OrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHealth Care
MicroalgaeDiatomsBiofuelsChlorophytaChlorellaPhotobioreactorsStramenopilesPhytoplanktonEukaryotaDNA, AlgalDinoflagellidaChlorella vulgarisScenedesmusBiomassHarmful Algal BloomChlamydomonas reinhardtiiSpirulinaAlgal ProteinsHaptophytaAquatic OrganismsBiotechnologyPhotosynthesisSeawaterChlorophyllXanthophyllsFresh WaterMarine ToxinsDistillation
BiomassAlgaeDinoflagellatesCultivation of MicroalgaeAlgalPhotosyntheticEukaryoticCyanobacteriaOrganismsGrunowNannochloropsisBenthicLipidsPennate diatomsBiofuel productionMacroalgaePhytoplanktonCarbonTerrestrialMicroscopicLipid productivityBiodiesel productionBIOreactorPhotosynthesisPolyunsaturated fattyMarine diatomGrowthGenusFatty acidsSeawaterAllelopathyFreshwaterSuitableEarth'sClosteriumPhaeodactylumCentricShellsSubstratesTidalSnailsProductionSilicaNitrogenBeneficial2019SuggestsAdvantagesLaboratory
Biomass14
  • Rather, P. crassipes decreased diatom and cyanobacterial biomass by up to 50 % in the mudflat and 80 % in the sandflat, probably via bioturbation. (researchgate.net)
  • These studies have shown that microalgae can capture around 100 Gt of CO 2 into biomass annually. (azocleantech.com)
  • At present, scientists have been involved in bio-capturing carbon dioxide using algae, and conversion of microalgae biomass containing CO 2 into energy (biofuel) or other value-added products. (azocleantech.com)
  • It involved the study of around 160 species of microalgae from different places along the west coast of Sweden, in a bid to identify those that could extend the Nordic growing season, thus allowing an increase in the production of energy-rich algae biomass. (thefishsite.com)
  • Numerous studies have shown that the lipid content in the biomass of some microalgae can reach up to 75% [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among the latter topics are the discussions of whether it is better to produce lipids and then convert them to biofuels or maximize the production of diatom biomass and then convert it to biocrude products using, for example, hydrothermal processes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bio-oil refers to the oil extracted from diatom lipid that can be upgraded using processes such as transesterification, and biocrude refers to the natural crude-like oil converted from the diatom biomass via thermochemical means. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The local microalgae strains were characterized in terms of biomass and lipid productivity, in addition to protein content, and fatty acid profile, content and productivity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nevertheless, although biofuel production from microalgae is technically possible, it is currently economically unfeasible due to the high cost of biomass production and processing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Microalgae cultivation in seawater is among the few possible options for biomass production for producing fuels at any significant scale. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nature based climate solutions need scalability and affordable space for biomass - diatoms can sequester carbon by sinking into sediments for free. (liquidtrees.org)
  • 3. Marine microalgae for outdoor biomass production-A laboratory study simulating seasonal light and temperature for the west coast of Sweden. (nih.gov)
  • 6. LED power efficiency of biomass, fatty acid, and carotenoid production in Nannochloropsis microalgae. (nih.gov)
  • 16. Gas Transfer Controls Carbon Limitation During Biomass Production by Marine Microalgae. (nih.gov)
Algae14
  • A diatom ( Neo-Latin diatoma ) [a] is any member of a large group comprising several genera of algae , specifically microalgae , found in the oceans, waterways and soils of the world. (eol.org)
  • Algae are photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms that are categorized as microalgae (unicellular) and macroalgae (multicellular) based on their size. (azocleantech.com)
  • Blue-green algae (cyanobacteria), green algae, red algae, and diatoms are commonly referred to as microalgae. (azocleantech.com)
  • Diatoms, a group of tiny algae, are also known as "living opals" because of the strange, beautiful properties of their silica shells. (doe.gov)
  • Most larvae are grazers or collector feeding on filamentous green, epilithic micro-algae, periphyton and filamentous diatoms. (mt.gov)
  • Some are herbivores that feed on microalgae, and some of the herbivorous snails prefer to graze on it from the substrate, others like to to clean it from the rocks, and still others love to scrape algae off the aquarium glass. (seahorse.com)
  • Furthermore, the different herbivorous snails tend to specialize on different types of microalgae and have definite preferences as to the types of algae they will eat, so it's important to have a nice variety of snails that cover all the bases in that regard. (seahorse.com)
  • In other words, they are good at eating diatoms, but will consume red slime and green algae as well. (seahorse.com)
  • We found a couple of suitable microalgae that live along the west coast, the diatom Skeletonema marinoi and the green algae Nannochloropsis granulata ," said Cornelia Spetea Wiklund, project leader and professor of plant cell physiology at the University of Gothenburg . (thefishsite.com)
  • and DINOFLAGELLATES as part of microalgae, even though they are not algae. (nih.gov)
  • Microalgae are microscopic algae. (propharco.gr)
  • They are comprised of the unicellular algal species, e.g. green algae, diatoms, and dinoflagellates. (propharco.gr)
  • Microalgae and macroalgae are the two major types of algae based on cellularity. (propharco.gr)
  • Single-celled algae, or diatoms, in the genus Pseudo-nitzschia produce domoic acid, which accumulates in the food web. (nih.gov)
Dinoflagellates3
Cultivation of Microalgae1
  • The cultivation of microalgae is a rather young technology and has so far been carried out especially to obtain food bases for aquaculture (e.g. fish and mussels). (awi.de)
Algal4
  • According to the 2010 and 2020 Algal Diseases Review, regular outbreaks of diatom felt in aquiculture areas caused pollution, bleaching and decreased yields of economic macroalgae, which led to significant economic losses for the global algal industry [ 11 - 13 ]. (techscience.com)
  • Allelopathy can suppress the growth of microalgae by impairing the structure, photosynthesis and enzyme activity of algal cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The present study evaluates the performance of native microalgae strains in semi-continuous mode, considering the suitability of the algal-derived fatty acid composition and the saponifiable lipid productivity as selection criteria for microalgal fuel production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Microalgae are unicellular algal species that may either live singly or in colonies. (propharco.gr)
Photosynthetic3
  • However, some diatoms, which are photosynthetic microalgae, did exhibit a preference for plastic type. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This endosymbiont has lost its photosynthetic properties, but has kept its ability to perform nitrogen fixation , allowing the diatom to fix atmospheric nitrogen . (eol.org)
  • We were able to measure the first laminarin diel cycle of microalgae in nature, which suggests that laminarin is accumulated by photosynthetic activity over the day and consumed in low light conditions over night. (marum.de)
Eukaryotic1
  • In eukaryotic microalgae the cell wall is generally composed by a microfibrillar layer of cellulose, which may be surrounded by an amorphous layer. (hollywoodsstudio.ca)
Cyanobacteria2
  • The mineral soils contain cyanobacteria and diatoms. (wikipedia.org)
  • [19] Other diatoms in symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria are among the genera Hemiaulus , Rhizosolenia and Chaetoceros . (eol.org)
Organisms4
  • Unusually for autotrophic organisms, diatoms possess a urea cycle , a feature that they share with animals , although this cycle is used to different metabolic ends in diatoms. (eol.org)
  • Diatoms are classified as eukaryotes , organisms with a nuclear envelope -bound cell nucleus , that separates them from the prokaryotes archaea and bacteria . (eol.org)
  • Diatoms are necessary components of microfouling organisms. (techscience.com)
  • However, in the cultivation of aquatic plants, including diatoms, toxic chemicals cannot be used for environmental reasons and because in controlling destructive species and other undesirable microorganisms, these toxins can also eliminate the very aquatic organisms that are wanted. (biomedcentral.com)
Grunow1
  • Nitrate reductase (NR) and urease (UA) activities in the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii (Grunow) Fryxell et Hasle were measured in NO 3 − , NH 4 + , and urea-sufficient cultures before and after challenge additions of NH 4 + , NO 3 − , and urea in a factorial design. (springer.com)
Nannochloropsis2
  • Marine brown diatom Chaetoceros calcitrans and green microalga Nannochloropsis oculata are beneficial materials for various applications in the food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries. (phcog.com)
  • 17. Development and validation of a screening procedure of microalgae for biodiesel production: application to the genus of marine microalgae Nannochloropsis. (nih.gov)
Benthic5
  • We crossed presence of burrow-excavating crabs Pachygrapsus crassipes and nutrient enrichment (nitrogen and phosphorus) in cages containing herbivorous surface-feeding snails Cerithidea californica and benthic microalgae in a tidal mudflat and a tidal sandflat in Mugu Lagoon, southern California, USA. (researchgate.net)
  • Diatoms also grow attached to benthic substrates, floating debris, and on macrophytes . (eol.org)
  • Benthic diatoms living in tidal flats are subject to extremely high variability in their living conditions: They experience extreme fluctuations in temperatures, salinities, nutrient availability and radiation intensities due to the tides and the associated temporary drying out of the tidal flats. (awi.de)
  • The BIOBED (BIOreactor for BEnthic Diatoms) project, which has been running since October 2020, is currently in the exploratory phase. (awi.de)
  • The goals of the project are, on the one hand, the evaluation of benthic diatoms with regard to their ingredients and cultivation conditions and, on the other hand, the technical planning of a photo-bioreactor facility in which benthic diatoms can also be cultivated on a larger scale. (awi.de)
Lipids6
  • Microalgae, capable of accumulating large amounts of lipids, are of great value for biodiesel production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Reducing the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the culture medium is widely used to change the content and productivity of lipids in microalgae. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For the production of biodiesel from microalgae, not only the high content of lipids is essential, but also their composition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the composition of various classes of lipids, as well as in the free state in microalgae cells, 135 fatty acids were noted, differing in the length of the hydrocarbon chain, and the presence and number of double bonds [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, microalgae with a high content of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in lipids are the most promising for biodiesel fuel production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 5. Mitigation of carbon dioxide by oleaginous microalgae for lipids and pigments production: Effect of light illumination and carbon dioxide feeding strategies. (nih.gov)
Pennate diatoms1
  • [16] Diatoms have two distinct shapes: a few ( centric diatoms ) are radially symmetric, while most ( pennate diatoms ) are broadly bilaterally symmetric. (eol.org)
Biofuel production1
  • Tunisia is one of the south-western Mediterranean countries that possess various biota with untapped microalgae diversity along with a large non-arable surface area (totalling almost 40%) as well as suitable weather for microalgae growth − 64,000 GJ/ha of solar radiation a year-making microalgae cultivation for biofuel production theoretically feasible [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Macroalgae1
Phytoplankton3
Carbon7
  • Conover SAM (1975) Partitioning of nitrogen and carbon in cultures of marine diatom Thalassiosira fluviatilis supplied with nitrate, ammonium and urea. (springer.com)
  • Several studies have indicated that microalgae have exhibited maximum carbon-fixing capabilities. (azocleantech.com)
  • Among the advantages of a diatom-based, open (to the atmosphere) pond system in biofuels production are the simultaneous capability of assimilating carbon dioxide and removing nutrients from wastewater sources, while at the same time, producing valuable fuels and other bioproducts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Liquid Trees offers a microalgae-based technology for biological carbon sequestration, removing heavy metals and other pollutants from river water. (liquidtrees.org)
  • We believe that our in-situ microalgae-based carbon dioxide removal technology requires optimized and robust measurement methods to ensure the effectiveness of the monitoring and validation process . (liquidtrees.org)
  • Moreover, laminarin accounted for up to 50% of the carbon in sinking, diatom containing particles and thus contributed significantly to carbon export from surface waters. (marum.de)
  • To conduct the study, the scientists grew microalgae in culture under conditions that were previously shown to produce the toxin - phosphate limitation and increased carbon dioxide levels. (nih.gov)
Terrestrial1
Microscopic1
  • Extracellular polymeric substances produced by lacustrine diatoms helped promote sulfurization and the exceptional preservation of arachnids in the Oligocene age Aix-en-Provence Formation, France, according to optical and electron microscopic analyses. (nature.com)
Lipid productivity1
  • This work results from the systematisation of information on using nitrogen and phosphorus restriction to increase the lipid productivity of microalgae of different taxonomic and ecological groups to identify future research directions. (biomedcentral.com)
Biodiesel production2
  • The present work describes the effect of phosphate (Ca3 (Po4) 2) on biodiesel production and growth of freshwater diatoms. (ijsr.net)
  • Achieving the right balance between maximum growth and maximum lipid content and productivity is the primary goal of many experimental works to ensure cost-effective biodiesel production from microalgae. (biomedcentral.com)
BIOreactor1
Photosynthesis1
  • Similar to plants , diatoms convert light energy to chemical energy by photosynthesis , but their chloroplasts were acquired in different ways. (eol.org)
Polyunsaturated fatty1
  • Due to their high protein and lipid content as well as their high concentrations of vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids, some microalgae are also used as high-quality food supplements or as starting material for pharmaceutical products. (awi.de)
Marine diatom1
  • Berges JA, Harrison PJ (1993) Relationship between nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity and light limited growth rate in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana (Bacillariophyceae). (springer.com)
Growth11
  • Antia NJ, Berland BR, Bonin DJ, Maestrini SY (1975) Comparative evaluation of certain organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen for phototrophic growth of marine microalgae. (springer.com)
  • The element feeds the growth of a microalgal species called the diatom. (popsci.com)
  • The attachment of large quantities of epiphytic diatoms will limit their hosts' access to light and nutrients, thereby adversely affecting the hosts' growth [ 9 ]. (techscience.com)
  • The results revealed that the growth of diatoms in terms of number of cells was better at lower concentrations of phosphate. (ijsr.net)
  • Maximum growth (1x104 cells/ml) could be recorded at 0.05 mg/l which was maintained up to 1.0 mg/l of phosphate concentration However, the growth of diatoms decreased Considerably with the increasing concentration of phosphate Beyond 1.0 mg/l. (ijsr.net)
  • When the phosphate concentration was increased to 5.0 mg/l, the growth of diatoms was reduced drastically (4x103 cells /ml). (ijsr.net)
  • The minimum growth (2 x 102) of diatoms in terms of number of cells was recorded in presence of 50 mg/l of phosphate. (ijsr.net)
  • In this review, a simple procedure that portends the open-pond growth of commercially viable diatoms is discussed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Increased lipid concentrations within different species of diatoms have been observed by the modification of nutrient availability and other requisite growth conditions [ 6 - 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • High growth rates combined with significant lipid productivities make diatoms a leading candidate as a source of either bio-oil or biocrude. (biomedcentral.com)
  • So far, comparison studies for microalgae selection for this purpose were mainly based on data obtained from batch cultures, where the lipid content and the growth rate were the main selection parameters. (biomedcentral.com)
Genus1
  • The oldest fossil evidence for diatoms is a specimen of extant genus Hemiaulus in Late Jurassic aged amber from Thailand. (eol.org)
Fatty acids1
Seawater1
  • In the second experiment, the settlement substrates consisted in a film of cultured Ulvella lens or a naturally developing biofilm of diatoms, and the employed rearing water was either natural seawater or seawater previously exposed to P. lividus adults. (stir.ac.uk)
Allelopathy1
Freshwater1
  • In this study, five native microalgae strains from Tunisia (one freshwater and four marine strains) were isolated and evaluated as potential raw material to produce biofuel. (biomedcentral.com)
Suitable2
  • Since fish farms need feed sources and the fish and shellfish industries need to clean their process water, our blue solutions with microalgae are suitable for ex. (thefishsite.com)
  • Selection of native microalgae allows identifying potential strains suitable for use in the production of biofuels. (biomedcentral.com)
Earth's1
  • Diatomaceous earth (diatomite) is a collection of diatom shells found in the earth's crust. (eol.org)
Closterium1
  • This study selected two potential allelochemicals 2-hydroxycinnamic acid and quinic acid to explore their effects on a diatom Nitzschia closterium and an economic seaweed Monostroma nitidum . (techscience.com)
Phaeodactylum1
  • In a randomized controlled trial, we tested Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT), a microalgae rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), carotenoids, vitamins, and β-glucans, cultured in bioreactors. (nih.gov)
Centric1
  • however, male gametes of centric diatoms have flagella , permitting active movement to seek female gametes. (eol.org)
Shells2
  • Without this microalgae-and the silicon shells it lives inside-you'd have a much harder time taking your next breath. (popsci.com)
  • The shells of dead diatoms can reach as much as a half-mile (800 m) deep on the ocean floor, and the entire Amazon basin is fertilized annually by 27 million tons of diatom shell dust transported by transatlantic winds from the African Sahara , much of it from the Bodélé Depression , which was once made up of a system of fresh-water lakes. (eol.org)
Substrates1
  • According to previous studies, diatoms have no strict specificity for different attachment substrates but are classified as epilithic, epipelic, epipsammic, epiphytic and epizoic diatoms according to their attachment substrate [ 4 - 8 ]. (techscience.com)
Tidal1
Snails2
  • Diatoms also form the base of the food chain, feeding small animals like mussels, crabs, and snails, which in turn feed bigger animals like otters, turtles, and even humans. (popsci.com)
  • Introduced as soon as possible to a new aquarium, that has reached this cycling phase, Astrea snails effectively limit the development of all microalgae. (seahorse.com)
Production9
  • This study aimed to develop the innovative process for material production using functional diatoms based on the biosilica engineering, in which biosilica cell wall of diatoms were engineered via genetic manipulation. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Our microalgae could live on what is left in the process water while cleaning the water so that it can be recycled back into the production process. (thefishsite.com)
  • We examined a number of topics relevant to the production and harvesting of diatoms as well as topics concerning the production of bioproducts from diatoms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The production of microalgae is essentially agriculture, but without the ability to control invasive species in the absence of herbicides and insecticides, pollution and production costs would be prohibitive. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While economically competitive production of biofuels from diatoms will be difficult, when priority is given to multiple high-value products, including wastewater treatment, and when biofuels are considered co-products in a systems approach to commercial production of diatoms, an economically competitive process will become more likely. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An economically competitive, open-diatom production system is must among many challenges solve two significant problems: (a) prevention of invasive species from becoming the dominant species, thus hindering the operator's ability to ensure dominance of the most desirable species in a production facility and (b) control of damage by predators when they do invade. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Syvertsen [ 10 ] has concluded that to maximize diatom fatty acid production, it is best to maximize total diatom production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Microalgae are attracting much attention as a promising feedstock for renewable energy production, while simultaneously providing environmental benefits. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Microalgae are the initial EPA and DHA producers in the marine food chain and can naturally grow fast under a variety of autotrophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic culture conditions with high long chain ω-3 fatty acid production potential. (propharco.gr)
Silica2
  • A unique feature of diatom anatomy is that they are surrounded by a cell wall made of silica (hydrated silicon dioxide ), called a frustule . (eol.org)
  • The main difference between these and free living diatoms is that they have lost their cell wall of silica, making them the only known shell-less diatoms. (eol.org)
Nitrogen2
  • Eppley R, Rogers J (1970) Inorganic nitrogen assimilation of Ditylum brightwellii a marine plankton diatom. (springer.com)
  • When studying nutritional stress in microalgae, no single approach is used to determine the experimental concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus. (biomedcentral.com)
Beneficial1
  • Our mission is to use the best bioremediation technology for globally polluted rivers using native beneficial microalgae. (liquidtrees.org)
20191
  • Originally, this project was intended to be a traditional taxonomic description of the spider fossils preserved in the Aix-en-Provence Formation, but in Fall 2019, more or less on a whim, we put the spider fossils under the fluorescence microscope and were amazed to see that they autofluoresced. (nature.com)
Suggests1
  • Fossil evidence suggests that diatoms originated during or before the early Jurassic period, which was about 150 to 200 million years ago. (eol.org)
Advantages1
  • The key advantages of microalgae-based CCS technologies are that they eliminate the above-mentioned limitation of conventional CCS technologies. (azocleantech.com)
Laboratory1
  • Although experiments were performed at laboratory conditions, the methodology used in this paper allows a robust evaluation of microalgae strains for potential market applications. (biomedcentral.com)