloodMurineNucleiInnateMediatorsBoneProgressionDeficiencyIndirectlyRoleMicrobialEngulfBacteria
Macrophages11
- In particular, the inflammatory response leads to injury of epithelial/endothelial cells and enhances the release of inflammatory mediators, including chemokines, cytokines and inflammatory cells (mainly neutrophils and macrophages , but also eosinophils , basophils, mast cells). (omicsonline.org)
- Sivelestat significantly inhibited the increase in lung collagen content, fibrotic changes, the numbers of total cells (including macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes), the levels of the active form of TGF-β1 and phospho-Smad2 in bleomycin-induced early-stage pulmonary fibrosis. (ersjournals.com)
- TNF skews monocyte differentiation from macrophages to dendritic cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
- This multifunctional cytokine stimulates progenitor cells of neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages. (biolegend.com)
- Myeloid cells are a type of immune cell that includes macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes, as well as some types of dendritic cells and megakaryocytes. (upenn.edu)
- Histological evaluation also revealed significant signs of inflammation, with infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages at days three and eight post-challenge in the unvaccinated animals. (virology.ws)
- Gr-1 is expressed on monocytes, neutrophils and subsets of macrophages, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and T cells. (stemcell.com)
- We believe that the proinflammatory cytokine GM-CSF plays an important role in rheumatoid arthritis through the activation, differentiation, and survival of macrophages and neutrophils, and that modulation of macrophage function through targeting the receptor may offer a novel approach to treatment," Gerd Burmester , MD, of Charite-University-Medicine Berlin, explained. (medpagetoday.com)
- However, these immunotherapeutic approaches are hampered by the tumor-promoting nature of myeloid cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. (frontiersin.org)
- Tissue infiltration by activated innate immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils, if untreated, leads to rapidly progressive organ injury, that can involve many organ systems. (nature.com)
- Platelets release platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b) from their alpha granules to attract neutrophils and macrophages. (medscape.com)
Eosinophils4
- The granulocyte network includes 3 main components: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. (medscape.com)
- In the 1950s Pierard described the presence of clusters of neutrophils and eosinophils in the dermal papillae, especially in more recent lesions. (scielo.br)
- Specific granule deficiency involves morphological and functional abnormalities in neutrophils and eosinophils and is characterised by lack of specific or secondary granules in developing mature neutrophils. (lu.se)
- The white blood cells (leukocytes) are further divided into phagocytes or myeloid (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes) and immunocytes or lymphoid (lymphocytes). (medscape.com)
Monocytes2
- It is expressed by monocytes and neutrophils but absent from leukemic cell lines representing early stages of myelomonocytic differentiation. (fishersci.com)
- Monocytes in the bone marrow transiently express Gr-1 during development and the expression level is strongly correlated with granulocyte differentiation and maturation. (stemcell.com)
Maturation4
- The neutrophil maturation and differentiation pathway termed myelopoiesis takes approximately 12 days. (medscape.com)
- The homeostasis of zinc is particularly important for cell maturation and cell differentiation, cell cycle progression, and proper functioning of immune cells. (acuatlanta.net)
- Therapy should not be modified on the basis of incomplete blast maturation (differentiation) detected up to 50 days or more after the start of treatment. (medscape.com)
- CD40 ligand is also necessary for T cells to interact with other cells of the immune system, and it plays a key role in the maturation (differentiation) of T cells, which allows them to carry out their specific functions. (medlineplus.gov)
Activity of neutrophils4
- This work highlights a pro-tumorigenic activity of neutrophils, which is likely linked to their tissue regenerative functions. (nature.com)
- Although neutrophils play an important role in fighting intruding invaders, the impact of increased Na + on the antimicrobial activity of neutrophils remains elusive. (frontiersin.org)
- Stimulation of neutrophils with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) overcame high salt-induced impairment in ROS production and restored antimicrobial activity of neutrophils. (frontiersin.org)
- Membranous CD14 is crucial in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils. (bvsalud.org)
Human neutrophils3
- In suspension, human neutrophils have an average diameter of 8.85 µm. (wikipedia.org)
- The average lifespan of inactivated human neutrophils in the circulation has been reported by different approaches to be between 5 and 135 hours(5 days and 15 hours). (wikipedia.org)
- Jayaram Y, Hogg N. Surface expression of CD14 molecules on human neutrophils. (bdbiosciences.com)
Endothelial cells2
- Functional studies revealed increased expression of ICAM-1 on induced patient-derived endothelial cells (iECs) and of β2-integrins on patient neutrophils that increase neutrophil adhesion and vascular transendothelial migration (TEM). (nature.com)
- We characterize the role of increased Lyn kinase activity in neutrophils, endothelial cells and lesional liver biopsies and utilized an iPSC-derived endothelial cell platform for disease modeling of neutrophilic vasculitis and to screen and evaluate drug efficacy. (nature.com)
Myeloid6
- We used primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples and human AML cell lines to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy and its role in AML differentiation. (hindawi.com)
- Our results thus suggest that H4K16ac plays a dual role in myeloid cells as it not only regulates differentiation and apoptosis, but it also exhibits a non-canonical structural role in poising chromatin for cleavage at an early stage of neutrophil cell death. (csic.es)
- Bernstein ID, Self S. Joint report of the Myeloid Section of the Second International Workshop on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens. (bdbiosciences.com)
- Notch signaling is a pathway that plays a role in the development and differentiation of many cell types, including myeloid cells. (upenn.edu)
- Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation via myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling is central to pathogen responses. (cdc.gov)
- These malignancies are further characterized by the maturity and differentiation of the individual cell types and are divided into acute leukemias such as acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic leukemias such as chronic myeloid leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (medscape.com)
Neutropenia4
- During his postdoctorial research at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, he worked with a group that demonstrated that a neutrophil differentiation factor (G-CSF) therapy ameliorated the neutropenia associated with cytotoxic chemotherapy and accelerated neutrophil recovery following bone marrow transplantation. (aacc.org)
- Leukopenia (decrease in WBC) is most often due to a lower number of neutrophils, referred to as neutropenia. (medscape.com)
- Neutropenia is a reduction in the blood neutrophil count. (msdmanuals.com)
- Treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is used to stimulate neutrophil production and prevent bacterial infections after cancer chemotherapy and with severe chronic neutropenia. (msdmanuals.com)
Normal neutrophil1
- A normal neutrophil should have 3-5 segments. (wikipedia.org)
Granulocyte1
- These findings suggest that the CSF used in this study accelerated the differentiation of the granulocytic cells and the proliferation of granulocyte colony-forming units in the spleen. (eurekamag.com)
Pathways3
- Our data clearly suggest that granulocytic AML differentiation relies on noncanonical autophagy pathways and that restoring autophagic activity might be beneficial in differentiation therapies. (hindawi.com)
- Although the principal stimulus that triggers the phenomenon of massive PMNL migration from the vasculature to the epidermis is unknown, several new pathways involved directly and indirectly with neutrophil chemotaxis have been the topic of recent investigations. (medscape.com)
- She is investigating two different ligands and their receptive G-protein coupled receptors WNT5A/Frizzle and cysteinyl leukotriene C4/CysLTR2 signaling pathways which both upregulates 15-PGDH and induce re-differentiation of colon cancer cells. (lu.se)
Proliferation1
- neutrophil chemoattractant, production of reactive oxygen, fibroblast proliferation. (biolegend.com)
Macrophage3
- Mice with Socs3 deleted specifically in hematopoietic cells succumb to severe neutrophil and macrophage-driven inflammation by 1 year of age, and responses to G-CSF are grossly exacerbated. (nih.gov)
- The differentiation of Socs3-deficient progenitor cells is skewed toward macrophage production in response to G-CSF or IL-6, whereas wild-type progenitor cells produce mainly neutrophils. (nih.gov)
- Introduction regulate choices of expressed genes as part of the macrophage/ neutrophil lineage. (lu.se)
Phagocyte3
- Neutrophils are a type of phagocyte and are normally found in the bloodstream. (wikipedia.org)
- Whereas inhibition of p38/MAPK did not result in improved neutrophil defense, pharmacological blockade of the phagocyte oxidase (PHOX) or its genetic ablation mimicked the impaired antimicrobial activity detected under high salt conditions. (frontiersin.org)
- Human mononuclear phagocyte differentiation antigens. (bdbiosciences.com)
Retinoic acid3
- We found a significantly lower expression of key autophagy- (ATG-) related genes in primary AML as compared to healthy granulocytes, an increased autophagic activity during all- trans retinoic acid- (ATRA-) induced neutrophil differentiation, and an impaired AML differentiation upon inhibition of ATG3, ATG4D, and ATG5. (hindawi.com)
- All trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) induces acute promyelocytic leukemic NB4 cells along granulocytic differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
- Although all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced differentiation has transformed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) from the most fatal to the most curable hematological disease, resistance to ATRA in high-risk APL patients remains a clinical challenge. (bvsalud.org)
Cells19
- They are formed from stem cells in the bone marrow and differentiated into subpopulations of neutrophil-killers and neutrophil-cagers. (wikipedia.org)
- Whereas basophilic white blood cells stain dark blue and eosinophilic white blood cells stain bright red, neutrophils stain a neutral pink. (wikipedia.org)
- During the beginning (acute) phase of inflammation, particularly as a result of bacterial infection, environmental exposure, and some cancers, neutrophils are one of the first responders of inflammatory cells to migrate toward the site of inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
- The nucleolus disappears as the neutrophil matures, which is something that happens in only a few other types of nucleated cells. (wikipedia.org)
- It was concluded that G-CSF supported the neutrophil differentiation of committed colony-forming cells, IL-3 supported that of both committed and multipotent colony-forming cells. (elsevierpure.com)
- These findings identify emperipolesis as a new cell-in-cell interaction that enables neutrophils and potentially other cells passing through the megakaryocyte cytoplasm to modulate the production and membrane content of platelets. (elifesciences.org)
- Almost 50 years ago, it was observed that MKs can engulf other hematopoietic cells, most commonly neutrophils ( Larsen, 1970 ). (elifesciences.org)
- Genome-wide mapping of H4K16ac in terminally differentiated blood cells, along with functional experiments, supported a role for this histone post-translational modification in the regulation of cell differentiation and apoptosis in the hematopoietic system. (csic.es)
- Among the mechanisms involved in fibrosis, a cornerstone for the progression of the fibrotic process is the differentiation of fibroblasts towards activated cells, namely myofibroblasts, which contribute in the production of abundant amount of extracellular matrix [ 2 ]. (omicsonline.org)
- GM-CSF is also a differentiation and activating factor for granulocytic and monocytic cells. (biolegend.com)
- Recognition of both HSV-1 and HSV-2 leads to differentiation of TH17 cells, which secrete IL-17 and IL-22. (virology.ws)
- In the periphery, Gr-1 is found predominantly on neutrophils and is a useful marker for these cells. (stemcell.com)
- This antibody clone has been verified for purity assessments of cells isolated with EasySep™ kits, including EasySep™ Mouse Neutrophil Enrichment Kit (Catalog #19762). (stemcell.com)
- The enhanced Muc5ac levels in MyD88-deficient mice were not explained by differences in the differentiation program of airway secretory cells in naïve mice. (cdc.gov)
- Next, the course will explain the process of mediating the inflammatory response through the migration of neutrophils (the most common type of granulocytes that make up the majority of white blood cells in humans) to the site of action. (alison.com)
- It then demonstrates the differentiation process of the B-cells into plasma B-cells for producing antibodies to deal with antigens from pathogens. (alison.com)
- The focus of this review is to highlight the role of statins in modulating the function and differentiation of various blood cells. (archivesofmedicalscience.com)
- In addition, this CSF induced faster recoveries of neutrophils in the peripheral blood and progenitor spleen cells of cyclophosphamide (CY)-treated mice. (eurekamag.com)
- In the first evaluation experiment, expansion ability of T cells activated by Cluster of Differentiation (CD) CD3/CD28 magnetic beads is less than 5 times. (who.int)
ATRA2
- Excitingly, 416 effectively overcame ATRA resistance in vitro and in vivo by inducing apoptosis and differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
- Treatment with ATRA should be continued until terminal differentiation of blasts and achievement of complete remission. (medscape.com)
Granulocytic differentiation1
- The CEBPE gene encodes a transcription factor, which is expressed primarily during granulocytic differentiation. (lu.se)
Th171
- 2021. The Neutrophil Antimicrobial Peptide Cathelicidin Promotes TH17 Differentiation. (bu.edu)
Production of reactive1
- High salt caused reduced spontaneous movement, degranulation and impaired production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) while leaving neutrophil viability unchanged. (frontiersin.org)
Inflammation3
- In a recent study [ 9 ] it was indicated for the first time that among various mediators involved in the inflammation-driven differentiation of fibroblast to an activated myofibroblast, a main architect is the neutrophil, a cell whose role in fibrosis was obscure up to now. (omicsonline.org)
- Increased Muc5ac levels in MyD88-deficient mice were also not explained by augmented inflammation, IL-17A, or neutrophil elastase levels. (cdc.gov)
- Syrina is a pharmacist and her research in cell pathology focuses on neutrophils recruitment in colorectal cancers microenvironment and in cancer related inflammation. (lu.se)
Cytoplasm2
- Tethered neutrophils enter in membrane-bound vesicles before penetrating into the megakaryocyte cytoplasm. (elifesciences.org)
- Different characteristics of the nuclei and cytoplasm of the cell allow differentiation by instrumentation and microscopy. (medscape.com)
Metabolism1
- Here, we have shown that metabolism and autophagy are developmentally programmed and essential for neutrophil differentiation in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
Infiltration2
- Fig. 2: Radiation exposure induces the infiltration and local activation of lung neutrophils. (nature.com)
- It´s still not clear what role the infiltration of neutrophils in colorectal cancer have and how many types of neutrophils exist that interact with cancer and its effect on CRC microenvironment. (lu.se)
Elastase2
- Neutrophil elastase plays pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. (ersjournals.com)
- In the bleomycin-induced early-stage pulmonary fibrosis model, the neutrophil elastase level was increased in the lungs. (ersjournals.com)
Lineages1
- While previous studies show that autophagy is required for differentiation of other blood cell lineages, its function during granulopoiesis has remained elusive. (ox.ac.uk)
Chemotaxis2
- [ 1 ] Neutrophils move to the site of invasion by means of chemotaxis, which occurs in response to microbial products, activated complement proteins, and cytokines. (medscape.com)
- Chemotaxis of neutrophils involves movement of pseudopodia and polymerization of cytoskeletal proteins or actin. (medscape.com)
Autophagy2
- Inhibiting autophagy-mediated lipid degradation or fatty acid oxidation alone was sufficient to cause defective differentiation, while administration of fatty acids or pyruvate for mitochondrial respiration rescued differentiation in autophagy-deficient neutrophil precursors. (ox.ac.uk)
- Together, we show that autophagy-mediated lipolysis provides free fatty acids to support a mitochondrial respiration pathway essential to neutrophil differentiation. (ox.ac.uk)
Defense2
- Neutrophils are the first-line defense the body has upon invasion by a foreign microorganism. (medscape.com)
- In addition, zinc supports the body's defense system by promoting healthy neutrophil, natural killer cell and T-lymphocyte function. (acuatlanta.net)
Phagocytic2
- Fasting, on the other hand, strengthened the neutrophils' phagocytic capacity to engulf bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
- However, the role of CD14(+) microparticles (MPs) derived from apoptotic neutrophils (apo-MP) during the phagocytic process is not clear. (bvsalud.org)
Molecules1
- This can involve the activation of Notch receptors on one cell type by ligands on another cell type, or the production of signaling molecules by one cell type that affect the differentiation or function of another cell type. (upenn.edu)
Peripheral blood1
- When adhered to a surface, neutrophil granulocytes have an average diameter of 12-15 micrometers (µm) in peripheral blood smears. (wikipedia.org)
Murine1
- Here we show that, in neutrophils, increases in Na + (high salt, HS) impair the ability of human and murine neutrophils to eliminate Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . (frontiersin.org)
Nuclei1
- 168 Up to 17% of female human neutrophil nuclei have a drumstick-shaped appendage which contains the inactivated X chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
Innate2
- Neutrophils are critical and short-lived mediators of innate immunity that require constant replenishment. (ox.ac.uk)
- Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) is involved in innate immunity and epithelial differentiation. (springeropen.com)
Mediators1
- Neutrophils are one of the most common inflammatory mediators in tumors which secretes a large amount of leukotrienes. (lu.se)
Bone2
- Their differentiation in the bone marrow requires extensive cytoplasmic and nuclear remodeling, but the processes governing these energy-consuming changes are unknown. (ox.ac.uk)
- Bone marrow megakaryocytes engulf neutrophils in a phenomenon termed emperipolesis. (elifesciences.org)
Progression1
- Neutrophils also contribute to tumor progression, yet establishing the difference between PMN-MDSCs and tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN) remains challenging ( 11 , 15 , 16 ). (frontiersin.org)
Deficiency1
- Individuals with specific granule deficiency express normal levels of lactoferrin and transcobalamin in their saliva but not in either their plasma or neutrophils. (lu.se)
Indirectly1
- IL-17 confers protection by indirectly recruiting neutrophils and by working together with IL-22 to produce antimicrobial peptides and defensins. (virology.ws)
Role2
- In the early stages of Professor Hampton's career he investigated the role that neutrophil oxidants play in killing phagocytosed microbes. (otago.ac.nz)
- Our findings reveal a critical role for Lyn kinase in modulating inflammatory signals, regulating microvascular permeability and neutrophil recruitment, and in promoting hepatic fibrosis. (nature.com)
Microbial1
- In 2007 researchers at the Whitehead Institute of Biomedical Research found that given a selection of sugars on microbial surfaces, the neutrophils reacted to some types of sugars preferentially. (wikipedia.org)
Engulf1
- found that the capacity of neutrophils to engulf bacteria is reduced when simple sugars like glucose, fructose as well as sucrose, honey and orange juice were ingested, while the ingestion of starches had no effect. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria1
- Neutrophils scavenge for bacteria and foreign debris. (medscape.com)