Differentiation from immature cell. Medical search. Frequent questions

Through its activity as a transcription factor and its interactions with other proteins, the GATA1 protein regulates the growth and division (proliferation) of immature red blood cells and platelet-precursor cells (megakaryocytes) and helps with their differentiation. (medlineplus.gov)
The latter findings point to the participation of Nogo-A/NgR1 signaling in the regulation of other aspects of growth, such as tissue expansion or turnover by cell proliferation. (jneurosci.org)
Endothelial cell lineage tracing showed that BNP directly stimulated the proliferation of resident endothelial cells via NPR-A binding and p38 MAP kinase activation. (elifesciences.org)
BNP also stimulated the proliferation of WT1 + epicardium-derived cells but only in the hypoxic area of infarcted hearts. (elifesciences.org)
BNP treatment increased their proliferation but not their differentiation capacity. (elifesciences.org)
The origin of new endothelial cells (i.e. resident or infiltrating) as well as the underlying mechanism leading to their proliferation (partial endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition [EndMT] or not) have long been debated. (elifesciences.org)
Estrogens are female sex hormones that have genotoxic and proliferation-enhancing effects in cells. (helsinki.fi)
Signal transduction down the Ras/MAPK pathway, including that critical to T cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation, has been generally considered to occur at the plasma membrane. (scielo.br)
All of these cells play a critical role in the proliferation, differentiation and selection of precursor cells in the T-cell lineage, but the precise mechanisms not well understudood. (nel.edu)
Kit-derived Mature Mouse Dendritic Cells Induce Proliferation of Allogeneic T Cells. (rndsystems.com)
Using KIT-mutant GIST cell lines, these investigators showed that a small molecule IGF-1R kinase inhibitor (NVPAEW541) reduced cellular proliferation and induced apoptosis. (liferaftgroup.org)
Proliferation-linked shifts in eligibility of DN1 cells to undergo specification thus control kinetics of T-cell generation. (lu.se)

However, these cells have limitations, such as rapid maturation and a short lifespan in vivo . (newswise.com)
In previous studies, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiated into imDCs, and sinomenine (SN) was used to inhibit the maturation of imDCs. (newswise.com)
Upon maturation, these MMF-iDCs upregulated CD83 and costimulatory molecules and HLA-DR on their surface, indicating that these cells respond to LPS, albeit less than control iDCs. (eur.nl)
This change in gene activity blocks the maturation (differentiation) of blood cells and leads to the production of abnormal, immature white blood cells called myeloid blasts. (medlineplus.gov)
1. Acute myeloid leukemia represents a defect in white blood cell development where the white blood cells are frozen at an immature (called undifferentiated) stage of maturation. (massgeneral.org)
We are working to develop 'differentiation therapy' for patients with AML -- therapy designed to trick the immature leukemia cells into resuming their normal process of maturation. (massgeneral.org)
It cooperates with IL-2, -6, -7, and -15 to induce NK cell development and with IL-3, -7, and -11 to induce terminal B cell maturation. (rndsystems.com)
Transcription factor MEF2C influences neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation and maturation in vivo. (ca.gov)
Although NK precursors and immature NK cells have been identified in mice and humans, the precise sites where NK cell maturation take place are not yet fully defined. (scielo.br)
The microenvironment of thymus is very important for the selection and maturation of T cells. (nel.edu)
Organic dust exposure alters monocyte-derived dendritic cell differentiation and maturation. (cdc.gov)
Dendritic cells (DCs) orchestrate inflammatory immune response in the airways, but little is known about how organic dust affects differentiation and maturation of monocyte-derived immature and mature DCs (iDCs, mDCs). (cdc.gov)
Dust exposure alters monocyte differentiation to iDCs and prevents maturation of iDC to mDCs. (cdc.gov)

Precursor cells and their phenotypes during the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells towards immature B cells. (uni-potsdam.de)
In particular, it plays an important role in development of hematopoietic stem cells, early blood cells that have the potential to develop into all types of mature blood cells such as white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. (medlineplus.gov)
Flt-3 Ligand, also known as FL, is an alpha-helical cytokine that promotes the differentiation of multiple hematopoietic cell lineages. (rndsystems.com)
It synergizes with IL-3, GM-CSF, and SCF to promote the mobilization and myeloid differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. (rndsystems.com)
Next, an overview of several current models of hematopoietic lineage trees to identify developmental branching points between the lymphoid and myeloid cell compartments is discussed. (scielo.br)
IL-5 has been shown to promote the growth of immature hematopoietic BFU-E progenitors, stimulate the activation and differentiation of eosinophils, and promote the generation of cytotoxic lymphocytes. (biolegend.com)
Our research focuses on how hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their immediate offspring are regulated in situations such as infections, stress, aging and leukemia. (lu.se)
By studying murine transgenic leukemia models developed in our laboratory, we are currently exploring the relationships between hematopoietic progenitor cell identities and the development and progression of acute leukemia. (lu.se)

Methods: Monocytes were differentiated into immature (i) DCs by cytokines with or without MMF. (eur.nl)
Results: The presence of MMF during the differentiation of monocytes into iDCs resulted in cells that retained low levels of CD14 and hardly expressed CD1a. (eur.nl)
However, these immunotherapeutic approaches are hampered by the tumor-promoting nature of myeloid cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. (frontiersin.org)
Myeloid innate immune cells, such as granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), play an important role in cancer-cell recognition, initiation of inflammation and antitumor responses ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
VSV infection triggered rapid differentiation of blood monocytes into immature dendritic cells as well as their apoptosis, which depended on caspase 3/7 activation. (karger.com)
Flt-3 Ligand induces the expansion of monocytes and immature dendritic cells as well as early B cell lineage differentiation. (rndsystems.com)
This kit contains the following optimized proteins and reagents to drive the efficient differentiation of mouse monocytes into dendritic cells. (rndsystems.com)

Although MtT/E cells are non-hormone-producing ones, Pit-1 protein is present in their nuclei, which suggests that MtT/E cells are progenitor cells of the Pit-1 cell lineage and have the potential to differentiate into hormone-producing cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Under these conditions, iPS cells begin to differentiate into a hepatocyte lineage. (spandidos-publications.com)
Gr-1 is also transiently expressed on bone marrow cells in the monocyte lineage. (biolegend.com)
Whilst differentiation of some lineage specific stem cells can be induced with a degree of certainty, a differentiation outcome of a population of pluripotent stem cells is less predictable. (justia.com)
The useful tools for differentiation between the above-mentioned entities are extensive bioptic examination and detailed immunohistochemical staining, enabling the pathologist to exclude the endothelial lineage (using CD31 and CD34) and to verify the epithelial origin through the detection of cytokeratins (spectra of high-molecular weight cytokeratins). (prolekare.cz)
While substantial progress has been made to delineate the developmental pathway of T-cell lineage commitment, still little is known about the relationship between differentiation competence and the remarkable expansion of the earliest (DN1 stage) T-cell progenitors. (lu.se)

The CellXVivo ™ Mouse Dendritic Cell Differentiation Kit contains the media and cytokine components to generate immature and mature dendritic cells from mouse bone marrow. (rndsystems.com)
Opened or reconstituted Mouse Dendritic Cell Base Media, Recombinant Mouse GM-CSF, Recombinant Mouse IL-4, or Recombinant Human TNF-alpha should be stored at 2-8 ° C under sterile conditions for up to 30 days or at -20 ° C to -70 ° C in a manual defrost freezer for up to 3 months. (rndsystems.com)
Immature dendritic cells exhibit characteristic dendritic cell morphology. (rndsystems.com)
Immature dendritic cells (left, blue) and TNF-α-treated mature dendritic cells (right, red), derived from bone marrow cells cultured with the CellXVivo ™ Mouse Dendritic Cell Differentiation Kit, were stained for flow cytometry with antibodies for CD11c, B7-2/CD86, MHC class II (I-A/I-E), or CD40 (open histograms). (rndsystems.com)
Described here are some of the general requirements of in vitro test methods for skin sensitization, and progress that has been made in developing suitable approaches with particular emphasis on the utility of dendritic cell culture systems. (cdc.gov)

However, the molecular pathways that lead to specification and terminal differentiation of specific cell types, such as myocytes, from embryonic stem cells during development are not entirely clear. (justia.com)

This study focused on exploring sinomenine (SN) to promote differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into imDCs (SN-iPSCs-imDCs), and found SN-iPSCs-imDCs with worse donor-specific T-cell stimulatory function, and higher regulatory T-cell proliferative function in vitro and in vivo to induce high immune tolerance. (newswise.com)
Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can differentiate into somatic cells ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

For this purpose we measured cytokine production by these LPS-stimulated cells (MMF-DCs) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays as well as their ability to activate naive Th lymphocytes. (eur.nl)
Monocyte differentiation required infectious VSV, but loss of CD14+ cells was also associated with the presence of a cytokine/chemokine milieu produced in response to VSV infection. (karger.com)

Although spontaneous changes of [Ca 2+ ] i have been examined in immature cortical neurons, the calcium dynamics of cortical precursor cells have received less attention. (jneurosci.org)
Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that these events occurred primarily in precursor cells rather than in postmitotic neurons. (jneurosci.org)
The morphological characteristics of these cells and immunohistochemical staining suggested that the coordinated events occurred in gap junction-coupled precursor cells. (jneurosci.org)
These results demonstrate distinct patterns of spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i change in cortical precursor cells and raise the possibility that these dynamics may contribute to the regulation of neurogenesis. (jneurosci.org)
During this time, precursor cells undergo interkinetic nuclear migration ( Seymour and Berry, 1975 ) in which cells in the DNA synthetic S phase have their nuclei in the upper third of the VZ. (jneurosci.org)
Both intrinsic and extrinsic signals are likely to influence the proliferative potential and eventual fates of precursor cells within the VZ. (jneurosci.org)
First steps in this direction are the characterization of relevant immune cells, optimization of culture conditions and in vitro differentiation from precursor to mature immune cells. (uni-potsdam.de)
One complementary therapy could be 're-activating' vasculogenesis (i.e. the differentiation of precursor cells into mature endothelial cells), a mechanism that occurs in the heart during development but is quiescent in adult hearts. (elifesciences.org)
The work, published in Cell Stem Cell on September 14, 2017, offers insight into why an imbalance between these precursor cells and neurons might contribute to mental illness or age-related brain disease. (neurosciencenews.com)
The new work sought to understand how neural precursor cells maintain their own cellular identity as they divide and create neurons or astrocytes. (neurosciencenews.com)
Gage's team conducted screens in cells from mice and rats to see which genes were being transcribed into proteins in precursor cells, immature neurons and astrocytes. (neurosciencenews.com)
Because all three cell types have roughly the same number of nuclear pores, the team concluded that Nup153 levels influence cell type and that a high level is necessary to maintain cells' precursor status. (neurosciencenews.com)
This was supported by the fact that disrupting Nup153's function in the precursor cells triggered differentiation. (neurosciencenews.com)
A fluorescent microscopy image shows Nup153 (red) in pore complexes encircling and associating with Sox2 (green) in a precursor cell nucleus. (neurosciencenews.com)

The effects of iPSCs-imDCs and SN-iPSCs-imDCs on T-cell stimulatory function, and regulatory T (Treg) cell proliferative function in vitro were analyzed by mixed lymphocyte reaction. (newswise.com)
In our current project we are working on the generation of immortal immune cell lines in order to improve our In vitro Immunization approach. (uni-potsdam.de)
Thereby the in vitro Immunization represents an alternative to the conventional hybridoma technique because cell lines would provide permanent and limitless numbers of the immune cells needed and could be generated from different host species. (uni-potsdam.de)
The induction of a specific differentiated cell type can be useful for transplantation or drug screening and drug discovery in vitro. (justia.com)

This is consistent with a negative-feedback loop, in which newly generated neurons modulate cell division of SVZ stem cells. (jneurosci.org)
Salk Institute scientists have discovered that an interaction between two key proteins helps regulate and maintain the cells that produce neurons. (neurosciencenews.com)
Immature neurons had an intermediate level of Nup153, and astrocytes had the lowest level. (neurosciencenews.com)
In this article, we first provide a short history of cell therapy in Parkinson's disease and briefly describe the current state-of-art regarding human stem cell-derived dopamine neurons for use in any patient trial. (lu.se)
Several academic and industry efforts are well under owned subsidiary Cyto Therapeutics, it had received way to produce dopaminergic neurons from stem approval by the Australian government to conduct a cells under conditions compliant with use in patients. (lu.se)
Without this, the patient cells lost in PD could be replaced by grafted community is left trying to interpret complex scien- immature human dopaminergic neurons [3, 5]. (lu.se)

To study the capacity of SN to maintain iPSC-derived imDCs (SN-iPSCs-imDCs) in an immature state and the mechanism by which SN-iPSCs-imDCs induce immunotolerance. (newswise.com)
In this review, we discuss the dualistic effects of histamine: how histamine affects inflammation of the immune system through the activation of intracellular pathways that induce the production of inflammatory mediators and cytokines in different immune cells and how histamine exerts regulatory functions in innate and adaptive immune responses. (hindawi.com)
In the context of cancer, appropriately activated DCs can induce anti-tumor immunity by activating innate immune cells and tumor-specific lymphocytes that target cancer cells. (mdpi.com)
Placing the cells under conditions which induce specific cell types has been one form of an attempt to regulate the differentiation outcome. (justia.com)
culturing a stem cell in the presence of an embryonic cell and/or extracellular medium of an embryonic cell, under conditions that induce differentiation of the stem cell. (justia.com)

Table of genes implicated in development and differentiation of the intestinal epithelium The table listed below is a running comprehensive list of all intestinal differential genes that have been reported in the literature. (wikipedia.org)

Objectives: As dendritic cells (DCs) present in these skin lesions play a key role in the activation of Th lymphocytes, we investigated the effects of MMF on monocyte-derived DC differentiation. (eur.nl)
Conclusions: MMF inhibited the monocyte-derived DC differentiation resulting in cells that cannot be appropriately matured to DCs. (eur.nl)
The first 48 h of monocyte differentiation appears to be the susceptible period to exposure. (cdc.gov)
Environmental exposures present during early monocyte differentiation may impact the critical balance of DCs in the lung. (cdc.gov)
Mouse PBMCs were differentiated into immature mouse dendritic cells by culturing for 5 days in reagents included in the CellXVivo ™ Mouse Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells Differentiation Kit. (rndsystems.com)

Phenotypic Analysis of Cultured Immature and Mature Mouse Dendritic Cells. (rndsystems.com)
Generally, when a stem cell culture is induced to differentiate, the differentiated population is analysed for particular cell types by expression of genes, markers or phenotypic analysis. (justia.com)

Human embryonic stem cells also exhibit the Warburg effect ( 15 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In particular, the invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of embryonic stem cells into muscle cells or vascular endothelial cells. (justia.com)

[ 10 ] Although the mutation is known, the actual pathways that lead to abnormal osteoblast differentiation and function remain to be fully elucidated. (medscape.com)
The term "dyserythropoietic" refers to the abnormal red blood cell formation that occurs in this condition. (medlineplus.gov)
An abnormal GATA1 protein causes immature red blood cells to undergo a form of programmed cell death called apoptosis. (medlineplus.gov)
Most of the abnormal blood cells are immature and don't function normally. (medicinenet.com)
The induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation in stem cells is especially useful in developing therapeutic methods and products for heart disease and abnormal heart conditions. (justia.com)

OLs are the myelin-forming cells of the central nervous system and they derive from progenitor cells generated by multipotent precursors. (rupress.org)
During differentiation the expression of stem cell specific genes and markers are often lost and cells acquire gene expression profiles of somatic cells or their precursors. (justia.com)

The innate immune response by myeloid cells occurs as a succession of events starting at signaling through cytosolic or surface PRRs, followed by effector responses including the release of cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), antibacterial peptides and degranulation ( Figure 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Pathogen clearance is mediated by mechanisms such as phagocytosis, respiratory burst with the production of ROS and RNS and release of bacteriostatic peptides, but also through the cell-extrinsic initiation of inflammation via the release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines ( 24 ). (frontiersin.org)
Cytokines produced by DCs can also promote the differentiation of CD4 + T helper cells as part of immune activation. (rndsystems.com)
These conditions include growing the cells to high or low density, changing media, introducing or removing cytokines, hormones and growth factors, creating an environment which suits differentiation toward a specific cell type, such as providing a suitable substrate. (justia.com)

In order to differentiate into GH cells from MtT/E cells as a progenitor cell, we examined several differentiation factors and found that retinoic acid (RA) induced the differentiation of MtT/E cells into GH-producing cells. (elsevierpure.com)
These results suggested that MtT/E and MtT/S cells are progenitor or premature GH cells, and show different responses to differentiation factors. (elsevierpure.com)
Our data also suggested that GH cells differentiate from their progenitor cells through multistep processes. (elsevierpure.com)
In addition to TAMs, solid tumors are also infiltrated by immunosuppressive, immature myeloid progenitor cells, commonly referred to as monocytic or polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M/PMN-MDSC) ( 11 - 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
Here, we show that conditional knockout of Mef2c in nestin-expressing neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs) impaired neuronal differentiation in vivo, resulting in aberrant compaction and smaller somal size. (ca.gov)
Timely differentiation of progenitor cells is critical for development. (rupress.org)
In this study we asked whether global epigenetic mechanisms regulate timing of progenitor cell differentiation into myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in vivo. (rupress.org)
During the first 10 postnatal days, administration of valproic acid (VPA), the specific inhibitor for histone deacetylase activity, resulted in significant hypomyelination with delayed expression of late differentiation markers and retained expression of progenitor markers. (rupress.org)
1983) and the multipotent progenitor cells from fetal disease (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 2000). (lu.se)

The production of IL-4 and IL-10 by naive Th lymphocytes cocultured with MMF-DCs did not differ from that by T cells cocultured with control DCs. (eur.nl)
In a very interesting chapter, Z. PANCER and M. D. COOPER first consider the emergence of lymphocytes as a novel circulatory cell type in vertebrates and then discuss phylogenetic aspects of the superfamily of LRR - containing proteins and their role in immunity. (scielo.br)
The γ chain of the receptor forms part of the receptor also for IL-2 , -4, -7, -9, and -15, affecting the differentiation and growth of lymphocytes . (lu.se)

The use of such cell lines allows the ex vivo induction of an immune response and makes it independent from experimental animals. (uni-potsdam.de)
The stromal cell requirement for androgen-mediated effects was confirmed in vivo by experiments using chimeric animals created by bone marrow transplantation in which androgen receptor expression was restricted to either the stromal or lymphoid cells of the bone marrow. (jci.org)
Why Differentiate Dendritic Cells ex vivo ? (rndsystems.com)

To function properly, these immature cells must differentiate into specific types of mature blood cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Our results demonstrated that these immature cells have a natural capacity to differentiate into endothelial cells in infarcted hearts. (elifesciences.org)
In particular, the induction of stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells (myocytes) is useful for muscle transplantation and therapeutic purposes, as well as providing potential human disease models in culture (e.g. for testing pharmaceuticals). (justia.com)

Transcription factor RUNX1 promotes survival of acute myeloid leukemia cells. (medlineplus.gov)
The formation of new vessels in the hypoxic area restores blood flow, provides oxygen and nutriments to the surviving cells, and promotes the migration and engraftment of new cells. (elifesciences.org)

These experiments suggest that effects of androgens on developing B cells are mediated through androgen receptors in bone marrow stromal cells. (jci.org)
Histamine and its receptors represent a complex system of immunoregulation with distinct effects mediated by four GPCRs (G protein-coupled receptors HRs 1-4) and their differential expression, which changes according to the stage of cell differentiation and microenvironmental influences. (hindawi.com)
Jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) generate a diverse repertoire of B and T cell antigen receptors through the rearrangement of immunoglobulin V, D, and J gene fragments, whereas jawless fish (agnathans) assemble diverse lymphocyte antigen receptor genes through the genomic rearrangement of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) - encoding molecules. (scielo.br)
T cell differentiation occurs via T cell receptors. (nel.edu)
The neuroendocrine system regulates early T cell differentiation by the transcription of neuroendocrine genes in the stromal network and expression of cognitive receptors by immature T cells. (nel.edu)
Immature DCs express specific pattern recognition receptors that serve as expression markers and allow for the capture and processing of foreign antigens following infection. (rndsystems.com)

In the adult mammalian subventricular zone (SVZ), GFAP-positive neural stem cells (NSCs) generate neuroblasts that migrate tangentially along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) toward the olfactory bulb (OB). (jneurosci.org)
Neuroblastoma tumor initiating cells are immature with a neural crest-like phenotype and. (lu.se)
Neuroblastoma tumor initiating cells are immature with a neural crest-like phenotype and downregulation of HIF-2alpha in these cells results in neuronal sympathetic differentiation and the cells become phenotypically similar to the bulk of neuroblastoma cells found in clinical specimens. (lu.se)
CD133+), but are rarely codetected with the neural stem dents, very few human-specific NSC markers have been cell (NSC) marker CD15. (lu.se)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that have a notable role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. (mdpi.com)
This myeloid differentiation antigen is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked protein expressed on granulocytes and macrophages. (biolegend.com)
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) (also known as CD152) is a major negative regulator of T cell responses which interacts with the B7-1 (CD80) / B7-2 (CD86) ligands on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell. (scielo.br)
Upon activation, immature dendritic cells mature and increase the expression of class II MHC and co-stimulatory molecules important for effective antigen presentation to naïve T cells. (rndsystems.com)
The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is com- isolate the NSCs from neonatal mice and rats (Campos monly used as a cell surface marker to identify the pluri- et al. (lu.se)

The RUNX1 protein turns on (activates) genes that help control the development of blood cells (hematopoiesis). (medlineplus.gov)
While t(8;21) is important for leukemia development, a mutation in one or more additional genes is typically needed for the myeloid blasts to develop into cancerous leukemia cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Gage's team already knew that the cell nucleus-the ball-shaped membrane containing the genome-looks very different in the three cell types, with different genes active in each. (neurosciencenews.com)
Interestingly, Nup153 levels are also known to be high in cells with elevated levels of a mobile protein called Sox2, a transcription factor that floats around the nucleus and binds to genes and turns them on or off. (neurosciencenews.com)
In some cases, "master" genes have been described which control differentiation versus self-renewal. (justia.com)
Methods of inducing differentiation in stem cells and muscle cells produced therefrom may be used for the study of cellular and molecular biology of tissue development, for the discovery of genes and proteins such as differentiation factors that play a role in tissue development and regeneration. (justia.com)

The thymic microenvironment consists of a network of reticular epithelial cells and other fixed and free cells. (nel.edu)
The major histocompatibility complex participates in interactions between T cells and thymic epithelial cells, in addition to interactions between T cells and dendritic cells, macrophages and myoid cells. (nel.edu)
This work briefly summarizes morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of thymic epithelial cells, dendritic cells, macrophages and myoid cells. (nel.edu)

The growth of these cells is faster, leading to an inappropriate differentiation of mesenchymal cells. (medscape.com)

Normal myeloid cells undergo differentiation to form leukocytes. (medicinenet.com)
These experiments showed that the two DN1 sub-populations divided with similar rates, but progressed to the DN2 stage with different rates, thus providing experimental evidence that DN1 cells increase their commitment probability in a cell-intrinsic manner as they undergo cell division. (lu.se)

Immature B cells from normal mouse bone marrow were not responsive to the suppressive effect of androgens unless they were cocultured with marrow stromal cells or with supernatants from androgen-treated stromal cells, suggesting that the androgen effects are exerted through marrow stromal elements by production of a diffusible mediator. (jci.org)
C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow cells were stained with anti-mouse CD11b PE and anti-mouse Ly-6G/Ly-6C (Gr-1) (clone RB6-8C5) Spark Violet™ 423 (left) or CD11b PE only (right). (biolegend.com)
For the differentiation of dendritic cells from mouse bone marrow. (rndsystems.com)

Our data support a crucial role for MEF2C in programming early neuronal differentiation and proper distribution within the layers of the neocortex. (ca.gov)

GFAP is a specific marker for immature, reactive, and neoplastic astrocytes and ependymal cells. (upmc.edu)
The acantholytic variant of squamous carcinoma (ASC) represents a rare type of metaplastic breast carcinoma with typical occurrence of pseudoglandular and pseudovascular structures, arising as a result of cohesion loss between the neoplastic cells. (prolekare.cz)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are key mediators of both innate and adaptive immune responses. (rndsystems.com)

Another Salk professor and a coauthor on the paper, Martin Hetzer, previously found that proteins in the nuclear membrane influence gene expression in different kinds of cancer cells. (neurosciencenews.com)

The Sykes Lab is interested in a variety of topics, all centered around white blood cell development and how this development can be corrupted in the setting of infection, cancer or inherited disorders. (massgeneral.org)
Vaccine strategies that concentrate on stimulating T cell immunity will at best generate reactive and persisting T cell responses that can suppress virus without preventing infection, limiting or preventing the damage the virus cause. (scielo.br)
There is an abnormally high production of white bloodless (cells that fight infection and provide immunity), which are unable to mature properly leading to the symptoms in leukemia. (medicinenet.com)
The bone marrow produces a high number of B-Cells, a type of white blood cell that fights against infection-causing a decrease in healthy blood cells. (medicinenet.com)
The production of distinct blood cell types can be selectively adapted to meet an individual's acute needs, such as for instance the rapid and enhanced generation of innate immune cells following infection. (lu.se)

2000). In *Correspondence to: Perrine Barraud, Department of Veterinary Medi- contrast, several cell surface markers have been used to cine, Neurosciences, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OES, United enrich for NSCs in the rodent CNS. (lu.se)

The peptide hormone insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is critical for maintaining normal blood glucose levels and acts to regulate cellular metabolism and growth by facilitating glucose uptake by peripheral tissues. (diabetesjournals.org)
Radiation is used to damage, kill, and inhibit the growth of cancer cells. (medicinenet.com)
Differentiation of stem cells is known be triggered by various growth factors and regulatory molecules. (justia.com)
We have established an influence of both compromised genomic maintenance (nuclear and mitochondrial), and alterations in external growth control to these processes, which also have direct relevance for the stability and potential reversibility of the aging stem cell state. (lu.se)
The malformations have a normal endothelial cell growth cycle that affects the veins, the capillaries, or the lymphatics, and they do not involute. (medscape.com)

Currently, differentiation protocols generate cells with an immature phenotype. (sloankettering.edu)
Immature dendritic cells have the phenotype of CD11c + , with intermediate expression of B7-2/CD86, MHC class II, and little to no CD40. (rndsystems.com)
Mature dendritic cells have the phenotype of CD11c + , with increased expression of B7-2/CD86, MHC class II, and CD40. (rndsystems.com)
The HIF-2alpha-Driven Pseudo-Hypoxic Phenotype in Tumor Aggressiveness, Differentiation, and Vascularization. (lu.se)
In these cells, HIF-2 is active under nonhypoxic conditions as well, creating a pseudo-hypoxic phenotype with clear influence on tumor behavior. (lu.se)

Castration of normal male mice induces expansion of the bone marrow B cell population, an effect that can be reversed by androgen replacement. (jci.org)
Androgens only affected B cell development in chimeric mice with androgen-sensitive stromal cells. (jci.org)
Conditional null mice surviving to adulthood manifested more immature electrophysiological network properties and severe behavioral deficits reminiscent of Rett syndrome, an autism-related disorder. (ca.gov)
Other recent studies verified the presence of PAPP-A mRNA in granulosa cells of humans, monkeys, cattle, mice, and pigs. (bioone.org)
2000. The effect of raloxifene on the uterine weight response in immature mice exposed to 17- estradiol, 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2- bis ( p -chlorophenyl)ethane, and methoxychlor. (cdc.gov)

[ 9 , 10 ] As a consequence of this mutation, a substitution occurs in which the cysteine or the histidine-amino acids of the genomic DNA in the osteoblastic cells-is replaced by arginine. (medscape.com)
When cells pass from S to G 2 , the nuclei migrate toward the VZ surface where mitosis occurs. (jneurosci.org)
Dyserythropoietic anemia and thrombocytopenia is a condition that affects blood cells and primarily occurs in males. (medlineplus.gov)
Increases in the amount of PAPP-A mRNA in granulosa cells during follicular development occurs in some but not all species, indicating that other proteases or protease inhibitors may be involved in IGFBP degradation. (bioone.org)

However, clear evidence for functional NK cell subsets exists in humans and the presence of NK cells in the thymus and immature NK cells in the liver suggests specific functions for NK cells in the tissues. (scielo.br)
Bone-marrow-derived progenitors must continually enter the thymus of an adult mouse to sustain T-cell homeostasis, yet only a few input cells per day are sufficient to support a yield of 5 ⋅ 10 7 immature T-cells per day and an eventual output of 1-2 ⋅ 10 6 mature cells per day. (lu.se)

After 7 days of culture, the cells were subjected to reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR analysis. (spandidos-publications.com)
The Onecut homeodomain transcription factor hepatic nuclear factor 6 (Hnf6) is necessary for proper development of islet β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
Sustained expression of Hnf6 also results in downregulation of the β-cell-specific transcription factor MafA and a decrease in total pancreatic insulin. (diabetesjournals.org)
The fact that we were able to connect transcription factors, which are mobile switches, to the pore complex, which is a very stable structure, offers a clue as to how cells maintain their identity through regulated gene expression," says Tomohisa Toda, a Salk research associate and first author of the paper. (neurosciencenews.com)

Immune cells abundantly infiltrate tumors, creating a complex environment mediated by repetitive cycles of antitumor responses and immune evasion ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)

In the mouse brain, we found that the plasticity inhibitors Nogo-A and Nogo receptor 1 (NgR1) are differentially expressed in the SVZ-OB system, in which Nogo-A identifies immature neuroblasts and NgR1 germinal astrocytes. (jneurosci.org)

Hence, myeloid cells play a dual role in cancer as they can initiate antitumor responses and communicate with cells of the adaptive immune system, but also promote local inflammation leading to chronic cancer-associated inflammation ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)

To establish whether these cells were differentiated into iDCs, we analysed the expression of cell surface molecules on these cells and the capacity to capture antigens using flow cytometry. (eur.nl)

Fibrous dysplasia is caused by the sporadic mutation of the GNAS1 gene, which encodes the alpha subunit of the stimulatory G protein (G1) located on chromosome 20q13.2-13.3 of the osteoblastic cells. (medscape.com)

I would like to further dissect the aging process in multiple cell lineages using an inducible model system of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome, a premature aging disorder. (sloankettering.edu)
The process of differentiation in stem cells involves selective development of immature cells to committed and fully mature cells of various lineages. (justia.com)

After two days of culture in HSM, the expression levels of α-fetoprotein (AFP) and albumin, which are hepatocyte markers, were upregulated, suggesting that hepatocyte differentiation was initiated ( 19 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Synthetic biology allows researchers to program cells to perform novel functions such as fluorescing in response to a particular chemical or producing drugs in response to disease markers. (sciencedaily.com)
Furthermore, the ASC shows positive immunohistochemical staining for markers of the myoepithelial differentiation, e.g. cytokeratin 14, CD10 and p63, suggesting an immature cell population with basaloid features. (prolekare.cz)

In an excellent issue, J.P. Di SANTO focuses on murine NK cells, although parallels to human NK cell biology are also made. (scielo.br)
The IGF/IGF-1R system plays a key role in the biology of normal cells and tissues. (liferaftgroup.org)

Human liver organoids are formed from the assembly of hepatocyte-like cells differentiated from iPS cells, human umbilical vascular endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
BNP treatment increased vascularisation and the number of endothelial cells in all areas of infarcted hearts. (elifesciences.org)
Therefore there remains a need for providing effective methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells into specific cell types, such as myocytes or endothelial cells. (justia.com)

X-linked SCID , accounting for about 50-60% of SCID cases, is caused by IL-2 receptor γ chain mutations, which lead to very low numbers of T cells and NK cells , whereas B cells are present in high numbers. (lu.se)

PRR on myeloid cells can be triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), but also indirectly by secondary mechanisms such as complement activation and circulating antibodies (Abs), resulting in cytolytic and phagocytic effector mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
Molecular subtypes of small cell lung cancer: a synthesis of human and mouse model data. (cancerindex.org)
A broader interest of our laboratory is to understand the molecular regulation of HSCs both from the perspectives of self-renewal and differentiation, and how these features become altered upon disease-causing or disease-associated perturbations. (lu.se)
Our goal is to understand, at cellular and molecular levels, what controls HSCs and the fate of other immature blood cells. (lu.se)

which is the iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. (medlineplus.gov)
The GATA1 protein is involved in the specialization (differentiation) of immature blood cells. (medlineplus.gov)
also known as ASH1), neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NeuroD1), yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3). (cancerindex.org)
IL-5 is a homodimeric, disulphide-linked protein produced by T-cells. (biolegend.com)

We treated MtT/S cells with glucocorticoid and found that they differentiated into mature GH cells with many secretory granules in their cytoplasm and they responded well to GHRH. (elsevierpure.com)
In affected individuals, immature red blood cells are unusually shaped and cannot develop into functional mature cells, leading to a shortage of healthy red blood cells. (medlineplus.gov)
A lack of immature red blood cells results in decreased amounts of specialized, mature red blood cells, leading to anemia . (medlineplus.gov)
These results suggest that downregulation of Hnf6 expression in β-cells during development is essential to achieve a mature, glucose-responsive β-cell. (diabetesjournals.org)
It divides ALL into subtypes based on the type of cell involved (B or T cell) and how mature it is. (cancer.ca)
Maturity is described as differentiation, which is the normal process by which immature (unspecialized) cells become mature (specialized) cells. (cancer.ca)
Serial dilutions of TNF-α-treated mature dendritic cells were incubated with allogeneic mouse T cells for 3 days. (rndsystems.com)
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells which can give rise to a succession of mature functional cells. (justia.com)

[ 15 ] Osteocalcin is a late marker of osteoblast differentiation. (medscape.com)
[ 13 ] Osteocalcin is a late marker of osteoblast differentiation. (medscape.com)

Although tumor-promoting functions have been attributed to other granulocytes, like eosinophils ( 17 ), basophils ( 18 ) and mast cells ( 19 ), further research is required to fully elucidate their role in cancer, as antitumoral roles have also been described ( 20 , 21 ). (frontiersin.org)

RB6-8C5 is not suitable for depletion of hepatic myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) 20 . (biolegend.com)

Osteoblastic cells expressing this mutation have a higher DNA synthesis than normal bone cells. (medscape.com)
Involved bone cells are immature. (medscape.com)
The consequence of this mutation is an inappropriate cell differentiation resulting in a disorganized fibrotic bone matrix. (medscape.com)
Further experiments revealed that bone marrow stromal cells produced TGF-β in response to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and neutralization of TGF-β in the DHT-treated stromal cells reversed the suppressive effects. (jci.org)
Several lines of evidence support the hypothesis that gonadal steroids exert effects on the development of B cells in bone marrow. (jci.org)
Androgens also exert effects on B cell development in bone marrow. (jci.org)
Flt-3 Ligand is expressed as a noncovalently-linked dimer by T cells and bone marrow and thymic fibroblasts. (rndsystems.com)
Leukemia is a cancer of the blood cells and bone marrow. (medicinenet.com)
Lymphoid leukemia (lymphoid or lymphoblastic leukemia) arises from the lymphoid line of cells in the bone marrow. (medicinenet.com)
It is slow-growing cancer that begins in the lymphocyte cells present in the bone marrow. (medicinenet.com)
A group of closely related diseases in which the bone marrow produces very few healthy, functioning red blood cells , white blood cells, platelets, or any combination of the three. (medicinenet.com)
[ 9 ] Consequently, the osteoblastic cells will elaborate a fibrous tissue in the bone marrow instead of normal bone. (medscape.com)
[ 8 ] The consequence of this mutation is an inappropriate cell differentiation resulting in a disorganized fibrotic bone matrix. (medscape.com)

The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies ALL based on how the leukemia cells (blasts) look under the microscope. (cancer.ca)
Myeloid leukemia (myelogenous leukemia) arises from the myeloid line of the white blood cells. (medicinenet.com)
Aberrant regulation of blood cell formation underlies a wide range of hematological disorders, including leukemia. (lu.se)

Anatomy67

Organisms7

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs87

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Phenomena and Processes56

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Proliferation12

Maturation13

Hematopoietic8

Monocytes7

Lineage6

Dendritic cell5

Terminal Differentiation1

Induced plur2

Cytokine2

Precursor14

Vitro4

Neurons6

Induce5

Development and differentiation1

Monocyte5

Phenotypic analysis2

Embryonic stem2

Abnormal5

Precursors2

Cytokines4

Progenitor9

Lymphocytes3

Vivo3

Differentiate3

Promotes2

Receptors6

Neural4

Antigen5

Genes6

Epithelial cells3

Mesenchymal cells1

Undergo2

Mouse bone marrow3

Neuronal1

Neoplastic2

Adaptive immune responses1

Proteins1

Infection5

NSCs1

Growth5

Phenotype5

Mice5

Occurs4

Thymus2

Transcription4

Immune cells1

Astrocytes1

Initiate1

Flow cytometry1

Gene1

Lineages2

Markers3

Biology2

Endothelial3

Mutations1

Molecular4

Protein4

Mature8

Marker2

Granulocytes1

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells1

Bone13

Leukemia3