19kDa proteinGenesVectorVectorsE4orf6Oncolytic adenovirusVitroInfectionViral proteinEarly transcribed regionsInitiate apoptosisRecombinant proteinHost genomeReplication-defectiveDifferent proteinsBNIP3AdenoviralCapsidAntiapoptoticEukaryoticMitochondrialKinasePromotersProapoptotic proteinTumorMitochondriaMammalianGene expressionPromoterCellsComprisesPathwayGlycoproteinHumanFunctionalTypeInteractionsExpressionVirusesSelectivelyApoptosisCellularNucleusPathwaysAcutePotentInteractionPromotesSerumGenetic transcriptionVaccineStructural
19kDa protein1
- Adenovirus E1B protein usually refers to one of two proteins transcribed from the E1B gene of the adenovirus: a 55kDa protein and a 19kDa protein. (wikipedia.org)
Genes13
- Observations show that E1b-55k inhibits activation by p53 by binding a repression domain to it, converting it from an activator to a repressor of p53-activated genes. (wikipedia.org)
- Genes & Development. (wikipedia.org)
- E1-deleted (including E1a-deleted) adenoviruses are replication defective and are commonly used as viral vectors to carry therapeutic genes for gene therapy. (hindawi.com)
- Top panel: a simplified map of the adenovirus serotype 5 genome showing the early genes (E1-E4) and the region from which the major late transcript is produced. (genemedi.com)
- Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. (lookformedical.com)
- Genes that encode highly conserved TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS that control positional identity of cells (BODY PATTERNING) and MORPHOGENESIS throughout development. (lookformedical.com)
- The proteins encoded by homeobox genes are called HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS. (lookformedical.com)
- NAC-type plant-specific transcription factor genes encode proteins that play important roles in abiotic stress responses, as well as regulation of plant development. (metu.edu.tr)
- Since E1A and E1B jointly had a more pronounced effect, it was conceivable that genes in both regions acted together in the abrogation of the inhibitory effect of promoter methylations in the late E2A promoter. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- The adenovirus without E1/E3 can express all of the other genes in the viral backbone and hence induces immunogenic responses, while rAAV does not have any of the AAV genes, thus no immunogenicity from viral protein. (9lb.cc)
- Transduce señales de calcio al núcleo, en donde puede interactuar con el FACTOR DE TRANSCRIPCIÓN AP-1 o NF-KAPPA B, e iniciar la TRANSCRIPCIÓN GENÉTICA de GENES que intervienen en la DIFERENCIACIÓN CELULAR y en el desarrollo celulares. (bvsalud.org)
- They transduce calcium signals to the nucleus where they can interact with TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP-1 or NF-KAPPA B and initiate GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of GENES involved in CELL DIFFERENTIATION and development. (bvsalud.org)
- NFAT proteins stimulate T-CELL activation through the induction of IMMEDIATE-EARLY GENES such as INTERLEUKIN-2. (bvsalud.org)
Vector3
- YKL-1, E1B 55 kDa-deleted recombinant adenovirus vector, capable of harboring a transgene casette of up to 4.9 kb, was newly constructed by reintroducing E1A and E1B 19 kDa into E1/E3-deleted adenoviral vector with a homologous recombination in E. coll. (elsevierpure.com)
- Figure 10: Southern blot of vector DNA isolated from HEK-293 cells infected with rAAV containing genomes of sizes 4,675 nucleotides (nt), 5,302 nt and 6,019 nt in the presence of transfected adenovirus helper (XX680) and AAV2 helper (pHelper). (nature.com)
- Recombinant adenovirus (Adenovirus), a replication-defective adenoviral vector system, is widely used for gene delivery in most cell types. (9lb.cc)
Vectors6
- Schematic of the adenovirus genome and adenovirus-based vectors. (genemedi.com)
- Therefore, understanding the functions of E4orf3 is very important for developing efficient and safe adenovirus vectors. (metu.edu.tr)
- Xiao, X., Li, J. & Samulski, R.J. Production of high-titer recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors in the absence of helper adenovirus. (nature.com)
- Zhang, X. & Li, C.Y. Generation of recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors by a complete adenovirus-mediated approach. (nature.com)
- The adenoviral vectors provided by Genemedi are based on human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5), which is replication-incompetent (-E1/-E3) and can't be integrated into host genome, guaranteeing the security for subsequent operations. (9lb.cc)
- Transduction results of various Adenovirus vectors. (9lb.cc)
E4orf67
- E1B-55k also forms a complex with E4orf6, a viral protein. (wikipedia.org)
- The E1B-55k/E4orf6 complex in infected cells assembles with other cellular proteins to form a ubiquitin ligase complex. (wikipedia.org)
- Essentially, the E1B-55k/E4orf6 complex takes over the cellular ubiquitin ligase complexes and gives them viral substrate-recognition subunits. (wikipedia.org)
- The MRN complex, if not bound by the E1B-55K/E4orf6 ubiquitin ligase, will treat the ends of the viral DNA like a double-stranded DNA break and the viral DNA becomes ligated into long concatemers of randomly assorted genomes. (wikipedia.org)
- Subsequently, the interaction of E4orf3 with four different proteins, DNA-PK, Aup1, E1B-55 kDa and E4orf6 was analyzed in detail by GST-pulldown technique. (metu.edu.tr)
- In these experiments, E4orf3 was shown to associate with Aup1, E1B-55 kDa and E4orf6 in vitro, and the C-terminal of E4orf3 was determined to be responsible for these interactions. (metu.edu.tr)
- Chastain-Moore AM, Roberts T, Trott DA, Newbold RF, Ornelles DA , An activity associated with human chromosome 21 permits nuclear colocalization of the adenovirus E1B-55K and E4orf6 proteins and promotes viral late gene expression. (coriell.org)
Oncolytic adenovirus1
- The best PSP was selected to construct a prostate-specific oncolytic adenovirus (CRAD) by controlling the adenoviral E1 region. (hindawi.com)
Vitro2
- Shen, Y.H., Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-Modified E1A/E1B Double Mutant Adenovirus Enhances Antitumor Activity in Prostate Cancer Cells In Vitro and in Mice. (riken.jp)
- Adenovirus packaging by Genemedi shows almost 100% gene delivery in most cell types in the recombinant protein expression system both in vivo and in vitro. (9lb.cc)
Infection7
- Next to viral infection, also bacterial infections can be involved in the development of acute exacerbations. (biomedcentral.com)
- Additionally, deletion from the RK3616 gene inside the HSV-1 virus inhibited the downstream phosphatase, PKR (dsRNA induced protein kinase), producing normal cells resistant to infection whilst leaving tumorigenic cells vulnerable as a consequence of disturbance of cellular antiviral pathways [257]. (estrogen-receptor.com)
- For most serotypes, adenovirus infection is mediated by the high-affinity binding of the fiber-knob region to a receptor of target cell, named as the coxsackie-Ad receptor (CAR), which mainly determines the viral tropism [44]. (genemedi.com)
- Infection process of adenovirus. (genemedi.com)
- The development of a vaccine against human cytomegalovirus infection (HCMV) is a high-priority medical goal. (asm.org)
- Using a subviral particle vaccine candidate, we show here that one protein complex of HCMV, termed the pentameric complex (PC), enhances the neutralizing antibody response against viral infection of different cell types. (asm.org)
- Recombinant protein expression of interest is detectable from 24 hours post infection. (9lb.cc)
Viral protein1
- Presence of viral protein at both 37 h and 7 days was confirmed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies directed against hexon, penton, and fiber proteins. (elsevierpure.com)
Early transcribed regions1
Initiate apoptosis1
Recombinant protein1
- Moreover, the long-term systemic delivery of a recombinant protein is an expensive, painful experience for patients and is cumbersome for medical staff. (biomedcentral.com)
Host genome1
- Without integration into host genome, adenovirus genome remains in an episomal state, which guarantees the low risk of mutation (Fig. 8). (genemedi.com)
Replication-defective1
- The idea behind this study is to place the Ad5 E1 region in cis complementation (i.e., use E1 as a transgene) back into an E1-deleted, replication-defective adenovirus under the control of a prostate-specific promoter (PSP). (hindawi.com)
Different proteins1
- Cells express a pool of thousands of different proteins that need to be tightly controlled for proper cellular structure, organization, and function. (hindawi.com)
BNIP33
- BNIP3 and NIX are related multi-functional outer mitochondrial membrane proteins. (1library.net)
- BNIP3 regulates mitophagy during hypoxia, whereas NIX is required for mitophagy during development of the erythroid lineage. (1library.net)
- Here, after a general discussion of mitophagy, we will review and discuss two related outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) proteins, BNIP3 and BNIP3L (NIX). (1library.net)
Adenoviral2
- The adenovirus early region 1 (E1) gene, which comprises E1a and E1b, encodes the viral early proteins that are necessary for adenoviral replication and the consequent oncolysis of permissive host cells. (hindawi.com)
- Genemedi has launched a comprehensive adenovirus production service, including a variety of different adenoviral expression systems used for gene over-expression and shRNA mediated gene down-regulation, which may also allow researchers to produce adenoviruses by themselves as they need. (9lb.cc)
Capsid3
- Structural and bioinformatics studies have shown that E1B-55k, which is specific to mammalian mastadenoviruses, has evolved by exaptation from an LH3-like minor capsid protein encoded by atadenoviruses. (wikipedia.org)
- Hexon and penton structures form the capsid of AdV, and fiber protein mediates the binding of the virion to the cell surface and is a major determinant of viral tropism. (genemedi.com)
- Then the endosome acidifies, resulting in disassociation of capsid proteins and transportation of viral DNA into nucleus. (genemedi.com)
Antiapoptotic1
- E1B-19k mimics MCL1, which is a cellular antiapoptotic protein. (wikipedia.org)
Eukaryotic1
- Protein phosphorylation is a key regulatory mechanism in eukaryotic cells. (chemcarbindia.com)
Mitochondrial2
- Together, BAK and BAX form pores in the mitochondrial membrane, releasing apoptogenic proteins like cytochrome c. (wikipedia.org)
- Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), named for its involvement in cell death pathways, is a mitochondrial protein that regulates metabolic homeostasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Kinase2
- Simultaneous hyperactivation of stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (SAPK/JNK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) signaling cascades has been reported in carcinogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
- These paclitaxel resistant ovarian cells demonstrate: (1) Increased IC 50 for paclitaxel and docetaxel (10 to 75-fold) and cross-resistance to anthracyclines (2) Reduced cell apoptosis in the presence of paclitaxel (3) Gene depletion involving mitotic regulators BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase, cyclin BI (CCNB1), centromere protein E (CENPE), and centromere protein F (CENPF), and (4) Functional data validating gene depletion among mitotic regulators. (biomedcentral.com)
Promoters3
- Selective promoters is often identified by identifying overexpressed proteins. (estrogen-receptor.com)
- A number of PSPs have been defined over the years that include, but not limited to, promoters of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), probasin (PB), mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV LTR), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2), and prostatic steroid-binding protein C3. (hindawi.com)
- E1A is critical to start viral replication by promoting transcription from rep gene promoters, P5 and P19, and facilitate viral replication by activating the early adenovirus promoters. (9lb.cc)
Proapoptotic protein1
- BAK activation induces apoptosis by cooligomerizing with another proapoptotic protein, BAX. (wikipedia.org)
Tumor5
- E1B proteins work to prevent apoptosis that is induced by the small adenovirus E1A protein, which stabilizes p53, a tumor suppressor. (wikipedia.org)
- You will find particular proteins with indicated tumor-type specificity: prostate certain antigen in prostate tumors, tyrosinase for melanomas, estrogen receptor protein and foetoprotein for hepatocarcinomas [258]. (estrogen-receptor.com)
- Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), epithelial development aspect receptor, and survivin are normally active and overexpressed proteins within a variety of tumor types [259]. (estrogen-receptor.com)
- The microvessel density and Ad replication in tumor tissue were evaluated by checking the expression of CD34 and hexon proteins, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
- Fukuda K., E1A, E1B double-restricted replicative adenovirus at low dose greatly augments tumor-specific suicide gene therapy for gallbladder cancer. (riken.jp)
Mitochondria3
- This and other proteins released from the mitochondria lead to activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and the resulting apoptotic program. (wikipedia.org)
- Through our study of these proteins, we hope to gain a better apprecia-tion of the relaapprecia-tionship between mitochondria and cells. (1library.net)
- The mitochondria have their own chaperones and proteolytic enzymes that remove damaged or unfolded proteins [ 18 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
Mammalian1
- Kanegae, Y., Efficient gene activation in mammalian cells by using recombinant adenovirus expressing site-specific Cre recombinase. (riken.jp)
Gene expression2
- Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL). (lookformedical.com)
- Protein level and Gene expression were tested by Western blotting analysis and by the Applied Biosystems® Tagman® Array Plates, respectively. (longdom.org)
Promoter4
- A recombinant adenovirus expressing beta-galactosidase (lacZ) under control of CAG promoter. (riken.jp)
- The inactivating effect of sequence-specific promoter methylations was extensively studied by using the late E2A promoter of adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) DNA. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- It was demonstrated in transient expression experiments that the 5' CCGG 3'-methylated late E2A promoter was at least partly reactivated in cell lines constitutively expressing the E1 region of Ad2 or of adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) DNA. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- These findings implicated the E1A 289 amino acid residue protein of Ad2, a well-known transactivator, as the reactivating function of the endogenous, previously dormant, late E2A promoter-CAT gene assembly. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Cells10
- These two proteins are needed to block apoptosis in adenovirus-infected cells. (wikipedia.org)
- In infected cells, the expression of E1A results in the degradation of MCL-1, which normally binds the propaptotic protein, BAK. (wikipedia.org)
- However, in adenovirus-infected cells, activated BAK and BAX are sequestered by E1B-19k, preventing the pathway. (wikipedia.org)
- Bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells and primary bronchial epithelial cells) were exposed to heat-inactivated Haemophilus influenzae , Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Streptococcus pneumoniae and subsequently infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), type 2 human adenovirus or influenza B. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, viral replication and expression of pattern recognition receptors were determined in culture supernatants and/or cell lysates. (biomedcentral.com)
- In addition to supporting the survival of healthy cells, AIF also plays a contributory role to the development of cancer through its enzymatic activity, and we have previously shown that AIF preferentially supports advanced-stage prostate cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Immunoblot analysis was used to determine relative protein quantities within cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Fascin is an actin-binding protein and highly expressed in ovarian cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Adenovirus has the ability to infect dividing, quiescent cells, stem cells, and primary cells, allowing genetic materials to be delivered to a highly diverse range of cell types and tissues. (9lb.cc)
- Selected results of Adenovirus transduction in the adult rat cardiac cells (A), eyes (B), neuron cells (C). (9lb.cc)
- In this review, we report on recent developments in preclinical and clinical studies on CAR-T cells in autoimmune diseases and provide an outlook on opportunities and challenges of CAR-T application in such diseases. (zoores.ac.cn)
Comprises1
- However, some of its proteins possess oncogenic potential and their presence comprises safety risks. (metu.edu.tr)
Pathway3
- The Wnt pathway contains quite a few other proteins typically implicated in many types of tumors, particularly inside the stomach and intestines. (estrogen-receptor.com)
- Adenoviruses have already been modified to particularly target this pathway, even though with mixed success [259,260]. (estrogen-receptor.com)
- Among the most potent antagonists is non-structural protein 5 (NS5), which has been shown for all disease-causing flaviviruses to target different steps and players of the type I IFN signaling pathway. (shengsci.com)
Glycoprotein1
- The viral pentameric protein complex consisting of glycoprotein H (gH)/gL/UL128-131A (PC) is considered to be an important vaccine component. (asm.org)
Human4
- Rak, M. A., J. Buehler, S. Zeltzer, J. Reitsma, B. Molina, S. Terhune, and F. Goodrum, 'Human Cytomegalovirus UL135 Interacts with Host Adaptor Proteins To Regulate Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Reactivation from Latency. (arizona.edu)
- Lee, S. Hee, K. Caviness, E. R. Albright, J-H. Lee, C. B. Gelbmann, M. Rak, F. Goodrum, and R. F. Kalejta, 'Long and Short Isoforms of the Human Cytomegalovirus UL138 Protein Silence IE Transcription and Promote Latency. (arizona.edu)
- Adenovirus (AdV) is a member of the family Adenoviridae, whose name derives from their initial isolation from human adenoids in 1953 [42]. (genemedi.com)
- Gene therapy using a recombinant adenovirus (Ad) encoding secretory human endostatin (Ad-Endo) has been demonstrated to be a promising antiangiogenesis and antitumor strategy of in animal models and clinical trials. (biomedcentral.com)
Functional1
- In this study, structural and functional aspects of adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) E4orf3 protein were analyzed by biophysical and biochemical methods. (metu.edu.tr)
Type2
- To prevent infected cell lysis, recombinant replication deficiency virus has been developed as a gene delivery tool to replace wild-type adenovirus (recombinant AdV in "application" part). (genemedi.com)
- A composite interval mapping procedure was used to demonstrate that one major effect locus accounts for three-quarters of the variance for haltere to wing margin transformation in Ultrabithorax flies, yet has no obvious effect on wild-type development. (lookformedical.com)
Interactions1
- The PCM is an ordered lattice that anchors a large number of microtubule (MT)-associated proteins, many of which bear putative coiled-coil domains, a tertiary structure known to facilitate protein-protein interactions [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression5
- By analyzing breast invasive carcinoma database (The Cancer Genome Altas), we found that the mRNA expression levels of both JNK1 and ERK2 are positively correlated with the mRNA level of EEA1, an endosome associated protein, indicating the potential JNK/ERK crosstalk at endosome. (bvsalud.org)
- Thus, E1 protein expression will be confined strictly to the prostate tissues and render this a conditional oncolytic virus (CRAD) within the prostate. (hindawi.com)
- Therefore, this study focused on the optimization of expression of E4orf3 protein. (metu.edu.tr)
- 2083. MDM2/p53 Protein Expression in the Development of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. (ssat.com)
- Reverse Phase Protein Array Profiling Identifies Recurrent Protein Expression Patterns of DNA Damage-Related Proteins across Acute and Chronic Leukemia: Samples from Adults and the Children's Oncology Group. (viictr.org)
Viruses1
- To overcome this obstacle, conditional oncolytic viruses (such as conditional replication adenovirus (CRAD)) are developed to specifically target prostate without (or with minimal) systemic toxicity due to viral self-replication. (hindawi.com)
Selectively1
- PB, a rat prostate protein, is also expressed selectively in prostate [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Apoptosis3
- E1B-19k blocks a p53-independent apoptosis mechanism. (wikipedia.org)
- E1B-55k blocks p53 from inhibiting cell cycling and stops it from inducing apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
- Apoptosis regulatory proteins are delicately balanced. (bmj.com)
Cellular3
- Without E1B-19k, degradation of both cellular and viral DNA occurs, in addition to premature host cell death during the lytic cycle, thus limiting viral replication. (wikipedia.org)
- Although much has been learnt about their individual functions in both cell and animal models, the physiological and pathophysiological consequences of their signaling crosstalk in multi-cellular context in vivo remain largely unknown, especially in liver development and liver tumorigenesis. (bvsalud.org)
- Furthermore, mitophagy is an aspect of cellular remodeling, which is employed during development. (1library.net)
Nucleus2
- Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. (lookformedical.com)
- Do not confuse with NUCLEOPROTEINS which are proteins conjugated with nucleic acids, that are not necessarily present in the nucleus. (lookformedical.com)
Pathways3
- RAS and Rho small GTPases are key molecular switches that control cell dynamics, cell growth and tissue development through their distinct signaling pathways. (bvsalud.org)
- One such study demonstrated that an E1B-19kDa gene deletion mutant enhanced cancer specificity by means of TNF pathways, substantially enhancing viral spread and antitumoral capacity whilst simultaneously sustaining selectivity [259]. (estrogen-receptor.com)
- The proteostasis network (PN) is an assembly of distinct dynamic molecular pathways that control the functionality of the proteome (proteome homeodynamics) during protein synthesis, folding, trafficking, and degradation. (hindawi.com)
Acute1
- DNA Damage Response-Related Proteins Are Prognostic for Outcome in Both Adult and Pediatric Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Patients: Samples from Adults and from Children Enrolled in a Children's Oncology Group Study. (viictr.org)
Potent1
- Recombinant vaccinia virus and adenovirus have been developed as potent vaccine vehicles for treating cancer and infectious diseases. (dukecancerinstitute.org)
Interaction1
- CAR receptor-fiber-knob adenovirus interaction and internalization process [46]. (genemedi.com)
Promotes1
- Furthermore, we identify that BPGAP1 (a BCH domain-containing, Cdc42GAP-like Rho GTPase-activating protein) promotes MEK partner 1 (MP1)-induced ERK activation on late endosome through scaffolding MP1/MEK1 complex. (bvsalud.org)
Serum1
- The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases. (lookformedical.com)
Genetic transcription1
- Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process. (lookformedical.com)
Vaccine2
Structural1
- Finally, basic structural information about E4orf3 protein was also obtained for the first time by the direct analysis of the fusion protein in glutathione beads with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. (metu.edu.tr)