Differentiation from pluripotent cells can differentiate embryonic cell differentiation. Medical search. Frequent questions

Vitro Ability to differentiate Germ layers ESCs IPSCs Progenitor Mouse embryonic stem Pluripotency Regenerative Induce Neurons from human Terminally differentiated cell types Lineage Derived from human pluripotent stem Genes Fibroblasts Having induced pluri Analysis of human embryonic HESCs Extra-embryonic Somatic cells to a pluripotent Epigenetic Self-renewal and differentiation Adult Mesenchymal stem Neuronal differentiation Development of pluripotent stem Characteristics Epithelial cells Functional Lineages Induced pluripotent state Cardiomyocyte differentiation Gene expression Required for proper differentiation Cellular Embryo Progenitors Tissues Human-induced plur Fully differentiated Hematopoietic stem Trophoblast IPSC Cardiomyocytes Populations Potency Developmental Aberrant differentiation Proliferative Vascular endothelial cells Early embryonic Types of stem Proliferation Molecular HiPSCs Transplantation Fate Organism Precursor cells Protocols

Stem cells resembling totipotent blastomeres from 2-cell stage embryos can arise spontaneously in mouse embryonic stem cell cultures and also can be induced to arise more frequently in vitro through down-regulation of the chromatin assembly activity of CAF-1. (wikipedia.org)
NPC markers are also useful in establishing and monitoring in vitro NPC culture differentiation. (sanbio.nl)
Protocols for the in vitro differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells based on normal developmental processes, have generated insulin-producing cells, though at low efficiency and without full responsiveness to extracellular levels of glucose. (wjgnet.com)
However, it is still unclear to what extent hiPSC may be capable of recapitulating in vitro the cellular and molecular features of the native retina, especially regarding photoreceptor differentiation and functional maturation. (nature.com)
Accelerated uptake of ESC based cell therapy on in vivo and in vitro principle is expected to fuel growth through to 2024. (grandviewresearch.com)
This unique duality makes them an attractive system for potential regenerative medicine and cell therapies, but also for differentiation studies in vitro and for modeling diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Previous studies have proven that rodent and human MSCs can differentiate into HLCs in vitro and in vivo , which is one of the mechanisms of MSCs in the treatment of liver failure. (springer.com)
Different groups have established several protocols to induce the differentiation of MSCs into HLCs in vitro . (springer.com)
These old cells were reprogrammed in vitro to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and to rejuvenated and human embryonic stem cells (hESC): cells of all types can again be differentiated after this genuine "rejuvenation" therapy. (eurekalert.org)
They then completed the in vitro reprogramming of the cells. (eurekalert.org)
Pluripotent cells can be differentiated into many different cell types in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
These cell types are capable of unlimited, undifferentiated proliferation in vitro and still maintain the capacity to differentiate into a wide variety of somatic cells. (rndsystems.com)
Researchers at Kumamoto University added VEGF to undifferentiated ES cells and tracked the behavior of the entire genome and epigenome changes over time in vitro. (medicalxpress.com)
Indeed, an important area of investigation involves directed differentiation to influence the lineage commitment of these pluripotent cells in vitro. (psu.edu)
With the formation of neural rosettes, neural tube development and neural differentiation can be modeled using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in vitro . (creative-biolabs.com)
The hPSCs-based neural rosettes have been widely used as models for the research of neural tube development as well as neural differentiation in vitro . (creative-biolabs.com)
Differentiation of neural rosettes from human pluripotent stem cells in vitro is sequentially regulated on a molecular level and accomplished by the mechanism reminiscent of secondary neurulation. (creative-biolabs.com)
My thesis research focused on establishing an in vitro model for understanding the molecular neurophysiology of obesity using, as 'proof-of-principle', neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) derived from individuals with monogenic forms of obesity. (columbia.edu)
This project was designed to establish an in vitro model for studying hypothalamic cell-molecular physiology in neurons derived from hPSCs. (columbia.edu)
These ESCs have the ability to remain undifferentiated and proliferate indefinitely in vitro , while maintaining the potential to differentiate into all three embryonic germ layers [1,2]. (bioinbrief.com)
The in vitro differentiation of ESCs into cardiomyocytes provides an opportunity to study the developmental aspects of cardiomyogenesis. (bioinbrief.com)
Pluripotent embryonic carcinoma (EC) and embryonic stem (ES) cells cultivated as permanent lines offer a new approach for studying cardiogenic differentiation in vitro. (uni-luebeck.de)
We describe cardiogenesis in vitro by differentiating EC and ES cells by way of embryo-like aggregates (embryoid bodies) into spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes. (uni-luebeck.de)
This study explores the use of a simple human neurosphere-based in vitro model to characterise the pharmacological and toxicological effects of LiCl and VPA using gene expression changes linked to phenotypic alterations in cells. (plos.org)
Human embryonic stem cells (hESc) can also be used to analyze the in vitro development from undifferentiated pluripotent cells leading to terminally differentiated cell types, recapitulating the process of early embryonic development [5] . (plos.org)
A defined synthetic mixture of amino acids, salts, carbohydrates, vitamins and serum was shown to support cells in vitro[ 3 ], thus unifying a major variable in cell culturing experiments and providing a possibility for rapid development of this novel method. (intechopen.com)
The induction of a specific differentiated cell type can be useful for transplantation or drug screening and drug discovery in vitro. (justia.com)
The comprehensive miRNA profiling presented here reveals novel sets of miRNAs differentially expressed during human neural cell fate determination in vitro. (muni.cz)
In vitro experiments using NV virus-like particles (VLPs) directly showed NV VLP attachment to HBGA, resulting in VLP internalization into the cell ( 19 ). (cdc.gov)
From these critical studies, putative NV receptors were identified, and thus it was hypothesized that a successful in vitro cell culture system would most likely possess these receptors to support NV replication. (cdc.gov)

Cell potency is a cell's ability to differentiate into other cell types. (wikipedia.org)
While the appeal of embryonic cells has been their ability to differentiate into any type of cell, there has been significant ethical, moral, and spiritual controversy surrounding their use. (prnewswire.com)
The most widely accepted method for determining whether a population of cells is truly pluripotent is the teratoma assay, that is, verifying in vivo a cell population's ability to differentiate into each of the three germ layers via teratoma formation in mice. (genengnews.com)
These adult stem cells are considered multipotent, having the ability to differentiate into different cell types, albeit with a more limited repertoire than embryonic stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the unique ability to differentiate into every cell type and to self-renew. (biomedcentral.com)
Stem cells are unique in that they have the ability to differentiate into various cell types, including nerve cells, and can potentially replace damaged cells in the brain. (globalstemcelltherapy.com)
Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent, meaning they have the ability to differentiate into any type of cell in the body. (globalstemcelltherapy.com)
When stem cells are infused into the bloodstream or directly implanted into the brain, they have the ability to differentiate into various cell types, including nerve cells. (globalstemcelltherapy.com)
While pluripotent embryonic stem cells have an almost unlimited differentiation potential to become any type of cell, multipotent adult stem cells have a much more limited ability to differentiate. (iastate.edu)
The key to these cells' utility is their ability to differentiate into many different cell types depending on the stimulus received and they have been used in treatments for diseases such as cancer and neural degeneration, in rehabilitation of tetraplegic and paraplegic patients and even in dentistry 1 . (bvsalud.org)

In the first hours after fertilization, this zygote divides into identical totipotent cells, which can later develop into any of the three germ layers of a human (endoderm, mesoderm, or ectoderm), or into cells of the placenta (cytotrophoblast or syncytiotrophoblast). (wikipedia.org)
However, cell pluripotency is a continuum, ranging from the completely pluripotent cell that can form every cell of the embryo proper, e.g., embryonic stem cells and iPSCs, to the incompletely or partially pluripotent cell that can form cells of all three germ layers but that may not exhibit all the characteristics of completely pluripotent cells. (wikipedia.org)
The defining characteristics of pluripotent stem cells, which include embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, are straightforward: their ability to self-renew and differentiate into ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm germ layers. (genengnews.com)
Its major objective was to produce a gene expression atlas covering the development of ES cells into all three germ layers (ecto-, meso-, and endoderm) and into somatic cells. (europa.eu)
However, despite the common ability of hiPSCs and hESCs to differentiate into all 3 germ layers, their functional equivalence at the single cell level remains to be demonstrated. (jci.org)
These are the pluripotent cells that possess the ability to get differentiated into all germ layers. (grandviewresearch.com)
The ICM continues to differentiate into three germ layers-ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, each of which follows a specific developmental destiny that takes them along an ever-specifying path at which end the daughter cells will make up the different organs of the human body. (thefutureofthings.com)
This screen is capable of analyzing the expression of 48 genes simultaneously across dozens of different samples, and our gene list covers all three germ layers that arise during normal embryonic development, the trophectoderm, and epigenetic regulators of chromatin status. (utexas.edu)
It is still being studied whether iPSCs are truly equivalent to embryonic stem cells, but they appear to be similar and can produce cells from all three germ layers of the body. (jove.com)
Embryonic Stem Cells (ESC) are pluripotent undifferentiated cells capable of giving rise to cells from all three germ layers. (bu.edu)
ES cells give rise to cell lineages from the three primordial germ layers - endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. (psu.edu)

These induced cells exhibit similar traits to those of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) but do not require the use of embryos. (wikipedia.org)
Molecular markers defining self-renewing pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have been identified by relative comparisons between undifferentiated and differentiated cells. (ca.gov)
NPCs can be differentiated from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) but also from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) (PMID: 11731782). (sanbio.nl)
Here we identify Heterochromatin Protein 1β (HP1β) as an essential protein for proper differentiation, and, unexpectedly, for the maintenance of pluripotency in ESCs. (biomedcentral.com)
Deletion of HP1β, but not HP1α, in ESCs provokes a loss of the morphological and proliferative characteristics of embryonic pluripotent cells, reduces expression of pluripotency factors and causes aberrant differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
The minor fraction of HP1β that is chromatin-bound in ESCs is enriched within exons, unlike the situation in differentiated cells, where it binds heterochromatic satellite repeats and chromocenters. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrate an unexpected duality in the role of HP1β: it is essential in ESCs for maintaining pluripotency, while it is required for proper differentiation in differentiated cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), derived from the blastocyst-stage embryo, are capable of generating all cell types of the mammalian body (pluripotency) and of maintaining the capacity for indefinite self-renewal without compromising their genomic integrity. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we present a quantitative and comprehensive study of the abundance levels of histone PTMs during the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) using mass spectrometry (MS). We observed dynamic changes of histone PTMs including increased H3K9 methylation levels in agreement with previously reported results. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibition of Brd4:histone H4 interaction by the BET domain inhibitor (+)-JQ1 in ESCs results in enhanced differentiation to the endodermal lineage, by disrupting the protein abundance dynamics. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are self-renewing, pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of a blastocyst [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Neuronal cells expressing pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), neuropeptide-Y/agouti-related protein (NPY/AgRP) were generated from human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) obtained from patients with monogenic forms of obesity. (columbia.edu)
Background Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can proliferate endlessly and are capable to differentiate into every cell lineages that make up the mature organism. (bioinbrief.com)
Extremely, nevertheless, our outcomes confirmed that the bioreactor differentiated ESCs maintained their capability to CL 316243 disodium salt manufacture exhibit pluripotency indicators, to type ESC-like colonies, and to generate teratomas upon transplantation, whereas the cells differentiated in adherent lifestyle dropped these features. (bioinbrief.com)
History Embryonic control cells (ESCs) are made from the internal cell mass (ICM) of pre-implantation embryos [1]. (bioinbrief.com)
This differentiation capacity makes ESCs an attractive cell source for cell/tissue alternative therapies for the treatment of human degenerative diseases. (bioinbrief.com)
Presently, most protocols make use of stationary lifestyle to differentiate ESCs into cardiomyocytes [5-12]. (bioinbrief.com)

Induced pluripotent stem cells, commonly abbreviated as iPS cells or iPSCs, are a type of pluripotent stem cell artificially derived from a non-pluripotent cell, typically an adult somatic cell, by inducing a "forced" expression of certain genes and transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)
This was then followed in 2007 by the successful induction of human iPSCs derived from human dermal fibroblasts using methods similar to those used for the induction of mouse cells. (wikipedia.org)
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold great potential for the modelling of these diseases or as potential therapeutic agents. (nature.com)
But today, adult, mature cells - such as skin or blood cells - can be "reprogrammed" to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs. (bayer.com)
Advanced culturing methods can make it possible to direct the differentiation of the iPSCs to a certain type of cell, like specific brain cells or heart cells. (bayer.com)
Induced pluripotent stem cells, iPSCs, are mature, differentiated cells, such as skin cells, that are reprogrammed in the laboratory to be similar to undifferentiated embryonic stem cells. (jove.com)
To create iPSCs, mature cells, like skin fibroblasts, are taken from a patient and put into culture. (jove.com)
These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells-able to produce all cell types-and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (jove.com)
iPSCs are potentially valuable in medicine, because a patient who needs a particular cell type-for instance, someone with a damaged retina due to macular degeneration-could receive a transplant of the required cells, generated from another cell type in their own body. (jove.com)
To create iPSCs, mature cells such as skin fibroblasts or blood cells from a person are grown in culture. (jove.com)
As with other types of stem cells, scientists are learning how to promote the differentiation of specific cell types from iPSCs efficiently, so that the needed cell types can be produced in adequate quantities. (jove.com)
Signs of aging were erased and the iPSCs obtained can produce functional cells, of any type, with an increased proliferation capacity and longevity," explains Jean-Marc Lemaitre who directs the Inserm AVENIR team. (eurekalert.org)
Histone acetylation has been implicated to be important for the pluripotent cell state, as some HDAC inhibitors have been shown to improve reprogramming efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or maintain a pluripotent stem cell state. (biomedcentral.com)
To model both gray and white matter, we differentiated patient-derived iPSCs into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). (bvsalud.org)

Figure 3) or PSA-NCAM are markers frequently used for intermediate progenitor cells and early immature neurons (PMID: 29625071). (sanbio.nl)
Adult stem cells can be used to accelerate bone or tendon healing , and they can induce cartilage progenitor cells to produce a better matrix and repair cartilage damage . (thefutureofthings.com)
Zhang's group, led by researcher Baoyang Hu, found that the induced cells differentiate into progenitor neural cells and further into the different kinds of functional neurons that make up the brain. (scienceblog.com)
It is the developmental characteristic of neural progenitor cells in differentiated embryonic stem cell cultures. (creative-biolabs.com)
Nkx2.1 progenitor cells at 12 days of differentiation from iPSC integrated into the hypothalamus following injection into the lateral ventricle of NSG mice. (columbia.edu)
This was accomplished by implanting rat adult hippocampal progenitor/stem cells (AHPCs) - which normally differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes - into zebrafish embryos during the blastula stage, an environment with almost unlimited potential for stem cells. (iastate.edu)
Stem and progenitor cell populations are often heterogeneous, which may reflect stem cell subsets that express subtly different properties, including different propensities for lineage selection upon differentiation, yet remain able to interconvert. (lu.se)
To varying degrees, these fates also extend to the Such state stability is required in stem and progenitor cells to immediate progeny of stem cells, known as progenitor or support self-renewal and maintenance of the uncommitted transit-amplifying cells. (lu.se)
A key challenge is to understand how state, but must also afford flexibility in cell-fate choice to permit the different cell-fate options confronting stem and progenitor cell-type diversification and differentiation in response to cells are selected and coordinated such that adoption of a given intrinsic cues or extrinsic signals. (lu.se)
1983) and the multipotent progenitor cells from fetal disease (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 2000). (lu.se)

It thoroughly investigated the unique ability of mouse embryonic stem cells to develop into cells of any organ ("pluripotency"), created new tools for functional genomic studies and thus provided key knowledge to understanding the commitment of cells to differentiate into cells of a particular germ layer. (europa.eu)

Potency is also described as the gene activation potential within a cell, which like a continuum, begins with totipotency to designate a cell with the most differentiation potential, pluripotency, multipotency, oligopotency, and finally unipotency. (wikipedia.org)
In cell biology, pluripotency (Lat. (wikipedia.org)
To account for this high level of functional variation, verifying the pluripotency of stem cells-from the generation of a new cell line through its expansion for an experiment-is crucial. (genengnews.com)
To address these difficulties, R&D Systems has developed new tools that aid in the verification of stem cell pluripotency during derivation, maintenance, and expansion. (genengnews.com)
Moreover, colony morphology is not truly indicative of pluripotency, since cells that are not fully reprogrammed can have similar morphology. (genengnews.com)
The GloLIVE™ Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Live Cell Imaging Kit and individual GloLIVE antibodies available from R&D Systems allow you to verify the pluripotency status of your stem cells by monitoring the expression of both positive and negative markers ( Figure 1 ). (genengnews.com)
Pluripotency of live human stem cell colonies was verified using a NorthernLights™ (NL) 493-conjugated Mouse Anti-Human SSEA-4 Monoclonal Antibody (green) and a NL557-conjugated Mouse Anti-Human TRA-1-60(R) Monoclonal Antibody (red). (genengnews.com)
Despite its broad use as the most common assay for assessing the pluripotency of stem cells, the teratoma assay has limitations. (genengnews.com)
Pluripotency means that the cells can differentiate into any cell type of the human body. (bayer.com)
Discoveries in fundamental basic research have revealed how human embryonic stem cells regulate gene expression to maintain pluripotency, how induced pluripotent stem cells retain a "memory" of their origin, and how adult stem cells differentiate in response to their environmental milieu. (ca.gov)
FUNGENES identified the gene subsets that are active in self-renewing cells, during the exit from pluripotency and at specific stages of mouse ES cell differentiation. (europa.eu)
Recently, several chromatin-related proteins have been shown to regulate ESC pluripotency and/or differentiation, yet the role of the major heterochromatin proteins in pluripotency is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic stem (ES) cell pluripotency is thought to be regulated in part by H3K4 methylation. (nih.gov)
Transcriptome analysis revealed the persistent expression of pluripotency genes and underexpression of developmental genes during differentiation in the absence of Kdm5b, suggesting that KDM5B plays a key role in cellular fate changes. (nih.gov)
The advancement of effective ESC difference protocols within suspension system bioreactors needs a even more comprehensive understanding of the affects of shear factors on the control of pluripotency and difference in pluripotent control cells. (bioinbrief.com)
Nevertheless, since we have previously observed that the suspension bioreactor environment enhances ESC pluripotency, while suppressing differentiation effectiveness [17], we wanted to investigate whether this trend would also happen in during cardiomyocyte differentiation. (bioinbrief.com)
This study demonstrates that suspension bioreactor tradition systems do indeed possess the ability to prevent differentiation, and actually induce 'transient' pluripotency within a defined differentiation protocol, presumably due to influence of shear stress on the cells. (bioinbrief.com)
Our data shows that in contrast to static tradition, ESC ethnicities caused to differentiate toward cardiomyocytes in suspension bioreactors retain some capability to exhibit pluripotency indicators, to type. (bioinbrief.com)
And while in human pluripotent stem cells, miRNAs have been directly linked to the core pluripotency network, including the cell cycle regulation and the maintenance of the self-renewing capacity, their role in the onset of differentiation in other contexts, such as determination of neural cell fate, remains poorly described. (muni.cz)
A process where fully differentiated or specialized cells revert to pluripotency or a less differentiated cell type. (bvsalud.org)

Pluripotent stem cells have great potential for use in regenerative medicine and are an important tool for understanding developmental and disease mechanisms. (genengnews.com)
BlueRock's cell therapy platform allows for the creation of a virtually unlimited number of specialized, differentiated cells that can be used to create regenerative medicines for many intractable diseases that come with significant cell loss or reduce the ability of cells to self-repair. (bayer.com)
Research carried out in the facility has made significant, high impact contributions in three areas of stem cell research: Molecular Mechanisms/Basic Science, Translational Bioengineering, and Regenerative Medicine. (ca.gov)
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are promising candidate cell sources for regenerative medicine. (jci.org)
Our results suggest that caution should be exercised before assuming that hiPSCs occupy a pluripotent state equivalent to that of hESCs, particularly when producing differentiated cells for regenerative medicine aims. (jci.org)
Applicability for inducing differentiation into a wide range of tissues is attributive to the largest share of regenerative medicine. (grandviewresearch.com)
The differentiated cells are further used for therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine. (grandviewresearch.com)
This has catalyzed research in both early embryogenesis as a model system for mammalian development as well as regenerative medicine as a renewable source of unspecialized cells which can be converted into nearly any cell type required by a patient. (utexas.edu)
The results represent significant progress for research into iPSC cells and a further step forwards for regenerative medicine. (eurekalert.org)
At the same time, manipulating ESC differentiation toward a specific developmental pathway holds a great promise for their use in regenerative medicine. (bu.edu)
We now aim at using iPS cells for disease modeling disease modeling and study their potential for regenerative medicine. (bu.edu)
Regenerative medicine has made remarkable progress due to research with embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. (medicalxpress.com)
Scientists in the burgeoning field of regenerative medicine are pinning their hopes on induced stem cells because they offer advantages over embryonic stem cells, not the least of which is the fact that they do not need to be derived from early-stage human embryos. (scienceblog.com)
During the past decade, regenerative medicine has been the subject of intense interest due, in large part, to our growing knowledge of embryonic stem (ES) cell biology. (psu.edu)
This finding could also be used to develop improved methods of targeted cellular differentiation of stem cells for therapeutic and regenerative medicine. (umd.edu)
The greatest goal in cardiac regenerative medicine is normally to make in large-scale, filtered cardiomyocytes which are ideal for cell transplantation highly. (bioinbrief.com)
Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine are still an experimental treatment. (globalstemcelltherapy.com)
In regenerative medicine today, adult stem cells hold the most promise for personal cell-based therapies. (kansasrmc.com)
Evidence the fate of stem cells has broad ramifications for biomedical suggests that during development or differentiation, cells make science from elucidating the causes of cancer to the use of very precise transitions between apparently stable ``network stem cells in regenerative medicine. (lu.se)
They may also serve as an unlimited source of therapeutically active cells for regenerative medi- cine. (lu.se)

Overexpression of embryonic transcription factors in stem cells could efficiently induce their differentiation into insulin-expressing cells. (wjgnet.com)
Controlled differentiation that can be achieved in tissue committed cells through the co-culturing with basic fibroblast growth factor is expected to induce growth. (grandviewresearch.com)
The ED50 is less than 30 ng/mL as determined by its ability to induce alkaline phosphatase production by mouse chondrogenic ATDC-5 cells. (anhsci.com)
Placing the cells under conditions which induce specific cell types has been one form of an attempt to regulate the differentiation outcome. (justia.com)
culturing a stem cell in the presence of an embryonic cell and/or extracellular medium of an embryonic cell, under conditions that induce differentiation of the stem cell. (justia.com)
Similarly, GATA-1 has been shown to induce lineage switching expression values even if, for simplicity, we assume only ``on'' of committed cells in hematopoiesis, first in cell lines (Kulessa and ``off'' states for each gene. (lu.se)

However, current protocols for deriving neurons from human pluripotent stem cells give rise to heterogeneous cell populations both in regard to the temporal aspects and the cellular composition. (lu.se)
A potentially pre-clinical aspect of this thesis is detailed in paper №4 where I describe a robust protocol for the generation of functional mesDA neurons from human embryonic stem cells that are functional in a rat model of PD. (lu.se)

An important aspect of ESC research focuses on elucidating the mechanisms of differentiation from the pluripotent ESC to numerous terminally differentiated cell types. (bioinbrief.com)

NPCs can additionally be obtained by direct reprogramming of somatic cells from different cell lineage (PMID: 22445518). (sanbio.nl)
Differentiation is a complex process involving actions of ES cell core factors, lineage specific regulators, epigenetic modifications, and chromatin remodelers. (utexas.edu)
We are combining novel engineered stromal cells with gene editing to explore a way to direct the differentiation of iPSC into hematopoietic progenitors and into a T cell/T reg lineage. (bu.edu)
Various strategies involving timely growth factor supplementation, cell co-cultures, and gene transfection are used to drive lineage specific emergence. (psu.edu)
The dysfunction of oligodendrocyte lineage cells is hallmarked by deficiencies in myelination and impaired self-renewal of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). (bvsalud.org)
Whilst differentiation of some lineage specific stem cells can be induced with a degree of certainty, a differentiation outcome of a population of pluripotent stem cells is less predictable. (justia.com)
The nature of the stem cell substates and their relationship to commitment to differ- entiate and lineage selection can be elucidated in terms of a landscape picture in which stable states can be defined mathematically as attractors. (lu.se)
This requirement strongly limits the number of solutions or entiation and lineage-specification, programmed cell death, and ``states'' for the system. (lu.se)
2008). Historically, this concept is highlighted by the experi- factors are key intrinsic regulators of these fate decisions and mental phenomenon of lineage reprogramming, for example, that fate choice involves modulating networks of transcription by the conversion of fibroblasts to muscles cells following trans- factors. (lu.se)

This strategy provides a useful tool for visualization and identification of neural progeny derived from human pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)

We examined if there are a set of key genes consistently altered during differentiation of hESCs regardless of differentiation conditions. (ca.gov)
To identify a set of key genes consistently altered during differentiation of hESCs regardless of differentiation conditions we have performed microarray analysis on undifferentiated hESCs (H1 and H9) and differentiated EB's and validated our results using publicly available expression array data sets. (ca.gov)
In particular, FUNGENES identified genes controlling the development of pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells into heart cells (cardiomyocytes), nerve cells (neurons), smooth muscle cells, vascular endothelial cells, fat cells (adipocytes), liver cells (hepatocytes) and insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. (europa.eu)
Here, we used single cell analysis to resolve the gene expression profiles of 362 hiPSCs and hESCs for an array of 42 genes that characterize the pluripotent and differentiated states. (jci.org)
Our signature-based screen established several categories of genes based on their comparative functions during the differentiation of ES cells. (utexas.edu)
Then, typically, genes for transcription factors, are delivered by viral vectors into the cell nuclei, where they are incorporated into the genome. (jove.com)
The transcription factors then turn on genes that are expressed by embryonic stem cells. (jove.com)
Then, genes for multiple transcription factors are delivered into the cells using a viral vector, and the transcription factor proteins are expressed using the cell's machinery. (jove.com)
The transcription factors then turn on many other genes that are expressed by embryonic stem cells, returning the cells to an undifferentiated, proliferative, and pluripotent state. (jove.com)
We aim at generating iPSC containing mutations in IRF5, Myd88, UNC93, TLRs and other relevant genes to test their role in mDC function compared to normal cells. (bu.edu)
Despite these efforts, few genes are known to play a role in the processes of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. (bu.edu)
At 48 hours, after differentiation into vascular endothelium was determined, a system of transcription was established in which genes unique to vascular endothelial differentiation were induced. (medicalxpress.com)
Found within Wharton's jelly - which is easily harvested from what would otherwise be post-natal medical waste - are several distinct stem cell genes. (articlecity.com)
Intriguingly, the new study suggests the presence or absence of the genes used to reprogram skin cells to become the blank slate pluripotent cells makes no difference in terms of their capacity to differentiate. (scienceblog.com)
Some of the induced stem cell lines tested in the study were made using techniques that bypassed the use of genes that had been used to reprogram skin cells to become pluripotent stem cells. (scienceblog.com)
Our results revealed altogether 217 genes and 584 SNPs whose genomic alterations affect the transcriptome in the same cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results revealed that in the human pluripotent stem cells, the expression values of several genes, transcripts and exons were affected due to the genomic variation. (biomedcentral.com)
These functional characteristics are in accordance with the expression of α- and β-cardiac myosin heavy chain at early differentiation stages and the additional expression of ventricular-specific MLC-2V and atrial-specific ANF genes at terminal stages demonstrated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. (uni-luebeck.de)
A temporally controlled influence of RA on cardiac differentiation and expression of cardiac-specific genes was found. (uni-luebeck.de)
During differentiation the expression of stem cell specific genes and markers are often lost and cells acquire gene expression profiles of somatic cells or their precursors. (justia.com)
In some cases, "master" genes have been described which control differentiation versus self-renewal. (justia.com)
Generally, when a stem cell culture is induced to differentiate, the differentiated population is analysed for particular cell types by expression of genes, markers or phenotypic analysis. (justia.com)
Methods of inducing differentiation in stem cells and muscle cells produced therefrom may be used for the study of cellular and molecular biology of tissue development, for the discovery of genes and proteins such as differentiation factors that play a role in tissue development and regeneration. (justia.com)
explosion further, consider that a fictitious small genome with 2002) More recently and more dramatically, the potential for 260 genes would host the same number of combinations as cell state conversions is exemplified by the reprogramming of the number of atoms in the visible universe! (lu.se)

Researchers first multiplied skin cells (fibroblasts) from a 74 year-old donor to obtain the senescence characterized by the end of cellular proliferation. (eurekalert.org)
Pioneering work by the laboratory of Dr. Yamanaka showed that fibroblasts transduced with retroviral vectors expressing four transcription factors, Oct4, Klf4, Sox2 and cMyc can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent stem cells that appear almost indistinguishable from ESC. (bu.edu)
We have previously developed a single lentiviral vector expressing a stem cell cassett, named STEMCCA, capable of generating iPS cells from post-natal fibroblasts and peripheral blood with very high efficiency that became the industry standard. (bu.edu)
Mouse embryonic fibroblasts may be used to maintain and expand pluripotent stem cells in an undifferentiated state. (rndsystems.com)

A distinctive feature of this report is an end-user survey of 273 researchers (131 U.S. / 143 International) that identify as having induced pluripotent stem cells as a research focus. (prnewswire.com)

We provide detailed protocols for lentiviral transduction, neural differentiation, and subsequent analysis of human embryonic stem cells. (lu.se)

Our understanding of self-renewal and differentiation capacity of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) remains elusive on the detailed molecular mechanisms. (ca.gov)
By comprehensive genome-wide consensus microarray analyses, we have profiled gene expression signatures that are most significantly affected by differentiation in hESCs from our own microarray data sets as well as publically available microarrays. (ca.gov)
Bioinformatics approach for the identification of new molecular markers defining undifferentiated hESCs, interacting partners and interconnectivity analyses may contribute to delineating molecular mechanisms of stem cell self-renewal/differentiation and can be a useful tool to identify molecular factors inducing stemness from different cell types. (ca.gov)
We constructed consensus modules by Weighted Gene Correlation Analysis (WGCNA) and discovered novel markers that are consistently present in undifferentiated hESCs under various differentiation conditions. (ca.gov)
Comparison between single hESCs and single hiPSCs revealed markedly more heterogeneity in gene expression levels in the hiPSCs, suggesting that hiPSCs occupy an alternate, less stable pluripotent state. (jci.org)
hiPSCs also displayed slower growth kinetics and impaired directed differentiation as compared with hESCs. (jci.org)
We studied human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) measuring the SNPs and CNVs with Affymetrix SNP 6 microarrays and expression values with Affymetrix Exon microarrays. (biomedcentral.com)
To bridge this gap, we used three model cell types to study miRNA expression patterns: human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), hESCs-derived self-renewing neural stem cells (NSCs), and differentiating NSCs. (muni.cz)
Our data also indicates that miRNA clusters enriched in NSCs share the target-determining seed sequence with cell cycle regulatory miRNAs expressed in pluripotent hESCs. (muni.cz)
Given this, human pluripotent stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripo- tent stem cells (hiPSCs), have become a unique cell source for study- ing early human brain development. (lu.se)

The early mammalian embryo consists of the extra-embryonic cell layers-the trophoblast and a body of cells called the inner cell mass (ICM), which eventually become the embryo proper. (thefutureofthings.com)
In contrast, BMP-4 induces extra-embryonic trophoblast differentiation in human pluripotent stem cells 5 . (anhsci.com)

In reality, gene somatic cells to a pluripotent cell state by a handful of transcrip- expression is graded, making the potential gene expression tion factors (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006). (lu.se)
The process that reverts CELL NUCLEI of fully differentiated somatic cells to a pluripotent or totipotent state. (bvsalud.org)

In mouse primordial germ cells, genome-wide reprogramming leading to totipotency involves erasure of epigenetic imprints. (wikipedia.org)
Induced pluripotent stem cells, which have been generated from somatic cells by introducing Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc, and which are similar to ES cells in morphology, gene expression, epigenetic status and differentiation, can also differentiate into insulin-producing cells. (wjgnet.com)
ES cells have been an invaluable resource for advancing fundamental understanding of global transcriptional and epigenetic regulations, signaling pathways, and noncoding RNA in mammalian systems. (utexas.edu)
Successful differentiation is guided in large part by epigenetic reprogramming and regulation of critical gene expression patterns. (biomedcentral.com)
The following chapters cover the epigenetic systems of plants, the epigenetic profile of embryonic stem cells, cell differentiation, imprinting marks, and random X chromosome inactivation. (caister.com)

The FUNGENES project aimed to achieve a detailed basic understanding of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. (europa.eu)
The involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in orchestrating self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells has been revealed in a number of recent studies. (muni.cz)

Traditionally, scientists have worked with both embryonic and adult stem cells for research tools, as well as for cellular therapy. (prnewswire.com)
Although some adult stem cells do have differentiation capacity, it is often limited in nature, which results in fewer options for use. (prnewswire.com)
Thus, induced pluripotent stem cells represent a promising combination of adult and embryonic stem cell characteristics. (prnewswire.com)
however, there are also stem cells in the adult body. (thefutureofthings.com)
The ability of our body to regenerate some of its tissues is largely owed to the reserves of adult stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
Adult stem cells can be used to replace damaged heart-muscle cells and are used in practice today . (thefutureofthings.com)
The most common application of adult stem cells is probably the restoration of blood cells for patients with leukemia, and there are many more applications currently in practice. (thefutureofthings.com)
They can divide and form all types of differentiated adult cells in the body (neurones, cardiac cells, skin cells, liver cells, etc. (eurekalert.org)
Since 2007, a handful of research teams across the world have been capable of reprogramming human adult cells into induced pluripotent cells (iPSC), which have similar characteristics and potential to human embryonic stem cells (hESC). (eurekalert.org)
The rejuvenated iPSC cells were again differentiated to adult cells and compared to the original old cells, as well as to those obtained using human embryonic pluripotetent stem cells (hESC). (eurekalert.org)
This research paves the way for the therapeutic use of iPS, insofar as an ideal source of adult cells is provided, which are tolerated by the immune system and can repair organs or tissues in elderly patients. (eurekalert.org)
Stem cells exist both in embryos and adult cells. (articlecity.com)
Adult stem cells, which are present in small amounts in adult tissue but less adaptable than embryonic stem cells, making their use in medical treatments more challenging. (articlecity.com)
The Church also supports research and therapies using adult stem cells, which are cells that come from any person who has been born - including umbilical cord blood, bone marrow, skin and other organs. (archstl.org)
Cardiomyocytes are terminally differentiated muscle mass cells in the adult mammalian heart, which do not divide. (bioinbrief.com)
There are two main types of stem cells used in TBI therapy: embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. (globalstemcelltherapy.com)
Adult stem cells are found in different tissues and organs and are more limited in their differentiation potential. (globalstemcelltherapy.com)
A. Adult stem cells are "blank," or undifferentiated, cells that your body creates to replace dying cells or heal damaged tissue. (kansasrmc.com)
Naturally occurring Mesenchymal 'adult' stem cells are able to differentiate into a variety of cell types, including bone, cartilage, muscle and fat cells, that can promote healing and reduce pain and inflammation. (kansasrmc.com)
Adult adipose stem cells from naturally occurring fatty deposits are abundant in quantities. (kansasrmc.com)
Adult stem cells have been used for a variety of medical treatments to repair and regenerate acute and chronically damaged tissues - from joint and muscle injuries to cardiac and pulmonary conditions to autoimmune disorders. (kansasrmc.com)
There are two main types of stem cells, adult and embryonic, which require unique means of collection and deployment. (kansasrmc.com)
In order to better understand how adult stem cells choose their fate, two main factors were investigated: intrinsic versus extrinsic influences. (iastate.edu)
Through this knowledge, adult stem cells and their cell regulation behaviors can be further investigated to potentially find similar drug options that may mimic the regulation of their expression. (iastate.edu)
Many studies have shown the utility of embryonic or adult stem cells for forming teeth and for regeneration of bone and soft tissues. (bvsalud.org)
There are basically two types of stem cells: embryonic and somatic (or adult). (bvsalud.org)
These cells are classified as totipotent and they can form any of the tissue types found in the adult body, in addition to having unlimited proliferation potential 6 . (bvsalud.org)
Adult stem cells are classified as pluripotent and are undifferentiated cells that remain quiescent in tissues until stimulated, when they can create cell types that are compatible with the tissue in which they reside. (bvsalud.org)
By definition, adult stem cells are capable of differentiation into at least two lineages and have the property of self-renewal. (bvsalud.org)

mesenchymal stem cells are most commonly used because they are easy to obtain and present no ethical problems. (springer.com)
The aims of this article are to review the current knowledge regarding therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in acute liver failure, to discuss recent advancements in preclinical and clinical studies in the treatment of mesenchymal stem cells, and to summarize the methodological improvement of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in treating liver failure. (springer.com)
Today, the cutting-edge of the science focuses on Mesenchymal stem cells found in an adult's blood, bone marrow and fatty deposits. (kansasrmc.com)

After screening several morphogens and other molecules affecting neuronal differentiation, we developed a protocol that combined early activation of sonic hedgehog signaling followed by timed NOTCH inhibition resulting in the generation of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC)-like neurons. (columbia.edu)
We have previously utilised an NT2.D1 neurosphere based model of neuronal differentiation to study the effects of a variety of compounds on neural development [7] . (plos.org)
Many existing protocols for neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent cells result in heterogeneous cell populations and unsynchronized differentiation, necessitating the development of methods for labeling specific cell populations. (lu.se)

When it comes to the development of innovative cell therapy treatments, the development of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) constitutes a quantum leap. (bayer.com)

The possibilities arising from these characteristics have resulted in great commercial interest, with potential applications ranging from the use of stem cells in reversal and treatment of disease, to targeted cell therapy, tissue regeneration, pharmacological testing on cell-specific tissues, and more. (prnewswire.com)
They have the physiological characteristics of "young" cells, both from the perspective of their proliferative capacity and their cellular metabolisms. (eurekalert.org)
Using this new "cocktail" of six factors, the senescent cells, programmed into functional iPSC cells, re-acquired the characteristics of embryonic pluripotent stem cells. (eurekalert.org)
To check the "rejuvenated" characteristics of these cells, the researchers tested the reverse process. (eurekalert.org)
They have many of the positive characteristics of embryonic stem cells while sourcing material is far less challenging, since postpartum tissue can be used. (articlecity.com)
Using this information, we performed experiments on mESC using the AFM to understand their characteristics in the undifferentiated pluripotent state as well as early differentiating state. (umd.edu)
Importantly, these cells displayed hypothalamic neuronal characteristics, including production and secretion of neuropeptides and responsiveness to metabolic hormones such as insulin and leptin. (columbia.edu)

One focus of our lab is differentiating mouse ESC into intestinal epithelial cells in order to understand the complex signaling pathways involved in intestinal commitment from endodermal progenitors and undifferentiated stem cells. (bu.edu)
FUT2 encodes an enzyme that produces histo-blood group antigens (HBGA) on the surface of epithelial cells and in mucosal secretions ( 21 , 22 ). (cdc.gov)

Such analyses can reveal detailed expression dynamics and functional relationships for differentiation. (keio.ac.jp)
All these diseases are characterised by the irreversible loss of functional cells. (europa.eu)
These findings provide functional insight into the role for KDM5B in regulating ES cell differentiation and as a barrier to the reprogramming process. (nih.gov)
Inserm's AVENIR "Genomic plasticity and aging" team, directed by Jean-Marc Lemaitre, Inserm researcher at the Functional Genomics Institute (Inserm/CNRS/Université de Montpellier 1 and 2), has recently succeeded in rejuvenating cells from elderly donors (aged over 100). (eurekalert.org)
Intracellular flow cytometry is a powerful technique for the identification of cell types and the analysis of signaling and functional responses within cell lines and heterogeneous cell samples. (bdbiosciences.com)
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells which can give rise to a succession of mature functional cells. (justia.com)
Shane Grealish: Cell Replacement Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: The Importance of Neuronal Subtype, Cell Source and Connectivity for Functional Recovery. (lu.se)
The aim of this thesis was to understand how particular factors such as neuronal content, placement and cell source, affect functional outcome after transplantation into the rodent brain. (lu.se)
Through understanding functional recovery in terms of neuronal subtype and connectivity, the work presented in this thesis aims to bring the prospect of CRT closer to the clinic, I also describe the generation of a very promising alternative cell source that could rival fetal tissue. (lu.se)

What makes characterization challenging is that heterogeneity within a given stem cell population can cause variability in the differentiation into important downstream lineages, such as cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes. (genengnews.com)
MSCs have the capacity of multiple differentiations and self-renewal and have been proven to be able to differentiate into a series of cell lineages, such as adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondroblasts, and hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs). (springer.com)
The process of differentiation in stem cells involves selective development of immature cells to committed and fully mature cells of various lineages. (justia.com)

However, in differentiated cells, loss of HP1β has the opposite effect, perturbing maintenance of the differentiation state and facilitating reprogramming to an induced pluripotent state. (biomedcentral.com)

During cardiomyocyte differentiation three distinct developmental stages were defined by expression of specific action potentials and ionic currents measured by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. (uni-luebeck.de)
The induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation in stem cells is especially useful in developing therapeutic methods and products for heart disease and abnormal heart conditions. (justia.com)

This review details what is currently known about nuclear effectors of stem cell differentiation and describes emerging techniques in the discovery of nuclear proteomics that will illuminate new transcription factors and modulators of gene expression. (psu.edu)
Several genome-wide studies have reported genomic variants that correlate with gene expression levels in various tissue and cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
2006). for PKA-induced actomyosin remodeling, cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB)-driven gene expression of proteins required Brevianamide F for trophoblast differentiation, Brevianamide F and, hence, trophoblast cell-cell fusion. (biotech2012.org)
In addition, in order to phenotypically anchor the gene expression data, changes in the heterogeneity of cell subtype populations and cell cycle phase were monitored using flow cytometry. (plos.org)
This preliminary analysis reveals that these brain stem cells are likely influenced by intrinsic cell machinery - regulation of gene expression - than their environment when choosing their fate. (iastate.edu)

Repressive role of Rbpj is also required for proper differentiation of ES cells by silencing core factors. (utexas.edu)

In 2011, research revealed that cells may differentiate not into a fully totipotent cell, but instead into a "complex cellular variation" of totipotency. (wikipedia.org)
Exploring the genetic, molecular and biological features of neural differentiation process from embryonic and patient-specific stem cells may offer an unprecedented chance to understand normal and abnormal human brain development and diseases, with implications for drug development and potential cellular replacement therapy. (yale.edu)
The researchers have successfully rejuvenated cells from elderly donors, some over 100 years old, thus demonstrating the reversibility of the cellular aging process. (eurekalert.org)
Recent genome-wide studies have identified the distribution of different histone-post-translational modifications (PTMs) in various conditions and during cellular differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
Their ability to expand clonally or differentiate into multiple tissues makes them an ideal model to study cellular development. (biomedcentral.com)
Induced pluripotent stem cells, which harness the power of genetic reprogramming - basically, the altering of a cell's DNA - to change the course of cellular development. (articlecity.com)
Nuclear proteomics can inventory these nuclear proteins in differentiating cells and decipher their dynamics during cellular phenotypic commitment. (psu.edu)
These findings, in the aggregate, supported the utility of these cells for elucidation of aspects of the cellular/molecular neurophysiology of body weight regulation. (columbia.edu)
We conclude that ES cell-derived cardiomyocytes provide an excellent cellular model to study early cardiac development and to perform pharmacological and embryotoxicological investigations. (uni-luebeck.de)
Current knowledge of cellular behavior is mainly acquired by studies concerning homogenous populations of cells cultured as monolayers. (intechopen.com)

However, implementation remains a controversial topic due to diverse views in context to the moral and legal status of early embryo cell lines. (grandviewresearch.com)
That's why Father Pacholczyk, director of education at the National Catholic Bioethics Center in Philadelphia, said that the efforts to help people understand the immorality of embryo reserch, including human cloning, must focus on humanizing the issue and appreciating our own embryonic origins, not just on the desired results of embryonic or other types of stem-cell research. (archstl.org)
In human embryonic development, BMP-4 is a critical signaling molecule required for the early differentiation of the embryo and establishment of a dorsal-ventral axis 2,3 . (anhsci.com)
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the embryo and are pluripotent, thus possessing the capability of developing into any organ, cell type or tissue type. (justia.com)

What are neural stem cells (NSCs), neural progenitors, and neural precursors (NPCs)? (sanbio.nl)
Neural progenitors are precursor cells able to further differentiate into various neuronal and glial cells. (sanbio.nl)
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are the ideal source to study fat formation as they are the progenitors of adipocytes. (mdpi.com)
Remarkably, the progenitors derived from embryonic stem cells by dual inhibition efficiently differentiate into cardiac and skeletal muscle cells. (ncbs.res.in)
Significantly, this is the first report of directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells, without transgenes, into progenitors with muscle/heart dual potential. (ncbs.res.in)

Alternatively, NPCs can be isolated from fresh nervous tissues using cell sorting with NPC markers (PMID: 11121071). (sanbio.nl)
Stem cells derived through such techniques can be converted into liver, nerve, and heart tissues. (grandviewresearch.com)
In addition to their ability to supply cells at the turnover rate of their respective tissues, they can be stimulated to repair injured tissue caused by liver damage, skin abrasions and blood loss. (thefutureofthings.com)
Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells, meaning that they can give rise to all tissues in the body. (utexas.edu)
Similarly, the transplantation of other tissue-specific stem cells, such as stem cells isolated from epithelial and neural tissues, can treat mouse disease models and human patients in which epithelial and neural cells are damaged. (articlecity.com)
Additionally, they can form specialized cell types from other tissues if they are transplanted 6 . (bvsalud.org)
Stromal cells are a mixed population that can create bone, cartilage and fat and also fibrous and connective tissues. (bvsalud.org)

Immunofluorescent staining of PAX6 ( 12323-1-AP , 1:250 dilution) with 4% PFA fixed control human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived NPCs. (sanbio.nl)

A fully differentiated cell can return to a state of totipotency. (wikipedia.org)

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) involves the intravenous infusion of hematopoietic stem cells in order to reestablish blood cell production in patients whose bone marrow or immune system is damaged or defective. (medscape.com)
Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) are the most thoroughly characterized stem cell population in the body and their study has resulted in well established methods for their isolation, purification and reliable assays of HSC function. (bu.edu)
For example, because hematopoietic stem cells can reconstitute the entire blood system, bone marrow transplantation has long been used in the clinic to treat various diseases. (articlecity.com)
Bone marrow appears to contain three stem cell populations: hematopoietic stem cells, stromal stem cells and endothelial precursor cells. (bvsalud.org)
Hematopoietic stem cells are cells isolated from blood and bone marrow that can differentiate into a variety of different specialized cells and suffer apoptosis 1 . (bvsalud.org)

The cells of the ICM are no longer omnipotent, because they no longer share the fate of the trophoblast, and they have committed themselves to an embryonic fate with the ability to become any cell in the body (but not the trophoblast). (thefutureofthings.com)

Induced pluripotent stem cells represent one of the most promising research advances within the past decade, making this a valuable report for both executives and investors to use to optimally position themselves to sell iPSC products. (prnewswire.com)
Here we have succeeded in inducing human iPSC to recapitulate the main steps of retinal development and to form fully laminated 3D retinal tissue by exploiting the intrinsic cues of the system to guide differentiation ( Supplementary Fig. 1 ). (nature.com)
The researchers proved that the iPSC cells thus obtained then had the capacity to reform all types of human cells. (eurekalert.org)
We have established in the lab robust differentiation protocols for the induction of intestinal specification of these disease-specific iPSC. (bu.edu)
Several projects in the lab utilizes the liver differentiated progeny of iPSC to study genetic and infectious diseases affecting the liver. (bu.edu)
By accessing primary human target cells we hope to establish a new paradigm in the use of iPSC-derived cells for infectious diseases. (bu.edu)
Our long standing interest in the immune system now focuses in the utilization of iPSC-derived immune cells, including myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), T cells and others as the basis to study several inflammatory diseases such as lupus erythematosus and the signaling cascade responsible for immune dysregulation. (bu.edu)

Such cell transplantation therapies would need the effective seeding of as many as 1 108 donor cardiomyocytes per individual [4]. (bioinbrief.com)
Permanent cultures of cardiac cells described so far have limited value for studying cell biology and pharmacology of the developing heart because of the loss of proliferative capacity and cardiac-specific properties of cardiomyocytes during long-term cultivation. (uni-luebeck.de)
Whereas early differentiated cardiomyocytes are characterized by action potentials and ionic currents typical for early pacemaker cells, terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes show action potentials and ionic currents inherent to ventricular-, atrial- or sinus nodal-like cells. (uni-luebeck.de)

Moreover, single cell heterogeneity amongst stem cell populations may underlie important cell fate decisions. (jci.org)
Despite their unpredictability, Zhang notes that induced stem cells can still be used to make pure populations of specific types of cells, making them useful for some applications such as testing potential new drugs for efficacy and toxicity. (scienceblog.com)
While western blotting and other methods are useful for the examination of single proteins expressed by entire cell populations, flow cytometry allows the detection of multiple proteins simultaneously at the level of individual cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Understanding cell-fate decisions in stem cell populations is a major goal of modern biology. (lu.se)
Here we describe how microRNA-regulated lentiviral vectors can be used to visualize specific cell populations by exploiting endogenous microRNA expression patterns. (lu.se)
To track differentiating cell populations, reporter cell lines generated by homologous recombination (knock-in) or via BAC transgenes have been widely used in mouse cells (5-8 ). (lu.se)

The more cell types a cell can differentiate into, the greater its potency. (wikipedia.org)
In the spectrum of cell potency, totipotency represents the cell with the greatest differentiation potential, being able to differentiate into any embryonic cell, as well as any extraembryonic cell. (wikipedia.org)
To create next-generation cell therapies, we are also incorporating gene editing with an aim to increase potency and persistence, further reduce immunogenicity, or build safeguard mechanisms into the cells, making cell therapy an even more powerful tool to help patients suffering from intractable diseases. (bayer.com)
Stem cells can divide into two cells identical to the original stem cell or into differentiated cell types, depending on their origin and differentiation potency. (bvsalud.org)

Of particular interest is their contribution to Developmental Neurotoxicity (DNT) as well as their potential impact on stem cells. (plos.org)
Developmental Cell. (lu.se)

Together, our data demonstrate the fundamental role of Brd4 in monitoring cell differentiation through its interaction with acetylated histone marks and disruption of Brd4 may cause aberrant differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)

However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they "de-differentiate" and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. (jove.com)
In the mature brain cortex, OPCs are the major proliferative cells (comprising ~5% of total brain cells) and control new myelin formation in a neural activity-dependent manner. (bvsalud.org)

During the creation of new blood vessels, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein differentiates stem cells into vascular endothelial cells and stimulates them to create new blood vessels. (medicalxpress.com)
In particular, the invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of embryonic stem cells into muscle cells or vascular endothelial cells. (justia.com)

These transcription factors play a key role in determining the state of these cells and also highlights the fact that these somatic cells do preserve the same genetic information as early embryonic cells. (wikipedia.org)

Both types of stem cells have shown promise in animal studies, but more research is needed to determine their safety and efficacy in humans. (globalstemcelltherapy.com)

These antibodies are added to live, unfixed cells in a single-step assay that takes only 30 minutes and has no adverse effects on stemness or proliferation. (genengnews.com)
Although a small percentage of the cells may be capable of proliferation [3], this CL 316243 disodium salt manufacture is usually not sufficient for regeneration after myocardial injury. (bioinbrief.com)
Fluorescent antibodies specific for cell surface markers can be combined with markers of apoptosis, proliferation and protein phosphorylation to determine which cell subsets respond to various stimuli or treatments. (bdbiosciences.com)

Most of analysis has been done under a specific differentiation condition that may present significantly different molecular changes over others. (ca.gov)
NPCs are distinct from differentiated cells of the nervous system at the molecular level. (sanbio.nl)
State-of-the art technologies are used to investigate global molecular changes that arise during neuronal fate specification and differentiation from pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells. (yale.edu)
The molecular study of fat cell development in the human body is essential for our understanding of obesity and related diseases. (mdpi.com)
However, the molecular mechanisms of how ES cells are differentiated remain much less understood. (utexas.edu)
It will quite effectively cater to the needs of molecular biologists, molecular geneticists, cell and molecular biologists, animal, plant, and crop geneticists, synthetic biologists, biotechnologists, and researchers involved with the fields of stem cell and molecular aspects of cancer research. (caister.com)
Therefore, after treatment, cells must be quickly fixed and subjected to stronger permeabilization conditions to allow the antibody to enter the nucleus and access the epitope within disrupted molecular complexes. (bdbiosciences.com)
Stemfactor BMP-4 is a recombinant protein expressed and purified from human 293 cells as a glycosylated homodimer with a molecular mass of 34 kDa. (anhsci.com)
However, the molecular pathways that lead to specification and terminal differentiation of specific cell types, such as myocytes, from embryonic stem cells during development are not entirely clear. (justia.com)

Here, we use human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived from controls and subjects with 16p11.2 deletion and 16p11.2 duplication to understand the underlying mechanisms regulating brain overgrowth. (bvsalud.org)

The success achieved over the last decade with islet transplantation has intensified interest in treating diabetes, not only by cell transplantation, but also by stem cells. (wjgnet.com)
In particular, the induction of stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells (myocytes) is useful for muscle transplantation and therapeutic purposes, as well as providing potential human disease models in culture (e.g. for testing pharmaceuticals). (justia.com)
This involves transplantation of developing midbrain cells from aborted fetuses, (the part that form mesDA neurons), into the striatum of a PD patient. (lu.se)
We still do not know what specific factors contribute to the success in transplantation i.e. what cells are responsible for motor recovery? (lu.se)

This unique ability makes them ideal candidates to model early development allowing us to study the basic signaling mechanisms involved in stem cell fate determination. (bu.edu)
In terminally differentiated cell fate is coupled to appropriate regulation of the alternative cells, transcriptional networks must be stable and irreversible, pathways. (lu.se)

totipotentia, "ability for all [things]") is the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all of the differentiated cells in an organism. (wikipedia.org)
This complex process occurs in several steps and controls the development of pluripotent cells into highly specialised cells of an organism. (europa.eu)
At the top of the list comes the zygote-a fertilized egg, which of course has the ability to divide and differentiate into all cell types in the body and create a new organism. (thefutureofthings.com)
The first three divisions of the zygote give birth to eight totipotent cells, each of which also has the ability to become an entire organism. (thefutureofthings.com)
They are able to differentiate into any cell of an organism and have the ability of self-renewal. (articlecity.com)

We also propose that over time these DNA lesions would also accumulate in stem/precursor cells impairing their replicative capacity, thereby contributing to the complex aging phenotype. (yale.edu)

Rapid advancements in this vertical include protocols for directed differentiation, defined culture systems, demonstration of applications in drug screening, the establishment of various disease models, and evaluation of therapeutic potential in treating incurable diseases. (grandviewresearch.com)
Basic Cell Culture Protocols 4th Ed. By Helgason, Cheryl D., Miller, Cindy L. (Eds. (dattanibookagency.in)
Updating and significantly expanding upon the previous editions, Basic Cell Culture Protocols, Fourth Edition provides the novice cell culturist with sufficient information to perform the basic techniques, to ensure the health and identity of their cell lines, and to be able to isolate and culture specialized primary cell types. (dattanibookagency.in)
Comprehensive and up-to-date, Basic Cell Culture Protocols, Fourth Edition compiles the essential techniques needed to approach this vital laboratory activity with full success. (dattanibookagency.in)
We provide detailed protocols for the generation of lentiviral vectors, the transduction of hES-cells, and their differentia- tion into neurons. (lu.se)
Finally, we provide protocols for analyzing these cells through flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. (lu.se)

Anatomy63

Organisms13

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs79

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes64

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Vitro30

Ability to differentiate10

Germ layers11

ESCs17

IPSCs14

Progenitor10

Mouse embryonic stem1

Pluripotency20

Regenerative20

Induce6

Neurons from human2

Terminally differentiated cell types1

Lineage9

Derived from human pluripotent stem1

Genes24

Fibroblasts4

Having induced pluri1

Analysis of human embryonic1

HESCs10

Extra-embryonic2

Somatic cells to a pluripotent2

Epigenetic5

Self-renewal and differentiation2

Adult29

Mesenchymal stem3

Neuronal differentiation3

Development of pluripotent stem1

Characteristics7

Epithelial cells2

Functional9

Lineages3

Induced pluripotent state1

Cardiomyocyte differentiation2

Gene expression5

Required for proper differentiation1

Cellular10

Embryo4

Progenitors5

Tissues7

Human-induced plur1

Fully differentiated1

Hematopoietic stem5

Trophoblast1

IPSC7

Cardiomyocytes3

Populations6

Potency4

Developmental2

Aberrant differentiation1

Proliferative2

Vascular endothelial cells2

Early embryonic1

Types of stem1

Proliferation3

Molecular9

HiPSCs1

Transplantation4

Fate2

Organism5

Precursor cells1

Protocols6