Developing tumor specific tumor antigen to antigen antigen of tumor. Medical search. Frequent questions

In a significant step forward in cancer research, a groundbreaking "cancer-killing pill" has demonstrated its potential to "annihilate" solid tumors while leaving healthy cells unaffected. (ubergizmo.com)
If proven successful, AOH1996 may become a game-changer in the fight against solid tumors and usher in a wave of innovative treatments that provide better outcomes for cancer patients. (ubergizmo.com)
It's been difficult to identify cancer stem cells in solid tumors," Andreeff said. (weeksmd.com)
About 85 percent of all solid tumors start in the lining of an organ, called the epithelium. (weeksmd.com)
According to its filing, TCR 2 intends to use its IPO proceeds in part toward funding the development of its lead solid tumor candidate TC-210-designed to target mesothelin-positive solid tumors-through the completion of its planned Phase I/II trial in patients with mesothelin-positive non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma, and cholangiocarcinoma. (genengnews.com)
The company notes that MUC16 is highly expressed in other solid tumors, including pancreatic, gastric, and colorectal cancer. (genengnews.com)
Harpoon has developed Tri -specific T Cell- A ctivating C onstructs or TriTACs, a novel class of T-cell therapeutics designed to achieve superior efficacy in penetrating solid tumors as an "off-the-shelf" T-cell therapy requiring less complex manufacturing than personalized or cell-based therapies. (genengnews.com)
Cytovia is the first company to combine its own iPSC-derived natural killer (iNK) cells and multispecific, NK cell-engaging antibodies and is building a pipeline that encompasses both hematological malignancies and solid tumors. (biospace.com)
Heterogeneous antigen expression is a key barrier influencing the activity of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in solid tumors. (nature.com)
To improve the response rate in B cell malignancies and translate the success of CAR T cells to solid tumors, the optimization of this class of therapeutics is required. (nature.com)
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are revolutionizing care for patients with certain advanced solid tumors. (medscape.com)

While inflammatory injury drives both fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis, the tolerogenic microenvironment of the liver conveys immunosuppressive effects that encourage tumor growth. (mdpi.com)
While GB tumors are frequently infiltrated by natural killer (NK) cells, these are actively suppressed by the GB cells and the GB tumor microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we discuss effects of the GB tumor microenvironment on NK-cell functionality, summarize early treatment attempts with ex vivo activated NK cells, and describe relevant CAR target antigens validated with CAR-T cells. (frontiersin.org)
Nevertheless, the composition of the immunologic tumor microenvironment undergoes changes upon radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or even after anti-angiogenic therapy ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
While many successful immunotherapeutic regimens have relied on checkpoint inhibition, other immunotherapeutic approaches, such as adoptive cellular therapies (ACT), the use of bispecific antibodies, and targeting components of the tumor microenvironment, are showing promise in a variety of cancer types. (aacr.org)
Serious, potentially fatal, side effects of ADCs can also occur when the manufactured molecules release their toxic payload too soon, or when the toxin diffuses not only in the tumor microenvironment but also in tissues outside the targeted region, causing what's called a bystander effect . (medscape.com)
Ongoing studies have identified novel, and potentially targetable immune cell entities in the tumor microenvironment, suggesting myeloid cell (TAN and TAM) metabolic polarization into a pro-malignant state. (lu.se)

Dr. Brem and his colleagues have designed and led many multi-institutional clinical trials to improve and expand the range of therapeutic options for patients with brain tumors . (hopkinsmedicine.org)
In contrast to other cancers such as adenocarcinomas of the lung or melanoma, primary brain tumors like GB and low grade gliomas (LGG) are known as rather immunologically "cold" tumors, typically with low numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) ( 4 ), and the mere amount of TILs is not associated with patient survival ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Scientists from the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and the University Medical Center Mannheim (UMM) successfully tested a new form of cellular immunotherapy against brain tumors in mice for the first time. (dkfz.de)
Glioblastomas are the most aggressive of all brain tumors. (dkfz.de)
Our studies are focused on but not limited to primary brain tumors, which integrates well with the PI's clinical proficiency as a consultant Neuro-oncologist. (lu.se)
Our recent studies have provided novel insights into the central role of lipoproteins and extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cancer, and the utility of EVs in non-invasive diagnosis of brain tumors (e.g. (lu.se)

The SQZ AAC platform is designed to induce antigen presentation in vivo by deriving antigen carriers from engineering red blood cells (RBCs) with tumor specific antigens and adjuvants. (stockhouse.com)
Its SQZ TAC platform is designed to induce antigen-specific immune tolerance in vivo by utilizing a similar approach to the AAC platform. (stockhouse.com)
Monoclonals that we were able to develop from tumor specific proteins derived from colon and pancreas cancer were found capable of targeting those tumors to induce apoptosis. (jcancer.org)
1 2 p50-IMC develop into tumor macrophages and dendritic cells and induce increased total and activated tumor T cells. (bmj.com)
Tumor-specific neoantigens, which are expressed on tumor cells, can induce an effective antitumor cytotoxic T-cell response and mediate tumor regression. (wjgnet.com)
Indeed, the use of peptides for eliciting specific antitumor adaptive immunity is hindered by two main limitations: the efficient selection of the most optimal candidate peptides and the use of a highly immunogenic platform to combine with the peptides to induce effective tumor-specific adaptive immune responses. (elifesciences.org)
Animal models for human tumour mental animals is not easy to answer does induce adult T-cell leukaemia/ viruses that make use of animal virus- for these agents, because cancer bi- lymphoma (ATLL), albeit in monkeys es are scarce. (who.int)

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies are on the verge of becoming powerful immunotherapeutic tools for combating hematological diseases confronted with pressing medical needs. (nature.com)
TCR 2 aims to develop T-cell therapies for cancer based on its TRuC™ (TCR Fusion Construct) T cells, designed to harness the natural T-cell receptor complex to recognize and kill cancer cells using the full power of T-cell signaling pathways independent of human leukocyte antigen (HLA). (genengnews.com)
Present cellular therapies include chimeric antigen receptor T cells - genetically modified to attack a specific target and used to treat B cell blood cancers - and tumor-infiltrating leukocytes harvested from tumors used to treat melanoma. (newswise.com)
Several types of ACT round out the immunotherapy arsenal, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, T-cell receptor (TCR) therapy, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy. (aacr.org)
We now evaluate whether we can enhance wild-type (WT) or p50-IMC tumor localization and/or the phagocytosis of PSMA+ prostate cancer cells by expressing a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) on IMC, or by combining IMC with PSMA antibody (Ab), which binds to the surface of myeloid cells via their Fc receptors. (bmj.com)
Lukas Bunse, a scientist at the German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) and a physician at the University Medical Center Mannheim, relies on the comparatively new concept of "T cell receptor transgenic cells" in his current study: To this end, brain tumor patients were first inoculated with an antigenic fragment of the protein NLGN4X (Neuroligin4X). (dkfz.de)
Bunse's team then isolated from the blood of the vaccinated individuals those T cells that had been activated by NLGN4X and consequently carried a T cell receptor that specifically "recognizes" this glioblastoma-associated antigen. (dkfz.de)
However, since only a few NLGN4X-specific T cells can be obtained in this way, which are not sufficient for cell therapy, the scientists resorted to a trick: they isolated the gene coding for the NLGN4X-specific T cell receptor. (dkfz.de)
According to the scientist, it is also conceivable to generate T cell receptor transgenic cell therapies against patient-individual cancer antigens. (dkfz.de)
Much more advanced in clinical development than T-cell receptor transgenic cells are cellular therapies using so-called CAR-T (chimeric antigen receptor) cells, which have already been approved for the treatment of various leukemias and lymphomas. (dkfz.de)
It is the first anti-glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) drug candidate to enter human clinical trials. (biopharminternational.com)
TRX518 is a targeted T cell immunomodulator that activates GITR (glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor) found on multiple types of T cells and other immune cells. (biopharminternational.com)

They are typically produced by tumor cells, but in some cases they may be produced by the body in response to malignancy or to certain benign conditions. (medscape.com)
The presence of the antigen on tumor cells has been associated with worse prognosis. (wikipedia.org)
The alterations we find are then studied in-depth to determine how they contribute to the development of cancer, whether it is promoting tumor growth, enhancing the ability for the cancer to invade into normal tissue, or preventing the various fail-safe mechanisms programmed into our cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
One way to achieve this is to genetically modify immune cells, mainly T cells and recently also natural killer (NK) cells, to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). (nature.com)
CAR-expression on T or NK cells allows them to specifically target cancer cells via recognition of tumor associated antigens. (nature.com)
The addition of separate adapter molecules (AMs) specific for tumor antigens and CAR-immune cells targeting these AMs allows a more precise and temporally limited therapy. (nature.com)
A vaccination as tumor therapy - with a vaccine individually created from a patient's tissue sample that " attaches" the body's own immune system to cancer cells: the basis for this long-term vision has now been achieved by a team of researchers from the MPI for Polymer Research and the University Medical Center Mainz, in particular from the Departments of Immunology and Dermatology. (mpg.de)
The main reason, however, is that if Vaccines against cancer are to become the norm one day, various effective strategies must be explored to provide specific immune cells with essential key information. (mpg.de)
the T cells activated by the vaccine only kill tumor cells that carry the antigen on their surface or even inside. (mpg.de)
In this study, we found that cross-presentation of tumor antigen by tumor endothelial cells(tECs) promotes infiltration of tumor specific CTLs in tumors. (nii.ac.jp)
Prostate cancer occurs when the cells in the prostate grow abnormally and form a tumor. (cowurine.com)
To prevent tumor formation, Withaferin A is successful in destroying the cells that are the ashwagandha-positioned compound. (cowurine.com)
Piperlongumine (PL) inhibits the development of the tumor enzyme to the bulk of prostate cancer cells and helps to prevent its growth. (cowurine.com)
Most powerful cytotoxicity aspect that can cause immediate cytotoxicity (cellular-dying) in tumor cells is referred to as Gallic acid which is an excessive polyphenol positioned in Baheda. (cowurine.com)
Breast cancer stem cells wear a cell surface protein that is part nametag and part bull's eye, identifying them as potent tumor-generating cells and flagging their vulnerability to a drug, researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center report online in Journal of Clinical Investigation . (weeksmd.com)
Research in several types of cancer has shown cancer stem cells are a small subpopulation of cancer cells that are capable of long-term self-renewal and generation of new tumors. (weeksmd.com)
Andreeff has shown these mobile mesenchymal stem cells home to wounds, including tumors, making them potential carriers of cancer therapy. (weeksmd.com)
Form twice as many mammospheres, a clumping of cells considered an indicator of tumor-forming capacity, as compared to GD2-negative cells. (weeksmd.com)
Form five times as many tumors when 10 cells of each type are transplanted into mice. (weeksmd.com)
An analysis of 12 human breast cancer tumors found an even higher correlation of 95.5 percent between GD2+ cells and CD44 high/CD24 low status. (weeksmd.com)
Nanoparticle, used as a drug/gene delivery vehicle, can not only target specific cells and tissues, but also retain the biological activity of the drug/gene during transport. (hindawi.com)
The company has cited preclinical studies in which TC-210 has shown better anti-tumor activity and persistence of TRuC-T cells compared to CAR-T cells while also exhibiting lower levels of cytokine release. (genengnews.com)
Pheochromocytomas are adrenal tumors created from the cells that produce epinephrine. (massgeneral.org)
Cytovia's GPC3-directed NK-engager in combination with iPSC-derived NK cells demonstrated impressive anti-tumor activity in mice that merits clinical development," added Dr. Michael Friedman , a member of Cytovia's Board of Directors. (biospace.com)
The combination of the FLEX-NK TM and iNK platforms demonstrated greater in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity in HCC models than iNK cells alone, with a favorable in vitro cytokine release and immune cell subset safety profile. (biospace.com)
NK cells contribute to cancer immune surveillance not only by their direct natural cytotoxicity which is triggered rapidly upon stimulation through germline-encoded cell surface receptors, but also by modulating T-cell mediated antitumor immune responses through maintaining the quality of dendritic cells and enhancing the presentation of tumor antigens. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, similar to T cells, specific recognition and elimination of cancer cells by NK cells can be markedly enhanced through expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which provides an opportunity to generate NK-cell therapeutics of defined specificity for cancer immunotherapy. (frontiersin.org)
We then outline preclinical approaches that employ CAR-NK cells for GB immunotherapy, and give an overview on the ongoing clinical development of ErbB2 (HER2)-specific CAR-NK cells currently applied in a phase I clinical trial in glioblastoma patients. (frontiersin.org)
Yee and colleagues are developing another technique, endogenous T cells, which identifies and harvests tumor-attacking T cells in the blood. (newswise.com)
Cellular therapies produce mainly effector CD8-positive T cells that are fully differentiated to attack cells bearing specific antigens. (newswise.com)
Here, we develop CAR T cells targeting glypican-1 (GPC1), an oncofetal antigen expressed in pancreatic cancer. (nature.com)
Furthermore, single-cell-based proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of D4-IgG4H-CD28TM CAR T cells reveals specific genes (e.g. (nature.com)
This study demonstrates the potential of V H H-based CAR T for pancreatic cancer therapy and provides an engineering strategy for developing potent CAR T cells targeting membrane-distal epitopes. (nature.com)
Furthermore, by investigating the impact of hinge (CD8 and IgG4) and TM (CD8 and CD28) on D4 CAR T cells, we discover that IgG4H-CD28TM mediated D4 CAR dimerization, leading to enhanced T-cell signaling and tumor regression in pancreatic cancer models with low antigen density. (nature.com)
The cytotoxic T cell-cognate antigen interaction forms the mechanistic basis for immune-mediated recognition and the killing of malignant cells. (aacrjournals.org)
This approach can expand the repertoire of neoantigen-specific T cells, providing a strong rationale for the further development of this approach, alone and in combination with checkpoint therapies. (aacrjournals.org)
BioDrone® is an innovative technology that relies on human-sourced CDVs, nanosized vesicles obtained from various cells by using a proprietary extrusion method to achieve target-specific drug delivery. (biospace.com)
The drug candidate is a bi-specific T cell engager (TCE) which acts by targeting cells expressing prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and T cells. (globaldata.com)
They are designed to recognize and bind to specific targets, or antigens, on cancer cells in order to manipulate certain signaling pathways or recruit immune cells to the tumor. (news-medical.net)
The laboratory of Samir Hanash, M.D., Ph.D., professor of Clinical Cancer Prevention at MD Anderson, has conducted an extensive characterization of the cancer surfaceome, resulting in a comprehensive catalogue of proteins found specifically on the surface of cancer cells across tumor types. (news-medical.net)
Kevin McBride, Ph.D., associate professor of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis at MD Anderson, has pioneered a high-throughput platform to clone and produce mAbs from isolated B cells, enabling the development of highly specific antibodies against a particular cell surface target to create novel therapeutic mAbs. (news-medical.net)
These strategies rely on the isolation of T cells, which are either genetically modified to target tumor-specific antigens or are expanded from an endogenous population that recognizes tumor neoantigens. (aacr.org)
Unlike CAR T-cell therapy or TCR therapy, which modifies T cells taken from the blood, TIL therapy utilizes T cells that have infiltrated the tumor stroma, which requires a tumor biopsy. (aacr.org)
Tumor-specific T cells are identified, expanded, and infused into the lymphodepleted patient, where they can help mediate tumor regression. (aacr.org)
To improve this therapeutic strategy, Rosenberg and colleagues developed a method to identify the exact antigens that the T cells could recognize. (aacr.org)
A 2019 SAA grantee, Dr. Smith's past research project used a laboratory test called MANAFEST, for Mutation Associated NeoAntigen Functional Expansion of Specific T cells , which she designed, to identify cancer-specific proteins that can be recognized by immune cells called T cells. (swimacrossamerica.org)
Tumors were analyzed for CFSE+CD11b+ cells ~ 20 hours later. (bmj.com)
Now, Accentia Biopharmaceuticals and Biovest International have developed a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) vaccine that teaches the body's immune system to identify and destroy tumor cells while leaving healthy tissue intact. (singularityhub.com)
BiovaxID is being developed and tested for follicular lymphoma , an indolent but ultimately fatal subtype of the disease that affects B-cells in the blood. (singularityhub.com)
What results is a patient-specific vaccine, which teaches the body's own immune system how to separate the good cells from the bad. (singularityhub.com)
The Company is engaged in developing a novel class of injectable biologics designed to selectively engage and modulate tumor-specific T cells within the body to treat a broad range of cancers, chronic infectious diseases, and autoimmune diseases. (tdameritrade.com)
The Company's lead product candidate from the CUE-100 series, CUE-101, is a fusion protein biologic designed to target and activate antigen-specific T cells to fight HPV-driven cancers. (tdameritrade.com)
In this way, they succeeded in producing large numbers of T cells with identical specificity, all of which recognize the cancer antigen NLGN4X. (dkfz.de)
Bunse's team then demonstrated that the NLGN4X-specific T cells are able to kill brain tumor cells in the culture dish. (dkfz.de)
Brain tumor-bearing mice treated with transgenic NLGN4X-specific human T cells had a greater than 40 percent response to treatment. (dkfz.de)
Unfortunately, scientists have yet to be able to locate specific features of malignant and immune cells that would make them uniquely targetable (barring some recent examples, such as the Philadelphia chromosome as targeted by imatinib). (justia.com)
Success of conventional chemotherapeutic regiment is based on the principle that tumors with high growth fractions (such as acute myelogenous leukemia and the lymphomas, including Hodgkin's disease) are more sensitive to chemotherapy because a larger proportion of the targeted cells are undergoing cell division at any given time. (justia.com)
In doing this, scientists also have the opportunity to intervene while cells are developing in order to change the progression of their development and ultimately the disease. (stanford.edu)
Activated GITR plays a role in directing the antitumor immune response by activating tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells, and abrogating the suppression induced by inappropriately activated T regulatory cells. (biopharminternational.com)
The first indication of cancer progression is increasing blood levels of PSA (prostate specific antigen) which is secreted by prostate cells. (wtnnews.com)
Company A is developing a naturally occurring biological product that enters cells and kills them by preventing gene expression. (wtnnews.com)
It is believed that a specific "side-activity" of androgen stimulation is responsible for turning normal prostate cells into cancer cells. (wtnnews.com)
Here, we describe for the first time a streamlined pipeline for the generation of personalized cancer vaccines starting from the isolation and selection of the most immunogenic peptide candidates expressed on the tumor cells and ending in the generation of efficient therapeutic oncolytic cancer vaccines. (elifesciences.org)
The latter is a tool previously developed by Jacopo, 2020, able to identify tumor antigens similar to pathogen antigens in order to exploit molecular mimicry and tumor pathogen cross-reactive T cells in cancer vaccine development. (elifesciences.org)
These toxicities occur when the antibody engages nonmalignant cells that express the specific ADC target and cause the payload to accumulate at these sites. (medscape.com)
In these studies, we ask provocative questions about, and challenge the current perception of how tumor cells receive and transfer complex biological information. (lu.se)
However, the identification of internalizing surface antigens for specific drug targeting of tumor cells remains a challenge of high clinical relevance. (lu.se)
In this disorder, certain cells in the prostate become abnormal, multiply without control or order, and form a tumor. (medlineplus.gov)
Less commonly, genetic changes present in essentially all of the body's cells increase the risk of developing prostate cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
For this reason, the BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins are considered to be tumor suppressors, which means that they help keep cells from growing and dividing too fast or in an uncontrolled way. (medlineplus.gov)
Therefore, early in the formation of oral lichen planus lesions, CD8 + T cells may recognize an antigen associated with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I on keratinocytes. (medscape.com)
After antigen recognition and activation, CD8 + cytotoxic T cells may trigger keratinocyte apoptosis. (medscape.com)
Activated CD8 + T cells (and possibly keratinocytes) may release cytokines that attract additional lymphocytes into the developing lesion. (medscape.com)

Interleukin 2 (IL2) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) are pro-inflammatory cytokines with anti-tumor activity. (tmcnet.com)

In the case of the Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha gene ( TNF-α ) a number of studies have been performed, but no clear result has emerged. (cdc.gov)
Oral lichen planus lesions contain increased levels of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. (medscape.com)

Developed over the course of two decades, the drug, known as AOH1996 , targets a specific cancerous variant of a protein called proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). (ubergizmo.com)
BEIJING--( BUSINESS WIRE )--Biocytogen Pharmaceuticals (Beijing) Co., Ltd. ("Biocytogen", HKEX: 02315) today announced the launch of the "Nano 100 Project", which aims to develop fully human nanobody drugs for over 100 targets. (businesswire.com)
The Project aims to develop fully human therapeutic nanobodies against over 100 targets, including tumor associated antigens (TAAs), GPCRs, immune-checkpoints, cytokines, and factors related to neurological diseases. (businesswire.com)
We believe that with the ability to rapidly develop fully human nanobodies against selected targets, the 'Nano 100 Project' will provide our global partners with more diverse and better nanobody building blocks to accelerate the development of novel drugs," said Dr. Yuelei Shen, President and CEO of Biocytogen. (businesswire.com)
Biocytogen is undertaking a large-scale project to develop first-in-class and/or best-in-class antibody drugs for more than 1000 targets, known as Project Integrum . (businesswire.com)
The FLEX-NK TM tetravalent, multifunctional antibody CYT-303 directed against NKp46 and GPC3 demonstrated in vitro and in vivo activity against HCC tumor targets. (biospace.com)
The FLEX-NK TM multifunctional engager antibody CYT-338 directed against NKp46 and CD38 demonstrated in vitro activity against multiple myeloma tumor targets. (biospace.com)
In recent studies, we have tested the feasibility and immunogenicity of a vaccine that targets up to 20 personal neoantigens predicted to be presented by autologous patient tumor. (aacrjournals.org)
By combing through petabytes of proteomic data, our team has uncovered many cancer-restricted antigens that may offer prime targets for monoclonal antibody therapies,' Hanash said. (news-medical.net)
Xencor 's Vudalimab is a bispecific antibody that simultaneously targets immune checkpoint receptors PD-1 and CTLA-4 and is designed to promote tumor-selective T-cell activation. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
Its second drug product candidate, CUE-102, targets Wilms' Tumor 1 protein (WT-1), an oncofetal antigen. (tdameritrade.com)
8000 peptide targets from the CT26 tumor cell line. (elifesciences.org)
The rationale for using ADCs in oncology is sound: design an antibody that targets an antigen found primarily in tumors but not normal tissues, link that antibody to a cytotoxic payload and, essentially, create a smart bomb that can unleash its cytotoxic fury onto a specific target. (medscape.com)

We found that material "X" which promotes cross-presentation by tEC induced strong tumor regression. (nii.ac.jp)
Proportional hazards regression analysis was used to model recurrence as a function of age, race, baseline PSA, pathologic tumor stage, seminal vesicle involvement, margin status, Gleason score and perineural invasion in the final pathology. (prostatecalculator.org)
We find that a structurally rigid IgG4H and CD28TM domain brings the two D4 fragments in proximity, driving CAR dimerization and leading to enhanced T-cell signaling and tumor regression in pancreatic cancer models with low antigen density in female mice. (nature.com)

Both tumors are difficult to treat, and new therapies are urgently needed for these cancers. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The laboratory focuses on developing new therapies for brain and skull base tumors , and has established the first primary skull base chordoma xenograft mouse model. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Biocytogen is actively seeking collaborations with global pharmaceutical and biotech companies to combine its large-scale nanobody development abilities with collaborators' expertise in nanobody-related therapeutics, such as cell therapies, bispecific and multi-specific antibodies, ADCs and RACs, to develop novel drugs with first-in-class and/or best-in-class potentials. (businesswire.com)
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and Panacea Venture today announced the launch of Manaolana Oncology Inc., a new company created to develop and advance antibody-based therapies against novel cancer antigens. (news-medical.net)
Manaolana Oncology seeks to build upon the innovative antibody production capabilities and intellectual property of MD Anderson to research and develop novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and other antibody-based therapies for a variety of cancer types, with the goal of advancing promising therapies into clinical studies at MD Anderson. (news-medical.net)
By developing therapies targeting new tumor antigens, Manaolana Oncology aims to address a critical need for patients with cancer. (news-medical.net)
These therapies often show initial success, but fail in subsequent relapses as the cancer develops resistance. (singularityhub.com)
Tolerx, Inc. (Cambridge, MA), a biopharmaceutical company developing novel therapies by modulating T cell activity, and the Cancer Vaccine Acceleration Fund (CVAF, New York, NY)?a nonprofit program of the Cancer Research Institute established in partnership with the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research?have signed a research agreement to support the development of Tolerx?s drug candidate, TRX518. (biopharminternational.com)
Two companies, A and B, are at similar stages of developing novel therapies for treating cancer of the prostate (CaP). (wtnnews.com)
It is in this milieu that companies A and B are working to develop new therapies. (wtnnews.com)

A consistent increase in a tumor marker value, combined with lack of clinical improvement, may indicate treatment failure. (medscape.com)
Ovarian cancer, uterine cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and trophoblastic neoplasms are gynecologic malignancies for which tumor markers are in clinical use. (medscape.com)
No tumor markers with high sensitivity and high specificity for endometrial cancer are known at present, although CA-125 is often used in clinical practice. (medscape.com)
SCC antigen is useful in the clinical management of advanced cervical cancer. (medscape.com)
Our lab is currently working on understanding the extreme responders and extreme clinical phenotypes of brain and spinal cord tumors to identify factors that may modulate responses to therapy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
For the large number of hepatocellular cancer patients who currently have such limited, poor clinical options, a novel tumor antigen-directed NK engager is needed. (biospace.com)
According to urethroscopic and rectal palpation findings, six of the carcinomas were located centrally, 40 tumors were in the prostate proper, and four were clinical stage T0. (nih.gov)
Nidlegy™, currently in Phase III clinical trials, is a new anti-cancer biopharmaceutical which is being developed by Philogen for the treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. (tmcnet.com)
Attributes of the drug, company and its clinical trials play a fundamental role in drug-specific PTSR and likelihood of approval. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
Xencor is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company that focused on discovering and developing engineered monoclonal antibody and cytokine therapeutics to treat patients with cancer and autoimmune diseases. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
Among tumor immunotherapies, neoantigen vaccines are in early human clinical trials and have demonstrated substantial efficiency. (wjgnet.com)
Protocols are typically developed and refined through clinical trials. (msdmanuals.com)
The key clinical challenge addressed by our group relates to the inherent adaptive capacity of tumors, resulting in resistance to conventional oncological treatments, but that also offers new avenues for therapeutic intervention. (lu.se)

It is an extended bi-specific monoclonal antibody which contains both tumor antigen binding domain CD123 and cytotoxic T-cell binding domain (CD3 binding domain). (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
Its Plamotamab is a tumor-targeted antibody that contains both a CD20 binding domain and a cytotoxic T-cell binding domain (CD3). (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
We now demonstrate that EBV-specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) lines can readily be generated from individuals with NPC, notwithstanding the patients' prior exposure to chemotherapy/radiation. (nih.gov)

Melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-A3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAGEA3 gene. (wikipedia.org)
MAGE-A3 is a tumor-specific protein, and has been identified on many tumors including melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, hematologic malignancies, among others. (wikipedia.org)
A number of PSPs have been defined over the years that include, but not limited to, promoters of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), probasin (PB), mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV LTR), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2), and prostatic steroid-binding protein C3. (hindawi.com)
The L19 antibody is specific to the Extra Domain B of Fibronectin, a protein expressed in tumors (and other diseases) but absent in most healthy tissues. (tmcnet.com)
Next, they link up the cancerous cell with a protein molecule which makes it easier for the immune system to recognize the tumor-specific marker as foreign or undesirable. (singularityhub.com)
More recently, his group invented tools for cleavage-free large gene insertion via mining microbial recombination protein, and developed single-cell tracking approach for studying cancer biology and cancer immunology. (stanford.edu)
In this respect, in contrast to predictors based for each serum protein was determined by comparing the samples upon tumor characteristics at the time of surgery, serum is a par- collected at the primary operation and then 3-6 mo later. (lu.se)

For tumor localization experiments, WT-IMC or p50-IMC were combined with PSMA Ab or IgG, or transduced with PSMA.CAR or EV, then CFSE-labeled and injected into mice bearing subcutaneous MyC-CaP/PSMA tumors. (bmj.com)
PSMA Ab increased p50-IMC localization to PSMA+ MyC-CaP tumors 4-fold, on average (n=7, p= 0.03), whereas PSMA CAR was ineffective (n=6). (bmj.com)
Both PSMA Ab or CAR expression increased phagocytosis, with CAR being more effective, which could favor tumor antigen cross-presentation. (bmj.com)
PSMA Ab, but not CAR, increased p50-IMC tumor localization, although CARs might be effective in other models. (bmj.com)

The various tumor markers differ in their usefulness for screening, diagnosis, prognosis, assessing therapeutic response, and detecting recurrence. (medscape.com)
The polymer-based nanocarrier is a helpful toolbox to further evaluate antigen-specific vaccines and to develop further vaccine-based therapeutic concepts against cancer,' Nuhn is convinced. (mpg.de)
In recent years, tumor-targeted therapy has been appearing as a promising therapeutic choice for cancer treatment. (hindawi.com)
Arlen M, Arlen P, Tsang A, Wang X, Gupta R. The Therapeutic Value of Monoclonal Antibodies Directed Against Immunogenic Tumor Glycoproteins. (jcancer.org)
With the ability of the mAbs to demonstrate therapeutic antitumor activity in those patients with relatively advanced malignancies, the term tumor specific was introduced. (jcancer.org)
As such we plan to eventually employ the therapeutic mAbs in combination with chemotherapy as a means of enhancing the immunogenicity of the tumor system being treated and to possibly weaken the malignant growth for easier destruction by the mAb. (jcancer.org)
The expectation is that developing this new platform provides a more streamlined approach that will increase the throughput of tumor-reactive TCR discovery and, ultimately, therapeutic development. (swimacrossamerica.org)
hence, enormous efforts are underway to develop better therapeutic options. (wtnnews.com)
At this stage in the disease, there is no therapeutic option and one simply waits ("watchful-waiting") until the slowly re-growing cancer develops into end-stage carcinoma. (wtnnews.com)
Detailed functional and molecular profiling of specific stromal and immune cell populations will provide novel insights on the immunobiology of GBM, and may reveal underlying immunosuppressive mechanisms paving the way towards innovative therapeutic approaches. (lu.se)

Beta-hCG and alpha-fetoprotein have proved to be useful markers for ovarian germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)

In this study, we have analyzed and compared three prostate-specific promoters (PSA, probasin, and MMTV LTR) for their specificity and activity both in vitro and in vivo . (hindawi.com)
We developed in vivo method to evaluate the infiltration of tumor specific CTLs in tumors by recognition of tumor antigen on tECs. (nii.ac.jp)
The system has been used in various tissues and organs (in vitro or in vivo), including tumor tissues, kidney, cardiac, skeletal muscle, and vascular smooth muscle. (hindawi.com)
However, the microsized particles could only stay in blood circulation and penetrate poorly into tumor tissues, so that the wide application of the particles for in vivo tumor therapy is limited [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
The Project combines Biocytogen's proprietary fully human nanobody mouse, RenNano ® , with its high-throughput in vitro and in vivo antibody screening platforms to develop fully human nanobody drugs on a large-scale. (businesswire.com)
Moreover, The use of animals as surrogate rine host, can provide a platform for animal models for tumour viruses in hosts for the study of human tu- in vivo infection. (who.int)

This includes the early recognition of these immunogenic membrane proteins that can serve as diagnostic markers, and the targeting of such markers for the destruction of the tumor, primarily thru ADCC. (jcancer.org)
The monoclonals (mAbs) that we have developed against specific immunogenic tumor membrane proteins have been studied in detail. (jcancer.org)
We have developed a new method for functional mapping of the cancer cell-surface proteome, and recently revealed that stress adaptation modulates the global membrane proteome (Bourseau-Guilmain, et al. (lu.se)

Systemically Administered TLR7/8 Agonist and Antigen-Conjugated Nanogels Govern Immune Responses against Tumors. (mpg.de)
Our research has shown that RenNano mouse can generate robust immune responses after immunizations by different antigens. (businesswire.com)
More recent attention has turned toward the use of recombinant P. jirovecii antigens to study host immune responses ( 14 - 19 ). (cdc.gov)

This gene is a member of the melanoma-associated antigen gene family. (wikipedia.org)
The laboratory has advanced the understanding of gene therapy, angiogenesis, intracranial implantation of biodegradable polymers to treat malignant glioma, tumor genetics and proteomics, microchip drug delivery and drug resistance studies. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
By using an expression vector, a 680 bp PSA promoter isolated from a prostate cancer patient demonstrated the prostate-specific expression of the reporter gene [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Transgenic mice bearing PB promoter fused to simian virus 40 large tumor antigen gene all consistently develop prostate adenocarcinoma [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Whether this is necessary and the timing of surgery depends on the specific mutation in the RET gene, blood tests for calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (the two proteins associated with MTC) and thyroid ultrasound results. (massgeneral.org)
In addition, men with BRCA2 or HOXB13 gene variants may have a higher risk of developing life-threatening forms of prostate cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
2007). The strongest association has been found with a human leukocyte antigen gene ( HLA-DPβ1 ), but this is complicated because this gene has more than 120 variants. (cdc.gov)

The SQZ eAPC platform is the second-generation product candidate designed to generate tumor specific CD8+ T cell activation to drive the antitumor immune response. (stockhouse.com)

Healthy humans develop spontaneous CD8+ T cell responses to melanoma associated antigens (MA) expressed by normal melanocytes. (mdpi.com)

These lesions are accessible through endoscopic/endobronchial ultrasound-guided or computed tomography-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology and represent a wide range of primary and metastatic tumors. (allenpress.com)

Both mice model with xenograft prostate tumor model and canine model were used. (hindawi.com)
Additionally, compared to natural HCAb-producing species like camelids, mice are easier to breed and immunize, making them suitable for developing HCAbs on a large scale. (businesswire.com)
Mabs capable of targeting the malignancies noted above were produced following immunization of BALBc mice with the Tumor Specific Antigens. (jcancer.org)
Unlike cancer arising in the human population, tumors in genetically engineered mouse models arise in mice with well defined genetic backgrounds where genetic variability can be minimized. (molvis.org)
One exception is hu- humanized SCID mice, the use of al oncogenic viruses that are strictly man T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 surrogate hosts has not proven very species-specific, causing cancer in (HTLV-1): in addition to its ability to useful for defining tumour site con- humans only. (who.int)
The ic mice had developed lymphoma. (who.int)

Furthermore, the so-called adapter CARs have been developed by splitting antigen recognition and CAR-immune cell activation. (nature.com)

The variable regions of HCAbs, i.e., nanobodies, do not require in vitro humanization to develop drugs. (businesswire.com)
Phenomenon of cell-mediated immunity measured by in vitro inhibition of the migration or phagocytosis of antigen-stimulated LEUKOCYTES or MACROPHAGES . (nih.gov)
Research on P. jirovecii has been hampered by the lack of a reliable in vitro culture system, so investigators have developed molecular techniques to characterize isolates. (cdc.gov)
These in vitro, and their expression in these human tumour virus. (who.int)

Due to their simpler structure, nanobodies are more stable and easier to produce and engineer, making them ideal building blocks for complex modalities such as cell therapy, bispecific antibody and engager, multi-specific antibody, antibody drug-conjugate (ADC), and radionuclide antibody-conjugate (RAC). (businesswire.com)
Cytovia focuses on harnessing the innate immune system by developing complementary and disruptive NK-cell and NK-engager antibody platforms. (biospace.com)
It is being developed based on Tumor Activated T Cell Engager (TRACTr) technology. (globaldata.com)

Specific CELL MIGRATION ASSAYS have been developed to estimate levels of migration inhibitory factors, immune reactivity against tumor-associated antigens, and immunosuppressive effects of infectious microorganisms. (nih.gov)

After these initial studies had yielded such promising results, Lukas Bunse expects that vaccine-induced T-cell receptors targeting brain tumor antigens could be a promising approach to develop new immunotherapies against glioblastoma. (dkfz.de)

Developing and improving personalized neoantigen-targeting cancer vaccines [abstract]. (aacrjournals.org)

Monoclonal antibodies developed against immunogenic proteins (Tumor Specific Antigens/TSA's) that are expressed in human cancers, display a unique behavioral pattern. (jcancer.org)
These tumor proteins, when first defined, were referred to as tumor associated antigens. (jcancer.org)
MDimune Inc. and Evercyte GmbH announced a strategic collaboration to develop tumor-targeted drug delivery by combining MDimune's BioDrone® platform technology based on cell-derived vesicles (CDVs) and Evercyte's technology to modify surface proteins to create tumor-specific binding affinity. (biospace.com)

Journal Article] Improvement of Peptide-Based Tumor Immunotherapy Using pH-Sensitive Fusogenic Polymer-Modified Liposomes. (nii.ac.jp)
Since virtually all undifferentiated NPCs are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), this tumor is an attractive candidate for cellular immunotherapy targeted against tumor-associated viral antigens. (nih.gov)

Tumor markers are soluble glycoproteins that are found in the blood, urine, or tissues of patients with certain types of cancer. (medscape.com)
The small packaging allows nanoparticles to extravasate into tumor tissues. (hindawi.com)
A recent study showed that 51.4% had weak, 35.1% had moderate, and 13.5% had strong staining of GPC1 in positively stained pancreatic tumor tissues 22 . (nature.com)

While the search for immunogenic tumor antigens has been the subject of decades-long studies, multiple lines of evidence have convincingly demonstrated tumor neoantigens as an important class of immunogenic tumor antigens. (aacrjournals.org)
These peptides were then tested in our previously described oncolytic cancer vaccine platform PeptiCRAd, a vaccine platform that combines an immunogenic oncolytic adenovirus (OAd) coated with tumor antigen peptides. (elifesciences.org)
The major surface glycoprotein (Msg or gpA) is highly immunogenic and contains protective B- and T-cell epitopes, and the heavily glycosylated portion of the antigen plays a central role in the interaction of the organism with the host ( 6 - 10 , 20 ). (cdc.gov)

The best PSP was selected to construct a prostate-specific oncolytic adenovirus (CRAD) by controlling the adenoviral E1 region. (hindawi.com)
The idea behind this study is to place the Ad5 E1 region in cis complementation (i.e., use E1 as a transgene) back into an E1-deleted, replication-defective adenovirus under the control of a prostate-specific promoter (PSP). (hindawi.com)
Thirty to forty percent develop recurrence of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) in 5-10 years. (prostatecalculator.org)
Immunohistochemistry revealed that 20 of 22 tumors were positive for prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). (nih.gov)
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer remains controversial because it increases overdiagnosis and overtreatment of clinically insignificant tumors. (lu.se)
An example is prostate-specific antigen (PSA). (msdmanuals.com)
In Sweden, there has been a steady prostate-specific antigen (PSA) velocity for the diagnosis of pros- decrease in age-standardized breast cancer mortality in women up tate cancer (15). (lu.se)
Men are often diagnosed as the result of health screenings, such as a blood test for a substance called prostate specific antigen (PSA) or a medical exam called a digital rectal exam (DRE). (medlineplus.gov)
Total, free and complex prostate specific antigens (PSA) were measured among men age 40 years and older. (cdc.gov)
The Centaur XP cPSA assay quantitatively measures complexed prostate-specific antigen (cPSA) in human serum. (cdc.gov)

The Bert Vogelstein Laboratory seeks to develop new approaches to the prevention or treatment o ... f cancers through a better understanding of the genes and pathways underlying their pathogenesis. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Rosenberg is beginning to develop a library of TCRs that can recognize shared mutations in the hope of utilizing them for TCR T-cell therapy for patients across a variety of tumor types, especially those with common epithelial cancers. (aacr.org)
The role of two members of the ETS (E26 avian leukemia oncogene) family of transcription factors, ETS-1 and ETS-2, has been investigated in many cancers but has not yet been studied in ocular tumors. (molvis.org)
Tumors that begin at one site and then spread to other areas of the body are called metastatic cancers . (medlineplus.gov)
Hereditary prostate cancers tend to develop earlier in life than non-inherited (sporadic) cases. (medlineplus.gov)
Men with variants in these genes have a high risk of developing prostate cancer and, in some cases, other cancers during their lifetimes. (medlineplus.gov)
Lynch syndrome (LS) affects approximately 1 in 400 individuals and predisposes to multiple cancers including colorectal, endometrial, gastric, small bowel, cholangiocarinoma and other tumors. (cdc.gov)

1 The most frequent primary tumor types of anterior mediastinal masses are thymic tumors and lymphoma, with approximate proportions of 35% and 25% among mediastinal lesions, respectively. (allenpress.com)
before resection of the primary tumor and then postoperatively every 6-12 mo, resulting in three to five samples per patient. (lu.se)

Medulloblastomas are the most common malignant brain tumor for children and glioblastomas are the most common malignant brain tumor for adults. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Compared to traditional antibodies, nanobodies have smaller molecular weights and improved tissue penetration ability, which make them effective at infiltrating tumors and crossing blood-brain barriers. (businesswire.com)
Accentia takes cancer cell samples from an individual's body and identifies a tumor-specific molecular marker (an antigen) along the cell surface. (singularityhub.com)
This offers significant advantages for studying tumor pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of oncogenesis caused by a single initiating oncogenic event introduced through the mouse germ line. (molvis.org)

Therefore, strategies to use conditional oncolytic virus, or the so-called attenuated replication-competent viruses, to specifically target prostate tissue have been developed [ 2 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
For the vaccine to target the tumor, you need to know: What distinguishes tumor tissue from healthy tissue - in other words, which specific antigens are found on the cancer? (mpg.de)
The potential approach is to develop particular carriers which can facilitate the release of the payload locally in tissue by internal or external stimuli (such as heat, light, ultrasound, etc. (hindawi.com)
MDimune is expanding its global network to harness effective tissue targeting strategy to achieve highly tissue-specific drug delivery. (biospace.com)
Some cancerous tumors can invade surrounding tissue and spread to other parts of the body. (medlineplus.gov)

In addition, we will be spearheading the discovery and development of immunotherapies against neoepitopes of tumor-specific antigens. (centerwatch.com)

This upregulation was correlated with tumor progression. (molvis.org)
CaP progression obviously means that androgen depletion no longer prevents the tumor from growing. (wtnnews.com)
The second product that Company B is developing is based on careful understanding of the cell biochemistry that drives CaP progression. (wtnnews.com)
Furthermore, this side-activity also likely drives the progression of CaP from a slow growing tumor to end-stage cancer. (wtnnews.com)

This expansion gives rise to a small benign colon tumor (called a polyp or adenoma). (hopkinsmedicine.org)
This immunopeptidomics-based pipeline was carefully validated in a murine colon tumor model CT26. (elifesciences.org)

We have developed a model for calculating such risk, which accounts for various tumor characteristics. (prostatecalculator.org)

The usefulness of a tumor marker is in its sensitivity and specificity, as well as its influence on patient management decisions. (medscape.com)
Monoclonals developed from these tumor antigens are in the initial phases of investigation with regard to their specificity and antitumor activity. (jcancer.org)

This includes the amount of shed antigen in the serum at the time of treatment that could initiate immune complex formation as well as the shedding of inhibitory material into the serum possibly effecting an immune response. (jcancer.org)
We developed 3 overlapping recombinant fragments (MsgA, MsgB, and MsgC), which span the entire length of the P. jirovecii Msg, and analyzed their reactivity with serum antibodies in different populations by Western blot (WB) and ELISA ( 17 , 18 ). (cdc.gov)
The results from this prevali- the field of cancer biomarkers (11-13), and that approach was dation study showed that patients could be classified into high- adopted here to define predictive serum biomarkers associated versus low-risk groups for developing metastatic breast cancer with tumor relapse in breast cancer patients. (lu.se)

It is required by FDA that the potential effects of tumor control and toxicity be defined using the naked antibodies produced under GMP conditions, In those situations where patients with recurrent malignancies are to be studied we have come to realize that a number of factors can influence the response to monoclonal therapy. (jcancer.org)

Many new tumor markers have been discovered since the development of monoclonal antibodies, and most tumor markers are now detected with them. (medscape.com)

These substances are called tumor markers . (msdmanuals.com)

Neoantigens arise from amino acid changes encoded by somatic mutations in the tumor cell and have the potential to bind to and be presented by personal HLA molecules. (aacrjournals.org)

Manaolana Oncology intends to optimize the techniques developed at MD Anderson in order to improve the speed and efficiency in of producing antibodies against promising candidate antigens. (news-medical.net)
Among vertebrates it was shown that amphibians are capable of forming antibodies against a variety of antigens, causing several responses such as anaphylactic response and rejecting grafts. (scielo.org.ar)
NantiBody to develop a phase III antibody from NantCell and a portfolio of preclinical immune-modulating, immuno-oncology and bispecific antibodies as well as ADCs from Sorrento. (centerwatch.com)
Free PSA present in the sample is prevented from reacting with the total PSA antibodies by incubating the sample at 37°C with a free-PSA-specific monoclonal mouse antibody (Pretreatment Reagent), which blocks the free PSA so that it is nonreactive in the Centaur XP cPSA assay. (cdc.gov)

A key finding in both studies was that asymptomatic, HIV-positive patients in Cincinnati with a past episode of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) had a significantly higher degree of antibody reactivity to MsgC, the carboxyl terminus and most conserved part of the antigen, than patients who had never had the disease. (cdc.gov)

News What Makes Human Milk Different and How Does it Help Developing Babies? (nyas.org)
It is understood that human milk provides benefits to babies as they develop, particularly in its ability to help protect babies from a variety of infections. (nyas.org)
Choroidal melanoma is the most common primary malignant ocular tumor in human adults. (molvis.org)
Relevant mouse models of human uveal melanoma still remain to be developed. (molvis.org)
Antigens have mainly consisted of crude extracts from infected human or rodent lungs. (cdc.gov)
Our lab has developed advanced bioengineering techniques offering the generation of human organoids. (lu.se)
For other human tumour virus- primate species are related to the hu- tween data in humans and in experi- es, the use of humanized severe man tumour viruses, the incidence of mental animals is not obvious. (who.int)

By forming this partnership with MDimune, targeting of extracellular vesicles to tumors will open up new avenues of drug targeting to tumors or of EV targeting in general," said Regina Grillari (CTO, Evercyte). (biospace.com)

Anatomy19

Organisms12

Diseases48

Chemicals and Drugs98

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment45

Phenomena and Processes38

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care6

Solid tumors11

Microenvironment7

Brain tumors6

Induce7

Receptor12

Cells73

Anti-tumor activity1

Necrosis Factor2

Targets13

Regression3

Therapies10

Clinical13

Cytotoxic T-ce3

Protein7

PSMA4

Therapeutic10

Germ cell t1

Vivo6

Membrane3

Immune Responses3

Gene7

Antitumor immune response1

Melanoma-associated1

Metastatic tumors1

Mice6

Recognition1

Vitro4

Engager3

Immunosuppressive effects1

Receptors1

Abstract1

Proteins3

Immunotherapy2

Tissues3

Immunogenic3

Prostate-specific10

Cancers7

Primary tumor2

Malignant brain1

Molecular3

Tissue5

Immunotherapies1

Progression4

Colon tumor2

Various tumor1

Specificity2

Serum3

Malignancies1

Monoclonal antibodies1

Substances1

Neoantigens1

Antibodies4

Reactivity1

Human7

Extracellular vesicles1