• CDC is using next-generation gene sequencing tools to analyze flu viruses as part of CDC's Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) initiative. (cdc.gov)
  • The technology allows CDC to study more influenza viruses faster and in more detail than ever before. (cdc.gov)
  • CDC is using the technology to monitor genetic changes in influenza viruses in order to better understand and improve the effectiveness of influenza vaccines. (cdc.gov)
  • Influenza A viruses comprise a genus within of the family Orthomyxoviridae. (medscape.com)
  • [ 16-19 ] Both drift and shift then become key drivers of antigenic changes in circulating influenza viruses that can lead to epidemics and pandemics. (medscape.com)
  • Practically, these mutations, reassortments and the possibility of encountering multiple subtypes make it challenging for clinical laboratories to create universal assays for the detection and characterization of influenza A viruses. (medscape.com)
  • It focused on detection and identification of seasonal influenza virus sub-types, using cell culture and hemaglutination - steps that are essential for identifying viruses to make vaccines. (who.int)
  • WHO's Regional Office of the Eastern Mediterranean had conducted an assessment of these centres and influenza laboratories in 2015-2016, which revealed that some lack the necessary capacity for virus isolation in cell culture, and for antigenic characterization of human influenza viruses - capacities that are fundamental for early detection and recognition of influenza viruses of epidemic and pandemic potential. (who.int)
  • By establishing virus identification and handling mechanisms, and through timely detection of unknown viruses, national influenza centres can be effective in limiting the spread of seasonal and pandemic influenza in the Region, and around the world," said Dr Mamunur Malik, Manager of the Infectious Hazard Management unit at WHO's Health Emergencies Programme at the Regional office in Cairo. (who.int)
  • Influenza viruses cause respiratory illnesses in humans, and in some animal and bird species. (who.int)
  • Is the Subject Area "Influenza viruses" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
  • Two influenza A(H3N2) viruses carrying an I38T substitution in the polymerase acidic subunit (PA) were detected in baloxavir-treated children in December 2018. (nih.gov)
  • With the circulation of high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses having intensified considerably in recent years, the European Union is considering the vaccination of farmed birds. (nih.gov)
  • In humans, influenza viruses cause a highly contagious acute respiratory disease that resulted in epidemic and pandemic disease in humans [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Three types of influenza viruses, types A, B, and C are known and they belong to a family of single-stranded negative-sense enveloped RNA viruses called Orthomyxoviridae [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The viral genome is comprised of eight RNA segments (seven in Type C). Influenza A viruses can be classified into subtypes based on antigenic differences in the two surface glycoproteins, namely, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) which are required for viral attachment and cellular release. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Molecular diagnosis of influenza by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) provides a sensitive and rapid means for detection and has facilitated the typing and subtyping of viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • These methods can be used to quickly identify a broad variety of influenza types and subtypes, including viruses that may be involved in pandemics (such as H5N1, for example). (nih.gov)
  • The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has highlighted the need for devices capable of carrying out rapid differential detection of viruses that may manifest similar physiological symptoms yet demand tailored treatment plans. (medrxiv.org)
  • The AVR-Chip provided a method for rapidly screening influenza viruses for adamantane sensitivity , and the general approach could be easily extended to detect resistance to other chemotherapeutics. (bvsalud.org)
  • The first external quality assessment of isolation and identification of influenza viruses in cell culture in the Asia Pacific region, 2016. (who.int)
  • Influenza is a contagious respiratory disease caused by influenza A, B, H1N1 viruses, among others. (genolifeadn.com)
  • Studies focused on the detection of pathogenous fungi, viruses and bacteria by molecular biology techniques (PCR, qPCR). (genolifeadn.com)
  • While H3N2 viruses are still most common, there is an increasing number of influenza B viruses being detected. (cdc.gov)
  • Flu (influenza) is a serious disease caused by influenza viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • These changes can impact how well the flu vaccine works, or can also result in the emergence of new influenza viruses against which people have no preexisting immunity, triggering a pandemic. (cdc.gov)
  • Avian influenza outbreaks in downwind areas of Asian dust storms (ADS) suggest that viruses might be transported by dust storms. (nih.gov)
  • We developed a technique to measure ambient influenza and avian influenza viruses. (nih.gov)
  • We then used this technique to measure concentrations of these viruses on ADS days and background days, and to assess the relationships between ambient influenza and avian influenza viruses, and air pollutants. (nih.gov)
  • Among a sample of participants of all ages collected during the year 2010, the antibody testing of stored sera specimens from NHANES 2009-2010 was conducted to determine population levels of pre-pandemic cross reactive antibody to the 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus and related influenza viruses prior to the spread of the novel 2009 H1N1 virus. (cdc.gov)
  • This data release contains the hemagglutination inhibition assay titers to 2009 H1N1 and three contemporary influenza viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Antibody titers against 2009 H1N1 and three contemporary influenza viruses were measured with the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay following standard procedures by Focus Diagnositcs, Inc., Cypress, CA. (cdc.gov)
  • Antigenic and genetic characteristics of swine-origin 2009 A(H1N1) influenza viruses circulating in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Twenty seven of the influenza detections reported to date this season are known to be associated with recent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) receipt and do not represent community circulation of seasonal influenza viruses. (canada.ca)
  • Weekly reporting of laboratory detections of respiratory viruses continues via our Respiratory Virus Detections Surveillance System . (canada.ca)
  • Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 1 (3):113-20. (netecweb.org)
  • They are active against both influenza A and influenza B viruses. (medscape.com)
  • The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay is used most commonly for the detection of antibodies to influenza viruses. (eur.nl)
  • However, for the detection of antibodies to avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype either induced by infection or by vaccination, the HI assay is insensitive. (eur.nl)
  • Here we describe an alternative method for the detection of these antibodies, which is based on the use of reporter viruses that express the green fluorescent protein (GFP) upon infection of target cells. (eur.nl)
  • GFP-expressing viruses were generated carrying the HA of a variety of antigenically distinct H5N1 influenza viruses. (eur.nl)
  • Using a panel of antisera raised against H5N1 influenza viruses, the assay based on GFP expressing viruses was compared with the classical virus neutralization assay and the hemagglutination inhibition assay. (eur.nl)
  • Influenza viruses are highly unpredictable. (fda.gov)
  • Influenza viruses continually undergo changes in their genetic makeup and the resulting proteins that interact with the immune system. (fda.gov)
  • Unlike other vaccines, the composition of influenza vaccines must be periodically updated so that they are effective against the predominant circulating viruses anticipated in the upcoming influenza season. (fda.gov)
  • To identify virus strains likely to cause illness during the upcoming influenza season, experts from WHO Collaborating Centers for Influenza (which include the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)), the WHO Essential Regulatory Laboratories (this includes FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER)), and other influenza and public health experts study recently circulating influenza viruses and recent global disease patterns. (fda.gov)
  • In addition, blood samples from individuals receiving the most recent influenza vaccines are analyzed by the WHO Essential Regulatory Laboratories and WHO Collaborating Centers to determine how well antibodies induced by these vaccines react to recently isolated viruses. (fda.gov)
  • After careful evaluation of the antigenic and genetic characteristics of influenza viruses that are circulating and infecting humans across the globe and the ability of current vaccines to protect against these viruses, WHO makes recommendations on the composition of the influenza vaccines for use in the upcoming influenza season. (fda.gov)
  • Respiratory infections caused by influenza viruses (Influenza A and B) or respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV) can be mild to severe depending on the risk group. (cmpt.ca)
  • However, high risk groups including infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised adults, can develop severe illness after infection with influenza or RSV viruses which can lead to pneumonia, consequent hospital admission, and even death. (cmpt.ca)
  • moreover, both influenza A and B viruses undergo mutations, with influenza A undergoing mutation more rapidly than influenza B. This makes the antibodies produced by infection or vaccine have partial or no protection against other virus type or subtype. (cmpt.ca)
  • Neuraminidase inhibitors can inhibit the growth of influenza A viruses at the early stage of the disease [ 2 , 3 ], and laboratory testing has demonstrated that H7N9 viruses are sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Cell culture and real-time reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) have been widely used for identifying influenza viruses in clinical settings. (hindawi.com)
  • The colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) is a recently developed immunochromatographic technique for the identification of influenza A viruses with several notable advantages, such as the lack of requirement for any sample pretreatment, low sample volume requirement, ease of operation, rapid turnaround time, low cost, no cross-reactions, and no equipment requirements [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Recently, a new GICA for the rapid diagnosis of H7 influenza A viruses was developed by Guangzhou Wondfo Biotech Co. Ltd. Considering the advantages of GICA, it could be a potentially useful tool for the rapid diagnosis and screening of H7N9 viruses, if it was proven to be of comparable performance with other diagnostic methods. (hindawi.com)
  • We'll also discuss influenza viruses more broadly. (acs.org)
  • Avian flu, swine flu, the flu viruses that impact us humans - they're all under a massive influenza umbrella. (acs.org)
  • Influenza viruses A and B cause seasonal epidemics every year. (acs.org)
  • But only influenza A viruses are known to cause pandemics, meaning they don't stick within a region or country, they spread across the globe. (acs.org)
  • Influenza C viruses cause mild illness and aren't believed to cause human epidemics. (acs.org)
  • And influenza D viruses mostly impact cattle but can spill over into other animals, though they're not known to make people sick. (acs.org)
  • Because influenza type A viruses are known to cause pandemics, they'll be the focus of this episode. (acs.org)
  • So type A influenza viruses have two types of antigens or proteins that stick off of their surface: Hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. (acs.org)
  • The triage protocol for suspected influenza infection is initiated after influenza viruses, including H1N1 influenza viruses, have been identified in the community (or other geopolitical unit) through culture or antigen detection. (aafp.org)
  • The Influenza viruses form a virus group with principally similar morphological, chemical and biological features. (rapidtest.com)
  • Of 35 respiratory samples tested, 6 were infected with transcription PCR and single nucleotide polymorphism influenza A(H3N2), 2 with influenza A(H1N1) virus, 6 probestodifferentiatethismutantstraininmixedviruspop- with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus, 4 with parainfluenza ulationsinhumanspecimens. (cdc.gov)
  • Currently, sixteen subtypes of HA (H1-H16) and nine NA (N1-N9) antigenic variants are known in influenza A virus mostly related with veterinary significance, with only three subtypes circulating in humans (H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) has been a reliable method for determining porcine antibody levels to the well-characterized swine influenza virus (SIV) H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes. (illinois.edu)
  • Description: This is HRP conjugated goat polyclonal antibody against Influenza A virions, H3N2 for WB, ELISA. (mytaq.net)
  • Influenza A(H3N2) is the most common influenza virus circulating in Canada. (canada.ca)
  • Among subtyped influenza A detections 59% (23 out of 39) were influenza A(H3N2). (canada.ca)
  • Among subtyped influenza A detections (191), 82% were influenza A(H3N2). (canada.ca)
  • Among the 169 cases of influenza A for which the subtype was known, 82% of cases were A(H3N2). (canada.ca)
  • Following aerosolization, quantitative PCR was used to detect and quantify H1N1 and H3N2 influenza strains. (netecweb.org)
  • The strains of virus used in vaccine production include two distinct subtypes of influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) and one (for trivalent vaccine) or two (for quadrivalent vaccine) different lineages of influenza B (B/Yamagata and B/Victoria, which are genetically divergent from each other). (fda.gov)
  • CMPT respiratory panel (RP) comprised of current circulating isolates of viral strains obtained from BCCDC which include influenza virus A subtypes (H3N2, H1N1), Influenza B and RSV subtypes RSV A and RSV B. (cmpt.ca)
  • Each PT panel included three samples to be tested for influenza A (subtype H3N2 or H1N1), three samples to be tested for influenza B, and three samples to be tested for RSV (subtype A or B). (cmpt.ca)
  • Influenza type A subtypes H3N2 and H1N1, Influenza B, and RSV types A and B positive specimen were obtained from BCCDC and propagated in appropriate cell lines, clarified, quantified, and inactivated. (cmpt.ca)
  • Transmission electron microscope image depicting some of the ultrastructural details displayed by H3N2 Influenza virions. (cmpt.ca)
  • Table 1: Ct values of Influenza A H3N2 positive samples (1/100 dilution) measured at different time points. (cmpt.ca)
  • We developed a sensitive and rapid real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay to detect influenza A H5N1 virus in clinical samples. (nih.gov)
  • Serial quantitative analysis for influenza A H5N1 virus in respiratory samples from 2 patients with H5N1 in 1997 by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. (nih.gov)
  • Rapid diagnosis of H5N1 avian influenza virus infection by newly developed influenza H5 hemagglutinin gene-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification method. (nih.gov)
  • Continuous outbreaks of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza A in Asia has resulted in an urgent effort to improve current diagnostics to aid containment of the virus and lower the threat of a influenza pandemic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We report here the development of a PCR-based assay that is highly specific for the H5N1 avian influenza A virus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A one-step reverse-transcription PCR assay was developed to detect the H5N1 avian influenza A virus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Detection was 100% from allantoic fluid in H5N1 positive samples, suggesting it to be a reliable sampling source for accurate detection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The assay developed from this study indicates that the primers are specific for the H5N1 influenza virus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In avian species, most influenza virus infections cause mild localized infections of the respiratory and intestinal tract, but highly pathogenic strains such as H5N1 cause system infections in which mortality may reach 100% [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As a result, H5N1 avian influenza A virus represents a potential danger to human health not only in Asia but to the world. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we describe the development of a nucleic acid detection test that is rapid, specific and sensitive, thus allowing greatly improved detection of the H5N1 avian influenza A virus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The first outbreak of highly pathogenic influenza A H5N1 virus in humans occurred in Hong Kong in 1997 and 6 people with confirmed infection died ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Early in 2004, an influenza A H5N1 outbreak emerged in Vietnam and Thailand that caused death in humans and epidemics in the poultry industry ( 3 - 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The recent recurrence of influenza A H5N1 prompted us to highlight the need for a highly sensitive, accurate, and rapid diagnostic test for the infection. (cdc.gov)
  • From H5N1 to HxNy: An epidemiologic overview of human infections with avian influenza in the Western Pacific Region, November 2003 - September 2017. (who.int)
  • The spread of influenza and highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) presents a significant threat to human health. (nih.gov)
  • The spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) into Asia, Europe, and even Africa has strongly affected the poultry industry and presents a significant threat to human health. (nih.gov)
  • How the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has spread between countries has been extensively debated. (nih.gov)
  • Many of these were developed in response to high-profile disease outbreaks in Hong Kong and around the world, e.g. avian influenza H5N1, H7, foot-and-mouth disease, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). (wikipedia.org)
  • Since 2003, multiple highly pathogenic avian influenza A (HPAI) H5 subtypes, including H5N1, H5N2, H5N6, and H5N8, have generated severe epidemics and thus not only tremendous economic losses in the domestic poultry industry, but also serious threats to human health worldwide ( Jhung and Nelson, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • As of October 3, 2016, at least 856 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in 16 countries had been reported to the World Health Organization, among which 452 had ended in death, for an apparent case fatality rate of 52.8% ( WHO, 2016 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • They also chat with experts about the new, more deadly strain of avian influenza - H5N1 - that has been making its rounds in the United States since January 2022, leading to the deaths of over 58 million birds, not just impacting farms and egg prices but wild bird populations. (acs.org)
  • The novel cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir marboxil was approved for the treatment of influenza virus infection in Japan in February 2018. (nih.gov)
  • Rapid virological diagnosis is important for early case identification, initiation of specific antiviral therapy, and implementation of infection control measures for patients suffering from influenza. (flutrackers.com)
  • NIAID is seeking information about ongoing or planned research efforts focused on the development or existence/use of novel and/or non-traditional animal model(s) that more closely mimic human immune responses to influenza infection or vaccination and can replicate the human experience of influenza exposure history, including the effects of preexisting immunity and sequential vaccination on protective immunity over time. (nih.gov)
  • As outlined in its recently published strategic plan, NIAID is committed to addressing this significant gap and has a specific interest in developing or utilizing novel animal models that more closely mimic human immune responses to influenza, which are shaped by sequential exposures via natural infection or vaccination (AS Fauci et al. (nih.gov)
  • Sensitivity and Specificity of Serologic Assays for Detection of Human Infection with 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Virus in U.S. Populations. (cdc.gov)
  • However, RIDTs have limited sensitivity to detect influenza virus infection and negative test results should be interpreted with caution given the potential for false negative results. (cdc.gov)
  • Some RIDTs distinguish between influenza A or B virus infection while others do not. (cdc.gov)
  • However, due to th e limited sensitivities and predictive values of RIDTs, negative results of RIDTs do not exclude influenza virus infection in patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of influenza. (cdc.gov)
  • RIDTs can be useful to identify influenza virus infection as a cause of respiratory outbreaks in any setting, but especially in institutions (i.e., nursing homes, chronic care facilities, and hospitals), cruise ships, summer camps, schools, etc. (cdc.gov)
  • However, negative RIDT results do not exclude influenza virus infection as a cause of a respiratory outbreak because of the limited sensitivity of these tests. (cdc.gov)
  • Testing respiratory specimens from several persons with suspected influenza will increase the likelihood of detecting influenza virus infection if influenza virus is the cause of the outbreak. (cdc.gov)
  • Clinical signs and symptoms consistent with influenza o Having clinical signs and symptoms consistent with influenza increases the pre-test probability of influenza virus infection, which increases the reliability of a positive RIDT result. (cdc.gov)
  • Antiviral therapy is available for the treatment of influenza virus infection. (medscape.com)
  • Amantadine hydrochloride and rimantadine hydrochloride are approved for the prevention and treatment of influenza A virus infection. (medscape.com)
  • They are not active against influenza B virus infection. (medscape.com)
  • A double burden of influenza and COVID-19 cases could also increase risk of cross-infection and transmission in hospital settings. (immunizationevidence.org)
  • Since the first human case of influenza A (H7N9) virus infection was identified in China, a total of 347 infected patients were confirmed as of February 18, 2014, with a total of 109 deaths [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • This editorial outlines one such approach, based on the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of influenza virus infection. (aafp.org)
  • When influenza is present in the community, most of these febrile respiratory illnesses are attributable to influenza infection. (aafp.org)
  • The influenza infection is an acute feverish virus infection, which principally leads to an illness of the respiratory tract and appears as an epidemic or pandemic. (rapidtest.com)
  • For the published notice of special interest, check the December 13, 2021 Guide notice, Notice of Special Interest (NOSI)-Advancing Research Needed To Develop a Universal Influenza Vaccine . (nih.gov)
  • The development of a universal influenza vaccine that induces durable, broad protection against multiple influenza strains is a high priority for the NIAID. (nih.gov)
  • A universal influenza vaccine: The strategic plan for the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. (nih.gov)
  • For example, novel or non-traditional animal models, such as swine, non-human primates, or hamster models, may serve to test scientific questions regarding immunity and the potential impacts of subsequent influenza exposures on vaccine efficacy. (nih.gov)
  • For more information, please refer to the Canadian Immunization Guide Chapter on Influenza and Statement on Seasonal Influenza Vaccine for 2020-2021 (Section IV.2) . (canada.ca)
  • The process of ensuring the timely availability of influenza vaccine in the United States and elsewhere is a global, year-round process. (fda.gov)
  • WHO usually makes its vaccine strain recommendations in February for the upcoming influenza season in the Northern Hemisphere and in September for the upcoming influenza season in the Southern Hemisphere. (fda.gov)
  • This mathematical modeling study found that increasing influenza vaccine uptake would help manage respiratory outbreaks coinciding with peak flu season and thus reduce the potential strain on healthcare systems responding to COVID-19. (immunizationevidence.org)
  • Why do we need an influenza vaccine every year when there are many vaccines we only need to get once every few decades? (acs.org)
  • The seasonal influenza vaccine has been shown to reduce the risk for influenza illness and associated morbidity and mortality worldwide. (health.mil)
  • We developed a highly sensitive, rapid, and accurate real-time RT-PCR assay to directly diagnose influenza A subtype H5 in human clinical samples. (cdc.gov)
  • This invention relates to methods of rapidly detecting influenza, including differentiating between type and subtype. (nih.gov)
  • RIDTs that provide results on type of influenza virus (e.g. influenza A or B virus), do not provide information on influenza A virus subtype (e.g. (cdc.gov)
  • Detailed information on age and type/subtype has been received for more than 425 laboratory-confirmed influenza cases ( Table 1 ). (canada.ca)
  • To test the performance of the assay when 292K mu- don/2013_10_24a/en/index.html). (cdc.gov)
  • Studies have shown that the NA R292K muta- of the mixture a ratio of 50:50 was used as the assay-specif- tion can cause a high level of resistance to oseltamivir in ic normalization value in determination of the percentage influenza A(H7N9) virus ( 4,5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Comparison study of a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay with an enzyme immunoassay and shell vial culture for influenza A and B virus detection in adult patients]. (nih.gov)
  • As shown by the field tested results, this assay would be highly useful as a diagnostic tool to help identify and control influenza epidemics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, this assay requires a second assay for the detection of residual virus replication, which makes it laborious to perform and less suitable for high throughput testing of large numbers of samples. (eur.nl)
  • We assessed a colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) for rapid detection of influenza A (H7N9) and compared it with reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and viral culture. (hindawi.com)
  • For the detection of samples with a high viral load, GICA performed similarly to the RT-PCR assay, especially with sputum samples. (hindawi.com)
  • This assay is for detection of circulating immune complexes (CIC). (quidel.com)
  • Very young children can shed influenza virus for more than 5 days. (medscape.com)
  • The continuous improvement in laboratory capacity for influenza surveillance has helped drive the development of diagnostic and virology laboratories in the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) in the Western Pacific Region, at the same time strengthening their ability to detect and respond to infectious threats beyond influenza. (who.int)
  • Joint WHO Regional Office for Europe/ECDC Meeting on Influenza Surveillance : Report. (who.int)
  • Influenza surveillance indicators are influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, including changes in healthcare-seeking behaviour, impacts of public health measures and influenza testing practices. (canada.ca)
  • Identifying pediatric age groups for influenza vaccination using a real-time regional surveillance system. (nih.gov)
  • Lessons learnt from the 1918 and 2009 influenza pandemics will help in the early detection, prevention and surveillance of influenza virus, which will prepare us for future pandemic situations. (medscape.com)
  • There are gaps that need to be addressed in influenza surveillance in humans and other animals. (medscape.com)
  • Our results indicated that GICA is an effective alternative method for the effective detection of H7N9 virus infections and surveillance, especially in resource-limited settings. (hindawi.com)
  • National and state-based influenza surveillance ( http://www.cdc.gov/flu , http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu ) can help describe the prevalence of influenza. (aafp.org)
  • Addressing the biology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of more than 60 microorganisms, Molecular Detection of Foodborne Pathogens demonstrates how to implement a surveillance system that uses state-of-the-art molecular techniques to quickly detect and identify bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic pathogens concerned. (routledge.com)
  • Thank you for the opportunity to be here today to discuss FDA's role in the highly collaborative effort in preventing influenza through vaccination in the United States. (fda.gov)
  • This is most likely because of the good preexisting health status of the US military, prompt detection of influenza with rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs), several effective antiviral therapeutics for early treatment and chemoprophylaxis, and a robust, compulsory vaccination program. (health.mil)
  • Influenza virus vaccines and reagents. (who.int)
  • Animal models play a significant role in influenza research, especially when evaluating influenza immunity and performing preclinical testing of vaccines and novel adjuvants. (nih.gov)
  • Although healthcare providers are still busy taking care of people with influenza this season, essential work has started on the production of next year's influenza vaccines. (fda.gov)
  • Our goal is to work with other public health agencies to ensure that vaccines produced for the next season will have the greatest chance of being effective in preventing influenza. (fda.gov)
  • Each year, the World Health Organization (WHO) convenes technical consultations in February and September to recommend the virus strains for inclusion in influenza vaccines for the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, respectively. (fda.gov)
  • Some 120,000 chickens on a Pingtung County farm will be culled due to the detection of highly-pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N2, according to a Focus Taiwan report today . (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • The latest report from EFSA, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), the EU Reference Laboratory (EURL) with OSH recommendations provided by EU-OSHA, indicates that cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) recorded in Europe. (europa.eu)
  • Rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) are immunoassays that can identify the presence of influenza A and B viral nucleoprotein antigens in respiratory specimens, and display the result in a qualitative way (positive vs. negative) (1). (cdc.gov)
  • Rapid molecular assays are a new type of influenza diagnostic test that use isothermal nucleic acid amplification for viral detection. (cdc.gov)
  • Time from illness onset to collection of respiratory specimens for testing o Testing specimens collected within 48-72 hours of illness onset (when influenza viral shedding is highest) is more likely to yield positive RIDT results. (cdc.gov)
  • Influenza virus was used to characterize the efficacy of a cyclone-based, two-stage personal bioaerosol sampler for the collection and size fractionation of aerosolized viral particles. (netecweb.org)
  • Furthermore, we found that the detection of viral particles with the two-stage sampler was directly proportional to the collection time. (netecweb.org)
  • This sampler should be an important tool for studying viral transmission in clinical settings and may significantly contribute towards understanding the modes of influenza virus transmission. (netecweb.org)
  • He did post-doctoral research on natural products with anti-viral properties in the USA and Hong Kong, and has published peer reviewed scientific articles on HIV-1 inhibition, novel nucleic acid based diagnostics for avian influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and foot-and-mouth disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • The GICA-based H7 test is a reliable, rapid, and convenient method for the screening and diagnosis of influenza A (H7N9) disease, especially for the sputum specimens with high viral load. (hindawi.com)
  • A decision analytic approach to the treatment of patients with influenza-like illnesses. (nih.gov)
  • Rapid and accurate diagnoses are critical for the treatment of patients with influenza A (H7N9) infections, as well as for the control of infections and the prevention of epidemics [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Because of the contagious nature and the tendency for patients with influenza to seek medical care during the period of highest infectivity, there are compelling reasons to provide appropriate triage over the phone and, therefore, limit the number of patients presenting for evaluation and management. (aafp.org)
  • During the season, 110 patients with influenza were reported as having received intensive care , which was lower than the 2016-2017 to 2019-202 0 seasons, during which an average of 311 patients were reported. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • Diagnostic influenza tests aid with identification of influenza types A and B and influenza A subtypes 2009 H1N1, H1, H3, H5, N1, and N2. (medscape.com)
  • In a blind study of 22 influenza isolates, the antiviral resistance-chip (AVR-Chip) had a success rate of 95% for detecting these mutations . (bvsalud.org)
  • Antiviral resistance during the 2009 influenza A H1N1 pandemic: public health, laboratory, and clinical perspectives. (who.int)
  • Therefore, antiviral treatment should not be withheld from patients with suspected influenza, even if they test negative. (cdc.gov)
  • historically, between 41 and 51 regions reported influenza activity in week 02. (canada.ca)
  • For the published request for applications, check the April 5, 2022 Guide announcement, Development and Optimization of Next-Generation Immunological Assays to Support Influenza Clinical Studies and Trials (UH2/UH3 Clinical Trial Not Allowed) . (nih.gov)
  • e influenza activity has been documented in the community or geographic area, a clinical diagnosis of influenza can be made for outpatients with signs and symptoms consistent with suspected influenza, especially during periods of peak influenza activity in the community. (cdc.gov)
  • The Convergys ® POC RT-PCR COVID-19/Influenza/RSV Detection Kit directly detects SARS-CoV-2, Influenza virus A/B and RSV genetic material, to assist healthcare professionals in clinical differential diagnosis. (convergent-technologies.de)
  • In this study, we first tested the sensitivity and specificity of the GICA for detecting recombinant influenza H7 hemagglutinin (HA), virus lysates, and clinical samples. (hindawi.com)
  • Risk factors of seasonal influenza overlap with those associated with COVID-19 (e.g., immune suppressed, older age, comorbidities), as do clinical presentations (fever, cough, headaches, and malaise).9 Fortunately, influenza-associated deaths among the U.S. military have been relatively few. (health.mil)
  • Before detection of influenza in the community, clinical evaluation and laboratory testing is essential to identifying etiologic agents and the onset of influenza outbreaks. (aafp.org)
  • During Influenza A epidemic, the epidemiological importance and derived measures for the protection of the individual and population primarily stand in the foreground together with the severity of the clinical symptoms. (rapidtest.com)
  • National influenza centres work closely with sub-national laboratories and WHO collaborating centres to regularly collect and analyse virus specimens in order to identify the type of influenza virus circulating in and out of season. (who.int)
  • Public health authorities should be notified of any suspected institutional outbreak and respiratory specimens should be collected from ill persons (whether positive or negative by RIDT) and sent to a public health laboratory for more accurate influenza testing. (cdc.gov)
  • 2 November 2017 - WHO conducted a 5-day workshop in Rabat, Morocco, on influenza virus identification and handling mechanisms to enhance the capacities of national influenza centres in the Eastern Mediterranean Region for timely and effective detection of seasonal and pandemic influenza. (who.int)
  • Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) Framework. (who.int)
  • Timely provision of appropriate care is a necessary precondition to mitigate the effects of pandemic influenza. (aafp.org)
  • Human IgG antibody Laboratories manufactures the antibody detection for equine influenza reagents distributed by Genprice. (mytaq.net)
  • The Antibody Detection For Equine Influenza reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell culture lab samples. (mytaq.net)
  • Description: This is Mouse monoclonal FITC conjugated antibody against Influenza A virus NP for WB, ELISA. (mytaq.net)
  • Description: This is goat polyclonal antibody against Influenza A virions, H1N1 for WB, ELISA. (mytaq.net)
  • Description: This is HRP conjugated goat polyclonal antibody against Influenza A matrix protein for WB, ELISA. (mytaq.net)
  • Six Pan antibody pairs against the NP protein of Influenza A and Influenza B, respectively. (rapidmicrobiology.com)
  • Cross-reactive antibody responses to the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus. (cdc.gov)
  • There has not been a reported case of H5N2 avian influenza in a human to date although Japanese poultry workers did demonstrate high H5N2 antibody titers several years ago. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • Diagnostic Automation Inc. Influenza A IgG Antibody ELISA (EIA) Test Kit has been designed for the detection and quantitative determination of specific IgG antibodies against Influenza A in human serum and plasma. (rapidtest.com)
  • The Diagnostic Automation Influenza A IgG antibody test kit is based on the principle of the enzyme immunoassay (EIA). (rapidtest.com)
  • Coinfection with both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza was reported early in the pandemic, when 46 (49%) of a case series of 93 critically ill COVID-19 cases from Wuhan, China were found to be coinfected with influenza virus. (health.mil)
  • Thus, sensitive molecular of 292K mutant in mixed population as described by Liu et techniques are needed for rapid detection of influenza vi- al. (cdc.gov)
  • As of February 16, 2018 most of the United States continues to experience intense and widespread flu activity, with record-breaking levels of influenza-like-illness and hospitalization rates recorded. (cdc.gov)
  • Seasonal influenza may be exacerbated by COVID-19 infections, increasing the burden on healthcare systems. (medrxiv.org)
  • Notably, the role of specific miRNAs during influenza virus infections are still ill-defined. (cdc.gov)
  • The central goal of this study was to identify novel miRNAs and their target genes in response to influenza virus infections in airway epithelium. (cdc.gov)
  • Infections with SARS-CoV-2, Influenza virus or the Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause very similar symptoms, which is a challenge for healthcare professionals. (convergent-technologies.de)
  • Since April 2014, new infections of H5N6 avian influenza virus (AIV) in humans and domestic poultry have caused considerable economic losses in the poultry industry and posed an enormous threat to human health worldwide. (frontiersin.org)
  • Influenza infections typically represent a small, but significant percentage of the annual caseload in family medicine settings. (aafp.org)
  • During October through May-the respiratory virus season and the period of seasonal influenza in the United States-acute respiratory tract infections with fevers of 100°F (37.8°C) or greater, coupled with a cough or sore throat, may comprise 2 to 3 percent of all patient visits. (aafp.org)
  • Many of the current strains are not susceptible to amantadine/rimantadine (including H1N1 influenza virus), so empiric use of these agents as the only drug is not recommended. (medscape.com)
  • 1 ), This outbreak caused 137 laboratory-confirmed cases ing the mutant NA gene of influenza A(H7N9) virus. (cdc.gov)
  • The current H1N1 influenza (swine flu) outbreak has patients and physicians understandably concerned. (aafp.org)
  • Variation exists among diagnostic methods for identification of types and subtypes of influenza (see Tables 1, 2, 3, and 4). (medscape.com)
  • The Western Cape Veterinary Services has warned poultry farmers that avian influenza has been detected in two commercial layer farms in the Paardeberg area (in the Drakenstein and Swartland Local Municipalities). (westerncape.gov.za)
  • Therefore, in addition to containment procedures, sensitive detection assays for early diagnosis are vital to lower the chances of spread and reduce the risk of development into an epidemic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The 2021-2022 influenza season was unusual with two epidemic waves separated by a period of very low influenza activity. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • A pandemic occurs when an influenza virus which was not previously circulating among humans, and to which most people do not have immunity, emerges and transmits among humans. (who.int)
  • What is Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD)? (cdc.gov)
  • How CDC Is Using Advanced Molecular Detection Technology To Better Fight Flu! (cdc.gov)
  • This is the sixth report for the 2021-2022 influenza season. (who.int)
  • In total, just over 13 , 000 laboratory-confirmed influenza cases were reported in the 2021-2022 season. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • Comparison of diagnostic procedures for detection of influenza A. (medscape.com)
  • Testing Methods" and "Table 2: Characteristics of Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Tests" . (cdc.gov)
  • For the purposes of this RFI, NIAID does not consider the traditional inbred mouse strains and ferret models as novel unless they possess unique characteristics that better mimic the human immune response to influenza. (nih.gov)
  • AMD technology uses genomic sequencing, high-performance computing, and epidemiology to study pathogens and improve disease detection. (cdc.gov)
  • I nterventions and behaviour changes to reduce transmission of COVID-19 have also likely had an effect on the spread of influenza and other respiratory pathogens. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • Human airway epithelial cells exposed to influenza virus induced several novel miRNAs that were identified using next generation sequencing (NGS) and their target genes by biochemical methods. (cdc.gov)
  • With proven, ready-to-use protocols (including commercial kits), this globally pertinent resource demonstrates how speedy and effective detection methods can lead to more lives saved and a consistently safe, quality, and trustworthy food supply. (routledge.com)
  • 20. Rapid detection of antibodies in sera using multiplexed self-assembling bead arrays. (nih.gov)
  • 2. Influenza A IgG ELISA Test Kit Calibrator A (Negative Control) contains no IgG antibodies against Influenza A 3. (rapidtest.com)
  • Influenza A IgG ELISA Test Kit Calibrator B (Cut-Off Standard) contains a low concentration of IgG antibodies against Influenza A 4. (rapidtest.com)
  • Influenza A IgG ELISA Kit Calibrator C (Weak Positive Control) contains a medium concentration of IgG antibodies against Influenza A 5. (rapidtest.com)
  • A binding between the IgG antibodies of the serum and the immobilized Influenza A antigen takes place. (rapidtest.com)
  • Expression patterns of these putative miRNAs were further confirmed using RT-PCR in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpC) exposed to H1N1, H9N1(1P10) and H9N1 (1WF10) strains of influenza virus. (cdc.gov)
  • In this episode, Deboki and Sam kick things off by covering the different strains of influenza that are most likely to cause, or already caused, pandemics. (acs.org)
  • No laboratory-confirmed outbreaks of influenza have been reported to date this season. (canada.ca)
  • Two influenza-like-illness (ILI) outbreaks were reported in schools and daycares in week 02. (canada.ca)
  • Influenza is a highly contagious virus spread by respiratory droplets or direct contact with respiratory tract secretions. (aafp.org)
  • A pandemic spread of a novel influenza virus presents a significant problem to primary care practice. (aafp.org)