ProliferationIPSCsGenesHuman embryonic stemVivoEmbryosSelf-renewal and differentiation into multipleTissuesAdult stemProgenitor CellsEarly differentiationLineageGrowth and differentiationDifferentiateTherapiesMesodermPopulationsProgenitorsInduce differentiationSomatic cellsBlastocystMesenchymal stemTransplantationMolecularDevelopmentEndothelialRetinoic acidGerm cellsHematopoietic StemPathwaysChromatinFateNanogHematopoiesisUpon differentiationCellular differentiationRegulationBiologyApoptosisOsteogenicLineagesDerivationEpithelialGenomeRenalTranscription factorMSCsGeneticStromal cellsKidneyInhibitorStem Cell ResHistoneEmbryoidMechanismsRegulateGene expressionDifferentialTotipotentDevelopmentalTumorExtracellular matrixInhibitsInhibition
Proliferation15
- Recently, it has been noted that OCT-4 not only maintains pluripotency in embryonic cells but also has the ability to regulate cancer cell proliferation and can be found in various cancers such as pancreatic, lung, liver and testicular germ cell tumors in adult germ cells. (wikipedia.org)
- Combined treatment with selumetinib and a dose of palbociclib sufficient to reinforce G1 arrest in selumetinib-sensitive cells, but not to impair proliferation of resistant cells, delays the emergence of resistant colonies, meaning that escape from G1 arrest is critical in the formation of resistant clones. (babraham.ac.uk)
- Role of Orthopedia (Otp) in proliferation, migration and differentiation of the murine neuroendocrine hypothalamus. (cnr.it)
- Shortly afterwards, the original experimental protocol was replicated and optimized by several laboratories, confirming that iPSCs share the gene expression profile, epigenetic modifications, and proliferation rates as well as the pluripotency of ESCs [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- The transplantation of iPSC-derived RPCs decreased the levels of biomarkers indicative of renal injury and attenuated the necrosis and apoptosis of renal tissues, but resulted in the up-regulation of renal tubules formation, cell proliferation, and the expression of pro-renal factors. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our results revealed that iPSC-derived RPCs can protect AKI rat from renal function impairment and severe tubular injury by up-regulating the renal tubules formation, promoting cell proliferation, reducing apoptosis, and regulating the microenvironment in the injured kidney. (biomedcentral.com)
- In response to acute injury, the adult kidney shows some level of regeneration characterized by the proliferation of the surviving cells and the replacement of the necrotic tubular cells with functional tubular epithelium [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Cell proliferation involves the replication of all cellular contents with the required energy for this to happen. (hindawi.com)
- To prevent aberrant cell proliferation, these pathways are tightly regulated. (hindawi.com)
- This activation is necessary for both cell proliferation as well as glucose uptake and use. (hindawi.com)
- Signaling through CD19 induces tyrosine phosphorylation, calcium flux and proliferation of B cells. (thermofisher.com)
- The receptor for CD19 is an important functional regulator of normal and malignant B cell proliferation, and is expressed in all B cell precursor leukemias. (thermofisher.com)
- We found that the depletion of Nanog inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in EpCAM + CD44 + HCT-116 cells. (researchsquare.com)
- A number of studies have revealed that the Nanog is a biomarker of CSCs, regulating cancer progression [12], as well as playing an important role in proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and stress response in CSCs in many cancers such as cervical, breast, and bladder cancers [12-16]. (researchsquare.com)
- This has allowed us to reveal potential mechanisms controlling fibroblast fate during migration, proliferation, and differentiation following skin injury, and thereby reexamine the canonical phases of wound healing. (stanford.edu)
IPSCs26
- Transduction of Lhx2 into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) was also effective in generating KSL cells in vitro, as well as HSC-like activities in vivo. (ebiotrade.com)
- Oct-4 is one of the transcription factors used to create induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), together with Sox2, Klf4 and often c-Myc (OSKM) in mouse, demonstrating its capacity to induce an embryonic stem cell-like state. (wikipedia.org)
- 6- Differentiation of iPSCs into cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells for disease modeling and screening. (uh.edu)
- Wu J, Matthias N, Bhalla S, Darabi R . Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential of Human iPSCs in a Murine Model of VML. (uh.edu)
- Derivation of autologous induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) through direct reprogramming of easily accessible somatic cells holds the potential to transform the field of regenerative medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
- Here, we summarize current reprogramming methodologies with a focus on the production of transgene-free or genetically unmanipulated iPSCs and highlight important technical details that ultimately may influence the biological properties of pluripotent stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- In 2006, a major breakthrough was reported in Japan by Takahashi and Yamanaka, who described the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from mouse fibroblasts via over expression of defined transcription factors [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- On the basis of the unlimited capacity to be propagated in vitro , iPSCs are good targets for genetic manipulation by gene therapy or gene correction by homologous recombination. (biomedcentral.com)
- Ideally, iPSC-based therapies in the future will rely on the isolation of skin fibroblasts or keratinocytes, their reprogramming into iPSCs, and the correction of the genetic defect followed by differentiation into the desired cell type and transplantation. (biomedcentral.com)
- Several experimental strategies have been developed to derive iPSCs from differentiated somatic cells (summarized in Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
- Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were successfully produced by reprogramming mouse and human fibroblasts in 2006, which has had a major impact on stem cell and organoid research [12] . (danabiosci.com)
- laid the foundations of brain organoids by demonstrating the self-organization of human brain iPSCs into neural cells that formed polarized cortical tissues [13] . (danabiosci.com)
- Human brain organoids are generated from iPSCs derived from cells from patients with microcephaly in 2013 [16] . (danabiosci.com)
- Organoids can be generated from two types of stem cells: pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and organ-restricted adult stem cells (AdSCs). (danabiosci.com)
- Embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are also utilized for AKI recovery. (biomedcentral.com)
- In this study, we induced iPSCs differentiation into RPCs using a nephrogenic cocktail of factors combined with the renal epithelial cell growth medium. (biomedcentral.com)
- We showed that the differentiation efficiency of iPSCs to RPCs increased when cultured with renal epithelial cell growth medium after stimulation with a nephrogenic cocktail of factors. (biomedcentral.com)
- Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a type of newly defined stem cell with properties similar to those of ESCs in terms of self-renewal and differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
- Histone acetylation has been implicated to be important for the pluripotent cell state, as some HDAC inhibitors have been shown to improve reprogramming efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or maintain a pluripotent stem cell state. (biomedcentral.com)
- Metabolomic profiles of somatic cells, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) reflect their metabolic phenotypes. (shengsci.com)
- Among PSCs, the donors available for induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are greatest, providing a potentially universal cell source for all types of cell therapies including cancer immunotherapies using natural killer (NK cells). (molcells.org)
- Unlike primary NK cells, those prepared from iPSCs can be prepared with a homogeneous quality and are easily modified to exert a desired response to tumor cells. (molcells.org)
- There already exist several protocols to genetically modify and differentiate iPSCs into NK cells, and each has its own advantages with regards to immunotherapies. (molcells.org)
- In this short review, we detail the benefits of using iPSCs in NK cell immunotherapies and discuss the challenges that must be overcome before this approach becomes mainstream in the clinic. (molcells.org)
- Among stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have a number of features that make them ideal as the starting source. (molcells.org)
- In this review, we examine the manufacturing and gene engineering of NK cells generated from iPSCs (iPS-NK) for ACT. (molcells.org)
Genes19
- Identification of genes involved in in vitro differentiation induction of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) has been challenged during last decade. (ebiotrade.com)
- Laminin 411 markedly induced the expression of the genes Foxa2 and Sox17 , markers for pancreatic precursor cells, efficiently induced IPC differentiation from MSCs, and up-regulated insulin expression at both mRNA and protein levels. (biomedcentral.com)
- Similarly, several genes expressed in the primitive streak during gastrulation and implicated in early mesendoderm differentiation, such as Brachyury, Mixl1 and Eomes, were upregulated in cell cultures on stiffer compared to softer substrates. (ox.ac.uk)
- These include generation of knock-in reporter stem cell lines to study myogenic differentiation, CRISPR/Cas9 gene targeting methods to correct mutated genes in muscular dystrophies, and using bioscaffolds, seeded with stem cells, to treat skeletal muscle injuries. (uh.edu)
- Background: Bivalent chromatin domains consisting of the activating histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and repressive histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) histone modifications are enriched at developmental genes that are repressed in embryonic stem cells but active during differentiation. (researchgate.net)
- Here we show that bivalent domains and chromosome architecture for bivalent genes are dynamically regulated during the cell cycle in human pluripotent cells. (researchgate.net)
- Central to this is the transient increase in H3K4-trimethylation at developmental genes during G1, thereby creating a 'window of opportunity' for cell-fate specification. (researchgate.net)
- Selumetinib causes long-term G1 arrest accompanied by reduced expression of DNA replication and repair genes, but cells stochastically re-enter the cell cycle during treatment despite continued repression of pERK1/2. (babraham.ac.uk)
- Isolation of the murine homologs of the otd and ems homeobox containing genes and analysis of their expression during brain development. (cnr.it)
- It is now known that there are at least 80 imprinted genes in humans and mice, many of which are involved in embryonic and placental growth and development. (wikipedia.org)
- explosion further, consider that a fictitious small genome with 2002) More recently and more dramatically, the potential for 260 genes would host the same number of combinations as cell state conversions is exemplified by the reprogramming of the number of atoms in the visible universe! (lu.se)
- This mechanism also applies to hematopoietic cells transformed by other HOX genes, including CDX2, which is highly expressed in a majority of acute myeloid leukemias, thus providing a molecular approach based on GSK-3 inhibitory strategies to target HOX-associated transcription in a broad spectrum of leukemias. (stanford.edu)
- The production of terminally differentiated cells from such cells, therefore, requires successive changes of cell fates, meaning that genes relevant for the next stage of differentiation must be switched on and genes not relevant anymore must be switched off. (amegroups.org)
- PGCs express several pluripotency-related TFs such as NANOG, POU5F3 , and SOX2 , and their expression controls transcription of germness-related genes in these cells [ 11 , 29 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Differential expression analyses were performed between TBLCs and multi-embryonic cell stages to identify differentially expressed genes. (sciencegate.app)
- Remarkably, a subpopulation within the TBLCs population expressed a high level of the totipotent-related genes Zscan4s and displayed transcriptomic features similar to mouse two-cell stage embryonic cells. (sciencegate.app)
- Genome-wide ChIP-seq mapping showed that Brd4 and H4 acetylation are co-occupied in the genome, upstream of core pluripotency genes such as Oct4 and Nanog in ESCs and lineage-specific genes in embryoid bodies (EBs). (biomedcentral.com)
- In the present study, we tested TALEN and double-nicking CRISPR/Cas9 on GS cells, targeting Rosa26 and Stra8 loci as representative genes dispensable and indispensable in spermatogenesis, respectively. (cyberleninka.org)
- In fact, this was shown to be possible by the transfection of genes into GS cells (Kanatsu-Shinohara et al. (cyberleninka.org)
Human embryonic stem2
- It was not until 1998 that American biologist James Thomson isolated and cultured human embryonic stem cells from human blastocysts for the first time [11] . (danabiosci.com)
- In particular, the advent of human embryonic stem cells followed by reprograming technologies for generation of induced pluripotent stem cells have instigated studies into modeling human brain development and disease by providing a means to simulate a human tissue otherwise completely or largely inaccessible to researchers. (ehu.eus)
Vivo12
- These results demonstrate that ectopic expression of Lhx2 confers an in vivo engrafting capacity to ESC/iPSC-derived hematopoietic cells and in vivo behavior of iPSC-derived hematopoietic cells is almost identical to that of ESC-derived cells. (ebiotrade.com)
- Future in vivo studies investigating the clinical applications of these cells to repair cartilage damage and modulate inflammation in large equine joints will shed light on their usefulness in human orthopedic research as well. (stemcell.com)
- To better understand Plasmodium biology, researchers can whether proceed to in vitro studies or use in vivo models. (wjgnet.com)
- The lnc408 is high expressed in BCSCs in vitro and in vivo. (nature.com)
- Scientifically speaking, organoids are in vitro generated three-dimensional (3D), mini-cluster of cells that highly simulate the structure and function of the corresponding organ in vivo [1] . (danabiosci.com)
- The improvement of cell culture conditions through mimicking the in vivo microenvironment was made in 1987. (danabiosci.com)
- Un rôle majeur des prostaglandines dans l'hématopoïèse, ainsi mis en évidence, a pu être étendu à la souris chez qui un traitement par la prostaglandine PGE2 provoque la multiplication des CSH in vivo et in vitro, un résultat qui génerera très probablement des applications cliniques. (hypotheses.org)
- Currently, the ability to culture in vitro totipotent cells possessing molecular and functional features like those of an early embryo in vivo has been a challenge. (sciencegate.app)
- However, it is disputed whether TBLCs are 'true' totipotent stem cells equivalent to in vivo two-cell stage embryos. (sciencegate.app)
- This study underscores the subtle differences between in vitro derived TBLCs and in vivo mouse early developmental cell stages at the single-cell transcriptomic level. (sciencegate.app)
- 2- to 4-cell and morula- to blastocyst-stage mouse embryos were cultured for 1 h in tritiated leucine at two specific activities and their subsequent development followed in vitro and in vivo (after transfer to recipients), respectively. (sciencegate.app)
- We examined the anti-tumor function of Nanog in vitro and in vivo, using small interfering RNA. (researchsquare.com)
Embryos10
- Mouse embryos that are Oct-4 deficient or have low expression levels of Oct-4 fail to form the inner cell mass, lose pluripotency, and differentiate into trophectoderm. (wikipedia.org)
- While ER Clark first reported the observation of vascular generation in tadpoles in 1909, and Stockard described blood-vessel development and coined the term angioblast in fish embryos in 1915, it was not until 1920 that F Sabin described the formation of blood cells through the angioblast 'liquefying' within the aorta [ 1 - 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Isolation and expression analysis in murine embryos of Dlx5 and Dlx6, two murine homologues of the Drosophila Distal-less gene. (cnr.it)
- The potential use of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for cell replacement therapies is limited by ethical concerns and the technical hurdles associated with their isolation from human embryos. (biomedcentral.com)
- In the rare instances that they develop to postimplantation stages, gynogenetic embryos show better embryonic development relative to placental development, while for androgenones, the reverse is true. (wikipedia.org)
- Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) were first isolated and established from mouse embryos in 1981 [7] [8] . (danabiosci.com)
- Quantitative evaluation of tissue-processing procedures has permitted selection of conditions which reduce changes in linear dimensions to −1·6 ± 1·8 % in two-cell embryos. (sciencegate.app)
- Efficient generation of embryonic stem cells from single blastomeres of cryopreserved mouse embryos in the presence of signalling modulators. (axonmedchem.com)
- A) foxq2 , fzl5/8, and six3 expression in 32-cell and late blastula-stage control embryos (Aa-d), ΔFzl5/8 mRNA-injected embryos (Af-i), and embryos treated with JNK inhibitor (Ak-n). (echinobase.org)
- A) foxq2 expression at stages from 32-cell to hatched blastula, as well as fzl5/8 and six3 expression at mesenchyme blastula stage in control embryos (Aa-f), Fzl1/2/7 morpholino-injected embryos (Ah-m), and embryos treated with PKC inhibitor (Ao-t). (echinobase.org)
Self-renewal and differentiation into multiple2
- Stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and adult stem cells, have the potential of self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell types and therefore hold great promise in regenerative medicine [ 11 - 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- At these sites, which are a compound of stromal cells, extracellular matrix and soluble factors, complex molecular interactions that maintain the essential properties of stem cells occur, such as self-renewal and differentiation into multiple lineages, according to the organism's needs. (bvsalud.org)
Tissues14
- Cells Tissues Organs (2011) 193 (4): 239-252. (karger.com)
- Another defect this gene can have is dysplastic growth in epithelial tissues which are caused by a lack of OCT-4 within the epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
- In addition, as the genetic identity of the donor egg from which the ESCs are derived most likely will differ from that of potential recipients, patients who receive ESC-derived cells or tissues may face the same complications that result from organ transplantation (for example, immunorejection, graft-versus-host disease, and need for immunosuppression). (biomedcentral.com)
- An intriguing study surveying the transcriptome of murine brain tissues revealed over 1300 imprinted gene loci (approximately 10-fold more than previously reported) by RNA-sequencing from F1 hybrids resulting from reciprocal crosses. (wikipedia.org)
- The developmental potential within pluripotent cells in the canonical model is restricted to embryonic tissues, whereas totipotent cells can differentiate into both embryonic and extraembryonic tissues. (sciencegate.app)
- The TBLCs exhibited totipotency transcriptionally and acquired expanded developmental potential with the ability to yield various embryonic and extraembryonic tissues that may be employed as novel mouse developmental cell models. (sciencegate.app)
- The fertilized oocyte is totipotent, with resultant blastomeres capable of generating all three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, in addition to the extra embryonic tissues. (conditionmed.org)
- Stem cells represent a small fraction of cells located in different tissues. (shengsci.com)
- Multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have regenerative and immunomodulatory properties to restore and repair injured tissues, making them attractive candidates for cell-based therapies. (shengsci.com)
- Recently, emerging evidences have demonstrated that Nanog is expressed in a variety of cancer cell lines and tissues, and is associated with aggressive tumors [10, 11]. (researchsquare.com)
- CD140b is expressed by embryonic tissues and mesenchymal-derived cells of the adult mouse tissues. (thermofisher.com)
- Understanding how stem cells behave in the niche is extremely important in order to extract these cells from their natural habitat, expand them in vitro and transplant the stem cells back to the patient, to repair and/or regenerate tissues and organs, with no risks to the individual's integrity. (bvsalud.org)
- Likewise, the knowledge of stem cell biology is crucial to the development of stem cell therapies, based on tissue engineering applied to dentistry, seeking the regeneration of dental tissues damaged or lost by caries, trauma or genetic diseases. (bvsalud.org)
- Therapies based on the application of stem cells have great potential in the prevention and treatment of several diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, spinal cord injuries, neurological diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, and in the regeneration of various tissues and organs. (bvsalud.org)
Adult stem3
- Kidney tubuloids derived from adult stem cells offer the advantage of long-term culture and expansion, but they include only tubular structures and lack glomerular components. (j-organoid.org)
- In fact, low levels of telomerase activity have been found in human adult stem cells including haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic stem cells such as neuronal, skin, intestinal crypt, mammary epithelial, pancreas, adrenal cortex, kidney, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ( Table 1 ). (nature.com)
- In 2009, Hans Clevers and colleagues first demonstrated that single Lgr5 + -expressing intestinal adult stem cells (ASCs) could self-organize and differentiate to form intestinal crypt-villus structures that contained all intestinal cell types [14] . (danabiosci.com)
Progenitor Cells5
- To varying degrees, these fates also extend to the Such state stability is required in stem and progenitor cells to immediate progeny of stem cells, known as progenitor or support self-renewal and maintenance of the uncommitted transit-amplifying cells. (lu.se)
- Cell-based therapy with mesenchymal stem cells or renal progenitor cells (RPCs) resident in the kidney has appeared to be an effective strategy for the treatment of AKI. (biomedcentral.com)
- However, progenitor cells in the adult kidney are rare, which limits the application of these cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Therefore, the therapeutic use of appropriate populations derived from stem and progenitor cells has been considered for cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, primarily Parkinson's disease, and brain injuries. (ehu.eus)
- Likewise, these cells give rise to progenitor cells committed to a particular cell lineage, and play a crucial role in tissue repair and homeostasis. (bvsalud.org)
Early differentiation1
- Substrate stiffness affects early differentiation events in embryonic stem cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Lineage12
- Transduction of Lhx2 into ESC-derived mesodermal cells resulted in robust differentiation of c-Kit+/Sca-1+/Lineage- (KSL) cells in vitro. (ebiotrade.com)
- Furthermore, transplantation of Lhx2-transduced hematopoietic cells into lethally irradiated mice resulted in multi-lineage repopulation of hematopoietic cells over 4 months. (ebiotrade.com)
- During the last several years, his lab has developed novel methods for multi-lineage differentiation of pluripotent stem cells for cell therapy in mice models of muscular dystrophies and injuries. (uh.edu)
- Stem and progenitor cell populations are often heterogeneous, which may reflect stem cell subsets that express subtly different properties, including different propensities for lineage selection upon differentiation, yet remain able to interconvert. (lu.se)
- The nature of the stem cell substates and their relationship to commitment to differ- entiate and lineage selection can be elucidated in terms of a landscape picture in which stable states can be defined mathematically as attractors. (lu.se)
- This requirement strongly limits the number of solutions or entiation and lineage-specification, programmed cell death, and ``states'' for the system. (lu.se)
- 2008). Historically, this concept is highlighted by the experi- factors are key intrinsic regulators of these fate decisions and mental phenomenon of lineage reprogramming, for example, that fate choice involves modulating networks of transcription by the conversion of fibroblasts to muscles cells following trans- factors. (lu.se)
- Similarly, GATA-1 has been shown to induce lineage switching expression values even if, for simplicity, we assume only ``on'' of committed cells in hematopoiesis, first in cell lines (Kulessa and ``off'' states for each gene. (lu.se)
- Deletion of Jarid2 leads to impaired orchestration of gene expression during cell lineage commitment. (sdbonline.org)
- In addition, TFs generally initiate and guide cell fate such as lineage progression and control the stability of cell differentiation [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Inhibition of Brd4:histone H4 interaction by the BET domain inhibitor (+)-JQ1 in ESCs results in enhanced differentiation to the endodermal lineage, by disrupting the protein abundance dynamics. (biomedcentral.com)
- CD19 appears to be expressed on myeloid leukemia cells, particularly those of monocytic lineage. (thermofisher.com)
Growth and differentiation2
- Our research focuses on developmental pathways that regulate hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation and are disrupted in the course of neoplastic transformation, particularly in leukemias and lymphomas. (stanford.edu)
- All-trans retinoic acid (RA) is the most active metabolite of vitamin A. Several studies have described a pivotal role for RA signalling in different biological processes such as cell growth and differentiation, embryonic development and organogenesis. (mdpi.com)
Differentiate7
- However, there is also evidence to suggest that undifferentiated cells can both sense the mechanical properties of their environment and differentiate accordingly. (ox.ac.uk)
- Embryonic or adult SCs by definition are characterized by their self-renewal and potentiality, peculiarities that allow them to give rise to more SCs and differentiate into various cell lineages under appropriate conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
- According to their potentiality, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are classified as totipotent and pluripotent, both of them can differentiate into the three germ lines. (biomedcentral.com)
- ESCs are obtained from inner cell mass, characterized by unlimited self-renewal and pluripotentiality, which allow them to differentiate into various specialized cells types in a morphologically and functionally way, characteristics that make them attractive for developing differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- We explore the recently described metabolic surge event that occurs as pluripotency is lost and stem cells commit to differentiate. (conditionmed.org)
- Previous studies have shown that it is closely linked with cancer stem cells (CSCs), which have self-renewal potential and the capacity to differentiate into diverse populations. (researchsquare.com)
- Dental pulp stem cells have been isolated from deciduous and permanent teeth and have the potential to self-renew and differentiate. (bvsalud.org)
Therapies6
- Embryonic stem cells (ESC) are both a potential source of cells for tissue replacement therapies and an accessible tool to model early embryonic development. (ox.ac.uk)
- The NAVRMA meeting brings together extremely talented stem cell scientists and veterinarians from all over North America to discuss emerging regenerative therapies in companion animals. (stemcell.com)
- 10 ] showed that the transplantation of mouse ESCs-derived RPCs can result in the stable integration into proximal tubules with normal morphology and normal polarization injection into developing live newborn mouse kidneys, suggesting the potential of ESCs for application in regenerative therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
- To establish protocols for the safe and efficient differentiation of healthy cells for therapies, we must develop a better understanding of the dynamic continuum of metabolic states that span pluripotency and differentiation, and how to influence them. (conditionmed.org)
- It is only through understanding embryonic metabolism and development that we can derive and maintain different in vitro stem cell states for disease modeling and therapies. (conditionmed.org)
- However, further studies are required to gain complete understanding of stem cell biology, which is fundamental for the development of successful cell-based therapies 1-3 . (bvsalud.org)
Mesoderm2
- An increase in expression of less than 2-fold causes differentiation into primitive endoderm and mesoderm. (wikipedia.org)
- During the metanephric development process, epiblasts expressing T (brachyury) give rise to nascent mesoderm on embryonic day (E) 7.5. (j-organoid.org)
Populations6
- Our results suggest a fundamental role for mechanosensing in mammalian development and illustrate that the mechanical environment should be taken into consideration when engineering implantable scaffolds or when producing therapeutically relevant cell populations in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)
- However, given that bivalent domains can still be observed-albeit in lower proportion-in unipotent cells such as T cells and MEFs, an admixture of cell populations appears to be an unlikely explanation for the observed coexistence of these marks. (researchgate.net)
- Basically, given the difference of telomere and telomerase activity in human and mouse cells, the telomere and telomerase status in stem cell populations is different between humans and mice ( Harrington, 2004 ). (nature.com)
- Understanding cell-fate decisions in stem cell populations is a major goal of modern biology. (lu.se)
- Revealing cell populations catching the early stages of the human embryo development in naïve pluripotent stem cells. (axonmedchem.com)
- Here, we present a multimodal -omics platform for the comprehensive study of cell populations in complex tissue, which has allowed us to characterize the cells involved in wound healing across both time and space. (stanford.edu)
Progenitors5
- Wu J, Matthias N, Lo J, Ortiz-Vitali JL, Shieh AW, Wang SH, Darabi R . A Myogenic Double-Reporter Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Line Allows Prospective Isolation of Skeletal Muscle Progenitors. (uh.edu)
- Assessment of the myogenic stem cell compartment following transplantation of pax3/pax7-induced embryonic stem cell-derived progenitors. (uh.edu)
- Early in murine embryonic development, hematopoietic progenitors can be found in the para-aortic splanchnopleura region on embryonic day 7 (as depicted in Figure 1 A), but these progenitors are not LT reconstituting although they do possess lymphoid potential [ 11 - 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- These more advanced hematopoietic progenitors isolated from the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region at embryonic day 9.5 to 10 can give rise to lymphoid lineages and are LT reconstituting definitive HSCs, but since this time point is after the establishment of the circulatory system in the embryo their source was difficult to determine [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Otx2 cell-autonomous control of thalamic glutamatergic progenitors. (cnr.it)
Induce differentiation1
- Does not induce differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells or endothelial cells. (tocris.com)
Somatic cells8
- In somatic cells, the activity of telomerase, a reverse transcriptase that can elongate telomeric repeats, is usually diminished after birth so that the telomere length is gradually shortened with cell divisions, and triggers cellular senescence. (nature.com)
- Thus, even in stem cells, except for embryonal stem cells and cancer stem cells, telomere shortening occurs during replicative ageing, possibly at a slower rate than that in normal somatic cells. (nature.com)
- Telomeric DNA consists of short guanine-rich repeat sequences in all eukaryotes with linear chromosomes, and its length in human somatic cells is remarkably heterogeneous among individuals ranging from 5 to 20 kb, according to age, organ, and the proliferative history of each cell ( Wright and Shay, 2005 ). (nature.com)
- In most human somatic cells except for stem cells and lymphocytes, telomerase activity is diminished after birth so that telomere length shortens with each cell division. (nature.com)
- To circumvent these obstacles, considerable effort has been invested in attempting to derive ESC-like cells by reprogramming somatic cells to an embryonic state. (biomedcentral.com)
- These epigenetic marks are established ("imprinted") in the germline (sperm or egg cells) of the parents and are maintained through mitotic cell divisions in the somatic cells of an organism. (wikipedia.org)
- In diploid organisms (like humans), the somatic cells possess two copies of the genome, one inherited from the father and one from the mother. (wikipedia.org)
- In reality, gene somatic cells to a pluripotent cell state by a handful of transcrip- expression is graded, making the potential gene expression tion factors (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006). (lu.se)
Blastocyst8
- The transcription factors Oct-4, Sox2 and Nanog are part of a complex regulatory network with Oct-4 and Sox2 capable of directly regulating Nanog by binding to its promoter, and are essential for maintaining the self-renewing undifferentiated state of the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, embryonic stem cell lines (which are cell lines derived from the inner cell mass), and induced pluripotent stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
- In this study, we have analysed the dynamics of H3K27me3 at pericentromeric heterochromatin (PCH) during development of the mouse blastocyst, in comparison with cultured embryonic cells. (sciencegate.app)
- Stem cells derived from blastocyst (naïve ESCs and TSCs) do not fully maintain the H3K27me3 enrichment at PCH. (sciencegate.app)
- We also conclude that the non-canonical presence of H3K27me3 at PCH is a defining feature of embryonic cells in the young blastocyst before epiblast segregation. (sciencegate.app)
- Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are self-renewing, pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of a blastocyst [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- We discuss what is known about the distinct metabolic states captured in vitro by the 2-cell-like, naïve, blastocyst-like, formative, and primed states of pluripotency. (conditionmed.org)
- In the mouse, a transporting epithelium is established around the 8-16-cell stage through a process known as compaction where cell definition is lost and the outer cells of the embryo form tight junctions, giving rise to the blastocyst. (conditionmed.org)
- The blastocyst comprises the inner cell mass (ICM), which gives rise to the three primary germ layers and consequently the fetus, and the trophectoderm (TE), which gives rise to the extraembryonic and placental tissue. (conditionmed.org)
Mesenchymal stem2
- Insulin-producing cells (IPCs) differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise in the treatment of DM. (biomedcentral.com)
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained interest because of its potential application in regeneration medicine and cytotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Transplantation3
- Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Biology and Functionality: Implications for Autologous Transplantation. (shengsci.com)
- The Rosa26-targeted GS cells differentiated into fertility-competent sperm following transplantation. (cyberleninka.org)
- On the other hand, Stra8-targeted GS cells showed defective spermatogenesis following transplantation, confirming its prime role in the initiation of meiosis. (cyberleninka.org)
Molecular8
- Molecular mechanism controlling the expression of the HOX Complex gene family in human teratocarcinoma cells (N-tera2/D1). (cnr.it)
- In addition to these basic issues concerning leukemia pathogenesis, we are devising new diagnostic procedures for detecting and monitoring leukemia patients based on molecular genetic abnormalities in the malignant cells. (stanford.edu)
- Although NANOG plays a key role in germ cells, the molecular mechanism underlying its transcriptional regulation in PGCs has not been studied. (biomedcentral.com)
- The developing embryo, from which pluripotent stem cells originate, undergoes a series of dynamic metabolic transitions synchronized to its molecular development. (conditionmed.org)
- Molecular Cell , 82 (1), 190-208. (axonmedchem.com)
- Molecular cell, 82(1), 106-122. (axonmedchem.com)
- These data could help us to understand the possible viral infections in different stem cells and the activation of specific molecular mechanisms upon viral entrance. (shengsci.com)
- 2004). In order to make GS cells more widely applicable for the study of spermatogenesis at the genetic and molecular levels, it is desirable to be able to modify their genome without disturbing their spermato-genic ability. (cyberleninka.org)
Development27
- Notch receptors and Notch ligands were detected in virtually all cells throughout EB development. (karger.com)
- These gene expressions then lead to phenotypic changes in stem cell differentiation during the development of a mammalian embryo. (wikipedia.org)
- It plays a vital role in determining the fates of both inner mass cells and embryonic stem cells and has the ability to maintain pluripotency throughout embryonic development. (wikipedia.org)
- The recent development of stem cell research and the possibility of generating cells that can be stably and permanently modified in their genome open a broad horizon in the world of in vitro modeling. (wjgnet.com)
- In addition to the new in vitro systems, in recent years there were also significant advances in the development of new animal models that allows studying the entire cell cycle of human malaria. (wjgnet.com)
- The genetic and protein experiments proved the obtention of DKCs that passed through the chronological stages of embryonic kidney development. (biomedcentral.com)
- Our results indicated that we obtained DKCs from mPSCs, which passed through the chronological stages of embryonic kidney development. (biomedcentral.com)
- On day E10.5 of murine development, the metanephric mesenchyme secretes glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). (j-organoid.org)
- Tumor initiation, development, and relapse may be closely associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs). (nature.com)
- This development is also often referred to as fetal hematopoiesis, and was demonstrated by the production of embryonic erythrocytes that still possess a nucleus, express fetal hemoglobin, and lack any lymphoid potential [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Temporal map during gastrulation of the retinoic acid effect on development and patterning of murine brain. (cnr.it)
- Role of Otx1 and Otx2 in brain evolution: functional equivalence between the invertebrate Orthodenticle and the murine OTX1 and OTX2 gene products supports a conserved genetic program of brain development between insects and mammals. (cnr.it)
- Differential dosage-dependent roles of OTX2 in specifying regional identities and neuronal cell types during brain development. (cnr.it)
- Evidence the fate of stem cells has broad ramifications for biomedical suggests that during development or differentiation, cells make science from elucidating the causes of cancer to the use of very precise transitions between apparently stable ``network stem cells in regenerative medicine. (lu.se)
- were used in the development of a human immunocompetent Organ-on-Chip - a human cell-based in vitro model of the choroid layer of the eye integrating melanocytes and microvascular endothelial cells, covered by a layer of retinal pigmented epithelial cells. (ilexlife.com)
- We are studying the role that normal chromatin structure plays in gene regulation in hematopoietic cells and how its disruption leads to altered development and cancer. (stanford.edu)
- The stimulus for the change of cell fate originates from extrinsic signals which set a cascade of intracellular processes in motion that eventually terminate at the genome leading to changes in gene expression and the development of alternate gene regulatory networks. (amegroups.org)
- The development of the hematopoietic system has long served as model to understand how changes in gene regulatory networks drive the differentiation of the various blood cell types. (amegroups.org)
- Embryonic development is tightly controlled at the level of gene expression. (amegroups.org)
- Abstract Early mouse development is characterized by structural and epigenetic changes at the chromatin level while cells progress towards differentiation. (sciencegate.app)
- Here we highlight the journey towards recapitulating human brain development and disease in a dish, progressing from two‐dimensional in vitro systems to the third dimension provided by brain organoids. (ehu.eus)
- In particular, due to the limited regenerative capacity of the adult nervous system, the therapeutic potential of stem cells has opened up new perspectives for development of treatment strategies for brain repair after injury or disease. (ehu.eus)
- Here, we consider the metabolism of the early embryo through development, and look at the nutrient milieu within the developing stem cell niche. (conditionmed.org)
- 2020). This places metabolism at the forefront of development and cell state decisions. (conditionmed.org)
- CD19 is expressed by B cells during all stages of development excluding the terminally differentiated plasma cells. (thermofisher.com)
- During the process of development, neural crest cells migrate out from their niche between the newly formed ectoderm and the neural tube. (shengsci.com)
- Conclusions: In conclusion, these findings collectively demonstrate that Nanog, which is highly expressed in CRC stem cells, is a key factor in the development of tumor growth, and it may serve as a potential marker of prognosis and a novel and effective therapeutic target for the treatment of CRC. (researchsquare.com)
Endothelial2
- were used to establish a 3D organotypic in vitro model containing microtumor spheroids, macrophages, neutrophils, fibroblasts and endothelial cells, allowing for the analysis of tumor-stroma interactions in a controlled and modifiable environment. (ilexlife.com)
- revealed that lung organoids can be produced from the 3D coculturing of endothelial cells and adult bronchioalveolar stem cells [17] . (danabiosci.com)
Retinoic acid1
- Expression analysis of the human Hox Complex in teratocarcinoma cells (N-tera2/D1) upon treatment with retinoic acid and the definition of temporal colinearity concept. (cnr.it)
Germ cells3
- Orthologs of Oct-4 in humans and other species include: Oct-4 contains the following protein domains: Oct-4 has been implicated in tumorigenesis of adult germ cells. (wikipedia.org)
- NANOG is a core transcription factor (TF) in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and primordial germ cells (PGCs). (biomedcentral.com)
- A germ cell-specific gene regulatory network is required to maintain the unique properties of primordial germ cells (PGCs) for transmission of genetic information to the next generation [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Hematopoietic Stem3
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukaemic Stem Cell environmental stress responses (In vitro biomimicry of hypoxia, normoxia, hypothermia, hyperthermia, hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia): Effect on cellular growth, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and cellular metabolism. (imperial.ac.uk)
- Mathematical modeling of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukaemic Stem Cell culture systems. (imperial.ac.uk)
- Further studies in mice by Cumano and colleagues sought to address the issue of an anatomical origin of the long-term (LT) reconstituting hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) found in adult animals [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathways6
- Our results demonstrate that laminin 411 acts as a potent differentiation inducer of IPCs from UC-MSCs via the Pdx1 and Ngn3 signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
- A critical length of telomere repeats is required to ensure proper telomere function and avoid the activation of DNA damage pathways that result in replicative senescence or cell death. (nature.com)
- In terminally differentiated cell fate is coupled to appropriate regulation of the alternative cells, transcriptional networks must be stable and irreversible, pathways. (lu.se)
- Lipids, amino acids, and nucleotides necessary for the biosynthesis of the daughter cells are mostly provided by intermediate metabolites of these pathways. (hindawi.com)
- In this review, we focus on the impact of ncRNA post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, especially those of microRNAs and lncRNAs, in RA signalling pathways during differentiation and disease. (mdpi.com)
- Because these different Wnt pathways converge on the same cell fate specification process, our data suggest they may function as integrated components of an interactive Wnt signaling network. (echinobase.org)
Chromatin4
- Histone modifications and chromatin-associated protein complexes are crucially involved in the control of gene expression, supervising cell fate decisions and differentiation. (researchgate.net)
- This complex process is regulated by the interplay of transcription factors with a chromatin environment, both of which provide the epigenetic information maintaining cell-type specific gene expression patterns. (amegroups.org)
- SUMOylation of linker histone H1 drives chromatin condensation and restriction of embryonic cell fate identity. (axonmedchem.com)
- Through integrated analysis of single cell chromatin landscapes and gene expression states, coupled with spatial transcriptomic profiling, we are able to impute fibroblast epigenomes with temporospatial resolution. (stanford.edu)
Fate6
- A decrease in Sox2 accompanies increased levels of Oct-4 to promote a mesendodermal fate, with Oct-4 actively inhibiting ectodermal differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
- Role of Otx2 in Epiblast Stem Cells (EpiSCs): Otx2 stabilizes the primed EpiSC state by suppressing mesendoderm into neural fate switch in cooperation with BMP4 and Fgf2. (cnr.it)
- A key challenge is to understand how state, but must also afford flexibility in cell-fate choice to permit the different cell-fate options confronting stem and progenitor cell-type diversification and differentiation in response to cells are selected and coordinated such that adoption of a given intrinsic cues or extrinsic signals. (lu.se)
- Therefore, regulation of NANOG expression plays a critical role in determining the fate of pluripotent cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- In normal cells, the fate of pyruvate depends on many factors, one of which is oxygen availability. (hindawi.com)
- Statistically derived geometrical landscapes capture principles of decision-making dynamics during cell fate transitions. (axonmedchem.com)
Nanog10
- While differential up- and down-regulation of Oct-4 and Sox2 has been shown to promote differentiation, down-regulation of Nanog must occur for differentiation to proceed. (wikipedia.org)
- Regulation of the NANOG gene by TFs, epigenetic factors, and autoregulatory factors is well characterized in ESCs, and transcriptional regulation of NANOG is well established in these cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Therefore, we investigated the mechanism that regulates transcription of the chicken NANOG ( cNANOG) gene in PGCs and ESCs. (biomedcentral.com)
- however, many recent studies have shown that Nanog is also highly expressed in many cancer stem cells. (researchsquare.com)
- Methods: To investigate whether Nanog plays a crucial role in maintaining the stemness of colorectal CSCs (CCSCs), RNA interference was used to downregulate Nanog expression in the CRC stem cell line, EpCAM + CD44 + HCT-116. (researchsquare.com)
- Results: Our results revealed that the Nanog mRNA expression level in CCSCs was higher than that in HCT-116 cells. (researchsquare.com)
- In addition, the invasive ability of EpCAM + CD44 + HCT-116 cells was markedly restricted when Nanog was silenced by small interfering RNA. (researchsquare.com)
- Nanog is a unique homeobox transcription factor required to maintain the self-renewal and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). (researchsquare.com)
- Nanog plays key role in maintaining CSC status and evasive resistance to conventional chemotherapy in bladder cancer stem cells and lung cancer stem cells [18, 19]. (researchsquare.com)
- In our previous study, we found that Nanog mRNA expression in colon cancer stem cells (CCSCs) was higher than that in the total CRC cells. (researchsquare.com)
Hematopoiesis1
- We portrayed the Notch system in embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) differentiating under the standard protocols used to assess yolk sac (YS) hematopoiesis in vitro. (karger.com)
Upon differentiation1
- We observed that the protein levels of Brd4 decreased upon differentiation together with global histone H4 acetylation. (biomedcentral.com)
Cellular differentiation2
- The intestinal dysplasia resulted from an increase in progenitor cell population and the upregulation of β-catenin transcription through the inhibition of cellular differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
- Recent genome-wide studies have identified the distribution of different histone-post-translational modifications (PTMs) in various conditions and during cellular differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
Regulation6
- Thus, a critical amount of Oct-4 is required to sustain stem cell self-renewal, and up- or down-regulation induces divergent developmental programs. (wikipedia.org)
- however, little is known about a role of laminin 411 in the regulation of IPC differentiation from human MSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
- What started as a series of microscopic observations in different animal model systems has since evolved into studies of gene expression and regulation, and subsequent protein-protein interactions, cell surface protein expression profiling, and functional mapping of cell fates. (biomedcentral.com)
- The regulation of telomere length and telomerase activity is a complex and dynamic process that is tightly linked to cell cycle regulation in human stem cells. (nature.com)
- Therefore, identification of regulatory elements within the promoter region is considered crucial to understand the mechanism underlying transcriptional regulation in specific cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
- Successful differentiation is guided in large part by epigenetic reprogramming and regulation of critical gene expression patterns. (biomedcentral.com)
Biology3
- Our study has identified a new experimental model for stem cell biology, namely 'cluster 3', as a subpopulation of TBLCs that can be molecularly defined as near totipotent cells. (sciencegate.app)
- Stem cell technologies have opened up new avenues in the study of human biology and disease. (ehu.eus)
- They therefore represent a more realistic cellular environment for modeling the cell biology and pathology of the nervous system. (ehu.eus)
Apoptosis2
- A successful therapy must therefore eliminate these cells known to be highly resistant to apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
- In this paper, we describe the metabolic changes as well as the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis occurring in cancer cells and cancer stem cells, underlying the connection between these two processes. (hindawi.com)
Osteogenic3
- Finally, we demonstrated that osteogenic differentiation of ESCs was enhanced on stiff substrates compared to soft substrates, illustrating that the mechanical environment can play a role in both early and terminal ESC differentiation. (ox.ac.uk)
- Promotes osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal cells (Jaiswal et al. (stemcell.com)
- Promotes osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation of mouse mesenchymal cells (Tropel et al. (stemcell.com)
Lineages2
- Regarding vibrational spectroscopy analysis by FTIR, bands related with biomolecules were shown on mPSCs and DKCs spectra, observing distinct differences between cell lineages and maturation stages. (biomedcentral.com)
- The future direction of the study of hematopoietic stem cells will probably make use of pluripotent stem cells to yield specific immune cell lineages and eventual clinical applications. (biomedcentral.com)
Derivation3
- Derivation of Skeletal Myogenic Precursors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Conditional Expression of PAX7. (uh.edu)
- Yamanaka's discovery on the derivation of pluripotent stem cells from adult cells in 2006 inspired me to enroll in graduate school with the intent of studying stem cells. (stemcell.com)
- Moreover, the dynamic of H3K27me3 at PCH during in vitro conversion from naïve to primed pluripotent state and during ESCs derivation suggests that the mechanisms underlying the control of this histone mark at PCH are different in embryo and in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
Epithelial2
- discovered the differentiation of alveolar type II epithelial cells in ECM extract [10] . (danabiosci.com)
- The process is hypothesized to involve epithelial cell dedifferentiation, interstitial cell transdifferentiation and/or activation of quiescent stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Genome1
- Although the cultured SSCs, named germline stem (GS) cells, are targets of genome modification, this process remains technically difficult. (cyberleninka.org)
Renal6
- In order to find more promising treatments to stimulate renal repair, stem cell-based technology has been proposed as a potentially therapeutic option. (biomedcentral.com)
- Similarly, it opens a new path for the treatment and repair of damaged renal cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Specifically, about the paracrine activities of amniotic fluid stem cells, renal stem cells, embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cell, induced pluripotent stem cells as well as other stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Because in order to avoid renal injury, the recovery of affected cells is as significant as preventing its progression towards end stage renal disease [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- In 2010, renal organoids were produced from murine fetus-derived kidney stem cells [15] . (danabiosci.com)
- Next, we examined the renal function-related markers and renal histology to assess the therapeutic effect of the injected cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Transcription factor2
- Here, we show that HSC-like cells were efficiently induced from mouse ESCs by enforced expression of Lhx2, a LIM-homeobox transcription factor. (ebiotrade.com)
- In contrast, cancer cells shift their metabolism toward lactate production even in the presence of oxygen [ 4 ], partly through genetic modifications that stabilize the transcription factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) involved in the adaptation of the cells to hypoxia, under nonhypoxic conditions as well as generating an adaptive response to the hypoxic microenvironment (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
MSCs5
- MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) and expanded in an in vitro culture system. (biomedcentral.com)
- UC-MSCs were then cultured in the IPC induction and differentiation medium in the presence of laminin 411. (biomedcentral.com)
- My ultimate goal is to evaluate the potential of equine mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in musculoskeletal repair. (stemcell.com)
- I found that cord blood-derived equine MSCs have greater cartilage and bone differentiation potential than cord tissue-derived MSCs from the same donor, though they have similar immunomodulatory properties. (stemcell.com)
- 1) The choice of MSC source is application-dependent, and variations seen in the phenotype and function of MSCs from the same donor suggest that there are different in situ origins of these cells. (stemcell.com)
Genetic7
- In this research, we generate differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) from mouse pluripotent stem cells (mPSCs) analyzing their morphological, genetic, phenotypic, and spectroscopic characteristics along differentiation, highlighting that there are no reports of the use of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to characterize the directed differentiation of mPSCs to DKCs. (biomedcentral.com)
- ERKi treatment of cells drives the poly-ubiquitylation and proteasome-dependent turnover of ERK2 and pharmacological or genetic inhibition of Cullin-RING E3 ligases prevents this. (babraham.ac.uk)
- Recently, the importance of telomere maintenance in human stem cells has been highlighted by studies on dyskeratosis congenital, which is a genetic disorder in the human telomerase component. (nature.com)
- These cells are cultured in a specific environment that allows them to follow the ingrained genetic instructions to self-organize into functional 3D structures. (danabiosci.com)
- However, cancer cells overcome these controls, in particular by acquiring genetic mutations leading to the activation of oncogenes (pten, myc) or loss of tumor suppressors (p53) [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Accordingly, scientists have developed protocols for the expansion, genetic modification and differentiation of stem cells to NK cells. (molcells.org)
- TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9, when applied in GS cells, will be valuable tools in the study of spermatogenesis and for revealing the genetic mechanism of spermatogenic failure. (cyberleninka.org)
Stromal cells1
- Presently, kidney organoids contain not only nephrons and ureteric buds but also stromal cells. (j-organoid.org)
Kidney6
- So as a new therapeutic approach, stem cells are under research with a focus on reducing the burden of several kidney diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
- The kidney is a complex organ composed of several cell types, and it is conformed approximately by 11,000 nephrons. (biomedcentral.com)
- Since the first publication on generating kidney-like cell aggregates from pluripotent stem cells, various modifications have been made to develop more complex and detailed kidney structures. (j-organoid.org)
- In contrast to earlier models that featured nephron-like structures, these advances have improved the differentiation efficiency and similarity to the human kidney. (j-organoid.org)
- The human kidney contains approximately one million nephrons, each composed of at least 20 different cell types. (j-organoid.org)
- The embryonic kidney consists of the metanephric mesenchyme and ureteric buds. (j-organoid.org)
Inhibitor3
- Here, we investigate amplification events that underlie resistance to the MEK inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244/ARRY-142886) in COLO205 cells, a well-characterized model for reproducible emergence of drug resistance, and show that amplifications acquired are the primary cause of resistance. (babraham.ac.uk)
- Our findings demonstrate that acquisition of MEK inhibitor resistance often occurs through gene amplification and can be suppressed by impeding cell cycle entry in drug. (babraham.ac.uk)
- Recently, it was reported that treatment with a single spliceosome inhibitor, pladienolide B (plaB), can successfully reprogram mouse pluripotent stem cells into totipotent blastomere-like cells (TBLCs) in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
Stem Cell Res4
- Stem Cell Research. (uh.edu)
- Now, 6 years later, I've not only worked with iPS cells, but have been able to marry my passion for horses and stem cell research in the study of stem cells for equine orthopedic injuries. (stemcell.com)
- Stem cell research began to flourish. (danabiosci.com)
- Innovations in Training: Toward Mitigating "Eternal post-docdum" in Stem Cell Research. (shengsci.com)
Histone5
- Many promoters in embryonic stem (ES) cells harbor a distinctive histone modification signature that combines the activating histone H3 Lys 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) mark an. (researchgate.net)
- Here, we present a quantitative and comprehensive study of the abundance levels of histone PTMs during the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) using mass spectrometry (MS). We observed dynamic changes of histone PTMs including increased H3K9 methylation levels in agreement with previously reported results. (biomedcentral.com)
- Together, our data demonstrate the fundamental role of Brd4 in monitoring cell differentiation through its interaction with acetylated histone marks and disruption of Brd4 may cause aberrant differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
- Single-cell profiling of transcriptome and histone modifications with EpiDamID. (axonmedchem.com)
- GCNA is a histone binding protein required for spermatogonial stem cell maintenance. (axonmedchem.com)
Embryoid1
- Differentiation of embryoid bodies in vitro was observed in 1961 by Pierce and Verney [6] . (danabiosci.com)
Mechanisms6
- It includes the possible stem cell therapy mechanisms involved and outcomes recorded so far, the limitations of using these regenerative medicines, and the progressive improvement in stem cell therapy by adopting approaches like PiggyBac, Sleeping Beauty, and the Sendai virus. (biomedcentral.com)
- The MCPK model is qualitatively based on in vitro and quantitatively on clinical data to describe occupancy-dependent CYP3A4 enzyme induction, accumulation, and drug-drug interaction mechanisms. (ilexlife.com)
- Many studies have investigated germ cell-specific gene promoters to understand their regulatory mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
- The related coactivator complexes SAGA and ATAC control embryonic stem cell self-renewal through acetyltransferase-independent mechanisms. (axonmedchem.com)
- Because of their specific niche and a limited number of stem cells, the key question is whether there are different anti-viral mechanisms against viral infection notably COVID-19. (shengsci.com)
- Furthermore, T cells and NK cells complement each other in that certain immune suppression mechanisms taken by tumor cells that are effective against T cells, such as the downregulation of human leukocyte antigens (HLA), have proven to be stimulatory for NK cells. (molcells.org)
Regulate1
- Osr1 -expressing cell clusters spatially regulate Six2 expression, which in turn induces the cap mesenchymal population. (j-organoid.org)
Gene expression1
- In the developing embryo, TFs regulating the assembly/disassembly of transcriptional complexes and ultimately gene expression, are directed by complex extrinsic signalling processes which connect all cells within a multi-cellular organism to their environment. (amegroups.org)
Differential1
- Steinberg formulated the Differential Adhesion Hypothesis (DAH) of cell sorting out in 1964. (danabiosci.com)
Totipotent1
- Up to the 2-cell embryo, blastomeres remain totipotent (Garner and McLaren, 1974). (conditionmed.org)
Developmental5
- used conditional expression and repression in murine embryonic stem cells to determine requirements for Oct-4 in the maintenance of developmental potency. (wikipedia.org)
- (B) Subset of cell surface markers used in the characterization of this developmental process. (biomedcentral.com)
- However, all developmental processes originate from pluripotent precursor cell types. (amegroups.org)
- We also highlight recent studies identifying the cis -regulatory elements such as enhancers at the global level and explain how their developmental activity is regulated by the cooperation of cell-type specific and ubiquitous transcription factors with extrinsic signals. (amegroups.org)
- To address this question, single-cell RNA sequencing was applied to TBLCs and cells from early mouse embryonic developmental stages and the data were integrated using canonical correlation analyses. (sciencegate.app)
Tumor4
- however, restoration of CBY1 expression in tumor cells reduces BCSC and its enrichment, thus lnc408 plays an essential role in maintenance of BCSC stemness. (nature.com)
- Recapitulating the Angiogenic Switch in a Hydrogel-Based 3D In Vitro Tumor-Stroma Model. (ilexlife.com)
- Accumulating evidence shows that cancer stem cells are key drivers of tumor formation, progression, and recurrence. (hindawi.com)
- Typically, rapidly proliferating tumor cells have glycolytic rates up to 200 times higher than those of their normal tissue of origin, even in the presence of oxygen [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Extracellular matrix1
- Chemical factors such as soluble growth factors and insoluble components of the extracellular matrix are known to affect the differentiation of murine ESCs. (ox.ac.uk)
Inhibits1
- Repressed Oct-4 levels that lead to ectodermal differentiation are accompanied by an increase in Sox2, which effectively inhibits mesendodermal differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
Inhibition1
- Stability of Imprinting and Differentiation Capacity in Naïve Human Cells Induced by Chemical Inhibition of CDK8 and CDK19. (axonmedchem.com)