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Transcription FactorsCell DifferentiationTranscription, GeneticDNA-Binding ProteinsPromoter Regions, GeneticGene Expression RegulationMolecular Sequence DataBase SequencePaired Box Transcription FactorsPAX2 Transcription FactorSp1 Transcription FactorGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalRNA, MessengerHomeodomain ProteinsPAX7 Transcription FactorTrans-ActivatorsCell LineSignal TransductionRepressor ProteinsCells, CulturedBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription FactorsTranscriptional ActivationBinding SitesNuclear ProteinsProtein BindingAmino Acid SequenceForkhead Transcription FactorsTranscription Factor AP-1MutationTransfectionDNAMuscle Fibers, SkeletalSatellite Cells, Skeletal MuscleReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionCell NucleusMuscle DevelopmentMuscle, SkeletalBasic-Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsTranscription Factor AP-2Genes, ReporterGene ExpressionKruppel-Like Transcription FactorsStem CellsMice, Inbred C57BLChromatin ImmunoprecipitationCell LineageMice, KnockoutMice, TransgenicPAX9 Transcription FactorGene Expression ProfilingPhenotypeCell ProliferationSTAT3 Transcription FactorMyoblastsTranscription Factors, TFIIGATA4 Transcription FactorHeLa CellsIn Situ HybridizationYY1 Transcription FactorNFATC Transcription FactorsModels, BiologicalBlotting, WesternImmunohistochemistryZinc FingersCloning, MolecularRecombinant Fusion ProteinsEnhancer Elements, GeneticElectrophoretic Mobility Shift AssayTranscription Factor TFIIDNF-kappa BMyoD ProteinActivating Transcription Factor 3Tumor Cells, CulturedUp-RegulationTranscription Initiation SiteGATA3 Transcription FactorRegenerationDown-RegulationSp3 Transcription FactorCell Line, TumorPhosphorylationRegulatory Sequences, Nucleic AcidCell DivisionOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisPlasmidsMEF2 Transcription FactorsGATA1 Transcription FactorActivating Transcription Factor 2Proto-Oncogene ProteinsE2F1 Transcription FactorBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsGATA2 Transcription FactorProtein Structure, TertiaryEmbryonic Stem CellsTranscription Factor TFIIBMicrophthalmia-Associated Transcription FactorTCF Transcription FactorsLuciferasesRNA Polymerase IIHelix-Loop-Helix Motifs
MyoDMyoblastMyoblastsPAX3Basal laminaSkeletal muscle satellite cellsProliferationPorcineMRNAAdult skeletalIsoformsAblationMyonucleiRegulateGeneMusclesExpressionDifferentiateFateFibersFibroblast growthReducesGeneticOverexpressionQuiescenceMolecularLevelsMaintainEnhancerDevelopmentalImportantPromoteActivitySuggestResponsible
MyoD21
  • Their fate is regulated by the expression of various transcription factors, including paired box 7 (Pax7) and myogenic differentiation (MyoD) [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs): MyoD, Myf5, Myf6 and Myogenin. (wikipedia.org)
  • PAX3 mediates the transcription of c-Met and is responsible for the activation of MyoD expression-one of the functions of MyoD is to promote the regenerative ability of satellite cells (described below). (wikipedia.org)
  • Associated Genetic Factors: PAX3, c-Met, Mox2, MSX1, Six, Myf5, and MyoD Mox2 (also referred to as MEOX-2) plays an important role in the induction of mesoderm and regional specification. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, we have successfully predicted and validated that the transcription factor myogenic differentiation (MYOD) binds to the MEG3 core promoter though utilizing chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) and luciferase reporter assays. (bvsalud.org)
  • The results indicated that MYOD acts as a transcription factor of MEG3 to promote MEG3 transcription. (bvsalud.org)
  • It is concluded that MYOD acts as a transcription factor to induce MEG3 expression. (bvsalud.org)
  • The bHLH transcription factor MyoD is a master regulator of myogenic differentiation, and its sustained expression in fibroblasts suffices to differentiate them into muscle cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Unstable MyoD oscillations and long periods of sustained MyoD expression are observed when stem cells undergo myogenic differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The oscillatory expression of MyoD is driven by the oscillatory expression of the bHLH transcription factor Hes1 that periodically represses MyoD. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, oscillations of MyoD and Hes1 control the balance between the proliferation and differentiation of muscle stem cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we describe time-lapse imaging methods using luciferase reporters, which can monitor dynamic MyoD gene expression in myogenic cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we examined the time-dependent expression patterns of multiple biomarkers associated with satellite cell fate, including the transcription factor paired box 7 (Pax7), myoblast determination protein (MyoD), myogenin, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), using immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and quantitative real-time PCR in contused skeletal muscle. (bvsalud.org)
  • Morphometrically, the data obtained from the numbers of Pax7 + , MyoD + , and myogenin + cells were highly correlated with the wound age. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pax7, MyoD, myogenin, and IGF-1 expression patterns were upregulated after injury at both the mRNA and protein levels. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pax7, MyoD, and myogenin protein expression levels confirmed the results of the morphometrical analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Persistent expression of C/EBPβ upregulates Pax7, inhibits MyoD, and blocks myogenic differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When overexpressed in the murine myoblast cell line C2C12 or in primary myoblasts, C/EBPβ reduced MyoD and other myogenic protein levels during differentiation, in addition to reducing myoblast fusion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interestingly recent data indicated that although MyoD is not indicated in quiescent satellite cells in the adult it is transiently indicated in satellite cell progenitors in the embryo suggesting that satellite cells are derived from committed embryonic precursors of myogenic lineage [4] [5]. (healthyguide.info)
  • All superior and inferior rectus muscles from both globes were examined for BrdU incorporation, MyoD expression, neonatal and developmental myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression, and myofiber cross-sectional area alterations. (arvojournals.org)
  • In the resected muscle and in the passively stretched antagonist muscle, there was a dramatic increase in the number of myofibers positive for neonatal MyHC and in the number of BrdU- and MyoD-positive satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)
Myoblast3
  • Myoblast differentiation proceeds in stages. (wikipedia.org)
  • The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) is expressed in Pax7 + satellite cells of healthy muscle and is downregulated during myoblast differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We find that loss of C/EBPβ leads to precocious differentiation at the expense of self-renewal in primary myoblast and myofiber cultures. (biomedcentral.com)
Myoblasts6
  • After several rounds of proliferation, most SCs differentiate into myoblasts, which fuse to form new myofibers [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • If placed in cell culture, most myoblasts will proliferate if enough fibroblast growth factor (FGF) or another growth factor is present in the medium surrounding the cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the growth factor runs out, the myoblasts cease division and undergo terminal differentiation into myotubes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The second stage of differentiation involves the alignment of the myoblasts with one another. (wikipedia.org)
  • We find that C/EBPβ can regulate Notch2 expression and that restoration of Notch activity in myoblasts lacking C/EBPβ prevents precocious differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Loss of C/EBPβ in SCs results in precocious differentiation at the expense of self-renewal in both primary myoblasts and myofiber cultures. (biomedcentral.com)
PAX35
  • Associated Genetic Factors: PAX3 and c-Met Mutations in PAX3 can cause a failure in c-Met expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • PAX3 is needed for the transcription of c-Met. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore our and analyses suggest that the balance of Pax3 Nkx3.2 and Sox9 may act as a molecular Talniflumate switch during the chondrogenic differentiation of muscle mass progenitor cells which may be important for fracture healing. (healthyguide.info)
  • Collectively our data suggest that the balance of Nkx3.2 Sox9 and Pax3 can act as a molecular switch during the chondrogenic differentiation of satellite cells which may play an important part in the healing process experiments were normalized to GAPDH. (healthyguide.info)
  • We demonstrate that mdPCR can give exact molecule counts per cell for mRNA isoforms encoding the myogenic transcription factor Pax3. (biomed.news)
Basal lamina2
  • These cells are located beneath the basal lamina of myofiber in a dormant state. (elifesciences.org)
  • 1 2 Residing outside the sarcolemma but within the basal lamina of individual myofibers is a population of cells that are responsible for muscle repair and regeneration, the satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)
Skeletal muscle satellite cells1
  • Previous studies have shown that lncRNA-MEG3 promotes the differentiation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells (PSCs), but the regulatory mechanism of MEG3 interaction with target protein has not been well studied. (bvsalud.org)
Proliferation6
  • Overall, Gln supplementation stimulated cell proliferation in muscle tissue and in vitro in myogenic cell culture, whereas muscle growth regulatory genes were barely altered. (nature.com)
  • Impairing the function of Mox2 will prevent the proliferation of myogenic precursors and will cause abnormal patterning of limb muscles. (wikipedia.org)
  • Objective: The aim of this study was to reveal the role and regulatory mechanism of miR-188-5p in the proliferation and differentiation of goat muscle satellite cells. (koreascience.kr)
  • Overexpression and interference of miR-188-5p showed that miR-188-5p inhibited the proliferation and promoted the differentiation of goat muscle satellite cells. (koreascience.kr)
  • Further functional studies revealed that CAMK2B promoted the proliferation and inhibited the differentiation of goat muscle satellite cells, whereas si-CAMK2B restored the function of miR-188-5p inhibitor. (koreascience.kr)
  • Conclusion: These results suggest that miR-188-5p inhibits the proliferation and promotes the differentiation of goat muscle satellite cells by targeting CAMK2B. (koreascience.kr)
Porcine1
  • Therefore, we complemented our investigations into the cellular development of the skeletal muscle of neonatal piglets with in vitro studies using a primary porcine myogenic cell culture model with Gln supplementation. (nature.com)
MRNA1
  • Quantifying the exact expression levels of the mRNA isoforms encoding these myogenic transcription factors is therefore key to understanding how MuSCs switch between cell states. (biomed.news)
Adult skeletal1
Isoforms1
  • Both active and passive stretch of the rectus muscles produced by strabismus surgery dramatically upregulated the processes of satellite cell activation, integration of new myonuclei into existing myofibers, and concomitant upregulation of immature myosin heavy chain isoforms. (arvojournals.org)
Ablation3
  • Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α or XBP1 in mice diminishes skeletal muscle regeneration that is accompanied with reduced number of satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Ex vivo cultures of myofiber explants demonstrate that ablation of IRE1α reduces the proliferative capacity of myofiber-associated satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α dampens Notch signaling and canonical NF-κB pathway in skeletal muscle of adult mice. (elifesciences.org)
Myonuclei5
  • The addition of BrdU-positive myonuclei increased from 1 per 1000 myofibers in cross sections of control muscles to 2 to 3 per 100 myofibers in the resected muscles. (arvojournals.org)
  • Single myofiber reconstructions showed that multiple BrdU-positive myonuclei were added to individual myofibers. (arvojournals.org)
  • Addition of new myonuclei occurred in random locations along the myofiber length of single fibers. (arvojournals.org)
  • There was no correlation between myofibers with BrdU-positive myonuclei and neonatal MyHC isoform expression. (arvojournals.org)
  • It is considered postmitotic, in that the myonuclei residing within these myofibers do not divide in adult muscle. (arvojournals.org)
Regulate1
Gene4
  • Myf5 is considered to be the earliest expressed regulatory factor gene in myogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • The use of a muscle creatine kinase germline knockout of the gene encoding Ire1/Ern1 shifts the focus from traditional studies of tissue repair toward the regenerating myofibers. (elifesciences.org)
  • The abundance of Dll4 captured by the QSC correlates with levels of the SC identity gene, Pax7. (sciety.org)
  • The changes of differentiation marker gene expression were detected by qPCR method. (koreascience.kr)
Muscles1
  • Results: It was highly expressed in adult goat latissimus dorsi and leg muscles, goat fetal skeletal muscle, and at the differentiation stage of muscle satellite cells. (koreascience.kr)
Expression6
  • Serum response factor (SRF) plays a central role during myogenesis, being required for the expression of striated alpha-actin genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Using genetic tools to conditionally abrogate C/EBPβ expression in Pax7 + cells, we examined the role of C/EBPβ in self-renewal of satellite cells during muscle regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One significant issue with the manuscript is the "discovery" of an SC continuum related to the relative levels of Pax7 expression. (sciety.org)
  • In the original manuscript we acknowledged that SCs exist on a continuum-a gradual transition from one state to another, based on scRNA-seq studies and the present data (Dll4, Pax7 and Ddx6 expression). (sciety.org)
  • First, the expression of miR-188-5p in goat muscle tissues at different developmental stages was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). (koreascience.kr)
  • The control of MuSC state depends on the expression levels of myogenic transcription factors. (biomed.news)
Differentiate1
  • Postnatal growth and repair of skeletal muscle relies upon a population of quiescent muscle precursor cells, called satellite cells that can be activated to proliferate and differentiate into new myofibers, as well as self-renew to replenish the satellite cell population. (biomedcentral.com)
Fate1
  • One such alternative cell fate is the adipogenic fate as Pax7(+) satellite cells isolated from solitary myofibers used adipogenic fate in addition ARHGAP1 to muscle mass fate significance of these factors we used a mouse fracture healing model inside a genetically altered reporter mouse where muscle mass progenitors were lineage-traced. (healthyguide.info)
Fibers2
  • The findings shed new light on mechanisms of regeneration of healthy myofibers after severe tissue injury and suggest interplay between these fibers and muscle satellite cells though mechanisms remain to be elucidated. (elifesciences.org)
  • 3 When a muscle is injured, this specialized cell population becomes activated, divides, and either repairs damaged fibers or forms new myofibers. (arvojournals.org)
Fibroblast growth2
  • Research on regenerative medicine using basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has recently advanced in the field of laryngology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family and is a key protein in regenerative medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
Reduces1
Genetic3
  • Each stage has various associated genetic factors lack of which will result in muscular defects. (wikipedia.org)
  • Associated Genetic Factors: c-Met/HGF and LBX1 Mutations in these genetic factors causes a lack of migration. (wikipedia.org)
  • These consequences further reveal the complexity of myogenesis and the importance of each genetic factor in proper muscle development. (wikipedia.org)
Overexpression1
  • Subsequently, knockdown and overexpression experiments showed that DLST promotes PSCs differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
Quiescence1
  • For example, these manuscripts establish that elevated Pax7 levels drive quiescence and low Pax7 levels correlate with differentiation. (sciety.org)
Molecular1
  • This paper provides a new molecular mechanism for MEG3 to promote the differentiation of PSCs. (bvsalud.org)
Levels2
  • The quiescent muscle stem cell (QSC) pool is heterogeneous and generally characterized by the presence and levels of intrinsic myogenic transcription factors. (sciety.org)
  • The data establishing a continuum of SCs and the relationship to Pax7 protein levels can largely be eliminated and referenced by the two former manuscripts. (sciety.org)
Maintain4
  • As increased neuromuscular junctions are expected to maintain myofiber volume, bFGF administration may prevent thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy in the mid to long term. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The balance between differentiation and self-renewal is critical to maintain muscle tissue homeostasis, and alterations in this equilibrium can lead to chronic muscle degeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whether extrinsic factors maintain the diversity of states across the QSC pool remains unknown. (sciety.org)
  • conclude that Dll4 and Mib present on myofibers maintain a continuum of SC fates providing SCs capable of regenerating muscle and repopulatin the SC niche. (sciety.org)
Enhancer1
  • They include: Myocyte enhancer factors (MEFs), which promote myogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
Developmental1
  • Originally discovered as axon guidance factors, they have been implicated in cancer progression, embryonal organogenesis, skeletal muscle innervation, and other physiological and developmental functions in different tissues. (biomed.news)
Important2
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the process of muscle cell differentiation and play an important role. (bvsalud.org)
  • The identification of heterogenous distribution of factors across the myofiber is an important contribution for dissecting how muscle stem cell diversity in a tissue is achieved. (sciety.org)
Promote1
  • a reverse function mutant Talniflumate of Nkx3.2 blocks the ability of Sox9 to both inhibit myogenesis and induce chondrogenesis suggesting that Nkx3.2 is required for Sox9 to promote chondrogenic differentiation in satellite cells. (healthyguide.info)
Activity1
  • The delayed growth of LBW piglets is mainly due to a slower development of skeletal muscle as the myogenic activity is usually impaired in these animals during the fetal and early postnatal period 3 , 4 . (nature.com)
Suggest1
  • Understanding the effects of strabismus surgery on muscle cell biological reactions and myofiber remodeling may suggest new approaches for improving surgical outcomes. (arvojournals.org)
Responsible1
  • The data provide new insights into the maintenance of SCs, demonstrating niche-derived factors are responsible for regulating SC behavior. (sciety.org)