Wang Y., Steimle P.A. , Ren Y., Ross C.A., Robinson D.N., Egelhoff T.T., Sesaki H., Iijima M. Dictyostelium huntingtin controls chemotaxis and cytokinesis through the regulation of myosin II phosphorylation. (uncg.edu)
We show that the actin nucleation factor SCAR/WAVE is strongly activated during Dictyostelium cytokinesis. (biologists.com)
We demonstrate that SCAR activity is essential to drive myosin-II-independent cytokinesis, and stabilises the furrow, ensuring symmetrical division. (biologists.com)
In the model organism Dictyostelium discoideum , loss of the CLN5 homolog, cln5 , impacts various cellular and developmental processes including cell proliferation, cytokinesis, aggregation, cell adhesion, and terminal differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
One dramatic example of a process in which a cell reshapes itself is during the mechanical separation of a mother cell into two daughter cells during cytokinesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Regulation of myosin1
A biochemical mechanism for the spatial regulation of myosin II filament disassembly. (uncg.edu)
Discoideum1
To this end, I use the social amoeba, Dictyostelium discoideum , as a model system for examining the molecular pathways regulating the ability of myosin II to mediate contraction of actin filaments in the highly dynamic context of a nonmuscle cell. (uncg.edu)
Phosphorylation7
Identification of a new mechanism for targeting myosin II heavy chain phosphorylation by Dictyostelium myosin heavy chain kinase B. (2010) BMC Res Notes 3(1):56. (uncg.edu)
This phosphorylation is critical in regulating the assembly and disassembly of myosin II filament. (expasy.org)
Phosphorylation of elongation factor 2 by EF-2 kinase affects rate of translation. (expasy.org)
To fully understand this complex and essential regulatory process, the kinases and phosphatases mediating the changes in cellular phosphorylation must be identified and characterized. (rupress.org)
Quantitation of the distribution and flux of a mutant myosin-II that is defective in phosphorylation-dependent thick filament disassembly confirms that heavy chain phosphorylation regulates normal recruitment to the furrow cortex. (biomedcentral.com)
The analysis indicates that myosin-II flux through the cleavage furrow cortex is regulated by thick filament phosphorylation. (biomedcentral.com)
Disassembly1
the functional consequence of filament disassembly is the inactivation of myosin II-mediated contraction of the cell. (uncg.edu)
11.72
In enzymology, a myosin-heavy-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + [myosin heavy-chain] ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + [myosin heavy-chain] phosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and myosin heavy-chain, whereas its two products are ADP and myosin heavy-chain phosphate. (wikipedia.org)
Dictyostelium myosin heavy chain kinase A (EC 2.7.11.7 ) (MHCK A). It phosphorylates a threonine in the C-terminal tail region of myosin II heavy chain. (expasy.org)
The best understood of these involves myosin-II-dependent constriction around the cell equator, but both Dictyostelium and mammalian cells also use a parallel, adhesion-dependent mechanism to generate furrows. (biologists.com)
Crystal structure of the atypical protein kinase domain of a TRP channel with phosphotransferase activity. (expasy.org)
Substrate1
WD repeat domain of Dictyostelium myosin heavy chain kinase C functions in both substrate targeting and cellular localization. (uncg.edu)
Proteins5
This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring a phosphate group to the sidechain oxygen atom of serine or threonine residues in proteins (protein-serine/threonine kinases). (wikipedia.org)
The name α-kinase was suggested for the family according to existing evidence that eIF-2 and MHCK A phosphorylate amino acids located within α-helices whereas classical kinase proteins phosphorylate amino acids within loops [ 3 ]. (expasy.org)
α-kinases are multi-domain proteins with a wide variety of domains present in the family. (expasy.org)
The N-terminal lobe is very similar in structure to that of classical protein kinases, whereas its C-terminal lobe resembles that of ATP-grasp proteins more closely. (expasy.org)
Rho GTPase effectors are a large group of proteins and include actin nucleation promoting molecules, adaptors, as well as kinases. (biomedcentral.com)
Biochemical2
Through extensive biochemical and genetic analysis, we now know that pathways are not simply switched on with kinases and off with phosphatases. (rupress.org)
A variety of approaches, including biochemical purification, gene isolation by homology, and genetic screens, have been successfully used for the identification of putative protein kinases and phosphatases. (rupress.org)
Enzyme1
The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:[myosin heavy-chain] O-phosphotransferase. (wikipedia.org)
It phosphorylates eukaryotic elongation factor 2. (expasy.org)
Furrow4
The peak concentration of GFP-myosin-II in the furrow cortex is 1.8-fold higher than in the polar cortex and 2.0-fold higher than in the cytoplasm. (biomedcentral.com)
The myosin-II in the furrow cortex, however, represents only 10% of the total cellular myosin-II. (biomedcentral.com)
The cell may, therefore, regulate the amount of myosin-II sent to the furrow cortex in accordance with the amount needed there. (biomedcentral.com)
Further, the amount of myosin-II observed in the furrow cortex is in close agreement with the amount predicted to be required from a simple theoretical analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
Catalytic3
The structure bears a striking resemblance to that of classical protein kinases in the catalytic core as well as to metabolic enzymes with the ATP-grasp domain. (expasy.org)
Mapping of the novel protein kinase catalytic domain of Dictyostelium myosin II heavy chain kinase A. (expasy.org)
Linking Ras to myosin function: RasGEF Q, a Dictyostelium exchange factor for RasB, affects myosin II functions. (uncg.edu)
Threonine1
An essential ion channel and serine/threonine-protein kinase. (expasy.org)
Pathway1
Adding further complexity to this picture is the fact that both kinases and phosphatases can function in signaling networks where multiple kinases and phosphatases contribute to the outcome of a pathway. (rupress.org)
It was shown that the EF-2 kinase and the myosin heavy chain kinase A (MHCK A) share a conserved region of about 250 amino acids, the α-kinase domain [ 2 ]. (expasy.org)
The crystal structure of the α-kinase domain of a TPR channel has been solved [ 5 ]. (expasy.org)
As in classical kinase the domain consists of two lobes that bind nucleotide at the interface between them. (expasy.org)
Neurospora α-kinase with a VWFA domain. (expasy.org)
The profile we developed covers the entire α-kinase domain. (expasy.org)
Essential2
A conserved C-terminal glycine rich motif which locates in the region that corresponds to the activation loop of classical kinases is essential for the enzymatic activity [ 6 ]. (expasy.org)
Here we report the first quantitative analysis of the distribution and flux of myosin-II, an essential element of the contractile ring. (biomedcentral.com)
Cells4
These two modes of cell movement are interconvertible and several moving cells, including tumor cells, show an high degree of plasticity in motility styles shifting ad hoc between mesenchymal or amoeboid movements. (biomedcentral.com)
The intercellular bridge is severed or resolved, resulting in separation of the two daughter cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The intent of vaccination is to induce a combined antibody and T-cell anti-HER-2 immune response, which is intended to target HER-2-expressing tumor cells, and may induce tumor regression or slow progression of disease. (stanford.edu)
During the life cycle of flowering plants, nuclear fusion occurs three times: once during female gametogenesis and twice during double fertilization, when two sperm cells fertilize the egg and the central cell. (preprints.org)
Function1
Two factors concur to determine specific Rho GTPase function: tissue specificity of GTPase effectors and distinct intracellular localizations of closely related Rho GTPases, due to different lipid modifications [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Alpha-kinases: analysis of the family and comparison with conventional protein kinases. (expasy.org)
Ability1
The α-kinases were initially identified because of the experimentally observed ability of EF-2 kinase to phosphorylate elongation factor-2 [ 1 ]. (expasy.org)
Long1
Although the importance of kinases in this process has long been recognized, an appreciation for the complex and fundamental role of phosphatases is more recent. (rupress.org)
Loss1
Loss of SCAR in both Dictyostelium and Drosophila leads to a similar mitotic phenotype, with severe mitotic blebbing, indicating conserved functionality. (biologists.com)
Include1
Other names in common use include ATP:myosin-heavy-chain O-phosphotransferase calmodulin-dependent myosin heavy chain kinase MHCK MIHC kinase myosin heavy chain kinase myosin I heavy-chain kinase myosin II heavy-chain kinase [myosin-heavy-chain] kinase myosin heavy chain kinase A STK6. (wikipedia.org)
ALPHA1
A Chain A, Crystal Structure Of Mouse Alpha. (nig.ac.jp)
Activity2
They are endowed with GTP hydrolytic activity, mainly involved in cytoskeleton rearrangements and cell motility, but also involved in cell proliferation, transformation and differentiation [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The current trial, BNIT-BR-003, will evaluate the safety and biological activity of a fixed dose of MVA-BN®-HER2 following adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with HER-2-positive breast cancer. (stanford.edu)
Close1
Haploid nuclei migrate in an actin filament-dependent manner to become in close contact, then two nuclei fuse. (preprints.org)
Patients1
RESULTS: Of 1625 patients with EC, 216 (13%) had gPVs, and 15 patients had 2 gPVs. (bvsalud.org)
Animal1
2. Acting Administrator, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. (sfroundup.com)