AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
TuberculosisTuberculosis, PulmonaryMycobacterium tuberculosisTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantTuberculosis VaccinesTuberculosis, MiliaryIsoniazidLatent TuberculosisTuberculosis, Lymph NodeTuberculosis, OsteoarticularTuberculosis, GastrointestinalTuberculosis, SpinalTuberculosis, BovineTuberculosis, CutaneousTuberculin TestSputumRifampinTuberculosis, PleuralSensitivity and SpecificityTuberculosis, MeningealMycobacterium bovisTuberculosis, UrogenitalExtensively Drug-Resistant TuberculosisAntibiotics, AntitubercularPyrazinamideBCG VaccineBacterial ProteinsTuberculosis, OcularAntigens, BacterialTuberculosis, SplenicTuberculosis, HepaticDelayed DiagnosisMycobacteriumTuberculosis, Female GenitalEthambutolMycobacterium smegmatisTuberculosis, EndocrineDirectly Observed TherapyTuberculosis, Central Nervous SystemTuberculosis, LaryngealEarly DiagnosisTuberculosis, RenalDNA, BacterialPrenatal DiagnosisRetrospective StudiesPolymerase Chain ReactionBacteriological TechniquesTuberculosis, OralAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsContact TracingMicrobial Sensitivity TestsDrug Resistance, BacterialDiagnostic ErrorsTime FactorsInterferon-gammaHIV InfectionsSouth AfricaTuberculinDNA FingerprintingPolymorphism, Restriction Fragment LengthDiagnosisPeritonitis, TuberculousMycobacterium InfectionsIncidenceRisk FactorsTuberculosis, Male GenitalTreatment OutcomeLungPrevalenceReagent Kits, DiagnosticDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialRadiography, ThoracicMycolic AcidsProspective StudiesGranulomaMolecular Sequence DataReproducibility of ResultsPredictive Value of TestsTomography, X-Ray ComputedMolecular Diagnostic TechniquesBacterial Typing TechniquesIndiaStreptomycinMycobacteriophagesEmigration and ImmigrationMacrophagesInterferon-gamma Release TestsGenotypeEthionamideBiopsyEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayCoinfectionNontuberculous MycobacteriaDNA Transposable ElementsCommunicable Disease ControlImmunologic TestsEvaluation Studies as TopicInfant, NewbornPleural EffusionMicroscopy
MycobacteriumPulmonaryActive tuberculosisInfectionDrug-resistant tuMultidrug-resistant tuPrevalenceBacteria20202018LTBISymptoms of TuberculosisWorld Health OrganCases of tuberculosis2016OutcomesAIDS2022National Tuberculosis Control ProgrammeProgrammeDelays2023Prevention of tuberculosisInterferon-gammaRegimensPandemic on tuberculosisFight against tuberculosisClinical2019Improve tuberculosisDiagnosticAnti-tuberculosisBeat tuberculosisCure tuberculosisGlobal tuberculosisPrevent tuberculosisInterventionsPreventableAntiretroviralDetectionAntibioticsAffects the lungsIndiaTuberculinComplicationsRecurrenceSputumEliminationSmear-positiveMethodsCurable2021PatientAntituberculosisOutcomeControlRisk Factors
Mycobacterium15
Pulmonary17
  • We examined the clinical acumen of the medical staff in the diagnosis of tuberculosis and investigated the reasons for delay in the identification and treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. (nih.gov)
  • A retrospective chart review was undertaken between July 1985 and June 1988 on all patients with culture-proven pulmonary tuberculosis at two inner city hospitals. (nih.gov)
  • Eighty-five patients with culture-proven pulmonary tuberculosis were identified. (nih.gov)
  • The diagnosis and treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is often delayed owing to atypical presentations and slow confirmation by culture. (nih.gov)
  • To evaluate role of urine Tuberculosis Lipoarabinomannam (TB LAM) in making a diagnosis among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. (tci-thaijo.org)
  • Sixty-six cases of HIV negative who were suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis were recruited, sputum examination of acid fast stain and culture, chest x-ray, urine TB LAM were sent, bronchoscopy and washing and biopsy were performed among 12 cases. (tci-thaijo.org)
  • Lipoarabinoman nan in sputum to detect bacterial load and treatment response in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: Analytic validation and evaluation in two cohorts. (tci-thaijo.org)
  • Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) often occurs in patients that have been previously treated for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). (manchester.ac.uk)
  • Delay in diagnosis and treatment of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis leads to the spread of this disease [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Clinical manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis are cough, fever, weakness, and weight loss [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis plays a significant role in preventing the spread of the disease and eventual death of the patients [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Pulmonary tuberculosis represents a variety of radiographic patterns. (hindawi.com)
  • In a recent study published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine , researchers reported the TB-PRACTECAL clinical trial outcomes, which evaluated the efficacy and safety of oral bedaquiline, linezolid, and pretomanid (BPaL)-based regimens for pulmonary tuberculosis resistant to rifampicin. (news-medical.net)
  • The BPaLM regimen showed the most promising results, and the World Health Organization (WHO) suggested a six-month BPaLM course for rifampicin-resistant TB without fluoroquinolone resistance in 2022 and a BPaL regimen for pulmonary tuberculosis resistant to rifampicin with further resistance in 2022. (news-medical.net)
  • The study included individuals aged ≥15 years with pulmonary tuberculosis resistant to rifampicin at seven community locations and hospitals in South Africa, Belarus, and Uzbekistan. (news-medical.net)
  • Recently intracellular interferon gamma flow cytometry assay has been available for diagnosis of pulmonary TB. (academicjournals.org)
  • We assess this diagnostic method in the diagnosis of pulmonary TB with special concern on. (academicjournals.org)
Active tuberculosis8
  • These guidelines update previous CDC recommendations for treating and preventing active tuberculosis (TB) among adults and children coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (1-3). (cdc.gov)
  • Active tuberculosis begins when the bacteria starts developing, and the signs and symptoms begin to be visible. (wikipedia.org)
  • WHO updates policy for the use of lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan assay (LF-LAM) for diagnosing active tuberculosis in people living with HIV. (tci-thaijo.org)
  • If left untreated, the latent TB infection can reactivate and become active tuberculosis disease. (everydayhealth.com)
  • The prevalence of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) and the incidence of active tuberculosis in healthcare workers (HCWs) in a Portuguese hospital were examined. (ersjournals.com)
  • Screening healthcare workers (HCWs) for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active tuberculosis (TB) is fundamental in infection control programmes in hospitals 1 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Coincident with the rise in tuberculosis incidence in the 1980s, the emergence of multidrug-resistant TB increased the risk of serious illness and death in those developing active tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
  • Consecutive adult patients aged 18 and above with chronic respiratory symptoms (lasting more than 8 weeks) and no evidence of active tuberculosis were recruited. (who.int)
Infection29
  • All HIV-infected persons at risk for infection with M. tuberculosis must be carefully evaluated and, if indicated, administered therapy to prevent the progression of latent infection to active TB disease and avoid the complications associated with HIV-related TB. (cdc.gov)
  • The diagnosis of infection is made more arduous since SOT recipients may present with more than one infection or at later stages in the disease process or may experience drug toxicity from immunosuppressive agents, as well as from antibiotics. (medscape.com)
  • 1 ]. Tuberculosis is associated with risk factors such as age, male gender, HIV infection, smoking, asthma, and family history of close contact with TB patients [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • But treatment with antibiotic medications can take several months and may require monitoring by doctors to prevent a recurring infection. (everydayhealth.com)
  • Latent Tuberculosis Infection vs. Active TB Disease: What's the Difference? (everydayhealth.com)
  • Tuberculosis Infection: How Does It Spread? (everydayhealth.com)
  • Find out how tuberculosis infection is transmitted from person to person - and how to protect yourself. (everydayhealth.com)
  • Tuberculosis infection requires a difficult and lengthy treatment. (everydayhealth.com)
  • Investigations of contacts and treatment of contacts with latent TB infection (LTBI) became a strategy in the control and elimination of TB ( 2, 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine examines all aspects of M. tuberculosis biology, transmission, and infection, as well as ongoing strategies to treat and control it. (cshlpress.com)
  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a potentially fatal contagious disease that can affect almost any part of the body but is mainly an infection of the lungs. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Scientists know it as an infection caused by M. tuberculosis . (encyclopedia.com)
  • When streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against M. tuberculosis , was discovered in the early 1940s, the infection began to come under control. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The TB-PRACTECAL clinical trial investigated novel anti-tubercular medicinal performances in delivering efficient 24-week therapeutic regimens for tuberculosis infection resistant to rifampicin. (news-medical.net)
  • Havlir DV and Barnes PF (1999) Tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. (medscape.org)
  • 2000) Genitourinary tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection: clinical features in an innercity hospital population. (medscape.org)
  • 2007) A systematic review of rapid diagnostic tests for detection of tuberculosis infection. (medscape.org)
  • Introduction Interventions to improve adherence to treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are necessary to improve treatment completion rates and optimise tuberculosis (TB) control efforts. (bmj.com)
  • This is the first known trial protocol to assess the effect of a mobile health text-messaging intervention to improve treatment completion among individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). (bmj.com)
  • However, if your condition is caused by an infection, or an autoimmune or inflammatory disease, your doctor may prescribe steroid treatment. (healthline.com)
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are important in prevention of tuberculosis (TB) infection. (academicjournals.org)
  • As TB diagnosis fell, more and more people carrying the deadly infection unknowingly spread tuberculosis to other people they came in contact with. (indiatimes.com)
  • The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) estimated that over 5 million workers were exposed to TB in the course of their work, and while the incidence of tuberculosis continues to decline, health care workers remain at significant risk of exposure and possible infection. (cdc.gov)
  • This chapter reviews the microbiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and epidemiology of tuberculosis, focusing on occupational exposure and surveillance measures to prevent tuberculosis infection among workers employed in health care and other high-risk jobs. (cdc.gov)
  • Treatment of HIV infection may improve the virologic, histologic, and clinical evolution of chronic HBV infection. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment of HBV infection alone without addressing the HIV infection will lead to emergence of HIV strains that are resistant to nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI). (medscape.com)
  • Only tenofovir is fully active for treatment in patients with known or suspected lamivudine-resistant HBV infection. (medscape.com)
  • The resource also includes content on latent TB infection testing, diagnosis, and treatment in adults. (cdc.gov)
  • It presents information on common symptoms of HIV infection in children, course of HIV infection in infants and children, diagnosis of HIV/AIDS when HIV testing is unavailable, care for infants and ch. (bvsalud.org)
Drug-resistant tu7
  • He had extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). (msfaccess.org)
  • Diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) have radically changed in accordance with recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO) in the past decade, allowing rapid and simple diagnosis and shorter treatment duration with new and repurposed drugs. (who.int)
  • Oh KH, Quelapio MI, Morishita F, Rahevar K, Yanagawa M, Islam T. Progress on diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis in line with World Health Organization recommendations in six priority countries in the Western Pacific Region. (who.int)
  • Tuberculosis is one of India's biggest health issues, but what makes this problem even worse is the recent discovery of Totally Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, TDR-TB. (wikipedia.org)
  • World Health Organization recommends countries introducing new drug and short treatment regimen for drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) should develop and implement a system for active pharmacovigilance that a. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Failure to properly diagnose and treat TB can lead to death and can exacerbate antimicrobial resistance, a key contributor to rising cases of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis, and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, and increasing the probability of the introduction of resistant TB into new geographic areas. (govinfo.gov)
  • Lakey said that in the poor communities along the border, people are less likely to get early treatment and often times they travel back and forth across the border and are not able to complete their treatment routine which leads to drug-resistant tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
Multidrug-resistant tu2
  • Background Although new molecular diagnostic tests such as GenoType MTBDRplus and Xpert® MTB/RIF have reduced multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment initiation times, patients' experiences of diagnosis and treatment initiation are not known. (sun.ac.za)
  • WHO emphasised the importance of a strategic plan that addresses the challenges posed by multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and the need for adequate funding to reach the targets set for 2030 and 2035. (who.int)
Prevalence5
  • A national survey of tuberculosis prevalence in Vietnam. (cdc.gov)
  • Hoa NB , Tiemersma EW , Sy DN , Nhung NV , Gebhard A , Borgdorff MW , Household expenditure and tuberculosis prevalence in Vietnam: prediction by a set of household indicators. (cdc.gov)
  • Bone tuberculosis is relatively rare, but in the last few decades the prevalence of this disease has increased in developing nations partially as a result of the spread of AIDS . (healthline.com)
  • Dr. Francis Mhimbira, Head of the Department of Intervention and Clinical Trials at the Ifakara Health Institute and first author of the review, said: "In our review, we found no evidence reduction in long-term tuberculosis prevalence in areas where tuberculosis case detection interventions were implemented. (medicalxpress.com)
  • More studies have to evaluate the long-term impact of their interventions on tuberculosis prevalence so that health authorities can prioritize their resources effectively and work with the scientific community to provide evidence for the effectiveness of interventions. (medicalxpress.com)
Bacteria6
  • A tuberculosis screening test checks to see if you have the bacteria (germs) that cause tuberculosis (TB) in your body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • More definitive diagnosis is achieved by way of Blood Tests, chest X-rays (may show white marks as TB Bacteria walled off by the immune system), and microbiological culture of a clinical sample of sputum. (essaybarn.com)
  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease caused when bacteria attack the respiratory system. (michigan.gov)
  • A person can unknowingly acquire this bacteria and have it lie dormant within them, a condition known as inactive tuberculosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tuberculosis is a contagious disease caused by bacteria. (everydayhealth.com)
  • Miliary tuberculosis is a potentially life-threatening type of tuberculosis that occurs when a large number of the bacteria travel through the bloodstream and spread throughout the body. (msdmanuals.com)
20205
  • Over 1.5 million people in 45 high-burden countries, including India, are estimated to have had a missed or delayed tuberculosis diagnosis in 2020 due to the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, according to a study. (outlookindia.com)
  • As many as 195,449 (nearly two lakh) children below the age of 15 years, 1,126,133 (over 11.2 lakh) adults aged 15 to 64 years old and 235,402 (2.3 lakh) older individuals aged 65 years or older had a missed or delayed diagnosis of TB in 2020 as a result of COVID-19 disruptions, they said. (outlookindia.com)
  • In 2020, the Indian government made statements to eliminate tuberculosis from the country by 2025 through its National TB Elimination Program. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has severely disrupted TB responses in low- and middle-income countries, stalling and reversing years of progress made against TB, with detection dropping by 50 percent and an estimated 1,000,000 fewer people will be diagnosed and enrolled on TB treatment. (govinfo.gov)
  • Findings released by the Stop TB Partnership on March 18, 2021, found that TB diagnosis and enrolment on treatment in 2020 declined by an estimated total of 1,000,000 cases in 9 countries that collectively represent 60 percent of the global TB caseload, pushing the TB response back to 2008 levels in terms of people diagnosed and treated. (govinfo.gov)
20183
  • In late 2018, a team from the World Health Organization visited the camp to screen people suspected of having tuberculosis (TB). (who.int)
  • On March 24, 2019, TB Day, the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare of India notified that 2.15 million new tuberculosis patients were discovered only in 2018. (wikipedia.org)
  • In order to achieve by 2035 the goals of the Political Declaration of the High-Level Meeting of the General Assembly on the Fight Against Tuberculosis, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly October 10, 2018, and of the World Health Organization End TB Strategy, adopted by the World Health Assembly in 2014, new tools must be developed and made available. (govinfo.gov)
LTBI3
  • Besides a higher specificity and an at-least equal sensitivity as the TST, interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) correlate better with surrogate measures of exposure to M. tuberculosis 4 - 6 and have a higher predictive value for LTBI progression to active TB in close contact in low-incidence settings 7 . (ersjournals.com)
  • The aim of this study is to determine whether the WelTel intervention can improve treatment completion among patients with LTBI and to evaluate the intervention's cost-effectiveness. (bmj.com)
  • This trial will test the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the WelTel intervention to improve treatment completion among patients with LTBI. (bmj.com)
Symptoms of Tuberculosis1
World Health Organ5
  • India bears a disproportionately large burden of the world's tuberculosis rates, with World Health Organization (WHO) statistics for 2011 giving an estimated incidence figure of 2.2 million cases for India out of a global incidence of 9.6 million cases. (wikipedia.org)
  • According to World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, India has the world's largest tuberculosis epidemic. (wikipedia.org)
  • This is fourth edition of Treatment of tuberculosis: guidelines, adhering fully to the new World Health Organization process for evidence-based guidelines. (e-booksdirectory.com)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO), represented at the meeting, reiterated the seriousness of the global tuberculosis situation, with 1.3 million lives lost in 2022, including people co-infected with HIV. (who.int)
  • Although the recommendations pertain to the United States, they might be adaptable for use in other countries that adhere to guidelines issued by the World Health Organization, the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, and national TB control programs. (cdc.gov)
Cases of tuberculosis1
  • The number of new cases of tuberculosis continued to rise until the mid-I 990s, when renewed commitment of resources to public health with improvements in recognition and treatment of TB in high-risk individuals combined to decrease the incidence of active and latent tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
20161
Outcomes6
  • Chengsorn N , Bloss E , Anekvorapong R , Anuwatnonthakate A , Wattanaamornkiat W , Komsakorn S , Tuberculosis services and treatment outcomes in private and public health care facilities in Thailand, 2004-2006. (cdc.gov)
  • Shorter treatment regimens with new and repurposed drugs have also been adopted for MDR/RR-TB cases, alongside a decentralized model of care, leading to improved treatment outcomes. (who.int)
  • Early diagnosis of the disease plays an important role in preventing its irreversible damage and outcomes [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The study's primary outcome was the proportion of individuals in the altered intention-to-treat population and the per-protocol population with unfavorable outcomes (treatment discontinuation, treatment failure, disease recurrence, individuals lost to follow-up or death) 72 weeks post-randomization. (news-medical.net)
  • A randomised controlled trial (RCT), WelTel Kenya1, demonstrated that weekly text messages improved antiretroviral adherence and clinical outcomes among patients initiating HIV treatment. (bmj.com)
  • Secondary outcomes include daily adherence (percentage of days participants used medication as prescribed) and time to treatment completion. (bmj.com)
AIDS8
  • In India, tuberculosis is responsible for the death of every third AIDS patient. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bone tuberculosis is more of a risk in developing nations or for people living with AIDS. (healthline.com)
  • Tuberculosis and AIDS have a synergistic effect on each other. (hindawi.com)
  • Contributors explore the biological characteristics of M. tuberculosis, its complex interactions with the human immune system, and factors that influence the progression from latent to active TB disease (e.g., coinfection with HIV/AIDS). (cshlpress.com)
  • AIDS patients are much more likely to develop tuberculosis because of their weakened immune systems. (encyclopedia.com)
  • 2006) Antiretroviral therapy in AIDS patients with tuberculosis. (medscape.org)
  • After returning to Europe, Peter has worked for several major international policy organisations including the World Heath Organization, Global Fund against AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and the United Nations Joint Programme on HIV and AIDS. (lshtm.ac.uk)
  • It presents information on the diagnosis of AIDS when HIV testing is unavailable, the dual epidemic of HIV and tuberculosis, opportunistic infections and common treatments, basic nursing care for PLHA. (bvsalud.org)
20221
  • According to the The WHO Global Tuberculosis Report 2022, the number of people infected with tuberculosis, including those who are even resistant to drugs, has risen globally for the first time in years. (indiatimes.com)
National Tuberculosis Control Programme1
  • While India's Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) has done well to reach scale and provide free diagnosis and treatment for patients with drug-sensitive disease in the public sector, the programme falls short in making sure that all patients get screened for drug-resistance and in ensuring adequate therapy for all patients with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB. (opednews.com)
Programme3
  • Yuri's doctors said he had one chance left: a treatment programme offered by MSF in cooperation with Belarus' government, using the latest TB drugs. (msfaccess.org)
  • In Bangladesh, BRAC's tuberculosis programme with shasthya shebikas has been successful in the public sector. (opednews.com)
  • Objective To implement and assess the mobile X-ray unit (MXU) equipped with digital radiography, computer-aided detection (CAD) software and molecular point of care tests to improve early tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in vulnerable populations in a TB outreach screening programme in Romania. (bmj.com)
Delays5
  • The limitations of existing diagnostics result in diagnostic delays that contribute to late or missed diagnoses, with serious consequences for disease progression and TB transmission, thus fueling the epidemic. (treatmentactiongroup.org)
  • Two patients in the Xpert® MTB/RIF-based algorithm exemplified its potential to reduce delays, commencing MDR-TB treatment within a week of their first health contact. (sun.ac.za)
  • Conclusion Whilst the introduction of rapid tests such as Xpert® MTB/RIF can expedite MDR-TB diagnosis and treatment initiation, the full benefits are unlikely to be realised without reducing delays in health-seeking and addressing the structural barriers present in the health-care system. (sun.ac.za)
  • Delays in the diagnosis of tuberculosis may result in increased patient morbidity and in further spread of the disease. (nih.gov)
  • Yang W-T, Gounder CR, Akande T, et al, Barriers and Delays in Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Services: Does Gender Matter? (heni.co.in)
20232
  • Quick Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ. (mhmedical.com)
  • Luanda, 8 November 2023 - Today, Angola has taken a significant step in the fight against tuberculosis with the validation of the National Tuberculosis Strategic Plan for 2023-2027, convening influential partners such as UNICEF, the Global Fund, UNDP, and UNAIDS in Luanda. (who.int)
Prevention of tuberculosis1
  • These guidelines update previous CDC recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of tuberculosis (TB) among adults and children coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the United States. (cdc.gov)
Interferon-gamma1
Regimens3
  • However, since the onset of the pandemic, more effective and patient-friendly treatments and regimens for adults and children have become available to the TB community. (msfaccess.org)
  • The use of rifabutin-containing antituberculosis regimens should always include an assessment of the patient's response to treatment to decide the appropriate duration of therapy (i.e., 6 months or 9 months). (cdc.gov)
  • The most notable changes in these guidelines reflect both the recent advances in the use of antiretroviral therapy and the findings of clinical trials that evaluated new drug regimens for the treatment and prevention of TB among HIV-infected persons. (cdc.gov)
Pandemic on tuberculosis2
  • The team, including researchers from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), UK, noted that vulnerable populations in high-burden countries worldwide must be prioritised in efforts to reduce the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis (TB) care. (outlookindia.com)
  • The fifth event of the LSHTM-Charité Global Health Lecture Series will focus on Tuberculosis (TB) in light of the current COVID-19 pandemic, exploring the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on tuberculosis, including effects on access to services, diagnosis, vaccine development and MDR-TB. (lshtm.ac.uk)
Fight against tuberculosis1
  • On the other hand, the Secretary of State for Public Health, Dr. Pinto de Sousa, emphasised the Angolan Executive's satisfaction with the acceleration of the fight against tuberculosis. (who.int)
Clinical9
  • Time intervals between admission and the clinical suspicion, diagnosis, and treatment of tuberculosis were determined. (nih.gov)
  • Timely diagnosis of TB especially in prisoners by understanding its most important epidemiologic characteristics and clinical features can help to make an early treatment and prevent spread of mycobacteria and their complications. (hindawi.com)
  • In the present study, researchers presented the final TB-PRACTECAL clinical trial assessment, comparing the effectiveness and safety of the BPaLM treatment regimen to conventional therapy. (news-medical.net)
  • His research interest on tuberculosis and HIV covers a wide range of disciplines from molecular genetics, through epidemiology and clinical trials to social science and implementation research. (lshtm.ac.uk)
  • Currently, more than 2 billion people (ie, one third of the world's population) are infected with tuberculosis (TB), 10% of whom develop clinical disease, and 1.4 million of whom die of the disease annually. (medscape.com)
  • Prognosis is related directly to the clinical stage at diagnosis (See Prognosis ). (medscape.com)
  • The diagnosis of TBM cannot be made or excluded solely on the basis of clinical findings. (medscape.com)
  • Chronic bronchitis (49.1%) and asthma (36.1%) were the most common clinical diagnoses. (who.int)
  • Epidemiology, and the findings should be factored into clinical decision making and program design for disease prevention, screening, and treatment. (who.int)
20192
  • As part of its efforts to eliminate tuberculosis, the Union Government changed the name of Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) to National Tuberculosis Elimination Program (NTEP) on December 30, 2019. (wikipedia.org)
  • WHO says that progress made on TB diagnosis and treatment before 2019 has since "slowed, stalled or reversed. (indiatimes.com)
Improve tuberculosis1
Diagnostic10
  • The GeneXpert diagnostic testing technology from the US corporation Cepheid, and its parent company Danaher, has revolutionised rapid, accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and other diseases, since entering the market in 2010. (msfaccess.org)
  • OBJECTIVE: To study the association of distance (physical access) to DMCs with loss to follow-up (LTFU) of presumptive tuberculosis (TB) cases while undergoing diagnostic sputum examination and failure to initiate treatment among smear-positive TB patients after diagnosis. (ingentaconnect.com)
  • The distance (>10 km) to the diagnostic facility was found to be significantly associated ( P 7 days) in initiating treatment after diagnosis. (ingentaconnect.com)
  • This study aimed to explore and compare MDR-TB patients' experiences of their diagnostic and treatment initiation pathway in GenoType MTBDRplus and Xpert® MTB/RIF-based diagnostic algorithms. (sun.ac.za)
  • Machine learning algorithms can analyze large amounts of patient data and provide accurate and efficient diagnostic and treatment recommendations. (nexusapk.com)
  • By analyzing large amounts of patient data, machine learning algorithms can provide accurate and efficient diagnostic recommendations, leading to earlier detection and faster treatment initiation. (nexusapk.com)
  • Dr. Mhimbira states that more evidence is needed to be able to show the true impact of these interventions: "A guide especially on case definition of tuberculosis based on the standard highly sensitive diagnostic tools should be employed so that we can compare results from many settings. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Novel FujiLAM assay to detect tuberculosis in HIV positive patients in four African countries: a diagnostic accuracy study. (tci-thaijo.org)
  • In 1976, the American Thoracic Society (ATS) published brief guidelines for the investigation, diagnostic evaluation, and medical treatment of TB contacts. (cdc.gov)
  • Spinal Tap Diagnostic procedures may be needed to confirm a diagnosis suggested by the medical history and neurologic examination. (msdmanuals.com)
Anti-tuberculosis3
  • Private pharmacies and tuberculosis control: a survey of case detection skills and reported anti-tuberculosis drug dispensing in private pharmacies in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. (cdc.gov)
  • Although other more effective anti-tuberculosis drugs were developed in the following decades, the number of cases of TB in the United States began to rise again in the mid-1980s. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Anti-tuberculosis treatment must be started as quickly as possible to avoid complications. (bvsalud.org)
Beat tuberculosis1
Cure tuberculosis2
Global tuberculosis1
Prevent tuberculosis2
Interventions8
  • Interventions in this program include major investment in health care, providing supplemental nutrition credit through the Nikshay Poshan Yojana, organizing a national epidemiological survey for tuberculosis, and organizing a national campaign to tie together the Indian government and private health infrastructure for the goal of eliminating the disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • The targeted interventions include application of new technologies for case detection and diagnosis, introduction of electronic medication for TB patient management, reform of TB health information system, capacity building of TB professionals, and multi-sources financing for TB and pilot of new payment method. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This special issue from Infectious Disease of Poverty collected several articles that assessed the effects of the comprehensive interventions on TB and MDR-TB detection, treatment and financial risk protection as well as implementation experience and lessons learned during the project periods. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Evaluating the available evidence on diagnosis-supporting strategies, such as outreach screening, health promotion, outreach clinics, and active case-finding, the authors examined 17 randomized and non-randomized controlled studies to see which interventions were most effective. (medicalxpress.com)
  • This is not only a problem for the patient but one that could contribute to drug-susceptible TB becoming more resistant, so Dr. Mhimbira and the team believe that the importance of completing treatment should be emphasized throughout interventions. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Interventions to increase tuberculosis case detection at primary healthcare or community-level services, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2017). (medicalxpress.com)
  • However, it is recognised that there are still many challenges ahead, such as the need to increase decentralised access to diagnosis and treatment, ensuring that innovative interventions are effectively implemented. (who.int)
  • She continued to work in sub-Saharan Africa mainly in Zimbabwe focused on interventions to improve diagnosis of TB and HIV and linkage to care. (lshtm.ac.uk)
Preventable2
  • Tuberculosis is preventable, and if it's contracted and discovered early, it's generally treatable. (healthline.com)
  • a public health emergency and called on countries to make scaling up tuberculosis control a priority, TB remains a deadly health threat despite the fact that TB is a preventable, treatable, and curable disease. (govinfo.gov)
Antiretroviral3
  • All HIV-infected patients undergoing treatment for TB should be evaluated for antiretroviral therapy, because most patients with HIV-related TB are candidates for concurrent administration of antituberculosis and antiretroviral drug therapies. (cdc.gov)
  • Ideally, the management of TB among HIV-infected patients taking antiretroviral drugs requires a) directly observed therapy, b) availability of experienced and coordinated TB/HIV care givers, and in most situations, c) use of a TB treatment regimen that includes rifabutin instead of rifampin. (cdc.gov)
  • Physicians and patients also should be aware that paradoxical reactions might occur during the course of TB treatment when antiretroviral therapy restores immune function. (cdc.gov)
Detection2
  • This can lead to earlier detection and faster treatment initiation, reducing the spread of the disease. (nexusapk.com)
  • Aspergillus-specific antibody screening during and after the end of an anti-TB treatment regimen may be important for early detection of CPA in high-PTB-burden settings. (manchester.ac.uk)
Antibiotics4
  • The treatment of tuberculosis (TB) is a complex and lengthy process that typically involves a combination of antibiotics taken over an extended period. (essaybarn.com)
  • Treatment of Tuberculosis often requires prolonged administration of antibiotics. (essaybarn.com)
  • Treatment of latent TB may require just one type of antibiotic but active TB may require a whole combination of antibiotics. (essaybarn.com)
  • Treatment of TB requires a combination of multiple antibiotics and often lasts for several months. (nexusapk.com)
Affects the lungs2
  • Tuberculosis usually affects the lungs in one or a few locations. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Tuberculosis is a serious bacterial disease that mainly affects the lungs. (indiatimes.com)
India5
  • Tuberculosis in India is a major health problem, causing about 220,000 deaths every year. (wikipedia.org)
  • Local decreases in the incidence of tuberculosis in India correlate with improvements in social and economic determinants of health more than with access to quality treatment. (wikipedia.org)
  • Let us consider India, which accounts for quarter of all tuberculosis cases in the world. (opednews.com)
  • But the stark reality of tuberculosis in India is that 50% of all cases are managed in the private sector, where the quality of tuberculosis care is suboptimal with inaccurate diagnosis, non-standard drug prescriptions, and limited effort to ensure treatment adherence. (opednews.com)
  • Operation ASHA is a non-governmental organization in India that extends the RNTCP model, and uses public-sector diagnostics and drugs, to orchestrate a solution by establishing community-based treatment centers and ensuring adherence using local community providers and partners. (opednews.com)
Tuberculin4
Complications2
  • Taking medication, getting regular checkups, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help you avoid complications from tuberculosis. (everydayhealth.com)
  • CNS imaging modalities lack specificity but may aid in suggesting the diagnosis and monitoring for complications that require neurosurgical intervention (See Workup ). (medscape.com)
Recurrence2
  • It is only when patients fail to get better on standard treatment, or have recurrence of tuberculosis, that they get screened for MDR-TB, resulting in morbidity, continued transmission, and movement of patients from the public to the private sector. (opednews.com)
  • At 72 weeks post-randomization, the primary study outcome was the unfavorable status of either treatment cessation, treatment failure, tuberculosis recurrence, loss to follow-up, or death. (news-medical.net)
Sputum1
Elimination2
  • The control and ultimate elimination of this disease, therefore, still rests on prompt diagnosis and therapeutic intervention to reduce ongoing transmission. (treatmentactiongroup.org)
  • Although investigation of contacts and treatment of infected contacts is an important component of the U.S. strategy for TB elimination, second in priority to treatment of persons with TB disease, national guidelines have not been updated since 1976. (cdc.gov)
Smear-positive1
Methods6
  • Methods The study was undertaken in Cape Town, South Africa where primary health-care services provided free TB diagnosis and treatment. (sun.ac.za)
  • These models can accurately detect TB, even in cases where traditional methods might miss the diagnosis. (nexusapk.com)
  • Q: Can machine learning completely replace traditional methods of TB diagnosis? (nexusapk.com)
  • A: While machine learning can greatly enhance TB diagnosis, it is unlikely to completely replace traditional methods. (nexusapk.com)
  • Magnified 1000 X. The acid-fast stains depend on the ability of mycobacteria to retain dye when treated with mineral acid or an acid-alcohol solution such as the Ziehl-Neelsen, or the Kinyoun stains that are carbolfuchsin methods specific for M. tuberculosis. (medicalxpress.com)
  • The purpose of this manual is to help caregivers take maximum possible advantage of both the existing methods and rare innovations offering improved diagnosis and treatment. (e-booksdirectory.com)
Curable1
  • Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that's been around for thousands of years, and although it's still common and fatal in parts of the world, TB is treatable and curable. (everydayhealth.com)
20213
  • As a result, in 2021, only one in three people with drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) received treatment for the disease. (msfaccess.org)
  • From January 2017 to March 2021, the team assessed 680 individuals for eligibility, with 552 randomly allocated to the conventional treatment and BPaLM intervention groups. (news-medical.net)
  • According to the U.N. health agency, more than 10 million people worldwide were suffering from tuberculosis in 2021, which amounts to a 4.5% rise from the year before. (indiatimes.com)
Patient6
  • Once a patient is diagnosed with TB, machine learning algorithms can play a crucial role in determining the most effective treatment plan. (nexusapk.com)
  • By analyzing patient data, such as drug resistance profiles and treatment response, machine learning models can recommend personalized treatment plans. (nexusapk.com)
  • In addition, sometimes the disease can be dormant in the lungs and spread without the patient knowing they have any form of tuberculosis at all. (healthline.com)
  • Should patients with tuberculosis not be offered a complete solution that is patient-centred? (opednews.com)
  • A complete and patient-centric solution will not only include care that meets the International Standards for Tuberculosis Care, but also will be delivered with dignity and compassion, grounded in the reality of patients' lives as they navigate the long pathway from symptoms to cure. (opednews.com)
  • Are tuberculosis patients in high-burden countries currently getting such a patient-centric solution? (opednews.com)
Antituberculosis1
  • Because alternatives to the use of rifampin for antituberculosis treatment are now available, the previously recommended practice of stopping protease inhibitor therapy to allow the use of rifampin for TB treatment is no longer recommended for patients with HIV-related TB. (cdc.gov)
Outcome7
  • Private tuberculosis care provision associated with poor treatment outcome: comparative study of a semi-private lung clinic and the NTP in two urban districts in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. (cdc.gov)
  • To assess the impact of catastrophic costs on the unfavorable outcome of tuberculosis treatment. (scielo.org)
  • financial difficulties faced during the treatment of tuberculosis can impair the treatment outcome. (scielo.org)
  • The determinants for the treatment outcome were catastrophic cost and divorce. (scielo.org)
  • The primary outcome is self-reported treatment completion (taking ≥80% of doses within 12 months). (bmj.com)
  • If untreated, TBM may have a poor outcome and permanent neurological sequelae, thus requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. (medscape.com)
  • Tuberculosis in children at Mbarara University Teaching Hospital, Uganda: diagnosis and outcome of treatment. (bvsalud.org)
Control5
  • Uplekar M , Pathania V , Raviglione M . Private practitioners and public health: weak links in tuberculosis control. (cdc.gov)
  • Tuberculosis (TB) control can be particularly problematic in correctional and detention facilities, in which persons from diverse backgrounds and communities are housed in close proximity for varying periods. (cdc.gov)
  • National Guidelines for the Control of Tuberculosis in Pakistan. (ajtmh.org)
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2007) Reported HIV status of tuberculosis patients- United States, 1993-2005. (medscape.org)
  • Relaxation of traditional public health measures aimed at the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis and alterations in social demographics-particularly increased immigration from endemic areas and a burgeoning homeless shelter and prison population-also contributed to the reversal of progress in TB control during this period. (cdc.gov)
Risk Factors1
  • Questionnaires were used to collect data on demographics, symptoms, diagnoses, and potential risk factors. (who.int)